390:'Nether' suggests a building lying below another property, in this case one lying to the west, and marked on Armstrong's 1775 map as 'Mains', the name that was used for a farm attached to a proprietor's dwelling. The Mains farm is shown with a ruined building standing close by. Easter Hill of Beith is also recorded as Overhill of Beith and even West Hill of Beith. Nether was the farm and Easter Hill of Beith was the fortified dwelling of the laird and his family as indicated by the relative size of the buildings and presence of a walled enclosure.
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492:, that sits close to Boghall House, beside the burn that runs down from the site of the old Loch Brand to eventually reach its confluence with the Powgree Burn. The hill is composed of soil and boulders and measures 17 paces in diameter at the bottom, and 6 feet 8 inches high. The flat top, which is flat is not totally circular, and is 8 paces in diameter.
585:
rubble built building with an offset square kiln. The lower part of the wheel splash wall is faced with ashlar. The wheel was mid breast, about 3 ft (0.91m) wide by 16 ft (4.88m) diameter, and was fed from a dam on the burn which ran through a lade under the road running to the mill. The ruins of the Davies o'the Mill, once home to
447:
The 1845 Statistical
Account states that the square castle stood close to the Court Hill and was removed in the middle of the 18th century. Porterfield in 1925 states that 'Johnnie Cunningham's' home, the tower castle, stood at Easter Hill of Beith in the field at top of the old grassy lane that runs
280:
The abbot may have stayed at the Hill of Beith castle when in the locality as this tower may have been the main residential building of the monks' grange, becoming secularised upon the dissolution of the monastery and passing into the hands of the aristocracy. The site is prominent, commanding a fine
499:
and their secular successors held and presided over courts of law on this hill, it being the 'Caput of the Barony of Beith', the site where the legal entity of the barony was physically located. The dissolution of the monasteries ended the abbots involvement in the mid 16th century. Such court hills
443:
Remains of substantial wall foundations of squared masonry 1.4m thick and 0.4m high, mainly overgown with grass turfs, are visible in the copse around 200m north-west of the Court Hill and above
Boghall House. A section 5.0m long and 0.6m thick of the field boundary wall consists of mortared masonry
435:
General Roy's
Military Survey of Scotland (1747–55) map shows two groups of buildings at 'Hill of Bieth' (sic), the easterly group being enclosed within a boundary wall and having one substantial L-shaped building as well as two smaller outbuildings. Neither the Grange nor Nether Hill of Beith have
335:
The fact that John
Cuninghame was recorded as the 'Gudeman of Beith' suggests that he held his lands from the 'true' laird, possibly Lord Boyd as previously mentioned. A feudal laird held land from the King, however a proprietor who held lands from the laird by purchase or otherwise was referred to
327:
Records show that the title 'Beith', 'Hill of Beith' or 'Gudeman of Beith' was applied to John
Cuninghame, who was also the ruling elder for the parish of Beith in 1647 and 1649. John was the defender in the process of setting the stipend of the Rev. James Fullarton. Minister of Beith. In 1662 John
584:
The water-mill of the Barony of Hill of Beith stood on the Muir or
Roebank Burn at Mill of Beith (NS 366 559) where there is a linn or waterfall, called the 'Warlock Linn' or 'Warlock Craigie'. The present day Mill of Beith dates from the late 18th to early 19th century, being a small rectangular
439:
Armstrong's map of 1775 shows a building marked as 'Mains' with a fairly substantial ruined castle close by. It is not marked as a ruin, however the identical image as for the ruined Giffin Castle is used. Nearby estates have a 'mansion house' symbol used. Dobie states that the castle's stones had
424:
Easter Hill of Beith was probably a castellated building such as a fortalice or tower house, close to Nether or Hill of Beith Mains, half a mile south-west of the Grange, the monks farm where the abbot of
Kilwinning may have stayed when in the locality if not at the castle site itself, overlooking
552:
in 1691, succeeded by his son Mathew who died childless. Mathew
Pollock of Boghouse acquired the lands in 1734 and was succeeded by his son Mathew in 1771. In turn Matthews son, also Mathew, succeeded in 1790 and in 1826 by his son, another Mathew. Margaret Shedden purchased Bog Hall in 1833 and,
553:
after the death of her husband John
Shedden Dobie, the property was sold to Charles Greenshields Reid of Grangehill House, a neighbouring property. In 1858 Boghall was sold to William Ross JP, who probably built the present house. In the 20th century the Knox family of Beith were owners.
262:, given to the abbey by Sir William de Cunninghame in the early 14th century. This ownership involved the monks in extensive agricultural activities and details of the rents from their farms show a considerable annual production of cheese in particular, 268 recorded for one year alone.
453:"Their farm is clearly indicated by the name "Grangehill" (NS 356 546) and "The Maynes". Blaeu's map indicates a castellated mansion or tower house on part of the Maynes, half a mile SW of the Grange, where the abbot may have stayed when in the locality."
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Although shown on a map of 1654 it no longer appears on Roy's map of circa 1747. Despite this cartographic evidence it is said to have been finally drained in 1780 at which time oak and elm stakes were uncovered which may have been evidence of a
328:
Cuninghame was heavily fined, the amount being £626 13s 4d, for his support of the religious zealots
Colonel Strachan and Colonel Ker who as members of the Covenanter Army had in 1650 caused considerable damage to the lands of the
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as opposed to drystone dyke. Nearby ruined drystone dykes may be composed of stones robbed from the castle, its boundary wall and outbuildings. Some of these stones are clearly worked or dressed building remnants.
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In 1832 only a single farm named 'Hill of Beith' is marked, with the original curving entrance lane that survives as a hedge boundary following the later creation of a new direct entrance from Wardrop Street.
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where they delivered local justice. This artificial earth mound is still in existence, standing close to Boghall House. The abbey's farm or Grange was most likely at Grangehill, a small estate nearby.
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was once held by the monastery of Kilwinning Abbey and it is recorded that in 1482 the monks had to take legal action against the Montgomeries of Giffin Castle and a James Ker, who were accused of
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of Overhill (Easter) Hill of Beith and then in around 1579 he sold them to Lord Robert Boyd. The Cunninghames however once again held the castle and lands in the early 1600s at the time of
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These two dwellings and their associated lands made up the Barony of Hill of Beith and are recorded in the 1600s as being held by the monastery of Kilwinning. The monks also held
1475:
1199:
377:. All baronies had a Court, Moot or Justice hill upon which the Barony Court met to settle local legal cases as presided over by the laird or his nominated baillie.
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view of the surrounding countryside and being well defended by the natural slopes, overlooking the old Loch Brand site that protected its north-westerly boundary.
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The names Easter and Nether Hill of Beith have ceased to be used; the term Netherhill is now used by the modern buildings at the site of the old toll house.
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The Hill of Beith Castle site was situated near the old turnpike from Kilwinning via Beith to Coldstream Bridge. It was built under the 1767 Ayr Roads Act.
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Notices of the several openings of a cairn on Cuffhill; of various antiquities in the barony of Beith; and of a crannog in the Loch of Kilbirnie, Ayrshire
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This old habitation, marked as Boighall on a 1654 map, sits next to the site of the old loch, and was the home to the mother, Janet Pollock, of
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The small copse next to the castle site is known as the 'Hangman's Wood' locally, suggesting that this was the site of the barony gallows.
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The castle may have been converted and the buildings used as a farm dwelling before its final demise as a dwelling in the 18th century.
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273:'s wife towards the end of the 12th century and the monks as ecclesiastical barons, with the feudal right of 'pit and gallows', had a
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The placename 'Hill of Beith' itself refers not to the hill, but instead to that rare survival of feudal power, the 'Court Hill' or
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The Cuninghames had sold the castle and lands of Hill of Beith by the end of the 17th century and in around 1798 Hugh Brown of
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been mainly removed by the middle of the 18th century. The 1832 map no longer marks the castle site or its formal access.
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The town of Beith itself was once officially known as 'Hill of Beith' and only later became known by its shortened name.
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once existing here. The new lands were used for agriculture and are discernible today (2010) as poorly drained wetlands.
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were sometimes built from soil deliberately brought to the site from all the different parts of the lands of the barony.
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purchased Easter Hill of Beith and his son, also Hugh, purchased the farm and lands of Nether Hill of Beith circa 1808.
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626:'Slim Jim' Baxter, a player with Glasgow Rangers, Sunderland, Nottingham Forest and Scotland grew up in Hill O’Beith.
1042:
Complete Songs and Poems of Robert Tannahill. Centenary Edition. 1874. Tannahill Club. Paisley : William Wilson.
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McJannet records that De Morville had a moated hillock at Beith. This may have later been used as the Court Hill.
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The 'Wood of Beit', now the 'Moor of Beith', has been identified with an Arthurian site where according to
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The New Statistical Account of Scotland. 1845. Vol. 5. Ayr - Bute. Edinburgh : Blackwood & Sons.
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Cunninghame, Topographized by Timothy Pont 1604–1608, with continuations and illustrative notices
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Blaeu's map of 1654, originating in the 1600s, shows a castellated tower named 'Hill of Beith.'
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dangerous destruction and down-casting of the fosses and dikes of the loch called Loch Brand.
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Easter-Hill of Byith a pretty building, veill planted belonging to Johne Cuninghame.
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stands in the Roebank Burn, used in the past as a diving platform by local youths.
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301:, in the person of John Cuninghame, son of Sir William Cuninghame of Caddel, near
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as the Gudeman of that Ilk; also a man of equal rank or the head of a household.
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The site of the old castle in 1850. 'Lane to Old Houses' is marked on this map.
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feued out the 'Lands of Hill of Beith' to a cadet branch of the Cuninghames of
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Porterfield, S. (1925). 'Rambles Round Beith'. Pilot Press : Beith.
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or Boghall Loch. The shortened version, 'Hill o'Beith' was often used.
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Details of the De Soulis, De Morville and other Cunninghame families.
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twenty-four shilling land of old extent with the teinds of the same
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lay in the feudal Regality of Kilwinning, within the Baillerie of
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The industrial archaeology of Scotland, 1, Lowlands and Borders
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In the early 1600s the fortified dwelling is referred to as
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in a poem under the name of 'Canowan' it was the site of a
1089:
A History of the County of Renfrew from the Earliest Times
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The old Barony and castle, fortalice, or tower house of
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The site of Loch Brand from Hill of Beith Castle site
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battle in the wood of Beit at the close of the day.
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355:Hugh Brown of Broadstone and Hill of Beith Castle
1127:Commentary and video on the Court Hill of Beith.
1108:. V. - II - Cunninghame. Edinburgh: J. Stillie.
213:, and the Sherrifdom of Ayr, now the Parish of
1193:
1132:Commentary and video on Hill of Beith Castle.
608:Beith Ladies Walking Group at the castle site
8:
548:Bog Hall was acquired by Hew Montgomerie of
80:
1070:. Edinburgh : Edmonston & Douglas.
316:the last abbot of Kilwinning, obtained the
312:At the Reformation, James Hamilton, son of
62:Substantial foundations of the castle tower
1476:Buildings and structures in North Ayrshire
1200:
1186:
1178:
269:had been given to the Kilwinning monks by
242:Kilwinning Abbey ruins in the 19th century
20:
1164:Hill of Beith Castle article on S1 Beith.
1106:History of the Counties of Ayr and Wigton
1059:Dobie, James D. (ed Dobie, J.S.) (1876).
1142:General Roy's Military map of Scotland.
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16:Castle in North Ayrshire, Scotland, UK
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484:from the site of Hill of Beith Castle
7:
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1152:Mills of Beith article on S1 Beith.
1137:Commentary and video on Loch Brand.
1091:. Paisley : Alexander Gardner.
409:The old entrance lane to the castle
1049:. Musselburgh : Goblinshead.
14:
1491:Christianity in medieval Scotland
425:their loch and their court hill.
324:'s famous survey of Cunninghame.
285:The lairds of the Barony of Beith
1454:
1066:Glennie, John S. Stuart (1869).
646:
451:The quote from Love's work is -
79:
72:
56:
495:As feudal lords, the abbots of
347:Easter and Nether Hill of Beith
436:such a large building marked.
234:The abbots of Kilwinning Abbey
1:
1087:Metcalfe, William M. (1905).
893:Statistical Account, Page 580
1084:, Proc Soc Antiq Scot, v.11.
836:Retrieved : 2010-12-07]
417:Castle site with foundations
373:derives from the old barony
1098:Glasgow : Civic Press.
1023:Retrieved : 2010-12-08
1011:Retrieved : 2010-12-07
956:Retrieved : 2011-01-16
935:Retrieved : 2010-12-08
884:Retrieved : 2010-12-22
872:Retrieved : 2010-12-08
860:Retrieved : 2010-12-08
848:Retrieved : 2010-12-08
803:Retrieved : 2010-12-08
791:Retrieved : 2010-12-11
764:Retrieved : 2010-12-08
1517:
1096:The Roral Burgh of Irvine.
507:Loch Brand or Boghall Loch
1486:History of North Ayrshire
1481:Castles in North Ayrshire
1452:
1215:
1209:Castles in North Ayrshire
1045:Coventry, Martin (2010).
965:Tannahill Club, Page iii.
931:29 September 2022 at the
448:up from Netherhill Toll.
67:
55:
28:
1094:McJannet, A. F. (1938).
954:British Listed Buildings
662:Gateside, North Ayrshire
616:Netherhill Toll in 1850.
1077:. London : RCAHMS.
1007:16 October 2010 at the
870:William Armstrong's Map
1063:. Glasgow: John Tweed.
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120:55.752332°N 4.614919°W
1284:Cunninghamhead Castle
1277:Little Cumbrae Castle
911:Love (1876), Page 283
812:Porterfield, Page 13.
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1326:Hill of Beith Castle
1169:15 July 2011 at the
1157:15 July 2011 at the
1047:Castles of the Clans
992:Porterfield, Page 12
902:Porterfield, Page 13
401:Hill of Beith Castle
125:55.752332; -4.614919
87:Hill of Beith Castle
24:Hill of Beith Castle
1235:Auchenharvie Castle
1068:Arthurian Locations
716:Billings, Plate 41.
560:the 'Weaver Poet'.
482:Court Hill of Beith
471:Court Hill of Beith
330:Earl of Queensberry
291:abbot of Kilwinning
271:Richard de Morville
116: /
1410:Portencross Castle
1396:Montgreenan Castle
1312:Glengarnock Castle
1221:Ailsa Craig Castle
1073:Hume, J R (1976).
801:John Thomson's Map
762:Archibald Strachan
734:Paterson, Page 480
725:Metcalfe, Page 122
685:Coventry, Page 135
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299:Earls of Glencairn
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1438:Skelmorlie Castle
1319:Hessilhead Castle
1242:Broadstone Castle
821:McJannet, Page 91
572:The Mill of Beith
564:The Mill of Beith
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170:Foundations only
144:Site information
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1080:Love, R (1876)
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1305:Giffen castle
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1055:1-899874-36-4
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983:Hume, Page 49
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882:Thomson's Map
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621:
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600:Micro-history
599:
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595:
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588:
587:Dugald Semple
580:Caddell Farm.
578:
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371:Hill of Beith
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207:Hill of Beith
198:
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188:Built by
186:
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322:Timothy Pont
317:
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288:
279:
264:
245:
206:
204:
183:16th Century
175:Site history
157:Open to
139:Tower Castle
18:
1445:Stanecastle
1104:(1863–66).
846:Blaeu's Map
789:Blaeu's map
303:Giffordland
248:Tironensian
211:Cunninghame
123: /
99:Coordinates
1470:Categories
1382:Monkcastle
1368:Law Castle
1021:Jim Baxter
668:References
529:Loch Brand
527:The small
385:Loch Brand
375:Court Hill
341:Broadstone
275:court hill
191:Cuninghame
108:55°45′08″N
1038:Sources;
858:Roy's Map
631:Taliessin
490:Moot hill
369:The name
363:Etymology
250:monks of
196:Materials
167:Condition
111:4°36′54″W
1167:Archived
1155:Archived
1005:Archived
929:Archived
640:See also
305:outside
295:Kilmaurs
223:Scotland
39:Scotland
672:Notes;
544:Boghall
538:crannog
254:held a
229:History
152:Private
1403:Pitcon
1053:
834:RCAHMS
256:Grange
1501:Beith
307:Dalry
260:Beith
215:Beith
199:Stone
180:Built
149:Owner
31:Beith
1051:ISBN
480:The
469:The
289:The
265:The
246:The
136:Type
42:GB
1472::
916:^
826:^
781:^
769:^
690:^
678:^
592:A
332:.
309:.
297:,
225:.
221:,
217:,
162:No
37:,
33:,
1201:e
1194:t
1187:v
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