90:(New York: Pageant Book Co., 1956), 1956 ed., p. 422; Betty F. Kyrias, "The Civil War in Baxter Springs, Kansas, 1862–1863" (Baxter Springs, Kansas.: Baxter Springs, Kansas, Historical Society, August 8, 1988), pp. 1–2; Kyrias, letter to William C. Pollard, Jr., April 1, 1993, p. 3; Kyrias, interview with Pollard, Baxter Springs, Kans., May 27, 1993; Pollard, memorandum to Daniel C. Fitzgerald, June 1, 1993, pp.1–2; Pollard, "Forts and Military Posts in Kansas: 1854–1865" (Ph.D. dissertation, Faith Baptist College and Seminary, 1997), pp. 21–3.
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In early
September Camp Hunter and the Indian Home Guard camp found themselves on the front line. The soldiers were warned of an approaching Confederate regiment. Both camps were quickly abandoned. Camp Hunter was briefly occupied by the Confederate force. After the Confederate force and possibly
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The white soldiers were at first skeptical of the abilities of the Home Guards. They wore mismatched uniforms and wore stovepipe hats, looking little like soldiers. Their ponies were so small the riders' feet almost touched the ground when they rode. Someone said it appeared the
Indians were
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As soon as both camps were established, action was taken to uproot a guerrilla camp commanded by Capt. Thomas
Livingston. The camp was overrun, but Livingston and his men escaped. Further attempts to capture or destroy the guerrilla force ended in failure. When attacked, the guerrillas would
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The area where the Indian camp was located was flat ground. Little is known about the camp. Hugh
Thompson, who was stationed as a scout in the area, said 6,000 men were stationed between the Indian camp and Camp Hunter in June 1862. The 2nd Regiment of the
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walking as they were riding. However, the
Indians proved themselves well in battle. Their ponies proved useful, as they were well adapted to the summer heat and did not wear out, as did many of the larger horses of the white troops.
46:
A second goal was to provide a good place to rest tired cavalry horses. There was much tall native prairie grass just west of the camps. The troops in the camps were needed to guard the resting horses.
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43:, as much of that entity was held by Indians owing loyalty to the Confederacy. Therefore, wagon trains traveling through the Indian Territory were in danger of being attacked.
36:. This regiment was organized from June 22 to July 18. It took so long to organize because of various political disagreements amongst the government negotiators.
24:, located in what is now the center of the town. The other was the Indian Home Guard Camp, located at Little Five Mile Creek, 1½ miles southeast of Camp Hunter.
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A third goal was to have troops in the area to contest the activities of
Bushwhackers and Confederate Indians who operated in the area.
168:
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The camps at Baxter
Springs were established with three goals in mind. One was to escort wagon trains heading south into
33:
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disappear. It was discovered after the Civil War they had a hidden camp on the border with
Missouri. (See
142:(1885), Series I, Vol. XIII, pp. 305–6; Patricia L. Faust, "Newtonia, Mo., first eng. at," in Faust, ed.,
17:
130:(Washington: Government Printing Office, 1885), Series I, Vol. XIII, p. 94; Col. John Ritchie, report,
146:(New York: Harper & Row, 1986), pp. 530–1; Kyrias, letter, pp. 1–3; Col. William Weer, report,
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In June 1862 two Union camps were established in the vicinity of what is today
126:
Kyrias, "The Civil War in Baxter
Springs," pp. 2–3; Col. Stand Watie, report,
108:
Kyrias, "The Civil War in Baxter
Springs," pp. 1–3; Kyrias, letter, p. 3.
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other Confederates shortly later passed through, neither camp was used again.
138:(1902), Series I, Vol. LIII, p. 784; Col. Tresevant C. Hawpe, report,
134:(1885), Series I, Vol. XIII, p. 661; F. R. Lubbock, report,
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Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War
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was organized there and placed under the command of Col.
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Buildings and structures in Cherokee County, Kansas
117:
Kyrias, "The Civil War in Baxter Springs," pp. 1–2.
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Kyrias, "The Civil War in Baxter Springs," pp. 1–2.
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86:(N.p.: 1926), p. 46; William E. Connelley,
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7:
150:(1885), Series I, Vol. XIII, p. 672.
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184:1862 establishments in Kansas
88:Quantrill and the Border Wars
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84:The History of Fort Riley
169:United States Army posts
148:The War of the Rebellion
140:The War of the Rebellion
136:The War of the Rebellion
132:The War of the Rebellion
128:The War of the Rebellion
18:Baxter Springs, Kansas
56:Livingston's Hideout
82:Woodbury F. Pride,
30:Indian Home Guard
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70:References
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