220:(Now known as Myanmar), which was included in the terms of reference of the Simon Commission, there was strong suspicion either that Burma's unpopular union with India would continue, or that the constitution recommended for Burma by the commission would be less generous than that chosen for India; these suspicions resulted in tension and violence in Burma leading to the rebellion of
132:, and hence feared that the commission would be filled by its members and sympathizers. Hence, the commission was appointed ahead of time, and seven MPs were selected to constitute the promised commission to examine the state of Indian constitutional affairs. He also ensured that there were no Indians in the commission, as he believed the Labour MPs and Indian members would join. The
272:
The
Commission published its 2-volume report in May 1930. The commission proposed to abolish the diarchy, an extension to autonomy of provinces by establishing representative government in provinces. However it allowed the British governors of provinces to retain much of their emergency powers, hence
330:
Clement Attlee was deeply moved by his experience on the commission and endorsed the final report. However, by 1933 he argued that
British rule was alien to India and was unable to make the social and economic reforms necessary for India's progress. He became the British leader most sympathetic to
263:
in
February 1928. The protesters blocked the road in order to prevent the commission members from leaving the railway station. In order to make way for the commission, the local police led by Superintendent James Scott began beating protesters. Lala Lajpat Rai was critically injured and died on 17
239:
on 3 February 1928, its members were confronted by throngs of protesters, although there were also some supporters among the crowds who saw it as the next step on the road to self-governance. A strike began and many people turned out to greet the commission with black flags on which was written
273:
in practice very little autonomy was to be given to the provinces. Most notably the commission's report did not mention dominion status at all. The commission also recommended to retain separate electorates as long as inter-communal tensions between Hindus and
Muslims remained.
177:
wanted to publicize the meetings of the commission with "representative
Moslems" in order to "terrify the immense Hindu population by apprehension that the Commission is being got hold of by the Moslems and may present a report altogether destructive of the Hindu population."
117:. Indian opinion clamored for revision of this form of government, and the Government of India Act 1919 stated that a commission would be appointed after ten years to investigate the progress of the government scheme and suggest new steps for reform. The
44:. The commission arrived in the Indian subcontinent in 1928 to study constitutional reform in British India. One of its members was Clement Attlee, who would later become the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1945 - 1951).
323:, which called for a "responsible" government at the provincial level in India but not at the national levelâthat is a government responsible to the Indian community rather than London. It is the basis of many parts of the
447:
316:
in London regarding this. Although this remained controversial among many conservatives in London, in reality there was no change in
British policy as the promise was very vague and far in the future.
289:
to counter its charges that
Indians could not find a constitutional consensus among themselves. This report advocated that India be given dominion status with complete internal self-government.
139:
too supported the decision to exclude
Indians as he too thought they would vote together with the Labour MPs but also because he thought the Indian representatives would fight each other.
992:
2301:
415:
60:
had declared that a commission would be sent to India after ten years to examine the effects and operations of the constitutional reforms and to suggest further reforms.
2291:
142:
Some people in India were outraged and insulted that the Simon
Commission, which was to determine the future of India, did not include a single Indian member. The
1242:
803:
719:
544:
2306:
2276:
2286:
1500:
985:
2321:
405:
1304:
2326:
344:
2346:
1505:
368:
1444:
63:
In
November 1927, the British government appointed the Simon Commission two years ahead of schedule. The commission was strongly opposed by the
2433:
2296:
2249:
358:
2423:
1551:
978:
779:
744:
695:
638:
520:
491:"Dr. Ambedkar and Simon Commission â Evidence of Dr. Ambedkar before the Indian Statutory Commission - Velivada - Educate, Agitate, Organize"
377:
189:. An All-India Committee for Cooperation with the Simon Commission was established by the Council of India and by selection of the Viceroy,
2377:
1022:
391:
174:
155:
121:
401:
331:
Indian independence (as a dominion), preparing him for his role in deciding on Indian independence as British Prime Minister in 1947.
2271:
2266:
915:
884:
828:
665:
474:
327:. In 1937 the first elections were held in the Provinces, resulting in Congress Governments being returned in almost all Provinces.
2281:
1194:
301:
136:
1434:
1424:
1389:
313:
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53:
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929:
340:
41:
102:. He suffered a brutal police beating during the protest and died of his injuries eighteen days later on 17 November 1928.
2367:
2336:
2387:
2043:
1394:
1001:
320:
227:
The commission found that the education was being denied to the untouchables who were ill-treated in the name of caste.
206:
159:
118:
106:
1269:
181:
However opinion was divided, with support for co-operation coming from some members of the Muslim League and also both
2233:
1620:
945:
373:
1429:
1968:
1520:
1237:
1232:
297:
in response to the Nehru Report. The Fourteen Points consisted of Muslim's minimum demands from the British Rule.
1943:
1640:
1515:
1354:
1294:
294:
2228:
2203:
1740:
1439:
1419:
1279:
1139:
1097:
143:
68:
300:
By the time it was published the commission was already overshadowed by a declaration by the Viceroy of India
490:
1948:
1918:
1655:
1635:
1470:
1379:
1102:
1092:
1082:
1072:
876:
409:
381:
163:
125:
64:
561:
Nair, Neeti (May 2009). "Bhagat Singh as 'Satyagrahi': The Limits to Non-violence in Late Colonial India".
2438:
2428:
2173:
2083:
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1319:
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1150:
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260:
88:
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1923:
1868:
1700:
1660:
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1314:
1264:
1252:
1129:
251:
One protest against the Simon Commission became infamous. On 30 October 1928, the Commission arrived at
2223:
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2113:
2058:
2003:
1888:
1793:
1750:
1705:
1625:
1525:
1369:
1274:
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241:
844:
Howard, Brasted; Bridge, Carl (1988). "The British Labour Party and Indian Nationalism, 1907â1947".
2208:
2153:
2038:
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1928:
1908:
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1605:
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324:
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186:
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80:
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1983:
1973:
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where it was met by protesters waving black flags. The protest was led by the Indian nationalist
84:
57:
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1953:
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129:
905:
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2143:
2118:
2108:
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1958:
1903:
1898:
1788:
1710:
1535:
1490:
1475:
1399:
1374:
1107:
1047:
1009:
960:
853:
570:
387:
194:
162:, to draft a constitution that would be acceptable to the Indian populace. A faction of the
133:
72:
248:. Similar protests occurred in every major Indian city that the seven British MPs visited.
17:
2351:
2341:
2243:
2148:
2093:
2008:
1988:
1808:
1778:
1773:
1730:
1720:
1685:
1680:
1645:
1570:
1495:
1334:
1057:
609:
427:
256:
235:
The Simon Commission left England in January 1928. Almost immediately with Its arrival in
202:
182:
95:
83:, because it contained only British members and no Indians. However, it was supported by
2183:
2133:
2123:
2103:
2068:
2028:
2013:
1735:
1665:
1650:
1590:
1580:
1409:
1299:
1169:
1144:
1119:
1017:
940:
604:
354:
76:
40:, was a group of seven members of the British Parliament under the chairmanship of Sir
2417:
2128:
2053:
2018:
1978:
1893:
1863:
1853:
1838:
1725:
1695:
1675:
1404:
630:
590:
282:
114:
2331:
2218:
1848:
1813:
1803:
1745:
1545:
1449:
1359:
1349:
1114:
1042:
1027:
308:) as the British government's final policy goal always being India's attainment of
304:
on 31 October 1929 which reinterpreted the 1917 declaration (which had led to the
286:
259:, who had moved a resolution against the Commission in the Legislative Assembly of
198:
965:
655:
1938:
1818:
1510:
1289:
1037:
210:
970:
2188:
1963:
1913:
1828:
1480:
1364:
1199:
857:
754:
705:
574:
190:
789:
530:
2168:
2063:
2023:
1998:
1933:
1595:
1585:
1485:
466:
734:
685:
769:
510:
1530:
1174:
309:
221:
582:
1690:
151:
110:
52:
The commission was constituted because at the time of introducing the
1214:
252:
236:
147:
99:
128:
government was facing imminent electoral defeat at the hands of the
771:
Keeping the jewel in the crown : the British betrayal of India
512:
Keeping the jewel in the crown : the British betrayal of India
245:
217:
974:
873:
Escape from Empire: Attlee Government and the Indian Problem
201:, Nawab Ali Khan, Shivdev Singh Uberoi, Zulfiqar Ali Khan,
687:
Jinnah : his successes, failures and role in history
264:
November 1928 due to the head injuries he had sustained.
27:
Report on possible constitutional reform in British India
910:. Routledge reprint of 1930 first edition. p. 11.
293:
declared the report as "Hindu Document" and presented
281:
In September 1928, ahead of the commission's release,
154:), resolved to boycott the Commission and challenged
2360:
2259:
1764:
1561:
1458:
1223:
1160:
1008:
939:(1936) covers Raj 1910-35 pp 80â84, 282â91, 455-64
736:
Jinnah: his successes, failures and role in history
416:
Donald Howard, 3rd Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal
244:led the demonstrations against Simon Commission in
926:Retrospect: The sex of the Rt. Hon. Viscount Simon
739:. Penguin Random House India. pp. Chapter 6.
660:. Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. p. 120.
986:
173:In face of the opposition from the Congress,
8:
319:The outcome of the Simon Commission was the
1501:Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
993:
979:
971:
846:South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
802:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
718:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
654:Nehru Memorial Museum and Library (2003).
543:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
170:, also decided to boycott the commission.
71:, and prominent Indian leaders including
98:led a protest against the commission in
439:
369:Harry Levy-Lawson, 1st Viscount Burnham
795:
711:
556:
554:
536:
231:Protests and death of Lala Lajpat Rai
193:. The members of the committee were:
7:
966:Simon Commission Report Volumes 1-17
679:
677:
504:
502:
500:
448:"Simon Report | Making Britain"
961:Story of Pakistan: Simon Commission
774:. Edinburgh. pp. Chapter 13.
515:. Edinburgh. pp. Chapter 11.
146:, at its December 1927 meeting in
25:
657:NMML Manuscripts: An Introduction
1195:Muslim nationalism in South Asia
823:. PHI Learning. pp. 20â21.
1435:Provisional Government of India
690:. Gurgaon. pp. Chapter 5.
461:Andrews, Charles Freer (1930).
209:, Kikabhai Premchand and Prof.
820:Indian Government and Politics
1:
2434:Commissions in Colonial India
312:status. He also called for a
109:had introduced the system of
94:Prominent Indian nationalist
2424:Indian independence movement
2044:Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari
1320:Chauri Chaura incident, 1922
1002:Indian independence movement
321:Government of India Act 1935
207:Abdullah Al-Mamun Suhrawardy
160:Secretary of State for India
119:Secretary of State for India
107:Government of India Act 1919
2234:Virendranath Chattopadhyaya
1621:Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty
937:The Reign of King George V,
871:Moore, Robin James (1983).
113:to govern the provinces of
34:Indian Statutory Commission
18:Indian Statutory Commission
2455:
1969:Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi
1521:Indian Independence League
1238:Partition of Bengal (1947)
1233:Partition of Bengal (1905)
907:India and the Simon Report
463:India and the Simon Report
306:Mortagu-Chelmsford reforms
91:and Chaudhary Chhotu Ram.
54:MontaguâChelmsford Reforms
2144:Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi
1944:Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi
1641:Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
1516:Indian Home Rule movement
1355:Fourteen Points of Jinnah
1295:Jallianwala Bagh massacre
858:10.1080/00856408808723113
575:10.1017/s0026749x08003491
335:Members of the Commission
295:Fourteen Points of Jinnah
2383:Indian annexation of Goa
2229:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
1741:Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
1506:Indian National Congress
1305:Non-cooperation movement
924:Simon, John Allsebrook.
626:The Rediscovery of India
144:Indian National Congress
69:Indian National Congress
2388:Indian Independence Act
1974:Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
1949:Jatindra Mohan Sengupta
1919:Dukkipati Nageswara Rao
1656:Kandukuri Veeresalingam
1636:Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai
1471:All-India Muslim League
1425:Royal Air Force strikes
1390:Round table conferences
1380:Chittagong armoury raid
1270:HinduâGerman Conspiracy
1253:Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy
1023:Porto Grande de Bengala
877:Oxford University Press
733:Ahmed, Ishtiaq (2020).
684:Ahmed, Ishtiaq (2020).
623:Desai, Meghnad (2011).
124:feared that the ruling
2174:Syama Prasad Mukherjee
2079:Purushottam Das Tandon
1445:Praja Mandala movement
1259:The Indian Sociologist
904:Andrews, C.F. (2017).
314:round-table conference
89:Periyar E. V. Ramasamy
2398:Political integration
2139:Shyamji Krishna Varma
1924:Gopal Krishna Gokhale
1869:Bhupendra Kumar Datta
1701:Rettamalai Srinivasan
1661:Mahadev Govind Ranade
1466:All India Kisan Sabha
1430:Coup d'Ă©tat of Yanaon
1330:Qissa Khwani massacre
1315:Coolie-Begar movement
1130:Second Anglo-Sikh War
768:Reid, Walter (2016).
509:Reid, Walter (2016).
2224:Veeran Sundaralingam
2179:Tara Rani Srivastava
2114:Sahajanand Saraswati
2004:Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi
1889:Chandra Shekhar Azad
1794:Alluri Sitarama Raju
1751:Vitthal Ramji Shinde
1706:Sahajanand Saraswati
1626:Gopal Ganesh Agarkar
1526:Indian National Army
1370:Dharasana Satyagraha
1275:Champaran Satyagraha
1125:First Anglo-Sikh War
563:Modern Asian Studies
242:Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi
36:, also known as the
2209:V. K. Krishna Menon
2154:Subhas Chandra Bose
2039:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
2034:Mohammad Ali Jauhar
1929:Govind Ballabh Pant
1909:Dayananda Saraswati
1834:Bal Gangadhar Tilak
1631:Gopal Hari Deshmukh
1611:Dhondo Keshav Karve
1606:Dayananda Saraswati
1601:Bal Gangadhar Tilak
1576:A. Vaidyanatha Iyer
1089:Anglo-Maratha Wars
817:Ghosh, Peu (2012).
493:. 3 September 2019.
325:Indian Constitution
187:Central Sikh League
185:and members of the
168:Mohammed Ali Jinnah
2393:Partition of India
2239:Yashwantrao Holkar
2204:V. O. Chidamabaram
2159:Subramania Bharati
2089:Rahul Sankrityayan
2074:Pritilata Waddedar
1984:Shri Krishna Singh
1884:C. Rajagopalachari
1874:Bidhan Chandra Roy
1859:Bhavabhushan Mitra
1844:Begum Hazrat Mahal
1799:Annapurna Maharana
1671:Muthulakshmi Reddy
1616:G. Subramania Iyer
1310:Christmas Day Plot
1185:Indian nationalism
1135:Sannyasi rebellion
1033:East India Company
947:The New York Times
85:Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
58:British Government
2411:
2410:
2378:Republic of India
2214:Vallabhbhai Patel
2199:Ubaidullah Sindhi
2099:Ram Prasad Bismil
1994:M. Bhaktavatsalam
1954:Jatindra Nath Das
1879:Bipin Chandra Pal
1814:Babu Kunwar Singh
1784:Achyut Patwardhan
1541:Khudai Khidmatgar
1385:GandhiâIrwin Pact
1325:Kakori conspiracy
1285:Rowlatt Committee
1248:Direct Action Day
1210:Swadeshi movement
1190:Khilafat Movement
1180:Hindu nationalism
1140:Rebellion of 1857
1063:Anglo-Mysore Wars
1053:Battle of Plassey
781:978-0-85790-900-8
746:978-0-670-09052-5
697:978-0-670-09052-5
640:978-8-18475-566-4
522:978-0-85790-900-8
240:'Simon Go Back'.
16:(Redirected from
2446:
2403:Simla Conference
2194:Tiruppur Kumaran
2164:Subramaniya Siva
2119:Sangolli Rayanna
2109:Rash Behari Bose
2049:Nagnath Naikwadi
1959:Jawaharlal Nehru
1904:Dadabhai Naoroji
1899:Chittaranjan Das
1789:A. K. Fazlul Huq
1711:Savitribai Phule
1536:Khaksar movement
1491:Berlin Committee
1476:Anushilan Samiti
1440:Independence Day
1400:Aundh Experiment
1375:Vedaranyam March
1280:Kheda Satyagraha
1265:Singapore Mutiny
1048:Portuguese India
995:
988:
981:
972:
935:Somervell, D.C.
921:
891:
890:
868:
862:
861:
841:
835:
834:
814:
808:
807:
801:
793:
765:
759:
758:
730:
724:
723:
717:
709:
681:
672:
671:
651:
645:
644:
620:
614:
601:
595:
594:
558:
549:
548:
542:
534:
506:
495:
494:
487:
481:
480:
458:
452:
451:
444:
388:Vernon Hartshorn
195:C. Sankaran Nair
134:Viceroy of India
38:Simon Commission
21:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2414:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2368:Cabinet Mission
2356:
2260:British leaders
2255:
2244:Yogendra Shukla
2149:Siraj ud-Daulah
2104:Rani Lakshmibai
2094:Rajendra Prasad
2084:R. Venkataraman
2029:Mithuben Petitâ
2009:Mahadaji Shinde
1989:Lala Lajpat Rai
1824:Bahadur Shah II
1809:Ashfaqulla Khan
1779:Accamma Cherian
1774:Abul Kalam Azad
1766:
1760:
1731:Syed Ahmad Khan
1721:Sister Nivedita
1686:Pandita Ramabai
1681:Niralamba Swami
1646:J. B. Kripalani
1571:Ashfaqulla Khan
1563:
1557:
1496:Ghadar Movement
1454:
1335:Flag Satyagraha
1243:Revolutionaries
1225:
1219:
1162:
1156:
1058:Battle of Buxar
1004:
999:
957:
918:
903:
900:
898:Further reading
895:
894:
887:
870:
869:
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843:
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816:
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698:
683:
682:
675:
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653:
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633:. p. 210.
622:
621:
617:
613:(London, 1938).
610:Trials in Burma
602:
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560:
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523:
508:
507:
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488:
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477:
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428:Delhi Statement
424:
402:George Lane-Fox
337:
279:
270:
268:Recommendations
257:Lala Lajpat Rai
233:
203:Hari Singh Gour
183:Hindu Mahasabha
156:Lord Birkenhead
96:Lala Lajpat Rai
50:
28:
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22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2184:Tarak Nath Das
2181:
2176:
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2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2134:Shuja-ud-Daula
2131:
2126:
2124:Sarojini Naidu
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2069:Prafulla Chaki
2066:
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2056:
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2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2014:Mahatma Gandhi
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
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1881:
1876:
1871:
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1856:
1851:
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1841:
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1831:
1826:
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1806:
1801:
1796:
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1781:
1776:
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1768:
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1759:
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1738:
1736:Vakkom Moulavi
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1708:
1703:
1698:
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2373:Constitution
2361:Independence
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2219:Vanchinathan
1849:Bhagat Singh
1804:Annie Besant
1765:Independence
1746:Vinoba Bhave
1550:
1546:Swaraj Party
1450:Lucknow Pact
1360:Purna Swaraj
1350:Nehru Report
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1161:Philosophies
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1115:Polygar Wars
1043:French India
1028:Dutch Bengal
1018:Colonisation
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382:Conservative
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199:Arthur Froom
197:(chairman),
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130:Labour Party
126:Conservative
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33:
31:
29:
2317:Mountbatten
1939:Hemu Kalani
1819:Bagha Jatin
1756:Vivekananda
1511:India House
1395:Act of 1935
1170:Ambedkarism
1038:British Raj
941:online free
351:, chairman)
345:Spen Valley
211:M. C. Rajah
2418:Categories
2347:Linlithgow
2287:Chelmsford
2277:Cornwallis
2189:Tatya Tope
2059:Nana Saheb
1964:K. Kamaraj
1914:Dhan Singh
1829:Bakht Khan
1481:Arya Samaj
1415:Quit India
1365:Salt March
1224:Events and
1200:Satyagraha
932:pp 144â61.
875:. Oxford:
755:1257031805
706:1257031805
465:. London:
434:References
302:Lord Irwin
191:Lord Irwin
137:Lord Irwin
48:Background
42:John Simon
2322:Wellesley
2307:Dalhousie
2169:Surya Sen
2064:P. Kakkan
2024:Mir Qasim
1999:M. N. Roy
1934:Har Dayal
1767:activists
1596:Baba Amte
1586:Ayyankali
1564:reformers
1486:Azad Hind
1226:movements
1205:Socialism
798:cite book
790:949753978
714:cite book
603:See e.g.
591:143725577
539:cite book
531:949753978
467:Routledge
404:, MP for
390:, MP for
376:, MP for
359:Limehouse
357:, MP for
343:, MP for
277:Aftermath
175:F.E Smith
166:, led by
122:F.E Smith
2352:Hastings
2312:Bentinck
1531:Jugantar
1175:Gandhism
583:20488099
422:See also
378:Finchley
310:dominion
222:Saya San
67:and the
2272:Canning
1691:Periyar
1340:Bardoli
1108:Gwalior
1010:History
928:(1952)
349:Liberal
152:Chennai
111:diarchy
2342:Cripps
2337:Outram
2327:Lytton
2292:Curzon
2267:Wavell
1562:Social
1215:Swaraj
1098:Second
1083:Fourth
1073:Second
930:online
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396:Labour
392:Ogmore
363:Labour
291:Jinnah
261:Punjab
253:Lahore
237:Bombay
158:, the
148:Madras
100:Lahore
81:Jinnah
79:, and
77:Gandhi
2332:Clive
2302:Minto
2297:Ripon
2282:Irwin
1716:Shahu
1103:Third
1093:First
1078:Third
1068:First
587:S2CID
579:JSTOR
246:Patna
218:Burma
150:(now
73:Nehru
2250:more
1552:more
1151:more
912:ISBN
881:ISBN
825:ISBN
804:link
786:OCLC
776:ISBN
751:OCLC
741:ISBN
720:link
702:OCLC
692:ISBN
662:ISBN
635:ISBN
545:link
527:OCLC
517:ISBN
471:ISBN
105:The
32:The
854:doi
571:doi
216:In
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361:(
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