2378:
623:
611:
2012:
42:
599:
391:
2485:
2725:
2006:
399:
382:, which may cause shooting pain or a sensation of burning. Sciatic nerve damage can also affect a person's ability to move their foot on the affected side, and other parts of the body controlled by the nerve. Damage to the sciatic nerve can be prevented by using the ventrogluteal site instead, and by selecting an appropriate size and length of needle for the injection.
2547:
307:
2251:
640:
Some populations require a different injection site, needle length, or technique. In very young or weak elderly patients, a normal-length needle may be too long to inject properly. In these patients, a shorter needle is indicated to avoid injecting too deeply. It is also recommended to consider using
1525:
It has previously been recommended to aspirate before injection with Covid-19 vaccines in relation to investigation of a possible connection between injection with
Vaxzevria® and the occurrence of rare and serious side effects. However, this is no longer a recommendation and Covid-19 vaccines can be
560:
recommends against using this site, many healthcare providers still use this site, often due to a lack of knowledge about alternative sites for injection. This site is located by dividing the buttock into four using a cross shape, and administering the injection in the upper outer quadrant. This is
479:
The deltoid muscle in the outer portion of the upper arm is used for injections of small volume, usually equal to or less than 1 mL. This includes most intramuscular vaccinations. It is not recommended to use the deltoid for repeated injections due to its small area, which makes it difficult to
326:
in preparing the injection and sanitizing the injection site before administration. Intramuscular injections may also cause an abscess or gangrene at the injection site, depending on the specific medication and amount administered. There is also a risk of nerve or vascular injury if a nerve or blood
297:
and for this reason other methods of administration are preferred in such instances. In people with an active myocardial infarction, the decrease in circulation may result in slower absorption from an IM injection. Specific sites of administration may also be contraindicated if the desired injection
697:
began to be injected into muscles to intentionally paralyze them for therapeutic reasons, and later for cosmetic reasons. Until the 2000s, aspiration after inserting the needle was recommended as a safety measure, to ensure the injection was being administered in a muscle and not inadvertently in a
430:
The injection site is first cleaned using an antimicrobial and allowed to dry. The injection is performed in a quick, darting motion perpendicular to the skin, at an angle between 72 and 90 degrees. The practitioner will stabilize the needle with one hand while using their other hand to depress the
470:
The Z-track method is a method of administering an IM injection that prevents the medication being tracked through the subcutaneous tissue, sealing the medication in the muscle, and minimizing irritation from the medication. Using the Z-track technique, the skin is pulled laterally, away from the
277:
depend in large part on the medication being administered. Injections of medications are necessarily more invasive than other forms of administration such as by mouth or topical and require training to perform appropriately, without which complications can arise regardless of the medication being
1463:
However, it is not recommended to aspirate before intramuscular and subcutaneous vaccine injection provided that the vaccine is placed in the appropriate place … does not involve the risk of injecting intravenously because there are no large blood vessels in these sites. Aspiration can cause the
210:
as it must still be absorbed from the muscle, which occurs over time. An intramuscular injection is less invasive than an intravenous injection and also generally takes less time, as the site of injection (a muscle versus a vein) is much larger. Medications administered in the muscle may also be
671:
Injections into muscular tissue may have taken place as early as the year 500 AD. Beginning in the late 1800s, the procedure began to be described in more detail and techniques began to be developed by physicians. In the early days of intramuscular injections, the procedure was performed almost
676:
in the middle of the 20th century, nurses began preparing equipment for intramuscular injections as part of their delegated duties from physicians, and by 1961 they had "essentially taken over the procedure". Until this delegation became virtually universal, there were no uniform procedures or
583:
431:
plunger to slowly inject the medication – a rapid injection causes more discomfort. The needle is withdrawn at the same angle inserted. Gentle pressure may be applied with gauze if bleeding occurs. Pressure or gentle massage of the muscle following injection may reduce the risk of pain.
347:. In rare cases when not performed properly, the injection may result in shoulder dysfunction. The most frequent complications of a deltoid injection include pain, redness, and inflammation around the injection site, which are almost always mild and last only a few days at most.
162:
of the thigh is commonly used. The injection site must be cleaned before administering the injection, and the injection is then administered in a fast, darting motion to decrease the discomfort to the individual. The volume to be injected in the muscle is usually limited to 2–5
327:
vessel is inadvertently hit during injection. If single-use or sterilized equipment is not used, there is the risk of transmission of infectious disease between users, or to a practitioner who inadvertently injures themselves with a used needle, termed a
451:, as the injection sites do not contain large blood vessels and aspiration results in greater pain. There is no evidence that aspiration is useful to increase safety of intramuscular injections when injecting in a site other than the dorsogluteal site.
278:
administered. For this reason, unless there are desired differences in rate of absorption, time to onset, or other pharmacokinetic parameters in the specific situation, a less invasive form of drug administration (usually by mouth) is preferred.
238:, are commonly administered via intramuscular injection. However, it has been estimated that for every vaccine injected intramuscularly, 20 injections are given to administer drugs or other therapy. This can include medications such as
501:
The ventrogluteal site on the hip is used for injections which require a larger volume to be administered, greater than 1 mL, and for medications which are known to be irritating, viscous, or oily. It is also used to administer
426:
muscles. Sites that are bruised, tender, red, swollen, inflamed or scarred are generally avoided. The specific medication and amount being administered will influence the decision of the specific muscle chosen for injection.
194:. While historically aspiration, or pulling back on the syringe before injection, was recommended to prevent inadvertent administration into a vein, it is no longer recommended for most injection sites by some countries.
1419:
223:
purposes. Disadvantages of intramuscular administration include skill and technique required, pain from injection, anxiety or fear (especially in children), and difficulty in self-administration which limits its use in
648:
in the United States recommends using distractions, giving something sweet, and rocking the baby side to side. In people who are overweight, a 1.5-inch needle may be used to ensure the injection is given below the
293:, as these conditions may alter the absorption of the medication. The damage to the muscle caused by an intramuscular injections may interfere with the accuracy of certain cardiac tests for people with suspected
298:
site has an infection, swelling, or inflammation. Within a specific site of administration, the injection should not be given directly over irritation or redness, birthmarks or moles, or areas with scar tissue.
692:
in 1927. By the 1970s, researchers and instructors began forming guidance on injection site and technique to reduce the risk of injection complications and side effects such as pain. Also in the early 1970s,
1435:
Aspiration before injection of vaccine is not recommended, as there are no large blood vessels at the recommended immunization sites and not aspirating before injection has been demonstrated to reduce pain.
1923:
1345:Şanlialp Zeyrek A, Takmak Ş, Kurban NK, Arslan S (December 2019). "Systematic review and meta-analysis: Physical-procedural interventions used to reduce pain during intramuscular injections in adults".
1189:
The Joanna Briggs
Institute. Recommended Practice. Injection: Intramuscular. The Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Database, from the JBI@Ovid database, published 2019; JBI2138. Accessed on 12 September 2020.
663:-inch needle may be used for people who weigh under 60 kilograms (130 lb). In any case, the skin does not need to be pinched up before injecting when the appropriate length needle is used.
471:
injection site, before the injection; then the medication is injected, the needle is withdrawn, and the skin is released. This method can be used if the overlying tissue can be displaced.
1140:
Martín Arias L, Sanz
Fadrique R, Sáinz Gil M, Salgueiro-Vazquez M (September 2017). "Risk of bursitis and other injuries and dysfunctions of the shoulder following vaccinations".
1916:
1476:
537:
into thirds vertically and horizontally to form nine squares; the injection is administered in the outer middle square. This site is also the usual site of administration for
202:
Intramuscular injection is commonly used for medication administration. Medication administered in the muscle is generally quickly absorbed in the bloodstream, and avoids the
1995:
1909:
167:, depending on injection site. A site with signs of infection or muscle atrophy should not be chosen. Intramuscular injections should not be used in people with
533:
site is used for infants less than 7 months old and people who are unable to walk or who have loss of muscular tone. The site is located by dividing the front
645:
1395:
440:
981:
698:
vein. However, this is no longer recommended as evidence shows no safety benefit and it lengthens the time taken for injection, which causes more pain.
285:
or clotting problems, to prevent harm due to potential damage to blood vessels during the injection. They are also not recommended in people who are in
561:
the only intramuscular injection site for which aspiration is recommended of the syringe before injection, due to higher likelihood of accidental
225:
526:, and may be located using a hand as a guide. The ventrogluteal site is less painful for injection than other sites such as the deltoid site.
1326:
1298:
1261:
1070:
825:
800:
770:
406:
An intramuscular injection can be administered in multiple different muscles of the body. Common sites for intramuscular injection include:
448:
1447:
2280:
1496:
The Danish Health and
Medicines Authority's guidelines have long recommended this, and now the Statens Serum Institut is following suit.
484:, and injecting in the area which forms an upside down triangle with its base at the acromion process and its midpoint in line with the
1017:
Nicoll LH, Hesby A (August 2002). "Intramuscular injection: An integrative research review and guideline for evidence-based practice".
1484:
556:. Many injections in this site do not penetrate deep enough under the skin to be correctly administered in the muscle. While current
2903:
677:
education for nurses in proper administration of intramuscular injections, and complications from improper injection were common.
1862:
1539:
2361:
1509:
444:
86:
52:
2377:
2913:
2458:
2301:
519:
322:
or other organisms present in the environment or on the skin before the injection. This risk is minimized by using proper
2832:
2794:
2137:
1953:
1762:"Lessons learned and applied: what the 20th century vaccine experience can teach us about vaccines in the 21st century"
462:
for a time to investigate the potential rare risk of blot clotting and bleeding, but it is no longer a recommendation.
2898:
2746:
1738:
2774:
2343:
178:
around the injection site. These side effects are generally mild and last no more than a few days at most. Rarely,
1088:"Best vaccination practice and medically attended injection site events following deltoid intramuscular injection"
2822:
2751:
2338:
2285:
2119:
707:
215:, which provide slow, continuous release of medicine over a longer period of time. Certain substances, including
622:
610:
2918:
2871:
2741:
2115:
1890:
538:
259:
72:
1730:
2769:
974:
310:
Using safety needles that prevent more than one use and accidental injections ensures sterility and prevents
2779:
2578:
2410:
2142:
2063:
1990:
1932:
557:
455:
419:
159:
186:. If proper technique is not followed, intramuscular injections can result in localized infections such as
2807:
2761:
2703:
2609:
2476:
2083:
1957:
719:
488:. An injection into the deltoid muscle is commonly administered using a 1-inch long needle, but may use a
136:
1640:
Cocoman A, Murray J (October 2010). "Recognizing the evidence and changing practice on injection sites".
2908:
2817:
2698:
2111:
1241:
750:
729:
724:
415:
294:
220:
203:
144:
140:
1886:
131:
of medications. Intramuscular injection may be preferred because muscles have larger and more numerous
350:
The dorsogluteal site of injection is associated with a higher risk of skin and tissue trauma, muscle
2662:
2507:
2425:
2370:
2290:
2275:
2078:
311:
480:
space out injections from each other. The deltoid site is located by locating the lower edge of the
2715:
2452:
2333:
2328:
2048:
1944:
650:
562:
541:, which are used in the outer thigh, corresponding to the location of the vastus lateralis muscle.
251:
235:
2011:
41:
2789:
2583:
2538:
2235:
1980:
1370:
351:
328:
273:
Because an intramuscular injection can be used to administer many types of medications, specific
1613:
Farley HF, Joyce N, Long B, Roberts R (December 1986). "Will that IM needle reach the muscle?".
544:
The dorsogluteal site of the buttock site is not routinely used due to its location near major
2639:
2634:
2472:
2213:
1975:
1844:
1793:
1709:
1657:
1622:
1595:
1362:
1322:
1294:
1257:
1222:
1157:
1119:
1066:
1034:
955:
908:
872:
821:
796:
766:
394:
An intramuscular injection is performed perpendicular to the skin, close to a 90 degree angle.
323:
286:
116:
62:
932:
2573:
1834:
1824:
1783:
1773:
1699:
1691:
1649:
1587:
1389:
1354:
1249:
1212:
1149:
1109:
1099:
1026:
947:
862:
854:
758:
530:
481:
459:
439:
Aspirating for blood to rule out injecting into a blood vessel is not recommended by the US
282:
274:
1896:
1293:(7th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health and Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
398:
2463:
694:
598:
411:
212:
207:
1901:
933:"Aspirating during the intramuscular injection procedure: a systematic literature review"
390:
2524:
2484:
2157:
1839:
1812:
1788:
1761:
1704:
1679:
1591:
1253:
1114:
1087:
867:
842:
762:
589:
553:
407:
344:
290:
243:
182:
or blood vessels around the injection site can be damaged, resulting in severe pain or
155:
151:
17:
1678:
Beirne PV, Hennessy S, Cadogan SL, Shiely F, Fitzgerald T, MacLeod F (9 August 2018).
339:
Injections into the deltoid site in the arm can result in unintentional damage to the
2892:
2733:
2667:
2589:
2558:
2323:
2152:
1557:
1374:
423:
379:
2724:
582:
2708:
2644:
2629:
2604:
2442:
2162:
2005:
1695:
1653:
545:
340:
262:
175:
132:
1153:
1104:
318:
As an injection necessitates piercing the skin, there is a risk of infection from
306:
2876:
1731:"ACIP Vaccine Administration Guidelines for Immunization | Recommendations | CDC"
206:
which occurs with oral administration. The medication may not be considered 100%
78:
46:
A healthcare worker preparing to administer a vaccine via intramuscular injection
2802:
2690:
2563:
2519:
2497:
2415:
2385:
2319:
2168:
2107:
1936:
1562:
900:
673:
523:
507:
355:
255:
795:(Sixth ed.). Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.
2686:
2657:
2217:
2191:
2053:
1388:
JoEllen
Wolicki, Elaine Miller (25 September 2019). "Vaccine Administration".
681:
515:
378:. Furthermore, injection in the gluteal muscle poses a risk for damage to the
239:
164:
128:
1217:
1200:
843:"Drug injection practices among high-risk youths: the first shot of ketamine"
680:
Intramuscular injections began to be used for administration of vaccines for
2296:
2186:
2038:
2028:
1030:
858:
685:
641:
the anterolateral thigh as an injection site in infants under one year old.
367:
183:
143:. Medication administered via intramuscular injection is not subject to the
2546:
1848:
1797:
1713:
1661:
1599:
1366:
1226:
1161:
1123:
1038:
959:
912:
876:
755:
McDonald and Avery's
Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent (Tenth Edition)
174:
Intramuscular injections commonly result in pain, redness, and swelling or
1626:
1464:
vaccination to be more painful because it takes longer to give the vaccine
644:
To help infants and children cooperate with injection administration, the
2838:
2827:
2619:
2599:
2594:
2568:
2512:
2405:
2395:
2390:
2147:
2093:
2058:
2043:
1985:
1829:
511:
503:
402:
Comparison of angle of intramuscular injection with other injection types
375:
359:
319:
216:
191:
168:
124:
2624:
2553:
2492:
2437:
2432:
2400:
2240:
2196:
2073:
951:
689:
371:
247:
231:
187:
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1358:
98:
2614:
2534:
2447:
2267:
2178:
2068:
2033:
2020:
1778:
1065:(Seventh ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
847:
Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York
Academy of Medicine
566:
485:
120:
1680:"Needle size for vaccination procedures in children and adolescents"
1321:(Sixth ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer. pp. 39–40.
791:
Spruill W, Wade W, DiPiro JT, Blouin RA, Pruemer JM (5 March 2014).
2250:
975:"EPIPEN®- epinephrine injection, EPIPEN Jr®- epinephrine injection"
628:
Vastus lateralis site of administration in an infant or young child
498:-inch long needle for younger people or very frail elderly people.
2502:
2227:
2129:
2088:
1967:
604:
Ventrogluteal and rectus femoris sites for intramuscular injection
549:
534:
397:
389:
363:
305:
179:
706:
In animals common sites for intramuscular injection include the
518:. The ventrogluteal site is located in a triangle formed by the
1905:
1420:"Vaccine administration practices: Canadian Immunization Guide"
569:, which considers it outdated for any intramuscular injection.
2366:
2311:
281:
Intramuscular injections are generally avoided in people with
1407:
Aspiration is not recommended before administering a vaccine.
2545:
2483:
2376:
1897:
Prevention and
Control of Influenza, Recommendations of ACIP
1291:
Fundamentals of nursing: the art and science of nursing care
565:
in this area. However, aspiration is not recommended by the
135:
than subcutaneous tissue, leading to faster absorption than
1578:
Zimmermann PG (February 2010). "Revisiting IM Injections".
1477:"Covid-19 vacciner skal gives med aspiration før injektion"
751:"Chapter 17 – Pharmacologic Management of Patient Behavior"
150:
Common sites for intramuscular injections include the
672:
exclusively by physicians. After the introduction of
2853:
575:
Sites for administration of intramuscular injections
2857:
2788:
2760:
2732:
2685:
2652:
2533:
2471:
2424:
2360:
2310:
2266:
2226:
2212:
2177:
2128:
2106:
2019:
1966:
1952:
1943:
1319:
Lippincott photo atlas of medication administration
710:, the lumbodorsal muscles, and the triceps muscle.
616:
Vastus lateralis site of administration in an adult
85:
71:
61:
51:
34:
899:Polania Gutierrez JJ, Munakomi S (January 2020).
265:to self-administer epinephrine into the muscle.
1135:
1133:
1917:
1312:
1310:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
8:
646:Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
254:. In a case of severe allergic reaction, or
1510:"Intramuskulær injektion på børn og voksne"
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
2854:
2682:
2223:
2125:
1963:
1949:
1924:
1910:
1902:
1673:
1671:
1544:Clinical Procedures for Safer Patient Care
1340:
1338:
926:
924:
922:
567:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
552:, as well as having inconsistent depth of
40:
1889:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
1838:
1828:
1787:
1777:
1760:Hebert CJ, Hall CM, Odoms LN (May 2012).
1703:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1216:
1205:Journal of International Medical Research
1113:
1103:
894:
892:
890:
888:
886:
866:
816:Wright JC, Burgess DJ (29 January 2012).
1813:"AbobotulinumtoxinA: A 25-Year History"
1766:Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
1725:
1723:
1684:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1483:(in Danish). 2021-03-20. Archived from
1246:Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences
1199:Jung Kim H, Hyun Park S (August 2014).
1092:Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
741:
147:effect which affects oral medications.
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1171:
757:, St. Louis: Mosby, pp. 303–327,
749:Saxen MA (2016-01-01), Dean JA (ed.),
219:, may be injected intramuscularly for
31:
793:Concepts in clinical pharmacokinetics
7:
1811:Monheit GD, Pickett A (1 May 2017).
987:from the original on 1 February 2014
841:Lankenau SE, Clatts MC (June 2004).
2281:Heated humidified high-flow therapy
818:Long acting injections and implants
127:, it is one of several methods for
94:
1863:"SOP: Injections in Dogs and Cats"
1592:10.1097/01.NAJ.0000368058.72729.c6
1526:injected without prior aspiration.
1254:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11099-2
763:10.1016/b978-0-323-28745-6.00017-x
454:Aspiration was recommended by the
25:
1061:Eckman M, ed. (October 9, 2015).
449:Norway Institute of Public Health
2723:
2249:
2010:
2004:
1538:Doyle GR, McCutcheon JA (2015).
1201:"Sciatic nerve injection injury"
621:
609:
597:
592:site for intramuscular injection
581:
171:or those with trouble clotting.
158:of the buttock. In infants, the
1615:The American Journal of Nursing
1242:"Routes of Drug Administration"
27:Medical injection into a muscle
1696:10.1002/14651858.CD010720.pub3
1654:10.12968/bjon.2010.19.18.79050
1540:"7.4 Intramuscular Injections"
1448:"Praktisk info om vaksinasjon"
1424:Public Health Agency of Canada
445:Public Health Agency of Canada
1:
2049:Effervescent powder or tablet
1154:10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.055
1105:10.1080/21645515.2015.1017694
1063:Lippincott Nursing Procedures
520:anterior superior iliac spine
2833:Patient-controlled analgesia
2138:Orally disintegrating tablet
1454:(in Norwegian). 9 April 2008
1739:Centers for Disease Control
1580:American Journal of Nursing
1347:Journal of Advanced Nursing
940:Journal of Clinical Nursing
931:Sisson H (September 2015).
335:Site-specific complications
2935:
2344:Relative analgesia machine
1642:British Journal of Nursing
563:intravenous administration
2721:
2247:
2002:
1887:Injections,+Intramuscular
1817:Aesthetic Surgery Journal
1317:Lynn P, Taylor C (2019).
901:"Intramuscular Injection"
820:. Springer. p. 114.
539:epinephrine autoinjectors
370:, and infections such as
250:such as testosterone and
154:of the upper arm and the
129:parenteral administration
95:
39:
2904:Routes of administration
1933:Routes of administration
1891:Medical Subject Headings
1240:Bolger GT (2018-01-01),
1218:10.1177/0300060514531924
1019:Applied Nursing Research
2459:Extra-amniotic infusion
2064:Molecular encapsulation
1996:Osmotic delivery system
1991:Time release technology
1568:Last revised 03/15/2017
1558:"Epinephrine Injection"
1481:Politik og nyheder, DSR
1031:10.1053/apnr.2002.34142
653:layer of skin, while a
558:evidence-based practice
456:Danish Health Authority
302:Risks and complications
160:vastus lateralis muscle
109:Intramuscular injection
35:Intramuscular injection
18:Injection into a muscle
2762:Central nervous system
2550:
2488:
2416:Mucoadhesive microdisc
2381:
1514:Statens Serum Institut
1086:Cook IF (4 May 2015).
720:Subcutaneous injection
403:
395:
315:
289:, or have myopathy or
258:, a person may use an
141:intradermal injections
119:of a substance into a
2605:Transfersome vesicles
2549:
2487:
2464:Intravesical infusion
2380:
1452:Folkehelseinstituttet
980:. FDA Product Label.
973:Mylan Specialty L.P.
859:10.1093/jurban/jth110
730:Intravenous injection
725:Intradermal injection
401:
393:
309:
295:myocardial infarction
204:first pass metabolism
145:first-pass metabolism
2914:Injection (medicine)
2291:Metered-dose inhaler
2276:Anesthetic vaporizer
946:(17–18): 2368–2375.
588:Diagram showing the
312:needlestick injuries
236:inactivated vaccines
111:, often abbreviated
2716:Transdermal implant
2676:(into tissue/blood)
2453:Intrauterine device
2334:Anaesthetic machine
2329:Oxygen concentrator
1823:(suppl_1): S4–S11.
702:Veterinary medicine
636:Special populations
252:medroxyprogesterone
226:outpatient medicine
2899:Medical treatments
2828:Nanocell injection
2551:
2489:
2382:
2236:Dry-powder inhaler
1830:10.1093/asj/sjw284
1621:(12): 1327, 1331.
952:10.1111/jocn.12824
404:
396:
329:needlestick injury
316:
283:low platelet count
2886:
2885:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2678:
2640:Transdermal spray
2635:Transdermal patch
2625:Medicated shampoo
2356:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2339:Medical inhalants
2286:Medical inhalants
2214:Respiratory tract
2208:
2207:
2102:
2101:
1648:(18): 1170–1174.
1359:10.1111/jan.14183
1353:(12): 3346–3361.
1328:978-1-9751-2136-5
1300:978-0-7817-9383-4
1289:Taylor C (2011).
1263:978-0-12-801238-3
1148:(37): 4870–4876.
1072:978-1-4698-5303-1
827:978-1-4614-0554-2
802:978-1-58528-387-3
772:978-0-323-28745-6
460:COVID-19 vaccines
324:aseptic technique
287:hypovolemic shock
275:contraindications
269:Contraindications
106:
105:
16:(Redirected from
2926:
2855:
2727:
2683:
2674:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2224:
2153:Sublingual drops
2126:
2014:
2008:
1964:
1950:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1903:
1874:
1873:
1867:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1842:
1832:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1791:
1781:
1779:10.4161/hv.19204
1757:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1727:
1718:
1717:
1707:
1675:
1666:
1665:
1637:
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1610:
1604:
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1522:
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1473:
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1379:
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1220:
1196:
1190:
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1127:
1117:
1107:
1098:(5): 1184–1191.
1083:
1077:
1076:
1058:
1043:
1042:
1014:
997:
996:
994:
992:
986:
979:
970:
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963:
937:
928:
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896:
881:
880:
870:
838:
832:
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813:
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806:
788:
782:
781:
780:
779:
746:
662:
661:
657:
625:
613:
601:
585:
531:vastus lateralis
497:
496:
492:
482:acromion process
420:vastus lateralis
213:depot injections
211:administered as
99:edit on Wikidata
81:
44:
32:
21:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2919:Muscular system
2889:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2881:
2866:
2852:
2843:
2823:Intraperitoneal
2795:musculoskeletal
2793:
2784:
2756:
2752:Intra-articular
2728:
2719:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2648:
2529:
2467:
2420:
2365:
2348:
2306:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2245:
2204:
2173:
2098:
2015:
2009:
2000:
1954:Digestive tract
1939:
1930:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1872:. Dec 12, 2017.
1865:
1861:
1860:
1856:
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775:
773:
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716:
704:
695:botulinum toxin
669:
659:
655:
654:
638:
633:
632:
631:
630:
629:
626:
618:
617:
614:
606:
605:
602:
594:
593:
586:
577:
576:
494:
490:
489:
477:
475:Injection sites
468:
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345:axillary nerves
337:
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200:
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2859:
2858:Classification
2849:
2848:
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2842:
2841:
2836:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
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2777:
2772:
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2764:
2758:
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2744:
2742:Intracavernous
2738:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2713:
2712:
2711:
2701:
2696:
2694:
2680:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2544:
2542:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2525:Nutrient enema
2522:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2510:
2500:
2495:
2482:
2480:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2375:
2373:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2316:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2272:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2232:
2230:
2221:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2132:
2123:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2017:
2016:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1970:
1961:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1906:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1882:
1881:External links
1879:
1876:
1875:
1854:
1803:
1752:
1741:. 21 June 2019
1719:
1667:
1632:
1605:
1570:
1549:
1530:
1500:
1468:
1439:
1411:
1380:
1334:
1327:
1306:
1299:
1274:
1262:
1232:
1211:(4): 887–897.
1191:
1167:
1129:
1078:
1071:
1044:
1025:(3): 149–162.
998:
965:
918:
882:
833:
826:
808:
801:
783:
771:
740:
739:
737:
734:
733:
732:
727:
722:
715:
712:
703:
700:
686:whooping cough
668:
665:
637:
634:
627:
620:
619:
615:
608:
607:
603:
596:
595:
587:
580:
579:
578:
574:
573:
572:
571:
554:adipose tissue
476:
473:
467:
466:Z-track method
464:
436:
433:
416:rectus femoris
387:
384:
336:
333:
303:
300:
291:muscle atrophy
270:
267:
244:immunoglobulin
199:
196:
156:gluteal muscle
152:deltoid muscle
104:
103:
96:
93:
92:
89:
83:
82:
75:
69:
68:
65:
59:
58:
55:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2931:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2860:
2856:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2813:Intramuscular
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2791:
2787:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2770:Intracerebral
2768:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
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2731:
2726:
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2702:
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2695:
2692:
2688:
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2664:
2661:
2659:
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2655:
2651:
2646:
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2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
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2601:
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2596:
2593:
2591:
2590:Iontophoresis
2588:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2559:Topical cream
2557:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2481:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2451:
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2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2423:
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2368:
2363:
2359:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2324:Nasal cannula
2321:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2287:
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2242:
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2222:
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2215:
2211:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
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2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
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2109:
2105:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
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2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
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2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2007:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1927:
1922:
1920:
1915:
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1908:
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1895:
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1880:
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1870:Virginia Tech
1864:
1858:
1855:
1850:
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1487:on 2021-03-22
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864:
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687:
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546:blood vessels
542:
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521:
517:
513:
509:
506:medications,
505:
499:
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483:
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450:
446:
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424:ventrogluteal
421:
417:
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385:
383:
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380:sciatic nerve
377:
373:
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233:
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133:blood vessels
130:
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2909:Dosage forms
2870:
2818:Intraosseous
2812:
2808:Intracardiac
2747:Intravitreal
2709:Injector pen
2704:Subcutaneous
2675:
2645:Jet injector
2630:Dermal patch
2443:Vaginal ring
2411:Insufflation
2163:Effervescent
1937:dosage forms
1869:
1857:
1820:
1816:
1806:
1772:(5): 560–8.
1769:
1765:
1755:
1745:12 September
1743:. Retrieved
1734:
1687:
1683:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1618:
1614:
1608:
1586:(2): 60–61.
1583:
1579:
1573:
1561:
1552:
1543:
1533:
1524:
1518:. Retrieved
1513:
1503:
1495:
1489:. Retrieved
1485:the original
1480:
1471:
1462:
1456:. Retrieved
1451:
1442:
1434:
1428:. Retrieved
1426:. 2020-12-02
1423:
1414:
1406:
1401:12 September
1399:. Retrieved
1391:The Pinkbook
1390:
1383:
1350:
1346:
1318:
1290:
1267:, retrieved
1248:, Elsevier,
1245:
1235:
1208:
1204:
1194:
1145:
1141:
1095:
1091:
1081:
1062:
1022:
1018:
989:. Retrieved
968:
943:
939:
904:
850:
846:
836:
817:
811:
792:
786:
776:, retrieved
754:
744:
705:
679:
670:
651:subcutaneous
643:
639:
543:
528:
516:anti-emetics
500:
478:
469:
453:
438:
429:
412:dorsogluteal
405:
349:
338:
317:
280:
272:
263:autoinjector
230:
221:recreational
208:bioavailable
201:
176:inflammation
173:
149:
137:subcutaneous
112:
108:
107:
29:
2803:Intravenous
2790:Circulatory
2775:Intrathecal
2699:Intradermal
2691:transdermal
2658:Parenterals
2564:Topical gel
2520:Murphy drip
2498:Suppository
2386:Nasal spray
2320:Oxygen mask
2169:Chewing gum
2108:Oral mucosa
1735:www.cdc.gov
1563:MedlinePlus
1546:. BCcampus.
1516:(in Danish)
905:StatPearls
674:antibiotics
524:iliac crest
508:antibiotics
356:contracture
260:epinephrine
256:anaphylaxis
240:antibiotics
165:milliliters
2893:Categories
2663:Injections
2426:Urogenital
2362:Ophthalmic
2218:inhalation
2192:Toothpaste
2120:sublingual
2084:Suspension
2054:Herbal tea
1520:2023-10-04
1491:2021-05-25
1458:2021-05-25
1430:2021-05-25
1269:2020-11-25
991:22 January
778:2020-11-25
736:References
708:quadriceps
682:diphtheria
435:Aspiration
169:myopathies
53:ICD-10-PCS
2668:infusions
2600:Liposomes
2396:Eye drops
2391:Ear drops
2302:Vaporizer
2297:Nebulizer
2187:Mouthwash
2116:sublabial
2039:Electuary
2029:Decoction
1375:201786789
684:in 1923,
512:sedatives
386:Technique
372:abscesses
368:paralysis
188:abscesses
184:paralysis
117:injection
115:, is the
2839:PIC line
2780:Epidural
2620:Lip balm
2595:Hydrogel
2586:solution
2569:Liniment
2554:Ointment
2513:Hydrogel
2508:Solution
2493:Ointment
2433:Ointment
2406:Hydrogel
2401:Ointment
2197:Ointment
2158:Lozenges
2148:Lollipop
2094:Tincture
2079:Solution
2059:Hydrogel
2044:Emulsion
1986:Pastille
1849:28388718
1798:22617834
1714:30091147
1662:20948472
1600:20107407
1367:31452229
1227:24920643
1162:28774564
1124:25868476
1039:12173166
982:Archived
960:25871949
913:32310581
877:15136657
714:See also
522:and the
504:narcotic
376:gangrene
362:, nerve
360:hematoma
352:fibrosis
320:bacteria
248:hormones
232:Vaccines
217:ketamine
192:gangrene
125:medicine
63:ICD-9-CM
2877:D007273
2539:topical
2477:enteral
2438:Pessary
2268:Liquids
2241:Smoking
2179:Liquids
2074:Softgel
2021:Liquids
1981:Capsule
1958:enteral
1840:5434488
1789:3495718
1705:6513245
1627:3641525
1142:Vaccine
1115:4514326
868:1852476
690:tetanus
667:History
658:⁄
590:deltoid
493:⁄
408:deltoid
79:D007273
2734:Organs
2615:Lotion
2535:Dermal
2473:Rectal
2448:Douche
2228:Solids
2165:tablet
2130:Solids
2112:buccal
2069:Powder
2034:Elixir
1976:Tablet
1968:Solids
1893:(MeSH)
1847:
1837:
1796:
1786:
1712:
1702:
1660:
1625:
1598:
1508:name.
1373:
1365:
1325:
1297:
1260:
1225:
1160:
1122:
1112:
1069:
1037:
958:
911:
875:
865:
824:
799:
769:
550:nerves
486:armpit
341:radial
246:, and
180:nerves
121:muscle
2610:Cream
2574:Paste
2503:Enema
2455:(IUD)
2371:nasal
2293:(MDI)
2201:Spray
2089:Syrup
1866:(PDF)
1371:S2CID
985:(PDF)
978:(PDF)
936:(PDF)
535:thigh
447:, or
364:palsy
123:. In
97:[
91:96372
57:3E023
2872:MeSH
2835:pump
2687:Skin
2584:DMSO
2579:Film
2367:otic
2322:and
2143:Film
1945:Oral
1845:PMID
1794:PMID
1747:2020
1710:PMID
1688:2018
1658:PMID
1623:PMID
1596:PMID
1403:2020
1363:PMID
1323:ISBN
1295:ISBN
1258:ISBN
1223:PMID
1158:PMID
1120:PMID
1067:ISBN
1035:PMID
993:2014
956:PMID
909:PMID
873:PMID
822:ISBN
797:ISBN
767:ISBN
548:and
529:The
514:and
458:for
422:and
374:and
343:and
198:Uses
190:and
73:MeSH
67:99.1
2312:Gas
1835:PMC
1825:doi
1784:PMC
1774:doi
1700:PMC
1692:doi
1650:doi
1588:doi
1584:110
1396:CDC
1355:doi
1250:doi
1213:doi
1150:doi
1110:PMC
1100:doi
1027:doi
948:doi
863:PMC
855:doi
759:doi
441:CDC
354:or
139:or
87:CPT
2895::
2875::
2369:,
2118:,
2114:,
1935:,
1868:.
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1833:.
1821:37
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113:IM
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2260:0
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660:8
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101:]
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