37:, Johnson contrasts two views of development. According to the first, the maturational hypothesis, the relationship between structure and function (i.e. which parts of the brain perform a particular task) is static, and specific cognitive skills come βon-lineβ as the cortical circuitry intrinsic to a particular task matures. Johnson likens this to a "mosaic" view of development.
75:, which argues against a strong nativist (innate) view on development. Other key influences include Gilbert Gottlieb's theory of Probabilistic Epigenesis , a framework that emphasizes the reciprocity and ubiquity of gene-environment interaction in the realization of all phenotypes, and work on developmental disorders by
41:
being built according to a pre-specified genetic blueprint - rather, the components of the brain are interacting with each other constantly - even prenatally, when patterns of spontaneous firing of cells in the eyes (before they have opened) transmit signals that appear to help develop the layered structure of the
40:
According to the second, the
Interactive Specialization (IS) hypothesis, development is not a unidirectional maturational process, but rather a set of complex, dynamic and back-propagated interactions between genetics, brain, body and environment. Development is not a simple question of a brain
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The hypothesis has attracted increasing attention in recent years as a number of neuroimaging studies on younger children have provided data that appears to fit specific predictions made by
Johnson's model .
349:
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Redcay E.; Haist F.; Courchesne E. (2008). "Paper: Functional neuroimaging of speech perception during a pivotal period in language acquisition".
62:
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O'Leary D.D.M; Nakagawa Y. (2002). "Patterning centers, regulatory genes and extrinsic mechanisms controlling arealization of the neocortex".
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Amso D.; Casey B.J. (2006). "Paper: Beyond what develops when: neuroimaging may inform how cognition changes with development".
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Johnson, M.H. (2000). "Functional brain development in infants: Elements of an interactive specialization framework".
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is a theory of brain development proposed by the
British developmental cognitive neuroscientist
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30:, London and who is now Head of Psychology at the University of Cambridge.
26:, formerly head of the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development at
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Gottlieb, G., Lickliter, R. (2007). "FProbabilistic epigenesis".
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Rethinking
Innateness: A Connectionist Perspective on Development
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96:"Home | Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development"
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69:, Domenico Parisi, and Kim Plunkett), the book
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348:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
114:Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 2nd Ed
252:Current Directions in Psychological Science
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285:Elman, Jeffrey; et al. (1996).
35:Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
57:In 1996, Johnson co-authored (with
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328:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00556.x
264:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2006.00400.x
229:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2008.00674.x
116:. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
174:Current Opinion in Neurobiology
28:Birkbeck, University of London
1:
186:10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00285-4
293:. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
16:Theory of brain development
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43:lateral geniculate nucleus
20:Interactive Specialization
151:10.1111/1467-8624.00120
77:Annette Karmiloff-Smith
63:Annette Karmiloff-Smith
112:Johnson, Mark (2005).
316:Developmental Science
217:Developmental Science
72:Rethinking Innateness
300:978-0-262-55030-7
139:Child Development
123:978-1-4051-2629-8
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223:(2): 237β252.
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344:cite journal
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24:Mark Johnson
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322:(1): 1β11.
363:Categories
83:References
53:Influences
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