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A further use of inverted arches is to support lengthways forces from another arch, such as a bridge or viaduct. This is often done on poor ground, to reduce the ground loading otherwise there is need for extensive foundations. In the simplest case, the arches simply spread the downwards loads of
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are built as an afterthought, had to fit into the space available, and thus sometimes include the inverted components). They have often been applied to
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that must be supported even when they are empty of water that could otherwise resist the sidethrust of their walls. Some
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viaduct piers into a wider ground area, exactly as for an inverted arch bridge. Such arches were used beneath the
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Inverted arches are used where sideways forces must be restrained, and where space is most easily available
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in 1974, during the construction of the concrete inverted arch
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tunnel, where the lower section forms an invert for strength.
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Woodman, Francis; Bloom, Jonathan M. (2003). "Arch".
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69:a construction (for example, the
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27:includes an inverted arch
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253:architectural element
182:The Anatomy of Canals
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