298:
225:(Basque Communist Party), with the idea of including the three Basque departments in the southwest of France in what would become the "Union of Basque-Navarrese Socialist Republics". This would introduce a revolutionary element into France. However, Astigarrabía observed later that he had absolutely no independence from the PCE. After the revolutionary uprising that developed from the
289:
After the fall of the Basque front in 1937 Astigarrabía was made a scapegoat. The Basque
Communist Party held a conference on 12–13 December 1937 in Barcelona, where they decided to expel him for excessive "proximity" to Basque nationalism. Although the Basques had the right for self-determination,
326:
for the next 20 years. After the Basque
Communist Party was reorganized in 1974 he was given a symbolic position in the party, which was now headed by Ormazábal. In the late 1970s Astigarrabía left his family in Cuba to return to Basque politics. He returned to Spain in 1980, and was named Honorary
185:
In 1932 the
Spanish Communist Party made a major change in direction when it abandoned the Comintern slogan "Workers' and Peasants' Government" and adopted "Defense of the Republic". Astigarrabía was among the new leaders of the party who succeeded
282:
and Ramón Ormazábal, became isolated in the North. From
November 1936 to June 1937 Astigarrabía represented the Basque Communist Party as Director of Public Works in the Basque government of
369:(Spanish Socialist Workers' Party): Santiago Aznar (Industry), Juan Gracia Colás (Welfare) and Juan de los Toyos (Labor). The other members were Gonzalo Nárdiz (Agriculture) of
290:
this could only be achieved after the successful defense of the
Spanish Republic against the Fascists and the victory of the popular revolution. Ramón Ormazabal accused him and
177:. Police records name him as their leader. He led a march of fishermen from Pasaia to the capital, which resulted in several deaths by gunfire from the security forces.
754:
579:(in Spanish) (67, Las relaciones de España con Europa centro-oriental (1939–1975)). Asociacion de Historia Contemporanea and Marcial Pons Ediciones de Historia.
759:
294:
of causing the fall of Biscay through "appeasement" and nationalism. Astigarrabía made a self-criticism, was expelled from the party and left Spain.
749:
689:
642:
559:
255:
123:
206:. Astigarrabía was elected to the National Executive of the PCE, and attended the Congress of Seville. He was considered as a successor to
575:
Arrieta
Alberdi, Leyre (2007). "Años de esperanza ante la nueva Europa: la estrategia europeísta del PNV tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial".
365:
283:
244:. He was not impressed by what he saw in Moscow and disagreed with his companions in the PCE leadership. He was a frequent contributor to
173:(1931–1939) was created Astigarrabía was one of the group of Basque communists that headed the trade union movement in San Sebastián and
50:
232:
In 1935 Astigarrabía was one of the members of the
Spanish delegation to the 7th Congress of the Communist International. He traveled to
226:
266:
was another founding member of the EPK in 1935. Ormazábal was against the autonomy of the EPK from the PCE proposed by
Astigarrabía.
150:
and early Basque socialists. He studied navigation for three years, and traveled widely as a sailor. As a young man he joined the
383:
130:(1936–1939). He was expelled from the party and went into exile in Panama. Later he was rehabilitated and returned to Spain.
297:
203:
356:
371:
191:
744:
162:), and with the Zapirain brothers made the first contacts in 1924–25 in the construction industry. He belonged to the
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and its first secretary-general. He was made a scapegoat for the fall of the North during the
679:
632:
166:(Local Federation of Workers' Societies). He toured throughout Spain setting up party cells.
302:
207:
187:
139:
89:
70:
254:, which was created in 1933. In June 1935 he was elected first secretary-general of the
49:
728:
237:
195:
250:
199:
20:
229:
he went into hiding. Astigarrabía participated in the
Congress of Bilbao in 1935.
333:
on his return. Astigarrabía died in his home in San
Sebastián on 4 March 1989.
705:
593:
355:(Basque Nationalist Party): Jose Antonio Aguirre (President and Defense),
375:(Basque Nationalist Action), Ramón María Aldasoro Galarza (Trade) of the
322:
stated that he was "recoverable". He rejoined the PCE, and then moved to
143:
584:
660:"Falleció Ramon Ormazábal, presidente del Partido Comunista de Euskadi"
147:
119:
24:
315:
233:
174:
507:
296:
278:
in July 1936 Astigarrabía and the other Basque communist leaders,
634:
The Communist Quest for National Legitimacy in Europe, 1918–1989
323:
387:(Republican Union) and Juan Astigarrabía (Public Works) of the
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217:
In 1934 Astigarrabía was appointed secretary-general of the
214:
chose José Díaz, with whom he had very strained relations.
359:(Justice and Culture), Eliodoro de la Torre (Finance) and
314:
Astigarrabía went into exile with his family and lived in
681:
The Spanish Civil War, the Soviet Union, and Communism
600:(in Spanish). Eusko Ikaskuntzaren Euskomedia Fundazioa
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The first Basque government had four members of the
105:
97:
78:
56:
40:
614:"Juan Astigarrabía, comunista (y disidente) vasco"
221:of the PCE. During 1934 the Federation became the
122:communist politician, one of the founders of the
381:(Republican Left), Alfredo Espinosa (Health) of
138:Juan Domingo Astigarrabía Andonegui was born in
519:
428:
146:, on 20 November 1901. His family were liberal
31: and the second or maternal family name is
495:
8:
363:(Interior). There were three members of the
37:
471:
118:(20 November 1901 – 4 March 1989) was a
755:Exiles of the Spanish Civil War in Cuba
551:The Anarchists in the Spanish Civil War
400:
342:
227:Asturian miners' strike of October 1934
531:
508:Ramón Ormazabal Tife – Auñamendi Eusko
459:
301:Monument to Astigarrabía in Donostia (
164:Federación Local de Sociedades Obreras
483:
256:Communist Party of the Basque Country
124:Communist Party of the Basque Country
7:
262:, EPK) at its founding conference.
116:Juan Domingo Astigarrabía Andonegui
42:Juan Domingo Astigarrabía Andonegui
14:
366:Partido Socialista Obrero Español
318:for 21 years. After twenty years
678:Payne, Stanley G. (2008-10-01).
592:Arozamena Ayala, Ainhoa (2015).
554:. Janus Publishing Company Lim.
48:
760:Politicians from San Sebastián
612:Elorza, Antonio (1989-03-07).
1:
750:Euskadiko Ezkerra politicians
710:Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia
631:Mevius, Martin (2013-09-13).
598:Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia
594:"Juan Astigarrabia Andonegui"
548:Alexander, Robert J. (1999).
658:Patxo Unzueta (1982-07-06).
393:(Communist Party of Spain).
310:Exile and return (1938–1989)
223:Partido Comunista de Euzkadi
23:, the first or paternal
390:Partido Comunista de España
260:Euskadiko Partidu Komunista
16:Basque communist politician
776:
352:Partido Nacionalista Vasco
18:
684:. Yale University Press.
372:Acción Nacionalista Vasca
274:With the outbreak of the
156:Partido Comunista Español
47:
637:. Taylor & Francis.
219:Federación Vasco-Navarra
181:Party leader (1932–1936)
152:Federación Vasco-Navarra
357:Jesús María de Leizaola
212:Communist International
171:Second Spanish Republic
160:Spanish Communist Party
134:Early years (1901–1932)
706:"Ramón Ormazabal Tife"
306:
378:Izquierda Republicana
300:
270:Civil war (1936–1939)
204:Jesús Hernández Tomás
666:(in Spanish). Bilbao
520:Arrieta Alberdi 2007
429:Arozamena Ayala 2015
284:José Antonio Aguirre
745:Spanish communists
496:Patxo Unzueta 1982
307:
190:. The others were
109:Sailor, politician
691:978-0-300-13078-2
644:978-1-317-98639-3
561:978-1-85756-400-6
384:Unión Republicana
330:Euskadiko Ezkerra
276:Spanish Civil War
242:Santiago Carrillo
142:, the capital of
128:Spanish Civil War
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361:Telesforo Monzón
347:
320:Dolores Ibárruri
169:At the time the
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67:20 November 1901
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64:
52:
38:
775:
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292:Jesús Larrañaga
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264:Ramón Ormazábal
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87:
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68:
62:
60:
43:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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522:, p. 210.
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474:, p. 108.
472:Alexander 1999
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86:(aged 87)
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58:
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41:
15:
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10:
9:
6:
4:
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2:
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534:, p. 39.
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486:, p. 34.
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327:President of
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303:San Sebastián
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238:Leandro Carro
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208:José Bullejos
205:
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196:Vicente Uribe
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189:
188:José Bullejos
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140:San Sebastián
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106:Occupation(s)
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100:
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90:San Sebastián
81:
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72:
71:San Sebastián
59:
55:
51:
46:
39:
34:
30:
26:
22:
714:. Retrieved
712:(in Spanish)
709:
695:. Retrieved
680:
668:. Retrieved
663:
648:. Retrieved
633:
621:. Retrieved
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602:. Retrieved
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565:. Retrieved
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280:Jesús Monzón
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251:Euskadi Roja
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200:Antonio Mije
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84:(1989-03-04)
82:4 March 1989
32:
29:Astigarrabía
28:
21:Spanish name
740:1989 deaths
735:1901 births
532:Mevius 2013
460:Elorza 1989
246:La Antorcha
98:Nationality
729:Categories
716:2015-08-05
697:2015-09-29
670:2015-08-05
650:2015-09-29
623:2015-09-29
604:2015-09-29
567:2015-09-29
484:Payne 2008
210:, but the
63:1901-11-20
192:José Díaz
33:Andonegui
585:41325180
144:Gipuzkoa
19:In this
664:El País
618:El País
541:Sources
248:and to
154:of the
148:Basques
101:Spanish
92:, Spain
73:, Spain
25:surname
688:
641:
583:
558:
316:Panama
234:Moscow
175:Pasaia
158:(PCE,
120:Basque
581:JSTOR
337:Notes
236:with
686:ISBN
639:ISBN
577:Ayer
556:ISBN
324:Cuba
240:and
202:and
79:Died
57:Born
27:is
731::
708:.
662:.
616:.
596:.
436:^
403:^
286:.
198:,
194:,
719:.
700:.
673:.
653:.
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607:.
587:.
570:.
510:.
498:.
462:.
431:.
305:)
258:(
65:)
61:(
35:.
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