171:. Left nearly destitute after the death of her husband, Lead joined the Pordage household in 1674 and remained there until his death in 1681. Lead assumed leadership of this group after Pordage's death, and in 1694, the group became known as the Philadelphian Society For The Advancement Of Piety And Divine Philosophy (the
377:
The
Revelation of Revelations: Particularly as an Essay Towards the Unsealing, Opening and Discovering the Seven Seals, the Seven Thunders, the New Jerusalem State, the Twelve Gates and the Magical Eye. The which have not hitherto so far been brought forth to light (except to the Spiritual Discerner)
443:
A Revelation of the
Everlasting Gospel Message: Which Shall Never Cease to Be Preach'd Till the Hour of Christ's Eternal Judgment Shall Come; Whereby will be Proclaim'd the Last-Love Jubilee, in order to the Restitution of the Whole Lapsed Creation, Whether Human or Angelical. When by the Blood of
435:
A Fountain of
Gardens:Volume I (Jane Lead's revealing personal Journal of Spiritual Encounters during the years from 1670 to 1676) Watered by the Rivers of Divine Pleasure, and Springing up in all the Variety of Spiritual Plants; Blown up by the Pure Breath into a Paradise. Sending forth their
481:
The Wars of David and the
Peaceable Reign of Solomon: symbolizing the Signs of the Times of Warfare and Refreshment of the Saints of the Most High God to whom a Priestly Kingdom is shortly to be given, after the Order of Melchezideck—consisting of two Treatises entitled: An Alarm to the Holy
175:). Lead's writings and visions formed the core of the group's spiritual goals and ideas. They rejected the idea of being a church, preferring the term society, and none of the members ceased their memberships in existing churches. Together, the group held views that were somewhat similar to
451:
A Fountain of
Gardens: Volume II Being a Continuation of the Process of a Life according to Faith, of the Divinely Magical Knowledge, and of the New Creation. In Mutual Entertainments Betwixt The Essential Wisdom, and the Soul in her Progress through Paradise, to Mount Sion, and to the New
496:
A Fountain of
Gardens: Volume III: Part TWO (Jane Lead's Journal from 1679 to 1686) A Spiritual Diary of the Wonderful Experiences of a Christian Soul, under the Conduct of the Heavenly Wisdom; Continued from the Year 1679, to the Middle of the Year 1686 (The Last Volume of her
93:
On a date unknown but between 15 June and 14 July 1644, Jane Ward married
William Lead, a merchant and distant cousin, with a marriage portion from her father of £240 (equivalent to £52,172 in 2023). From 1647 to 1657, and perhaps longer, the couple lived together in
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A Second
Message to the Philadelphian Society: A further Manifestation Concerning the Virgin Philadelphian Church: Given upon New Year's Day in this Present Year MDCXCVI. Being A Second message to the Philadelphian Society, and a Touchstone to the Gathered
466:
The Ascent to the Mount of Vision: Where many Things were shewn, concerning; I. The First
Resurrection; II. The State of Separated Souls; III. The Patriarchal Life; IV. The Kingdom of Christ: With an Account of the Approaching Blessed State of this
356:, rejecting the "Doctrine that hath been preached of an endless Misery and Torment" which had "wrought little effect in frightening or terrifying 'em from their evil Courses." She believed that punishment after death was purgative, not punitive.
504:
A Living
Funeral Testimony: or Death Overcome, and Drown'd, in the Life of Christ. With a Further Description of the Various States of Separated Souls, as to what they may expect will ensue after Death, whether in Christ or out of
98:, where William was a freeman of the borough. The marriage was happy, lasted 27 years, and they had four daughters. The marriage was extremely stable, but when William died in 1671 she was left utterly bereft and penniless in the
202:
The movement flourished until the early 18th century when, with Lead's death in 1704, its membership began to dwindle. It was briefly revived in 1706 when they held meetings with the French
234:. Although no longer officially a functioning group, many of the Philadelphian Society's views and writings, particularly those by Jane Lead, remained influential among certain groups of
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The Tree of Faith: or The Tree of Life, Springing up in the Paradise of God from which All the Wonders of the New Creation, in the Virgin Church of the First-born of Wisdom must proceed
385:
The Enochian Walks with God: Found out by a Spiritual Traveller, Whose Face Towards Mount-Sion Above was Set; with an Experimental Account of What was Known, Seen and Met withal There.
489:
A Fountain of Gardens: Volume III: Part ONE (Jane Lead's Journal from 1678) A Spiritual Diary of the Wonderful Experiences of a Christian Soul, under the Conduct of the Heavenly Wisdom
406:
A Message to the Philadelphian Society: Whithersoever dispersed over the whole Earth. Together with a Call to the Several Gathered Churches among Protestants in this Nation of England
83:
She had a comfortable upbringing in a prosperous family. At the age of fifteen, during a family Christmas party she was gripped by a "sudden grievous sorrow" claimed to have heard an
165:
group led by Pordage Lead remained in this group after her husband's death in 1670, and this was when she began keeping her spiritual diary, which would later be published as
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The Heavenly Cloud now Breaking: The Lord Christ's Ascension Ladder sent down; To shew the way to reach the Ascension and Glorification, through the Death and Resurrection
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The Ark of Faith: or A supplement to the Tree of Faith, &c. for the Further Confirmation of the same. Together with A Discovery of the New World
804:
849:
829:
581:
Dennis Poupard, Thomas J. Schoenberg, Lawrence J. Trudeau, Mark Scott, Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800, Volume 72 (Gale, 2002), p. 129
839:
206:, and then faded into obscurity. Nevertheless, it had converts in Europe and America. Lead's spiritual and literary legacy can be found in
628:
459:
The Messenger of An Universal Peace: A Third Message to the Philadelphian Society including "The Marks of a True Philadelphian"
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The Wonders of God's Creation: Manifested in the Variety of Eight Worlds; As they were made known Experimentally to the Author.
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Jane Ward was born in about February or March 1624, the twelfth and youngest child of Hamond Ward, a rich
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McDowell, Paula. "Enlightenment Enthusiasms: The Spectacular Failure of the Philadelphian Society."
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278:(1575–1624), whose writings influenced John Pordage, the founder of the group which would become the
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121:' and proceeded to transcribe her subsequent visions. Her final output amounted to many volumes of
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Michael Martin, Literature and the Encounter with God in Post-Reformation England (2016), p. 156
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whisper urging her "Cease from this, I have another Dance to lead thee in; for this is Vanity".
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Warriours to Fight the Battels of the LAMB. The Glory of Sharon in the Renovation of Nature
48:, recorded in a series of publications, were central in the founding and philosophy of the
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The Signs of the Times: Forerunning the Kingdom of Christ and Evidencing when it is Come
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117:, who promised to unfold the secrets of the universe to her. Lead declared herself a '
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Although she vowed to do so, the next phase of her life was outwardly conventional.
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A Message to the Philadelphian Society: Whithersoever dispersed over the whole Earth
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Lead's spiritual vision, although very much her own, was similar to that of
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to any degree of Satisfaction, as to the understanding of the grand Mystery
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706:""Prophesies and Revelations": German Cabbalists in Early Pennsylvania"
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It was at this time, however, that she had her first vision of the "
68:, of Letheringsett Hall, and his wife Mary Calthorpe, a daughter of
690:
McDowell, p. 517; for Moravian influence, see also Atwood, Craig.
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The Laws of Paradise: given forth by Wisdom to a Translated Spirit
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Her writings cover many of the Christian mysteries: the nature of
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84:
780:, 17th Century and Spirit's Day texts, retrieved 12 December 2012
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692:
Community of the Cross: Moravian Piety in Colonial Bethlehem.
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component, in that they also believed the presence of the
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Sixty Propositions from which was drawn the 1679 Prophecy
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the Everlasting Covenant, all Prisoners shall be set free
298:, Lead's spirituality has a strong feminine element, the
670:
Jane Lead: Biography of a Seventeenth-Century Mystic.
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Sweet Savours, and Strong Odours, for Soul Refreshing
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in her belief in the presence of God in all things (
321:. The scope of her work has drawn comparisons with
770:Dictionary of Literary Biography on Jane Ward Lead
710:The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
694:University Park, PA: Penn State UP, 2004. p. 33.
632:. Vol. 32. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
8:
764:, On-Line Manuscripts, retrieved 22 May 2007
282:under Lead's leadership. Like other female
32:; March 1624 – 19 August 1704) was a
452:Jerusalem. (Jane Lead's Journal from 1677)
179:, regarding the belief in the presence of
157:in 1655 but reinstated in 1660 during the
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161:. In 1668, Lead joined a small English
604:Jane Lead and her Transnational Legacy
646:St. Paul: New Grail P, 2002. p. 3-4.
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845:18th-century Christian universalists
825:17th-century Christian universalists
835:17th-century English women writers
672:Aldershot: Ashgate, 2005. p. 27.
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629:Dictionary of National Biography
805:English Christian universalists
850:18th-century Christian mystics
830:17th-century Christian mystics
616:Smith, Charlotte Fell (1892).
191:exists in each and everyone's
153:who had been ejected from his
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704:Fisher, Elizabeth W. (1985).
109:", which is described in the
16:English dissenter (1624–1704)
840:17th-century English writers
519:(Edited and Extracted from,
644:The Wisdom of John Pordage.
341:) and the existence of the
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657:Eighteenth-Century Studies
352:Around 1694, she became a
216:Nicolaus Ludwig Zinzendorf
183:in all things, and with a
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778:The Writings of Jane Lead
132:The Philadelphian Society
772:, retrieved 20 July 2009
762:The Works of Jane Leade
745:The Works of Jane Leade
659:35.4 (2002), p. 519-20.
317:and the possibility of
354:Christian Universalist
222:, and in the works of
210:, particularly in the
208:Radical German Pietism
142:In 1663 Jane Lead met
855:Christian eschatology
747:, On-Line Manuscripts
602:Ariel Hessayon, ed.,
549:Esoteric Christianity
280:Philadelphian Society
168:A Fountain of Gardens
138:Philadelphian Society
50:Philadelphian Society
296:Hildegard von Bingen
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252:Esoteric Christians
159:English Restoration
70:Sir James Calthorpe
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681:McDowell, p. 527-8
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619:"Lead, Jane"
564:English Dissenters
224:Emanuel Swedenborg
220:German Romanticism
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534:Jakob Böhme
343:Holy Spirit
339:Panentheism
276:Jakob Böhme
228:William Law
189:Holy Spirit
177:Panentheism
789:Categories
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347:Nondualism
327:Gnosticism
315:Apocalypse
270:The vision
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96:Kings Lynn
74:Cockthorpe
60:Early life
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554:Behmenism
319:Ascension
212:Moravians
204:Camisards
163:Behmenist
126:mysticism
123:visionary
20:Jane Lead
528:See also
497:Journal)
414:Churches
240:Pietists
36:born in
626:(ed.).
523:, 1697)
331:Alchemy
258:), the
113:in the
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42:England
38:Norfolk
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507:, 1702
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307:Christ
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54:London
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622:. In
360:Works
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