647:
the area but we're ultimately captured. París now a prisoner, was taken by his captors to Popayán now under
Spanish control and imprisoned alongside his fellow patriot officers. The prisoners were then informed by the Spanish commander that they would be quintated, they were then forced to pick lots; with white pieces of paper meaning, they would live and, black meaning they would be executed. During the drawing of lots París's friend Mariano Posse shouted to París “Joaquín if you get death and I life then I will switch with you” París drew life and Posse death, Posse was then marched to the gallows and at the last second was spared from execution.
620:
royalist soldiers noticed this and ran towards him to attack, Nariño unable to free his legs pulled out his two pistols and fired at his attackers, Captain París and his men rushed to their commander's side and attacked his assailants saving his life. Despite this heroic effort the battle was a complete defeat for the patriots and in the confusion Nariño was captured and later extradited to Spain and imprisoned there until 1820. París managed to escape the disaster and join up with what remained of the army now under the command of
Colonel
776:
532:, París participated in one of the first battles of the Colombian War of Independence when his battalion was deployed to the south of the country under the command of Colonel Antonio Baraya where they fought the Spanish royalist forces at the Battle of Bajo Palacé on March 28, 1811. The patriots managed to defeat the royalist army and prevented the Cauca Province from falling under royalist control, París fought bravely and was wounded in his knee, after the victory at Bajo Palacé his unit returned to Santa Fe.
268:
700:
671:, once there he tried to find a way to travel to Venezuela and join Bolivar's forces there but with no money he found this impossible. Penniless and starving he attempted to take his life, but spotted a ship just arrived from Europe and recognized one of its passengers, Manuel Antonio Arrubula, who he knew and the two recognized each other, Arrubula assisted París giving him some money to buy clothing and food. With the money Arrubula gave him he found transport to
304:
292:
280:
25:
528:. París's father, José Martín, formed part of the junta as one of its founding members and signed the Colombian Act of Independence. Joaquín, then only 15 years old, joined the revolutionary cause along with his 6 older brothers and enlisted as a cadet in one of the first battalions formed in the republican army the Auxiliary Battalion of Santa Fe. On August 20, 1810, he was promoted to
133:
719:
His proven courage earned him the assignment of very risky reconnaissance missions to gather intelligence on the other side of the Andes mountain range shortly before the start of the campaign. When the campaign started he was assigned to the
Vanguard Division of the Patriot Army under the command of
646:
troops, marking the end of the first republic. During the battle he was wounded once again in the shoulder but managed to escape capture. París was then able to meet up with a group of people that had also escaped capture, they tried desperately to find some way to escape the
Spanish encirclement of
402:. París joined the Colombian independence movement at the young age of 15 enlisting as a cadet in the Auxiliary Battalion of Santa Fe in 1810. París fought in many of the initial battles of the Colombian War of Independence and was wounded various times and noted for his bravery in battle. During the
615:
which they had recently captured. This army left Santa Fe in June 1813, París fought with distinction at the battles of Alto Palacé (December 30), Calibio (January 15, 1814), Juanambú (April 1814) and
Tacines (May 9, 1814). These battles were all victories for the patriots allowing them to push back
735:
battalion were positioned at the front of the
Patriot effort to take the Gámeza bridge and took the brunt of the Spanish musket fire which resulted in many losses suffered by his battalion, which included its commanding officer Colonel Arredondo who was mortally wounded. Arredondo died 2 days later
619:
After their victory at
Tacines on May 9, the Patriots at the gates of Pasto were attacked by the Royalist regulars and guerrillas on May 10 at the Battle of Ejidos de Pasto. During the confusion of the battle General Nariño's horse was shot out from under him and collapsed, partially trapping him,
666:
in
Venezuela, during the long and ardous journey he was chained to Simon Burgos and were frequently abused by their guards. At Maracaibo the prisoners were put on a schooner to be taken to Puerto Cabello, on March 1, 1817, the Spanish schooner was attacked by a French privateer sailing under the
715:
region to build and train an army for a military operation to liberate New
Granada from Spanish control, Joaquín now a Sergeant Major joined Santander. Upon arriving to Casanare he became Santander's right-hand man with the training of these new troops and the two built an excellent working
748:
where they were positioned on the left flank of the
Patriot effort with the objective of taking Picacho hill, his unit tried 3 times to take the hill and was pushed back by the King's 1st battalion, they would finally take the hill through a bayonet charge supported by Colonel
566:
After San Victorino the centralists and the federalists signed an armistice and agreed to work together as the royalists began to attack the south and north of the country. París now a captain, marched to Cucúta in an army under the overall command of Venezuelan Colonel
478:
where he died at the age of 73 and received full military honors from the Colombian government for his long service to the republic. París is considered one of the military heroes of Colombia's independence and some public schools and military units are named after him.
810:. During the war General París's health began to decline and he was bed ridden at times, after the Central government lost the war París went to the British Embassy and requested aslyum he eventually left the embassy and returned home when General
667:
Patriot flag, the pirates slaughtered most of the Spanish crew except for París who was still shackled, the french captain then took him and dumped him on the first beach he could find. From there París was able to find transport that took him to
523:
On July 20, 1810, the people of Santa Fe revolted against the government of Viceroy Antonio Amar y Borbon and formed a revolutionary junta eventually leading to the removal of the Viceroy from his position which marked the beginning of the
830:
issued a decree of honors in his memory for his long and faithful service to the republic. Seven years after his death and his remains were taken from Honda to Bogotá in 1875 to be deposited in a small mausoleum in the
691:
where he would be part of the combined New Granadan and Venezuelan army that was being formed by Santander for a future military campaign to liberate New Granada under the command of Simon Bolívar.
616:
the royalists to Pasto. In their final push to reach Pasto the patriots were harassed by royalist guerillas during their march, and during one of these combats París was wounded but continued on.
504:
515:
as her father was governor of that province at the time of her birth. The two married in 1777 and had 9 children together with Joaquín being the last male child followed by his sister.
535:
In 1812, still under the command of Baraya, he was dispatched to the north of the country to fight royalist forces from Venezuela who were threatening the important border city of
452:
and fought at the Battle of Bomboná where he was again wounded, losing two fingers as he led the "Bogotá" Battalion in the battle. By 1827 he was promoted to Brigadier General.
437:
and was eventually commander of the "Cazadores" battalion during the campaign, fighting in all the battles and participated in the bayonet charge across the Boyacá bridge in the
724:
Battalion under Colonel Antonio Arredondo Martínez. He fought valiantly at the Battle of Paya on June 27, which allowed the Patriot army to continue their march to the Andes.
575:. Bolívar had been given a commission by congress of the United Provinces of New Granada and made a colonel in their army and had just defeated the Royalist Guerrillas in the
395:
and various civil wars that took place in Colombia during the 19th century. París was later also commander-in-chief of the army and Secretary of War on various occasions.
658:
commander of all Spanish forces in New Granada and Venezuela. The council spared him of execution but senteneced him to serve a 16-year prison sentence at the prison in
591:, however Castillo Rada disagreed with Bolivar taking the New Granadan army into Venezuela and withdrew his forces from the campaign in protest, taking with him París.
42:
1148:
1143:
1133:
540:
499:. Born to an aristocratic family, his parents were José Martín París and Genoveva Ricaurte. José was from an aristocratic family and was born in
89:
1086:
1009:
989:
969:
948:
928:
876:
61:
750:
727:
After crossing the Paramo de Pisba in July 1819, his battalion took part in some of the first battles against the Royalist Army of Colonel
803:
468:
364:
68:
728:
635:
403:
108:
467:
dictatorship in 1854. Although retired, París was once again called back into service to serve as commander of the army during the
75:
604:
335:
426:
631:
July 5, 1815 where he was wounded in the important patriot victory that allowed them to recapture Popayán from Spanish forces.
544:
273:
675:
in Venezuela where he knew there was a Patriot Army unit there. He then traveled to Guayana in March 1818, and was appointed
572:
57:
46:
1138:
832:
811:
525:
455:
París would later serve as Secretary of War in various governments as well as commander of the army, participating the in
392:
330:
708:
688:
639:
430:
340:
471:, however by this point he was crippled by his ill health and age, he was defeated and the government was overthrown.
168:
788:
460:
807:
579:
region. With these guerrillas largely defeated by 1813, Bolívar then took this army to invade Venezuela starting his
588:
488:
210:
740:
on July 15, París for his actions during the battle was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and assumed command of the
35:
234:
583:. París participated in the initial stages of this campaign fighting at the Battle of Angostura La Grita as the
1158:
628:
1153:
772:. In 1823 he was promoted to Colonel and in 1827 to "General". He remained in active service until June 1832.
82:
775:
309:
297:
768:
He was named governor of the province of Neiva and would later rejoin the army and fought in the Battle of
638:
he was the commander of an infantry battalion based in Popayán, his battalion would fight in the Battle of
745:
345:
621:
414:. He was able to escape as the ship he was transported in was attacked by French pirates who left him on
556:
548:
792:
464:
1128:
1123:
355:
699:
230:
827:
784:
757:
684:
456:
438:
434:
350:
568:
419:
760:
he led his battalion in a charge across the Boyacá bridge to defeat the Spanish vanguard force.
580:
559:
of 1813, and fought at the Battle of San Victorino on January 9, 1813, where he was captured by
406:, París was captured by Spanish forces and was sentenced to serve a lengthy prison sentence in
1082:
1005:
985:
965:
944:
924:
872:
712:
643:
600:
560:
737:
753:
612:
576:
388:
662:
in Venezuela. In November 1816, he was transported by foot along with other prisoners to
769:
659:
529:
508:
496:
449:
407:
214:
563:
centralist army when the federalists were defeated in their attempt to take the city.
1117:
823:
680:
655:
475:
391:, October 2, 1868) was a Colombian military officer and politician who fought in the
285:
676:
584:
445:
650:
París alongside the other prisoners were transported to Santa Fe and put before a
132:
798:
In 1860 is wife died, after the death of his wife París sought to retire to his
651:
512:
24:
668:
608:
415:
703:
Miniature painted circa 1820, depicting a young París as Lieutenant Colonel.
663:
487:
Joaquín París y Ricaurte was born on August 18, 1795, in the capital of the
411:
672:
536:
492:
399:
380:
206:
642:
however the outnumbered patriot army was defeated decisively by Brigadier
599:
París was then assigned to the Southern Army under the command of General
799:
503:
and came to Santa Fe to serve as the secretary of Viceroy of New Granada
384:
1067:. Bogotá: Sección de Historia y Publicaciones del Ejército de Colombia.
1004:(1st ed.). Bogotá: SAGA Egmont (published 2021). pp. 21-22.
964:(1st ed.). Bogotá: SAGA Egmont (published 2021). pp. 18-19.
500:
806:
he was once again named commander-in-chief of the army by President
539:. However instead of going to Cúcuta the army rebelled against the
418:. París then sailed to Venezuela and rejoined the war effort under
984:(1st ed.). Bogotá: SAGA Egmont (published 2021). p. 20.
943:(1st ed.). Bogotá: SAGA Egmont (published 2021). p. 17.
923:(1st ed.). Bogotá: SAGA Egmont (published 2021). p. 15.
826:
in 1868 at the age of 73, when the news reached Bogotá, President
774:
698:
552:
511:
who belonged to an important family from Santa Fe but was born in
896:(1st ed.). Bogotá: Imprenta de El Tradicionista. p. 72.
871:(1st ed.). Bogotá: SAGA Egmont (published 2021). p. 7.
607:
in an effort to push the royalists out of the southern cities of
1106:. Bogotá: Imprenta y Litografía de Juan Casis. pp. 277–280.
744:
Battalion on July 15. París led his battalion valiantly at the
571:
who had come to New Granada to seek assistance for his war of
18:
856:. Bogotá: Imprenta y Litografía de Juan Casis. p. 276.
779:
Daguerreotype of París in civilian dress taken around 1855.
1039:. Bogotá. Imprenta y Litografía de Juan Casis. Pg. 131.
731:. On July 11 he took part in the Battle of Gameza, the
474:
After that París finally retired to his hacienda near
1053:(1st ed.). Bogota: Editorial Andes. p. 192.
852:
París de la Roche José Joaquín, José Joaquín (1919).
787:, and in 1841 he served as Secretary of War. In 1854
687:
in New Granada under the orders of Brigadier General
1025:(1st ed.). Bogota: Editorial Andes. p. 28.
716:relationship and as a result became close friends.
441:which liberated New Granada from Spanish control.
323:
315:
261:
256:
248:
240:
220:
193:
188:
174:
162:
146:
123:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
910:, (45), pp. 361–391. doi: 10.25062/0120-0631.2912.
444:After briefly serving as military governor of
802:near Honda however, with the outbreak of the
16:Colombian Army Officer, Independence War hero
8:
906:Riaño, C. (1967) «La batalla del río Palo»,
555:. París would see himself fighting in the
131:
120:
404:Spanish reconquest of New Granada in 1816
158:October 25, 1860 – April 1, 1861
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1102:París de la Roche, José Joaquín (1919).
722:Cazadores Constantes de la Nueva Granada
1081:. Bogota: SAGA Egmont. pp. 63–64.
1035:París de la Roche, José Joaquín. 1919.
844:
814:offered him guarantees for his safety.
720:Santander as second in command of the
433:. He helped raise the Patriot army in
783:He participated valiantly during the
7:
1104:Una familia de próceres. Los Paríses
1037:Una familia de próceres. Los Paríses
854:Una familia de próceres. Los Paríses
425:París played a decisive role in the
47:adding citations to reliable sources
1149:Colombian people of Spanish descent
1144:Presidential Designates of Colombia
1079:Biografia del General Joaquín París
1002:Biografía del general Joaquín París
982:Biografía del general Joaquín París
962:Biografía del general Joaquín París
941:Biografía del general Joaquín París
921:Biografía del general Joaquín París
869:Biografía del general Joaquín París
711:, was dispatched by Bolívar to the
244:María Dolores De la Roche Domínguez
1077:Acosta de Samper, Soledad (1883).
1065:Batalla del Pantano de Vargas 1819
1000:Acosta de Samper, Soledad (1883).
980:Acosta de Samper, Soledad (1883).
960:Acosta de Samper, Soledad (1883).
939:Acosta de Samper, Soledad (1883).
919:Acosta de Samper, Soledad (1883).
867:Acosta de Samper, Soledad (1883).
398:Born to an aristocratic family in
14:
1134:Viceroyalty of New Granada people
636:Spanish Reconquest of New Granada
541:centralist government of Santa Fe
147:Colombian Army Commander in Chief
695:Campaign to Liberate New Granada
457:Colombian Civil war of 1839-1842
302:
290:
278:
266:
23:
804:Colombian Civil War (1860–1862)
683:. Later he would be ordered to
654:presided by Lieutenant General
469:Colombian Civil War (1860–1862)
365:Colombian Civil War (1860–1862)
274:United Provinces of New Granada
137:París in dress uniform, c. 1860
34:needs additional citations for
1051:La Campaña Libertadora de 1819
1023:La Campaña Libertadora de 1819
908:Revista de las Fuerzas Armadas
736:and was buried in the town of
495:, a territorial entity of the
1:
892:Espinosa, José María (1876).
526:Colombian War of Independence
429:under the command of General
393:Colombian War of Independence
331:Colombian War of Independence
709:Francisco de Paula Santander
689:Francisco de Paula Santander
448:, París participated in the
431:Francisco de Paula Santander
341:Battle of Cuchilla del Tambo
1175:
812:Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
629:Battle of the Palo Riveron
573:independence war Venezuela
489:Viceroyalty of New Granada
387:, August 18, 1795 –
336:Nariño's Southern Campaign
211:Viceroyalty of New Granada
894:Memorias de un abanderado
627:París also fought at the
427:1819 New Granada campaign
370:
235:United States of Colombia
184:
151:
142:
130:
808:Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
377:Joaquín París y Ricaurte
58:"Joaquín París Ricaurte"
789:he took up arms against
707:When Brigadier General
310:Granadine Confederation
298:Republic of New Granada
1049:Riaño, Camilo (1969).
1021:Riaño, Camilo (1969).
780:
746:Battle of Vargas Swamp
704:
450:Pasto Campaign of 1822
346:Battle of Vargas Swamp
169:Pedro Alcántara Herrán
125:Joaquín París Ricaurte
1063:Cortés Carlos. 1969.
778:
702:
557:New Granada Civil War
545:Federalist government
252:"The Manc of Bombona"
791:the dictatorship of
634:In 1816, during the
589:Manuel Castillo Rada
43:improve this article
729:José María Barreiro
1139:People from Bogotá
781:
705:
681:Admiral Luis Brión
640:Cuchilla del Tambo
581:Admirable campaign
505:Messía de la Cerda
400:Santa Fe de Bogotá
180:Ramón Espina Gámez
1088:978-87-26-67924-3
1010:978-87-26-67924-3
990:978-87-26-67924-3
970:978-87-26-67924-3
949:978-87-26-67924-3
929:978-87-26-67924-3
878:978-87-26-67924-3
785:civil war of 1840
605:Southern Campaign
595:Southern Campaign
465:José María Melo’s
374:
373:
356:Battle of Bomboná
119:
118:
111:
93:
1166:
1108:
1107:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1074:
1068:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1046:
1040:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1018:
1012:
998:
992:
978:
972:
958:
952:
937:
931:
917:
911:
904:
898:
897:
889:
883:
882:
864:
858:
857:
849:
833:Central Cemetery
828:Santos Gutiérrez
758:Battle of Boyacá
644:Juan de Sámano's
622:José María Cabal
561:Antonio Nariño's
439:Battle of Boyacá
351:Battle of Boyacá
308:
306:
305:
296:
294:
293:
284:
282:
281:
272:
270:
269:
257:Military service
227:
203:
201:
189:Personal details
177:
165:
156:
135:
121:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1159:Ricaurte family
1114:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1089:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1062:
1058:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1034:
1030:
1020:
1019:
1015:
999:
995:
979:
975:
959:
955:
938:
934:
918:
914:
905:
901:
891:
890:
886:
879:
866:
865:
861:
851:
850:
846:
841:
820:
793:José Maria Melo
766:
697:
597:
577:Magdalena River
543:and joined the
521:
519:Military career
507:. Génova was a
485:
461:war to put down
459:as well as the
420:Simón Bolívar’s
389:Honda, Colombia
363:
362:
303:
301:
300:
291:
289:
288:
279:
277:
276:
267:
265:
229:
225:
224:October 2, 1868
205:
204:August 18, 1795
199:
197:
175:
163:
157:
152:
138:
126:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1172:
1170:
1162:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1109:
1094:
1087:
1069:
1056:
1041:
1028:
1013:
993:
973:
953:
932:
912:
899:
884:
877:
859:
843:
842:
840:
837:
822:París died in
819:
816:
765:
762:
754:British Legion
696:
693:
660:Puerto Cabello
601:Antonio Nariño
596:
593:
530:Sub-lieutenant
520:
517:
497:Spanish Empire
484:
481:
408:Puerto Cabello
372:
371:
368:
367:
361:
360:
359:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
327:
325:
321:
320:
317:
313:
312:
263:
259:
258:
254:
253:
250:
246:
245:
242:
238:
237:
231:Honda (Tolima)
228:(aged 73)
222:
218:
217:
215:Spanish Empire
195:
191:
190:
186:
185:
182:
181:
178:
172:
171:
166:
160:
159:
149:
148:
144:
143:
140:
139:
136:
128:
127:
124:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1171:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1105:
1098:
1095:
1090:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1057:
1052:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1032:
1029:
1024:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1003:
997:
994:
991:
987:
983:
977:
974:
971:
967:
963:
957:
954:
950:
946:
942:
936:
933:
930:
926:
922:
916:
913:
909:
903:
900:
895:
888:
885:
880:
874:
870:
863:
860:
855:
848:
845:
838:
836:
834:
829:
825:
817:
815:
813:
809:
805:
801:
796:
794:
790:
786:
777:
773:
771:
763:
761:
759:
755:
752:
751:James Rooke's
747:
743:
739:
734:
730:
725:
723:
717:
714:
710:
701:
694:
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
665:
661:
657:
656:Pablo Morillo
653:
648:
645:
641:
637:
632:
630:
625:
623:
617:
614:
610:
606:
602:
594:
592:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
569:Simón Bolívar
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
549:Camilo Torres
547:of President
546:
542:
538:
533:
531:
527:
518:
516:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
482:
480:
477:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
453:
451:
447:
442:
440:
436:
432:
428:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
369:
366:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
333:
332:
329:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
311:
299:
287:
286:Gran Colombia
275:
264:
260:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
236:
232:
223:
219:
216:
212:
208:
196:
192:
187:
183:
179:
173:
170:
167:
161:
155:
150:
145:
141:
134:
129:
122:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1154:París family
1103:
1097:
1078:
1072:
1064:
1059:
1050:
1044:
1036:
1031:
1022:
1016:
1001:
996:
981:
976:
961:
956:
940:
935:
920:
915:
907:
902:
893:
887:
868:
862:
853:
847:
821:
797:
782:
767:
764:After Boyacá
741:
732:
726:
721:
718:
706:
677:aide-de-camp
649:
633:
626:
618:
598:
585:aide-de-camp
565:
534:
522:
486:
473:
454:
443:
424:
397:
376:
375:
324:Battles/wars
226:(1868-10-02)
176:Succeeded by
153:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1129:1868 deaths
1124:1795 births
835:of Bogotá.
652:war council
587:of Colonel
164:Preceded by
1118:Categories
839:References
818:Later life
483:Early life
422:command.
262:Allegiance
200:1795-08-18
99:March 2024
69:newspapers
756:. At the
742:Cazadores
733:Cazadores
664:Maracaibo
412:Venezuela
154:In office
800:hacienda
713:Casanare
685:Casanare
513:Medellin
493:Santa Fe
463:General
435:Casanare
385:Colombia
249:Nickname
207:Santa Fe
770:Bomboná
669:Curaçao
609:Popayán
603:in his
509:criolla
416:Curaçao
319:General
83:scholar
1085:
1008:
988:
968:
947:
927:
875:
673:Cumana
537:Cúcuta
501:Madrid
381:Bogotá
307:
295:
283:
271:
241:Spouse
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
824:Honda
738:Tasco
613:Pasto
553:Tunja
476:Honda
446:Neiva
90:JSTOR
76:books
1083:ISBN
1006:ISBN
986:ISBN
966:ISBN
945:ISBN
925:ISBN
873:ISBN
611:and
316:Rank
221:Died
194:Born
62:news
679:to
551:in
410:in
45:by
1120::
795:.
624:.
491:,
383:,
233:,
213:,
209:,
1091:.
951:.
881:.
379:(
202:)
198:(
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
