54:
75:
233:
Surgery can help alleviate skin contractures in the form of skin grafts and removal of hypertrophic scars. For hypertrophic scars, timing is important when considering surgery, as over time scars will mature and may show decreased contractures along with flattening, softening, and repigmentation
145:
focuses on trying to prevent contractures from happening in the first place. However, research on sustained traction of connective tissue in approaches such as adaptive yoga has demonstrated that contracture can be reduced, at the same time that tendency toward spasticity is addressed.
221:
Large areas of missing skin (such as large burns, grazes, and gouges) drastically reduce the area of skin causing it to become tight when pulled together during wound healing. Scars initially lack elasticity with synthesis of elastic tissue fibres
878:
855:
1280:
979:
230:. Studies on hypertrophic scars have shown a lack of improvement to both elasticity and stiffness suggesting a prolonged healing phase without amelioration seen in a normal wound-healing curve.
1093:
377:
Lucia, Alejandro; Martinuzzi, Andrea; Nogales-Gadea, Gisela; Quinlivan, Ros; Reason, Stacey; International
Association for Muscle Glycogen Storage Disease study group (December 2021).
214:. However, large wounds and abnormal wound healing cause skin contractures by excessively tightening the skin and limiting movement. A skin contracture due to a burn is known as a
1273:
972:
2344:
2082:
2017:
2663:
1266:
965:
130:). This results in the shortening and hardening of these tissues, ultimately causing rigidity, joint deformities and a total loss of movement around the joint.
1181:
101:
to shorten and become very stiff, preventing normal movement. A contracture is usually permanent, but less commonly can be temporary (such as in
3085:
2005:
379:"Clinical practice guidelines for glycogen storage disease V & VII (McArdle disease and Tarui disease) from an international study group"
741:
547:
2993:
2334:
2075:
2217:
1661:
1433:
493:"Additional effect of iyengar yoga and EMG biofeedback on pain and functional disability in chronic unilateral knee osteoarthritis"
53:
2998:
2554:
1109:
1316:
102:
30:
This article refers to permanent shortening of muscles, tendons, or ligaments. For contracture of the muscle specifically, see
182:(internal scarring). Fibrosis occurs within a muscle or organ, whereas adhesions bind two separate tissues or organs together.
3049:
2068:
226:) being a function of duration and site of the scar. Deep wounds and abnormal wound healing causes abnormal scarring such as
1815:
Exaggerated cardiorespiratory response to exercise (tachycardia with tachypnea and/or hyperpnea (exercise hyperventilation))
1205:
160:
Contractures can have a variety of causes other than spasticity. In regards to muscle, these include (but not limited to):
2339:
2182:
1706:
1176:
268:
126:
Contractures develop usually when normally elastic tissues such as muscles or tendons are replaced by inelastic tissues (
79:
2690:
2658:
2161:
1499:
740:
Rapp, Scott J.; Rumberg, Aaron; Visscher, Marty; Billmire, David A.; Schwentker, Ann S.; Pan, Brian S. (February 2015).
3080:
1142:
273:
2502:
263:
189:
3013:
2731:
2036:
1870:
352:
283:
168:
2627:
2619:
2379:
1132:
905:
1970:
2858:
2853:
2512:
2232:
1799:
1474:
123:, but can also be due to the congenital abnormal development of muscles and connective tissue in the womb.
3054:
2863:
2700:
2695:
2480:
2295:
2176:
1814:
1654:
1451:
1290:
1200:
1127:
3042:
2828:
2788:
2632:
2602:
2475:
2024:
1701:
1372:
248:
215:
575:
119:
in a concentrated muscle area, such as is seen in the tightest muscles of people with conditions like
3003:
2642:
2547:
2507:
2222:
2212:
2135:
2091:
2012:
1794:
1326:
1188:
253:
138:
2838:
2808:
2389:
2384:
2155:
2142:
2125:
2000:
1936:
1428:
1382:
1240:
1193:
1122:
1080:
882:
175:
630:"Hypertrophic Scarring and Keloids: Pathomechanisms and Current and Emerging Treatment Strategies"
2973:
2952:
2911:
2778:
2290:
2242:
2207:
2044:
1975:
1926:
1850:
1830:
1604:
1456:
1155:
1117:
818:
722:
416:
278:
155:
35:
31:
1235:
2823:
2818:
2773:
2470:
2465:
2354:
2349:
2261:
2227:
2108:
2048:
1860:
1809:
1647:
1628:
1321:
1088:
945:
810:
771:
714:
706:
667:
649:
628:
Gauglitz, Gerd G; Korting, Hans C; Pavicic, Tatiana; Ruzicka, Thomas; Jeschke, Marc G (2011).
603:
595:
524:
473:
455:
408:
400:
334:
227:
207:
61:
1639:
2968:
2932:
2237:
1819:
1623:
1612:
1484:
1065:
1057:
802:
761:
753:
698:
657:
641:
587:
514:
504:
463:
447:
390:
324:
316:
134:
120:
106:
2540:
2029:
1845:
1759:
1616:
1594:
1573:
1479:
1038:
210:, where the edges of the skin are pulled together to close the wound, is a normal part of
94:
74:
2254:
1160:
742:"Establishing a Reproducible Hypertrophic Scar following Thermal Injury: A Porcine Model"
3025:
3020:
2843:
2710:
2394:
2194:
2168:
2130:
1959:
1921:
1840:
1789:
1769:
1764:
1742:
1542:
1509:
1364:
1349:
1331:
1258:
1230:
1012:
891:
766:
702:
662:
629:
519:
492:
468:
435:
329:
304:
243:
899:
895:
887:
790:
3074:
3059:
2942:
2906:
2901:
2763:
2705:
2597:
2399:
2249:
2147:
2120:
1948:
1865:
1377:
1354:
1017:
1007:
806:
420:
223:
211:
822:
726:
3037:
2937:
2896:
2886:
2881:
2803:
2587:
2582:
2517:
2490:
2359:
2315:
2305:
1906:
1718:
1696:
1537:
1494:
1489:
1225:
1070:
1048:
17:
910:
757:
2947:
2793:
2715:
2040:
1855:
1824:
1731:
1578:
988:
940:
66:
195:
In response to impending muscle damage associated with ATP (energy) deficiency,
2916:
2798:
2637:
2577:
2428:
2424:
2404:
2310:
1984:
1965:
1889:
1884:
1773:
1561:
1547:
1418:
1387:
1299:
1245:
1033:
872:
868:
864:
645:
591:
395:
142:
116:
113:
814:
710:
653:
599:
509:
459:
451:
404:
2768:
2461:
2116:
1980:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1443:
1423:
1401:
1002:
916:
378:
86:
775:
686:
671:
607:
528:
477:
412:
338:
718:
3032:
2202:
1955:
1943:
1931:
1911:
1835:
1804:
1726:
1671:
1308:
258:
179:
167:(restriction of blood flow) leading to the death of muscle tissue, as in
164:
127:
34:. For short-term contraction of muscles that occurs during exercise, see
2060:
847:
320:
1880:
1691:
305:"Joint contracture following prolonged stay in the intensive care unit"
2752:
2592:
2563:
2453:
1875:
1675:
1532:
957:
859:
303:
Clavet H, HĂ©bert PC, Fergusson D, Doucette S, Trudel G (March 2008).
1916:
1738:
1341:
98:
73:
1810:
Inappropriate rapid heart rate response to exercise (tachycardia)
921:
2891:
1683:
1565:
1466:
1099:
2536:
2064:
1643:
1262:
961:
1410:
1150:
105:), or resolve over time but reoccur later in life (such as in
436:"The collagen VI-related myopathies: muscle meets its matrix"
2532:
141:
and other exercise regimens targeted towards people with
97:, tendons, skin, and nearby soft tissues that causes the
837:
685:
Roten, S. V.; Bhat, S.; Bhawan, J. (February 1996).
491:
Nambi, Gopal S & Amisha Atul Kumar Shah (2013).
2986:
2961:
2925:
2874:
2751:
2744:
2724:
2683:
2676:
2651:
2618:
2611:
2570:
2489:
2452:
2445:
2413:
2368:
2323:
2304:
2283:
2274:
2193:
2107:
2098:
1993:
1899:
1782:
1752:
1717:
1682:
1587:
1560:
1508:
1465:
1442:
1409:
1400:
1363:
1340:
1307:
1298:
1218:
1169:
1141:
1108:
1079:
1056:
1047:
1026:
995:
931:
841:
60:
46:
2345:Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration
789:Linares, Hugo A.; Larson, Duane L. (1976-10-01).
574:Kwan, Peter O.; Tredget, Edward E. (2017-05-01).
746:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open
576:"Biological Principles of Scar and Contracture"
198:Congenital abnormalities of muscle development.
2664:Focused assessment with sonography for trauma
2548:
2076:
1655:
1274:
973:
8:
1182:Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis
2748:
2680:
2615:
2555:
2541:
2533:
2449:
2320:
2280:
2104:
2083:
2069:
2061:
1662:
1648:
1640:
1406:
1304:
1281:
1267:
1259:
1053:
980:
966:
958:
838:
52:
43:
765:
661:
518:
508:
467:
394:
328:
27:Permanent shortening of a muscle or joint
2131:Stenosing tenosynovitis (Trigger finger)
791:"Elastic tissue and hypertrophic scars"
295:
112:It is usually in response to prolonged
2006:Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
7:
623:
621:
619:
617:
569:
567:
542:
540:
538:
434:Bönnemann, Carsten G. (2011-06-21).
2994:Acute respiratory distress syndrome
2335:Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder
1805:Dynamic symptoms (exercise-induced)
703:10.1111/j.1600-0560.1996.tb00775.x
25:
1434:Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
2999:Chronic traumatic encephalopathy
687:"Elastic fibers in scar tissue"
234:without surgical intervention.
3050:Post-traumatic stress disorder
691:Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
188:A muscle imbalance between an
1:
3086:Early complications of trauma
2340:Shoulder impingement syndrome
2183:Tenosynovial giant cell tumor
1177:Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
497:International Journal of Yoga
190:agonist and antagonist muscle
78:Hand contractures as seen in
2691:Advanced trauma life support
2659:Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
2162:Synovial osteochondromatosis
1500:Patellofemoral pain syndrome
807:10.1016/0305-4179(76)90003-6
758:10.1097/GOX.0000000000000277
150:Causes of muscle contracture
1206:Adult-onset Still's disease
1143:Connective tissue disorders
353:"Definition of contracture"
3102:
153:
29:
2732:Resuscitative thoracotomy
2620:Clinical prediction rules
2037:Pseudoathletic appearance
1871:Intermittent claudication
646:10.2119/molmed.2009.00153
592:10.1016/j.hcl.2016.12.004
440:Nature Reviews. Neurology
396:10.1016/j.nmd.2021.10.006
174:Muscle injury leading to
51:
2628:Abbreviated Injury Scale
2380:Iliotibial band syndrome
1133:Enteropathic arthropathy
510:10.4103/0973-6131.113413
452:10.1038/nrneurol.2011.81
269:Freeman–Sheldon syndrome
80:Freeman–Sheldon syndrome
2859:Penetrating head injury
2854:Intracranial hemorrhage
2513:Aggressive fibromatosis
2503:Dupuytren's contracture
1971:Rippling muscle disease
1475:Chondromalacia patellae
383:Neuromuscular Disorders
264:Dupuytren's contracture
3055:Subcutaneous emphysema
3014:Volkmann's contracture
2864:Traumatic brain injury
2701:Early appropriate care
2696:Damage control surgery
2177:villonodular synovitis
1949:Muscle channelopathies
1800:Myogenic hyperuricemia
1452:Angular limb deformity
1201:Palindromic rheumatism
1128:Ankylosing spondylitis
1071:Tuberculosis arthritis
552:stanfordhealthcare.org
284:Volkmann's contracture
274:Marden–Walker syndrome
169:Volkmann's contracture
121:spastic cerebral palsy
82:
2829:Thoracic aorta injury
2789:Diaphragmatic rupture
2633:Injury Severity Score
2603:Trauma triad of death
2092:Soft tissue disorders
1846:Hyperthyroid myopathy
1373:Boutonniere deformity
249:Burn scar contracture
216:burn scar contracture
77:
3004:Compartment syndrome
2643:Revised Trauma Score
2508:Plantar fibromatosis
2136:De Quervain syndrome
2013:Compartment syndrome
1841:Hypothyroid myopathy
1831:Metabolic myopathies
1795:Exercise intolerance
1743:Hypothyroid myopathy
1609:Abnormal angulation
1533:Bunion/hallux valgus
1327:Subacromial bursitis
1189:Rheumatoid arthritis
254:Capsular contracture
139:occupational therapy
2839:Blunt kidney trauma
2809:Pulmonary contusion
2390:Achilles tendinitis
2385:Patellar tendinitis
2156:osteochondromatosis
2143:Transient synovitis
2126:Calcific tendinitis
2025:Diastasis of muscle
2001:Myositis ossificans
1429:Protrusio acetabuli
1383:Swan neck deformity
1317:Adhesive capsulitis
1123:Psoriatic arthritis
321:10.1503/cmaj.071056
93:is a shortening of
3081:Muscular disorders
2953:Spinal cord injury
2912:Penetrating trauma
2779:Soft tissue injury
2291:Ligamentous laxity
2045:Muscle hypertrophy
2041:Muscle hyperplasia
1976:Periodic paralysis
1927:Muscle contracture
1851:Hypoparathyroidism
1605:Ligamentous laxity
1457:Unequal leg length
1156:systemic sclerosis
1118:Reactive arthritis
989:Diseases of joints
932:External resources
634:Molecular Medicine
279:Muscle contracture
228:hypertrophic scars
156:Muscle contracture
83:
36:Muscle contraction
32:Muscle contracture
18:Joint contractures
3068:
3067:
2982:
2981:
2824:Internal bleeding
2819:Cardiac tamponade
2774:Joint dislocation
2740:
2739:
2672:
2671:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2350:Rotator cuff tear
2270:
2269:
2262:Calcific bursitis
2058:
2057:
2049:Pseudohypertrophy
1900:Abnormal movement
1783:Low ATP reservoir
1637:
1636:
1629:Joint dislocation
1556:
1555:
1396:
1395:
1322:Rotator cuff tear
1256:
1255:
1214:
1213:
1089:Chondrocalcinosis
955:
954:
389:(12): 1296–1310.
208:Wound contraction
72:
71:
41:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
3093:
2974:Pediatric trauma
2969:Geriatric trauma
2933:Abdominal trauma
2749:
2681:
2616:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2534:
2450:
2418:
2373:
2328:
2321:
2281:
2105:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2062:
1820:Hitting the wall
1664:
1657:
1650:
1641:
1624:Bone malrotation
1613:Valgus deformity
1485:Luxating patella
1407:
1305:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1260:
1241:Bouchard's nodes
1194:Felty's syndrome
1066:Septic arthritis
1054:
982:
975:
968:
959:
871:, M67.1, M72.0,
839:
827:
826:
786:
780:
779:
769:
737:
731:
730:
682:
676:
675:
665:
640:(1–2): 113–125.
625:
612:
611:
571:
562:
561:
559:
558:
544:
533:
532:
522:
512:
488:
482:
481:
471:
431:
425:
424:
398:
374:
368:
367:
365:
364:
349:
343:
342:
332:
300:
203:Skin contracture
135:physical therapy
107:Bethlem myopathy
56:
44:
21:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3064:
2978:
2957:
2921:
2870:
2745:Pathophysiology
2736:
2720:
2668:
2647:
2607:
2566:
2561:
2531:
2522:
2485:
2433:
2414:
2409:
2369:
2364:
2324:
2314:
2309:
2300:
2276:
2266:
2189:
2100:
2094:
2089:
2059:
2054:
2030:Diastasis recti
1989:
1956:Pseudo-myotonia
1895:
1778:
1760:Muscle weakness
1748:
1713:
1678:
1668:
1638:
1633:
1617:Varus deformity
1595:Joint stiffness
1583:
1574:Cauliflower ear
1552:
1504:
1480:Genu recurvatum
1461:
1438:
1392:
1359:
1336:
1294:
1291:musculoskeletal
1287:
1257:
1252:
1236:Heberden's node
1219:Noninflammatory
1210:
1165:
1137:
1104:
1075:
1043:
1039:Joint stiffness
1022:
991:
986:
956:
951:
950:
927:
926:
850:
836:
831:
830:
788:
787:
783:
739:
738:
734:
684:
683:
679:
627:
626:
615:
573:
572:
565:
556:
554:
546:
545:
536:
490:
489:
485:
433:
432:
428:
376:
375:
371:
362:
360:
351:
350:
346:
302:
301:
297:
292:
240:
205:
185:Immobilization,
158:
152:
103:McArdle disease
42:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3099:
3097:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3073:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3030:
3029:
3028:
3026:Rhabdomyolysis
3021:Crush syndrome
3018:
3017:
3016:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2927:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2844:Splenic injury
2841:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2813:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2757:
2755:
2746:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2711:Trauma surgery
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2687:
2685:
2678:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2655:
2653:
2652:Investigations
2649:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2613:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2537:
2528:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2497:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2458:
2456:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2421:
2419:
2416:other/general:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2395:Calcaneal spur
2392:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2355:Golfer's elbow
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2331:
2329:
2318:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2287:
2285:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2233:Retrocalcaneal
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2199:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2172:
2171:
2169:Plica syndrome
2166:
2165:
2164:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2113:
2111:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2010:
2009:
2008:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1960:Brody myopathy
1953:
1952:
1951:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1924:
1922:Fasciculations
1919:
1914:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1887:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1861:Hypoxic muscle
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1790:Muscle fatigue
1786:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1770:Muscle atrophy
1767:
1765:Rhabdomyolysis
1762:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1723:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1688:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1644:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1568:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1543:Hallux rigidus
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1514:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1448:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1415:
1413:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1369:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1350:Cubitus valgus
1346:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1332:Winged scapula
1329:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1311:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1278:
1271:
1263:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1231:Osteoarthritis
1228:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1114:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1060:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1013:Oligoarthritis
1010:
1005:
999:
997:
993:
992:
987:
985:
984:
977:
970:
962:
953:
952:
949:
948:
936:
935:
933:
929:
928:
925:
924:
913:
902:
875:
851:
846:
845:
843:
842:Classification
835:
834:External links
832:
829:
828:
781:
732:
677:
613:
586:(2): 277–292.
563:
548:"Contractures"
534:
503:(2): 123–127.
483:
446:(7): 379–390.
426:
369:
357:www.cancer.gov
344:
294:
293:
291:
288:
287:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
244:Arthrogryposis
239:
236:
204:
201:
200:
199:
196:
193:
186:
183:
172:
154:Main article:
151:
148:
70:
69:
64:
58:
57:
49:
48:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3098:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3061:
3060:Wound healing
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3019:
3015:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:Complications
2985:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2943:Facial trauma
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2924:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2907:Gunshot wound
2905:
2903:
2902:Electrocution
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2764:Bone fracture
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2743:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2706:Trauma center
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2650:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2598:Resuscitation
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2558:
2553:
2551:
2546:
2544:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2412:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2400:Metatarsalgia
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2367:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2296:Hypermobility
2294:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2279:
2273:
2263:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2250:Synovial cyst
2248:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2148:Ganglion cyst
2146:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2121:Tenosynovitis
2118:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2097:
2093:
2086:
2081:
2079:
2074:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2063:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1866:Pseudohypoxia
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1781:
1775:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1708:
1707:Delayed onset
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1670:Symptoms and
1665:
1660:
1658:
1653:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:General terms
1586:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1378:Mallet finger
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1356:
1355:Cubitus varus
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1284:
1279:
1277:
1272:
1270:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1018:Polyarthritis
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1008:Monoarthritis
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
998:
994:
990:
983:
978:
976:
971:
969:
964:
963:
960:
947:
943:
942:
938:
937:
934:
930:
923:
919:
918:
914:
912:
908:
907:
903:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
884:
880:
876:
874:
870:
866:
862:
861:
857:
853:
852:
849:
844:
840:
833:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
785:
782:
777:
773:
768:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
736:
733:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
681:
678:
673:
669:
664:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
624:
622:
620:
618:
614:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
570:
568:
564:
553:
549:
543:
541:
539:
535:
530:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
502:
498:
494:
487:
484:
479:
475:
470:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
430:
427:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
397:
392:
388:
384:
380:
373:
370:
358:
354:
348:
345:
340:
336:
331:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
299:
296:
289:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
241:
237:
235:
231:
229:
225:
224:elastogenesis
219:
217:
213:
212:wound healing
209:
202:
197:
194:
191:
187:
184:
181:
177:
173:
170:
166:
163:
162:
161:
157:
149:
147:
144:
140:
136:
131:
129:
124:
122:
118:
115:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
81:
76:
68:
65:
63:
59:
55:
50:
45:
37:
33:
19:
3008:
2938:Chest injury
2897:Crush injury
2887:Blunt trauma
2882:Blast injury
2804:Pneumothorax
2588:Traumatology
2583:Major trauma
2518:Knuckle pads
2494:
2491:Fibromatosis
2481:Eosinophilic
2415:
2370:
2360:Tennis elbow
2325:
2316:Tendinopathy
2306:Enthesopathy
2255:Baker's cyst
2218:Trochanteric
2175:
2154:
2109:Synoviopathy
1917:Muscle spasm
1907:Muscle cramp
1719:Inflammation
1697:Fibromyalgia
1674:relating to
1599:
1538:Hallux varus
1495:Patella baja
1490:Patella alta
1226:Hemarthrosis
1110:Seronegative
1096:(Pseudogout)
1049:Inflammatory
939:
915:
904:
877:
854:
798:
794:
784:
749:
745:
735:
697:(1): 37–42.
694:
690:
680:
637:
633:
583:
580:Hand Clinics
579:
555:. Retrieved
551:
500:
496:
486:
443:
439:
429:
386:
382:
372:
361:. Retrieved
359:. 2011-02-02
356:
347:
315:(6): 691–7.
312:
308:
298:
232:
220:
206:
159:
133:Most of the
132:
125:
111:
90:
84:
3009:Contracture
2962:Demographic
2948:Head injury
2794:Flail chest
2716:Trauma team
2495:contracture
2476:Necrotizing
2454:Fasciopathy
2275:Noncapsular
2223:Subacromial
2213:Prepatellar
1856:Hypokalemia
1825:Second wind
1753:Destruction
1732:Pyomyositis
1600:Contracture
1579:Torticollis
1293:deformities
941:MedlinePlus
752:(2): e309.
91:contracture
67:Orthopedics
47:Contracture
3075:Categories
2917:Stab wound
2799:Hemothorax
2725:Procedures
2684:Principles
2677:Management
2638:NACA score
2612:Assessment
2578:Polytrauma
2571:Principles
2429:Tendinosis
2425:Tendinitis
2371:lower limb
2326:upper limb
2311:Enthesitis
2195:Bursopathy
1985:Hypertonia
1966:Spasticity
1890:Alcoholism
1885:Starvation
1774:Amyotrophy
1672:conditions
1548:Hammer toe
1419:Coxa valga
1402:Lower limb
1388:Wrist drop
1300:Upper limb
1246:Osteophyte
1058:Infectious
1034:Joint pain
801:(1): 4–7.
557:2023-05-07
363:2023-05-06
290:References
143:spasticity
117:spasticity
114:hypertonic
2875:Mechanism
2769:Degloving
2462:Fasciitis
2405:Bone spur
2243:Iliopsoas
2208:Olecranon
2117:Synovitis
1981:Hypotonia
1528:Foot drop
1523:Flat feet
1518:Club foot
1424:Coxa vara
1289:Acquired
1161:Sjögren's
1003:Arthritis
917:SNOMED CT
815:0305-4179
711:0303-6987
654:1076-1551
600:0749-0712
582:. Burns.
460:1759-4758
421:240123241
405:1873-2364
176:adhesions
87:pathology
62:Specialty
3033:Embolism
2446:Nonjoint
2284:Symptoms
2228:Achilles
2203:Bursitis
2099:Capsular
2018:Anterior
1944:Myotonia
1937:Adhesion
1932:Fibrosis
1912:Myokymia
1836:Diabetes
1739:Myoedema
1727:Myositis
1309:shoulder
1027:Symptoms
922:57048009
823:72414472
776:25750848
727:37823718
672:20927486
608:28363295
529:23930031
478:21691338
413:34848128
339:18332384
259:Clubfoot
238:See also
180:fibrosis
165:Ischemia
128:fibrosis
2815:Cardio
2471:Nodular
2466:Plantar
2238:Ischial
1881:Fasting
1692:Myalgia
1081:Crystal
996:General
911:D003286
767:4350315
719:8720985
663:3022978
520:3734638
469:5210181
330:2263098
95:muscles
2926:Region
2850:Neuro
2753:Injury
2593:Triage
2564:Trauma
1876:Scurvy
1676:muscle
946:003185
892:727.81
821:
813:
774:
764:
725:
717:
709:
670:
660:
652:
606:
598:
527:
517:
476:
466:
458:
419:
411:
403:
337:
327:
99:joints
2785:Resp
2277:joint
2101:joint
1994:Other
1702:Acute
1342:elbow
1170:Other
900:958.6
896:728.6
888:718.4
873:T79.6
869:M62.4
865:M24.5
819:S2CID
795:Burns
723:S2CID
417:S2CID
2892:Burn
2760:MSK
1684:Pain
1566:neck
1564:and
1562:Head
1510:foot
1467:knee
1365:hand
1100:Gout
1094:CPPD
906:MeSH
883:9-CM
811:ISSN
772:PMID
715:PMID
707:ISSN
668:PMID
650:ISSN
604:PMID
596:ISSN
525:PMID
474:PMID
456:ISSN
409:PMID
401:ISSN
335:PMID
309:CMAJ
178:and
109:1).
89:, a
3043:fat
3038:air
2835:GI
1444:leg
1411:hip
1151:SLE
879:ICD
856:ICD
803:doi
762:PMC
754:doi
699:doi
658:PMC
642:doi
588:doi
515:PMC
505:doi
464:PMC
448:doi
391:doi
325:PMC
317:doi
313:178
85:In
3077::
2464::
2047:/
2043:/
1983:/
1883:/
944::
920::
909::
898:,
894:,
890:,
886::
867:,
863::
860:10
817:.
809:.
797:.
793:.
770:.
760:.
748:.
744:.
721:.
713:.
705:.
695:23
693:.
689:.
666:.
656:.
648:.
638:17
636:.
632:.
616:^
602:.
594:.
584:33
578:.
566:^
550:.
537:^
523:.
513:.
499:.
495:.
472:.
462:.
454:.
442:.
438:.
415:.
407:.
399:.
387:31
385:.
381:.
355:.
333:.
323:.
311:.
307:.
218:.
137:,
2556:e
2549:t
2542:v
2493:/
2427:/
2313:/
2308:/
2119:/
2084:e
2077:t
2070:v
2051:)
2039:(
1962:)
1958:(
1892:)
1829:(
1772:/
1745:)
1741:(
1663:e
1656:t
1649:v
1615:/
1282:e
1275:t
1268:v
981:e
974:t
967:v
881:-
858:-
848:D
825:.
805::
799:3
778:.
756::
750:3
729:.
701::
674:.
644::
610:.
590::
560:.
531:.
507::
501:6
480:.
450::
444:7
423:.
393::
366:.
341:.
319::
222:(
192:,
171:.
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
