180:
provide numerous examples of
Brahmin families coming from various parts of India to settle in Bengal. According to Roy, the migrant Brahmins might mingle with the existing Brahmins of Bengal. The epigraphic evidence indicates that although the Palas were a great patron of Buddhism, they supported and endowed Brahmins too. The land grants made by Palas to Brahmins were carried out with orthodox Hindu rituals as described in the inscriptions of Palas. This evidence shows that even in the period of the Pala dynasty, Brahminic practices prevailed. The Varman kings were the rulers of eastern Bengal from 1050 to 1150 C.E., while the Sena kings gained influence in Gauda. Eventually, the Senas became the rulers of all of Bengal. The Sena and Varman kings were followers of Brahmanism and were considered orthodox in their beliefs. Historians believe that these rulers introduced certain aspects of Brahmanism to Bengal, which had a more adaptable society compared to the southern and western parts of India where Brahmanism was more strict.
170:. The Dhanaidaha copper-plate inscription, dated to 433 C.E., is the earliest of them and records a grantee Brahmin named Varahasvamin The Vaigram edict (447β48) mentions land grants to Brahmans in the Pundravardhana region. The Damodarpur copper inscriptions, discovered in the Dinajpur area of Bengal's Rajshahi division, describe a century of the Gupta period, from 443β44 C.E. to 533β34 C.E., also revealing the presence of the Brahmanical group in Bengal; Sircar, however, finds this interpretation doubtful. During the Gupta period, many Brahmins arrived in Bengal from various parts of India. Archaeologists found three copper plate grants in the district of Faridpur in East Bengal, with the first two attributed to Dharmaditya and the last to Gopacandra. Among the recipients of these grants were Brahmins, implying the existence of Brahmins at that time. The 7th-century
1583:
175:
these independent kings between the middle of the sixth and seventh centuries were Hindu
Brahmanists. Shashanka, a king of Gauda at the beginning of the seventh century, notably stood out as being opposed to Buddhism. Evidence indicates Brahmanism's continuous growth in Bengal during the reign of these autonomous kings. During Harshavardhan's reign,
44:
278:(favoured attributes), among which was insistence on same-rank marriages. Multiple accounts of this legend exist; historians generally consider it to be nothing more than myth or folklore, lacking historical authenticity. The tradition continues by saying that these incomers settled and each became the founder of a clan.
174:
mentions that a marshy land tract adjacent to an existing settlement was given to more than 208 Vaidika
Brahmins (Brahmins versed in the Vedas) belonging to 56 gotras and different Vedic schools. After the Hun invasion in the fifth century, Bengal had been ruled by several independent rulers. Most of
179:
visited Bengal. His records suggest that certain
Bengali Brahmins had become monarchs. The ruler of Samatata, whose reign covered the first part of the 7th century C.E., was a Brahmin. Several Brahmins gradually came from central India beginning in the eighth century, and epigraphs of the time
165:
era, as depicted in the
Mahasthan inscription. By the end of the 3rd century C.E., the region came under the rule of the Magadha Empire under Samudragupta and remained within this empire until the mid-6th century C.E. According to contemporary historians, Brahmanism was found to have gained
747:
Shin, Jae-Eun (1 January 2018). Region Formed and
Imagined: Reconsidering Temporal, Spatial and Social Context of KΔmarΕ«pa, in Lipokmar Dzuvichu and Manjeet Baruah (eds), Modern Practices in North East India: History, Culture, Representation, London and New York: Routledge, 2018, pp.
214:
Referring to the linkages between class and caste in Bengal, Bandyopadhyay mentions that the
Brahmins, along with the other two upper castes, refrained from physical labour but controlled land, and as such represented "the three traditional higher castes of Bengal".
191:, his purpose being to provide education for the Brahmins already in the area whom he thought to be ignorant, and revive traditional orthodox Brahminical Hinduism. As per tradition, these five immigrant Brahmins and their descendants went on to become the
166:
prominence in Bengal as early as the fourth century C.E. The later Gupta kings of
Magadha promoted the growth of Brahmanism in the region while also showing support for Jainism and Buddhism. Multiple land-grants to Brahmins have been observed since the
1249:
Bhattacharya, Jogendra Nath (1896). Hindu Castes and Sects: An
Exposition of the Origin of the Hindu Caste System and the Bearing of the Sects toward Each Other and toward Other Religious Systems. Calcutta: Thacker, Spink. p.
195:. According to Sengupta, multiple accounts of this legend exist, and historians generally consider this to be nothing more than myth or folklore lacking historical authenticity. Identical stories of migration of
1237:
An
Introduction to the Study of Indian History, by Damodar Dharmanand KosΔmbi, Popular Prakasan,35c Tadeo Road, Popular Press Building, Bombay-400034, First Edition: 1956, Revised Second Edition: 1975.
1177:
207:
opines that, the desideration of Bengali Brahmins to gain more prestige by connecting themselves with the Brahmins from the west, 'could have contributed' to the establishment of the system of '
270:, his purpose being to provide education for the Brahmins already in the area, whom he thought to be ignorant, and to revive traditional orthodox Brahminical Hinduism. These
1706:
1123:
1373:
2135:
1068:
Das, S. (1990). Communal Violence in Twentieth Century Colonial Bengal: An Analytical Framework. Social Scientist, 18(6/7), 21. doi:10.2307/3517477
1185:
376:
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of Bengal were primarily, but not exclusively, drawn from these three castes, who continue to maintain a collective hegemony in West Bengal.
285:("superior") in order to differentiate them from the more established local Brahmins. The surnames commonly used by the Kulin Brahmins are
957:
223:
Apart from the common classification as Kulina, Srotriya and Vangaja, Bengali Brahmins are divided into the following clans or divisions:
2094:
1011:
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For a long period, Bengal was not part of Vedic culture. However, North Bengal was a part of the Aryan acculturation during the
1208:
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2125:
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1862:
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1986:
1872:
1614:
410:(1929β1987), Indian playback singer, actor, music director, lyricist, writer, director, producer and screenwriter
391:
421:
1036:
Social Mobility in Developing Countries: Concepts, Methods, and Determinants: Studies in development economics
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1960:
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119:
1976:
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545:
417:
348:
318:
99:
463:
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429:(1794β1846), one of the first Indian industrialists to form an enterprise with British partners
183:
It is traditionally believed that much later, in the 11th century CE, after the decline of the
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1939:
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1314:
1283:
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1214:
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1802:
1757:
1711:
1671:
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1514:
1469:
1306:
1279:
Epigraphy and Islamic Culture: Inscriptions of the Early Muslim Rulers of Bengal (1205β1494)
849:
529:
413:
395:
142:
67:
518:"Space of Deprivation: The 19th Century Bengali Kerani in the Bhadrolok Milieu of Calcutta"
1882:
1877:
1867:
1762:
1731:
1701:
1124:"Bankim Chandra β the man who wrote Vande Mataram, capturing colonial India's imagination"
372:
342:
329:, and continued to migrate for several decades thereafter to escape Islamist persecution.
91:
1582:
994:"The Social and Religious Background for Transmission of Gaudiya Vaisnavism to the West"
760:"The Social and Religious Background for Transmission of Gaudiya Vaisnavism to the West"
1955:
1929:
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1981:
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1676:
1454:
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1403:
853:
357:
338:
266:, a Hindu king, Adi Sura, brought in five Brahmins and their five attendants from
167:
911:
884:
802:
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1887:
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1837:
1797:
1536:
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STUDIES IN THE SOCIETY AND ADMINISTRATION OF ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL INDIA VOL. 1
533:
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176:
131:
43:
17:
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1546:
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1413:
352:
286:
150:
1098:"Book review 'A Nation in Making': Banerjea's nation-A man and his history"
2069:
1772:
1531:
1509:
1459:
322:
290:
208:
57:
29:
Hindu caste originating from the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent
590:
Offering Flowers, Feeding Skulls: Popular Goddess Worship in West Bengal
549:
517:
2074:
2059:
1847:
1474:
1243:
NN Bhattacharyya, Bharatiya Jati Varna Pratha (Bengali), Calcutta, 1987
267:
111:
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2023:
1991:
1934:
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1635:
1563:
1558:
1464:
1444:
1408:
259:
188:
138:
115:
1310:
1246:
RC Majumdar, Vangiya Kulashastra (Bengali), 2nd ed, Calcutta, 1989.
2064:
2054:
1767:
325:, migrated en masse to be within the borders of the newly defined
271:
146:
123:
81:
1351:
889:. International School of Dravidian Linguistics. pp. 53β54.
618:
Brahmanic Settlements in Different Subdivisions of Ancient Bengal
492:
Caste, Culture, and Hegemony: Social Dominance in Colonial Bengal
465:
Caste, Culture, and Hegemony: Social Dominance in Colonial Bengal
1479:
321:, many Brahmins, whose original homes were in the newly created
1355:
1059:"Pakistan: The Ravaging of Golden Bengal". Time. 2 August 1971.
1297:
Witzel, Michael (1993). "Toward a History of the Brahmins".
1033:
Iversen, Vegard; Krishna, Anirudh; Sen, Kunal, eds. (2022).
457:
455:
388:, first Indian to pass the Indian civil service examination
1240:
Atul Sur, Banglar Samajik Itihas (Bengali), Calcutta, 1976
638:. FIRMA K. L. MUKHOPADHYAY, CALCUTTA. pp. 1β4, 18β19.
620:. Indian Studies: Past & Present. pp. 19, 37β38.
686:"Four More Gupta-period Copperplate Grants from Bengal"
187:, a Hindu king, Adisura brought in five Brahmins from
1178:"Protocol to keep President Pranab off Puja customs"
1086:
Bhattacharya, "Raybaghini o Bhurishrestha Rajkahini"
1077:
Bhattacharya, "Raybaghini o Bhurishrestha Rajkahini"
2087:
2037:
2016:
2009:
1969:
1948:
1917:
1910:
1745:
1664:
1628:
1597:
1590:
1427:
1396:
1389:
262:. In the 11th century CE, after the decline of the
87:
73:
63:
53:
36:
1255:
145:, are regarded among the three traditional higher
996:. In Bromley, David G.; Shinn, Larry D. (eds.).
796:
794:
792:
790:
762:. In Bromley, David G.; Shinn, Larry D. (eds.).
737:. Indian Academy of Social Sciences. p. 14.
1707:International Society for Krishna Consciousness
1367:
1152:"Kishore Kumar birthday: His favourite songs"
1000:. Bucknell University Press. pp. 35β36.
766:. Bucknell University Press. pp. 35β36.
710:History of the Bengali People: Ancient Period
377:8th and present Chief Minister of West Bengal
8:
848:, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 1β2,
807:. UBS Publishers' Distributors. p. 25.
2013:
1914:
1594:
1393:
1374:
1360:
1352:
1258:Rabindranath Tagore: The Myriad-Minded Man
987:
985:
712:. Orient Longman. pp. 170β172, 191.
690:Pratna Samiksha: A Journal of Archaeology
254:trace their ancestry to five families of
1344:Journey Of The Dutta - Kannauj to Bengal
1299:Journal of the American Oriental Society
1039:. Oxford University Press. p. 289.
658:Caste Dynamics Among the Bengali Hindus
592:. Oxford University Press. p. 20.
451:
827:
804:History of the Bengali-Speaking People
33:
1146:
1144:
933:Creative Society: Prospects for India
703:
701:
699:
317:When the British left India in 1947,
7:
1341:Chaudhuri, Hemotpaul (5 June 2022).
1207:Littrup, Lisbeth (28 October 2013).
913:Caste and class in pre-Muslim Bengal
679:
677:
651:
649:
647:
645:
629:
627:
611:
609:
274:Brahmins were supposed to have nine
149:of Bengal. In the colonial era, the
2095:Bengali Hindu mythology and culture
958:"Reflections on Kulin Polygamy, p2"
886:A Handbook of West Bengal, Volume 1
281:These Brahmins were designated as
199:exist under the legendary king of
114:, who traditionally reside in the
25:
1184:. 11 October 2011. Archived from
1014:from the original on 19 July 2023
998:Krishna consciousness in the West
764:Krishna consciousness in the West
495:. Sage Publications. p. 25.
468:. Sage Publications. p. 20.
172:Nidhanpur copperplate inscription
137:The Bengali Brahmins, along with
1737:Yogoda Satsanga Society of India
1581:
588:McDaniel, June (5 August 2004).
42:
2136:Brahmin communities by language
1276:Siddiq, Mohammad Yusuf (2015).
919:(Thesis). University of London.
565:What Happened to the Bhadralok?
522:Asian Journal of Social Science
1687:Brahmo Conference Organisation
1254:Dutta, K; Robinson, A (1995),
930:Khandawalla, Pradip N (2014).
854:10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe043
735:The Tragic Partition of Bengal
489:Bandyopadhyay, Sekhar (2004).
462:Bandyopadhyay, Sekhar (2004).
404:(1911β2001), Indian film actor
398:novelist, poet and journalist
203:. According to Sayantani Pal,
1:
1122:Khan, Fatima (8 April 2019).
2131:Social groups of West Bengal
1863:Swami Vivekananda's Birthday
1210:Identity In Asian Literature
1096:Dutt, Ajanta (6 July 2016).
936:. Wide Canvas. p. 117.
801:Sengupta, Nitish K. (2001).
733:Ghosh, Suniti Kumar (2002).
660:. Firma KLM. pp. 6β11.
420:and a veteran leader of the
384:(1848β1925), founder of the
323:Islamic Republic of Pakistan
319:carving out separate nations
1722:Self-Realization Fellowship
992:Hopkins, Thomas J. (1989).
758:Hopkins, Thomas J. (1989).
656:Sarma, Jyotirmoyee (1980).
516:Chakrabarti, Sumit (2017).
386:Indian National Association
122:, currently comprising the
110:are the community of Hindu
2152:
883:Saha, Sanghamitra (1998).
846:The Encyclopedia of Empire
1579:
1213:. Routledge. p. 94.
708:Ray, Niharranjan (1994).
534:10.1163/15685314-04501003
392:Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
41:
910:Narottam, Kundu (1963).
692:. New Series (9): 15β57.
684:Griffiths, Arlo (2018).
422:Indian National Congress
369:, Queen of Bhurishrestha
48:A Bengali Brahmin priest
1682:Bharat Sevashram Sangha
840:Pal, Sayantani (2016),
567:. Delhi: Primus Books.
563:Ghosh, Parimal (2016).
418:13th President of India
349:Raja Krishnachandra Roy
313:Post Partition of India
2100:Bengali Hindu diaspora
1788:Dhamrai Jagannath Roth
1262:, St. Martin's Press,
634:SIRCAR, D. C. (1959).
616:Niyogi, Puspa (1967).
1961:Rabindra Nritya Natya
382:Surendranath Banerjee
2126:Bengali Hindu castes
1727:Sri Aurobindo Ashram
970:on 10 September 2016
394:(1838β1894), Indian
256:Kanyakubja Brahmins
130:and the country of
120:Indian subcontinent
1977:Vaishnava Padavali
100:Kanyakubja Brahmin
2108:
2107:
2083:
2082:
2005:
2004:
1997:Hungry generation
1940:Bishnupur gharana
1906:
1905:
1717:Ramakrishna Order
1577:
1576:
1220:978-1-136-10426-8
1188:on 31 August 2020
1046:978-0-1928-9685-8
1007:978-0-8387-5144-2
863:978-1-118-45507-4
773:978-0-8387-5144-2
719:978-0-86311-378-9
667:978-0-8364-0633-7
599:978-0-19-534713-5
502:978-0-761-99849-5
427:Dwarkanath Tagore
341:, founder of the
327:Republic of India
105:
104:
16:(Redirected from
2143:
2121:Bengali Brahmins
2014:
1925:Rabindra Sangeet
1915:
1853:Jagaddhatri Puja
1813:Vishwakarma Puja
1808:Ganesh Chaturthi
1758:Rabindra Jayanti
1712:Matua Mahasangha
1672:Adi Brahmo Samaj
1620:Matuasmritokotha
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1585:
1394:
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963:. Archived from
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513:
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486:
480:
479:
459:
414:Pranab Mukherjee
375:(1955βpresent),
258:who migrated to
197:Orissan Brahmins
108:Bengali Brahmins
74:Populated states
46:
37:Bengali Brahmins
34:
21:
2151:
2150:
2146:
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2110:
2109:
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2079:
2033:
2001:
1965:
1944:
1902:
1883:Maha Shivaratri
1868:Makar Sankranti
1763:Akshaya Tritiya
1741:
1732:Vedanta Society
1702:Gaudiya Mission
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1335:Further reading
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1158:. 4 August 2011
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49:
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1450:Baishya Kapali
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1371:
1364:
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1305:(2): 264β268.
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2010:Folk culture
1982:Mangal-Kavya
1823:Lakshmi Puja
1697:Gaudiya Math
1692:Brahmo Samaj
1677:Ananda Marga
1455:Baishya Saha
1343:
1302:
1298:
1278:
1257:
1209:
1202:
1190:. Retrieved
1186:the original
1181:
1172:
1160:. Retrieved
1155:
1131:. Retrieved
1127:
1117:
1107:12 September
1105:. Retrieved
1101:
1091:
1082:
1073:
1064:
1055:
1035:
1028:
1016:. Retrieved
997:
972:. Retrieved
965:the original
952:
932:
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905:
885:
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867:, retrieved
845:
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777:. Retrieved
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339:Raja Ganesha
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264:Pala dynasty
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222:
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185:Pala dynasty
182:
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136:
107:
106:
31:
26:
1888:Dol Purnima
1843:Shakta Rash
1838:Bhai Phonta
1798:Janmashtami
1485:Gandhabanik
1162:25 February
1156:India Today
828:Witzel 1993
528:(1/2): 56.
402:Ashok Kumar
307:Chakrabarti
239:Madhyasreni
177:Huyen-tsang
128:West Bengal
78:West Bengal
2115:Categories
2038:Folk dance
1970:Literature
1818:Durga Puja
1641:Kartabhaja
1505:Kansabanik
1232:References
1133:13 January
1018:31 October
869:5 February
779:31 October
351:, Raja of
295:Chatterjee
205:D.C Sircar
151:Bhadraloks
132:Bangladesh
2045:Raibenshe
2029:Sholapith
1873:Maghotsab
1833:Kali Puja
1746:Festivals
1656:Vaishnava
1542:Namasudra
1500:Kaibartya
1414:Bhadralok
1319:0003-0279
1128:The Print
542:1568-4849
353:Nadia Raj
345:of Bengal
287:Mukherjee
242:Sakadwipi
236:Saptasati
168:Gupta Era
143:Kayasthas
126:state of
64:Languages
54:Religions
2070:Gombhira
2017:Folk art
1987:Panchali
1773:Shashthi
1615:Panchali
1591:Religion
1547:Namassej
1532:Mahishya
1515:Kayastha
1510:Karmakar
1460:Barujibi
1012:Archived
974:29 April
550:44508277
434:See also
291:Banerjee
230:Varendra
209:kulinism
112:Brahmins
58:Hinduism
2075:Kavigan
2060:Dhamail
1911:Culture
1848:Nabanna
1525:Maulika
1475:Chunaru
1470:Brahmin
1390:Society
1192:12 July
396:Bengali
299:Ganguly
268:Kannauj
233:Vaidika
163:Mauryan
157:History
139:Baidyas
68:Bengali
2088:Others
2024:Dhokra
1992:Kallol
1935:Kirtan
1828:Diwali
1665:Orders
1651:Shakta
1646:Shaiva
1636:Brahmo
1610:Chandi
1564:Shunri
1559:Sadgop
1552:Avarna
1445:Baidya
1428:Castes
1409:Bangal
1397:Groups
1327:603031
1325:
1317:
1286:
1266:
1217:
1043:
1004:
940:
893:
860:
811:
770:
748:23β55.
716:
664:
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540:
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472:
283:Kulina
260:Bengal
189:Kanauj
147:castes
124:Indian
116:Bengal
2065:Alkap
2055:Paika
2050:Chhau
1949:Dance
1918:Music
1898:Gajan
1803:Bhadu
1629:Sects
1598:Books
1537:Malla
1520:Kulin
1465:Bauri
1440:Bagdi
1435:Aguri
1419:Ghoti
1323:JSTOR
968:(PDF)
961:(PDF)
917:(PDF)
546:JSTOR
446:Notes
276:gunas
272:Vedic
227:Radhi
219:Clans
82:India
1893:Holi
1569:Yogi
1495:Hari
1404:Babu
1315:ISSN
1284:ISBN
1264:ISBN
1250:iii.
1215:ISBN
1194:2012
1164:2020
1135:2021
1109:2020
1041:ISBN
1020:2011
1002:ISBN
976:2016
938:ISBN
891:ISBN
871:2022
858:ISBN
809:ISBN
781:2011
768:ISBN
714:ISBN
662:ISBN
594:ISBN
569:ISBN
538:ISSN
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470:ISBN
305:and
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
