Knowledge (XXG)

Kutune Shirka

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153:. Many men from different tribes and locales travel to the otter's home and attempt to capture it, under the watchful eye of a red-haired hag. The hero succeeds in catching the otter, and brings it back to his home. This, however, stirs jealousy amongst the other tribes, and the rest of the poem deals with the battles and conflicts fought amongst them. The hero is aided by his magic sword which assists him throughout his struggles. 236:, also known by her Japanese name Matsu Kannari. Professor Kyōsuke Kindaichi then recorded the version heard from Nabesawa Wakarpa, and published this version together with Imekanu's version in 1932. Imekanu's transcription in original Ainu is a vital specimen of the Ainu language, and was examined extensively in Kindaichi's later publications concerning Ainu 215:
in the 1920s. Kindaichi had heard the epic from an old, blind Ainu man by the name of Nabesawa Wakarpa. When asked about the ballad's origins, Wakarpa denied any hand in its creation and stated that he had only recited what he had heard from others before him. Wakarpa died before the
156:
The poem ends somewhat abruptly, and it is uncertain if this was intentional. By comparing with its earlier sections, linguistic evidence seen in the last few lines suggest the beginning of a new episode in the saga. However, no other known version of the
149:. It is revealed to him that an unnamed figure has put a bounty on the capture of the golden otter. Whoever catches the otter would receive the unnamed figure's sister as a bride, along with much treasure as 220:
was published in 1932. As such, there is no credible way to calculate the epic's age. Arthur Waley suggests a broad estimate of anywhere between the 9th and 20th centuries.
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The sea otter is a significant figure in Ainu culture and mythology, and are found only at the northern tip of Japan, where the Ainu reside.
299: 125:, as is usual in Ainu oral tradition, where the storyteller takes on the role of the protagonist. Like other Ainu epics, the 90:. It is one of the most important, if not the most important, piece of Ainu literature. There have been several 122: 212: 133:
of two stressed beats per line. This was enacted by the reciter, who would tap a stick every beat.
295: 95: 36: 245: 107: 254: 189: 335: 320:. Internet Sacred Text Archive, translation by Arthur Waley. Retrieved on May 06, 2009. 329: 272: 26: 162: 315: 208: 185: 91: 87: 79: 75: 146: 193: 237: 233: 192:. The Ainu had a strong oral culture, and were well known for reciting 241: 130: 267: 249: 197: 150: 83: 71: 142: 86:. The Ainu title refers to a magic sword wielded by the story's 145:'s home. One day, the hero hears news of a golden 30: 169:seems to "break off" rather than come to an end. 165:, one of the poem's translators, felt that the 62: 47: 8: 184:was likely to have originated throughout 141:The story begins with the setting of the 283: 311: 309: 307: 248:by Arthur Waley, and published in the 121:The epic itself tells the tale from a 161:progresses any further in the story. 114:is long and covers many events. This 7: 118:is approximately 10,000 words long. 94:efforts since its compilation, into 232:was penned by the Ainu transcriber 244:. In 1951, it was translated into 14: 207:was first recorded by Japanese 294:. Cambridge University Press. 228:The first translations of the 1: 352: 203:The modern version of the 31: 63: 48: 16:Sacred epic of the Ainu 292:The languages of Japan 123:first-person narrative 290:Shibatani, M. (1990) 106:Like most epics, the 98:and other languages. 42:Itadorimaru no Kyoku 129:is recited with a 252:literary journal 213:Kyōsuke Kindaichi 343: 321: 313: 302: 288: 68: 66: 65: 53: 51: 50: 34: 33: 351: 350: 346: 345: 344: 342: 341: 340: 326: 325: 324: 314: 305: 289: 285: 281: 264: 255:Botteghe Oscure 226: 190:oral literature 188:in the form of 178: 139: 104: 60: 45: 17: 12: 11: 5: 349: 347: 339: 338: 328: 327: 323: 322: 303: 282: 280: 277: 276: 275: 270: 263: 260: 225: 222: 177: 174: 138: 135: 103: 100: 78:of the native 69:, is a sacred 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 348: 337: 334: 333: 331: 319: 318: 317:Kutune Shirka 312: 310: 308: 304: 301: 300:0-521-36918-5 297: 293: 287: 284: 278: 274: 273:Ainu language 271: 269: 266: 265: 261: 259: 257: 256: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 230:Kutune Shirka 223: 221: 219: 218:Kutune Shirka 214: 210: 206: 205:Kutune Shirka 201: 199: 196:and epics in 195: 191: 187: 183: 182:Kutune Shirka 175: 173: 170: 168: 164: 160: 159:Kutune Shirka 154: 152: 148: 144: 136: 134: 132: 128: 127:Kutune Shirka 124: 119: 117: 113: 112:Kutune Shirka 109: 101: 99: 97: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 74: 73: 59: 58: 44: 43: 38: 28: 24: 23: 22:Kutune Shirka 316: 291: 286: 253: 229: 227: 224:Translations 217: 204: 202: 186:Ainu history 181: 179: 171: 166: 163:Arthur Waley 158: 155: 140: 126: 120: 115: 111: 105: 70: 56: 55: 41: 40: 35:), known in 21: 20: 18: 209:linguistics 92:translation 88:protagonist 80:Ainu people 57:Itadorimaru 279:References 211:professor 102:Background 54:or simply 194:folktales 147:sea otter 330:Category 262:See also 96:Japanese 37:Japanese 250:Italian 246:English 238:grammar 234:Imekanu 176:History 110:of the 32:クツ゚ネシㇼカ 298:  242:syntax 131:rhythm 336:Yukar 268:Yukar 198:prose 167:yukar 151:dowry 116:yukar 84:Japan 72:yukar 49:虎杖丸の曲 296:ISBN 240:and 180:The 143:hero 137:Plot 108:plot 76:epic 27:Ainu 19:The 82:of 64:虎杖丸 39:as 332:: 306:^ 258:. 200:. 29:: 67:) 61:( 52:) 46:( 25:(

Index

Ainu
Japanese
yukar
epic
Ainu people
Japan
protagonist
translation
Japanese
plot
first-person narrative
rhythm
hero
sea otter
dowry
Arthur Waley
Ainu history
oral literature
folktales
prose
linguistics
Kyōsuke Kindaichi
Imekanu
grammar
syntax
English
Italian
Botteghe Oscure
Yukar
Ainu language

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