395:
387:(1867-1942). During the period of his leadership the educational institution experienced two important events. First of all, the school marked its fiftieth anniversary, and to mark the occasion published a unique jubilee collection of former students' recollections. The second event resulted from the fact that with the school's growing popularity, the space it occupied was beginning to be inadequate. In 1909 a part of building no. 39 on the 14th line was taken over, and according to the plan of master architect G.D. Grimm (an 1883 graduate), a unique new building was built with a bas-relief May bug above the arc of the entrance way. With a great concourse, the dedication took place on 31 October 1910. It was led by the bishop Gdovskii and by Benjamin Ladozhskii, the future metropolitan of Petrograd.
360:
were taught. Gymnasium students, having studied for nine years, as a general rule prepared for the continuation of their education at university. Young people more inclined towards the natural sciences were called non-Latinists: over the course of eight years in the natural science division they acquired a great quantity of knowledge of the exact sciences and prepared for engineering work. Until 1909,a small commercial division existed in which
English was studied instead of French. Thanks to this structure, in 1881 the official title of this secondary educational institution became "K. May Gymnasium and Natural Science College".
488:, from September 1944, lessons were begun again, only now the educational institution was called the Men's High School no. 5 (and from 1954, with the institution of co-education, simply High School no. 5). In 1966, on the initiative of the director of studies A.S. Baturina, a museum was created in the school. Along with the expositions devoted to the labor and military works of former students, there was a stand devoted to the pre-revolutionary period and the school's first director, K.I. May. However, this museum did not exist for very long, and, sadly, almost none of its exhibits were preserved.
445:
335:
1581:
406:, under the leadership of 38 highly qualified educators, 567 young men received their education here. There were many excursions, not only to famous Petersburg museums, but also to centers of production. Various circles were active: literary (publishing a printed paper, "The May collection"), historical, maritime, photographic, sporting, and aircraft-modeling (in which N.V. Fausek, a 1913 graduate, built the first model aircraft in Russia).
376:
299:
independently. All this, in combination with the high quality of education, allowed the school year after year to release highly moral, well-rounded youths, prepared for "work useful to society". Thanks to the special atmosphere springing from this educational institution (called the "May spirit"), the K. May School was the "state within a state, separated by an endless ocean from State conventionalism" (aptly expressed by 1890 graduate
1568:
592:
561:, the sculptor B.E. Kaplyanskii, the composers V.I. Tsytovich, F.D. Shevtsov, the writers G.I. Alekseev, V.S. Golovinskii, V.A. Knekht, A.A. Liverovskii, V.V. Uspenskii, L.V. Uspenskii, O.A. Khazin, F.K. Einbaum, the poet Yu. A. Liverovskii, the theatre figures F. N. Kurikhin, P.P. Podervyanskii, and M.F. Stronin. Two-time Hero of the Soviet Union, doctor of physics and mathematics, cosmonaut and former May student
588:. The director of the Institute, Professor-Emeritus of science and technology of the Russian Federation and doctor of technological sciences, member-correspondents of the Academy of Science R.M. Yusupov, with the active support of T.I. Golubeva, then head of Administration of Education and Culture of the Vasilievskii district—in 1994 made the decision to create a museum of the history of the K.I. May School.
138:
33:
496:
481:; 111 of them died courageously. Since 1984 in the current School no. 5 (13th line, no. 28) there has been a museum devoted to the 6 SAS, founded thanks to the efforts both of the school director at that time and of the current museum director L.V. Chernenkova. The museum directs the students in active patriotic work, with the aid of veterans, led by General-major V.G. Rozhkov.
979:
491:
In connection with a collapse of ceiling plaster in 1976 (requiring a renovation), the collective of educators and students were temporarily moved to another building on the 13th line (no. 28). The renovation was not completed due to lack of funds, and school activities were not reinstated in the old
452:
In the pre-war years the director of the school, its name and number (15, 12, 217, 17), the length of study (seven, nine, or ten years) changed repeatedly (see appendix 2). The "May" pedagogical traditions were in one way or another preserved until the winter of 1929, when as a result of an extensive
390:
In four floors, along with classrooms for 650 occupants, eight beautifully equipped specific-subject classrooms were built—for physics, chemistry, natural history, history, geography, drawing, modeling, and choir (three of these had auditoriums in the form of amphitheaters); there were additionally a
599:
On a clear cool day, 12 May 1995, the oldest living student, the academic D.S. Likhachev unveiled a memorial plaque—the bas-relief of a May bug, recreated by the museum and the sculptor S.N. Smirnov. After two days one more plaque appeared on the building, immortalizing the memory of the presence of
468:
Starting in the fall of 1937, in accordance with government resolution, the school also housed the 6th
Special Artillery School (6 SAS), formed on a volunteer basis of students from the 8-10th classes of this and other nearby general education schools. Between 1938 and 1941 the 6 SAS graduated four
416:
In the period comprising 1910-1917 the school truly blossomed. The last (fifty-fifth) graduation took place on 24 February 1918. Since 1856 the school had educated about 3800 Petersburg youths, 1300 of whom received the attestat degree. 15% of the graduates were awarded golden medals and 17% silver
371:
From 1861 the school was located in building no. 13 on the 10th line. The first class of the natural science division was graduated in 1863, and of the
Gymnasium, in 1865. In 1890 K.I. May handed over the reins of directorship to Vasilii Aleksandrovich Krakaw (1857-1935), an 1873 May graduate, who,
359:
From the very beginning the school consisted of two divisions. Children who appeared inclined towards the humanities were designated
Latinists and in the initial years studied in that division, later to be renamed Gymnasium. Here, along with German and French, the ancient languages Latin and Greek
603:
In the following years the museum tripled in size, and its archives now contain more than 4000 preserved items: objects, documents, photographs, audio- and videocassettes. For the museum's 10-year anniversary, in 2005, the N.K. Rerikh Art School donated a bust of K.I. May, sculpted by I.V. Volle.
298:
The system of education and upbringing created by K.I. May stipulated mutual respect and trust in the teachers and students, constant cooperation with the family, and the aspiration of the educators to allow for and develop the individual abilities of each student and to teach them to think
440:
and turned into the Soviet United Labor School, 1st and 2nd degree. Here, according to the decrees of the new authorities, co-education was introduced, while grades and the attestat degree were abolished. Later the brigade-laboratory method of study was introduced and utilized until 1932.
247:
During its first years the school was elementary, consisting of three classes, but beginning in 1861 it received the official title of "Modern School of
Gymnasium Rank", which reflected its intensively applied direction in advanced secondary education (in comparison to State educational
211:(22 September), on the initiative of a few German families seeking to provide their children with a more applied secondary education than that available in the contemporary State educational institutions, a private German boys' school was opened in a wing of building no. 56, 1st line, on
394:
453:
anti-bourgeois press campaign and the publication of unfounded accusations in the newspaper "Leningrad Pravda," from 15 January 1929 the school's educators and management were largely replaced—even the bas-relief above the entranceway was destroyed. In the beginning of the 1930s,
372:
having graduated from the historical-philosophical faculty of the university, taught history in his former school. Under his directorship the method of teaching was perfected, the natural science division developed, and the equipment of the classrooms and laboratories improved.
492:
building. All the unique classroom equipment, the furniture, memorial plaques with the names of former graduates of various years, busts of writers and scholars, and the decorated interiors were left to the whims of fate. All of it was quickly plundered and irretrievably lost.
532:
rector N.A. Bartels; military leaders—infantry general N.A. Epanchin; general-majors S.V. Belov, V.V. Volkov, V.G. Rozhkov; vice-admiral E.I. Volobuyev; contra-admirals V.A. Petrovskii, P.V. Rimskii-Korsakov, I.V. Kossovich; cultural figures—members of the association
347:
In this school, boys representing nearly all of the national diasporas of St
Petersburg were educated — Russians, Germans, French, English, Tatars, Jews, Finns, Chinese, etc. In this way, as was already noted at the beginning of the 20th century, this school
457:(1902-1946) became director of the school and recreated a good pedagogical collective; the life of the school was put to rights. The physical education instructor R.V. Ozol', organizer of the "Spartak" circle, was an especially bright figure at this time.
600:
the 6th
Special Artillery School. The museum, which is located in the former hall of the school's educational council, boasts an exhibit of 15 showcases and 25 stands, reflecting all of the founding stages of the school's 150-year history.
519:
below). Among other former students: three members of the State council of pre-revolutionary Russia—University rector D.D. Grimm, Petersburg governor A.D. Zinov'ev and
Minister of Internal Affairs, later Minister of Justice
363:
For the first 25 years the school was German, which is to say that the lessons in all subjects except
Russian language, literature and history, and a few natural science disciplines were also led in the language of
573:, and V.V. Novozhilov—were distinguished with the title "Hero of socialist labor". Five other graduates—V.V. Belomorets, M.A. Elyashevich, L.L. Kerber, V.D. Nalivkin, and V.V. Novozhilov—became laureates of the
604:
During this period about 500 groups—consisting of schoolchildren, educators, scholars, representatives of various associations, ordinary residents of
Petersburg and other Russian cities, as well as guests from
428:, school historian N.V. Blagovo, and literary theorist E. B. Belodubrovskii. To mark the 150th anniversary of the school, celebrated in 2006, N.V. Blagovo has published a second, extended edition of this book.
473:—nevertheless, 63 of them died of hunger on the way. Graduates of the 6 SAS distinguished themselves brilliantly on the fronts of the World War II, defended and liberated their native Leningrad, stormed
809:
The final, 55th class graduates from the K. May School. The school is nationalized 16 October and receives the title - Soviet United Labor School, I. and II. Levels. Co-education is introduced.
331:, among others. Moreover, in many cases this school educated several generations of one family. Among these, the Benois dynasty holds a unique record: 25 members of this clan studied "at May".
665:
Everyone should not be reduced to one level; one should work intelligently, adapting to the features of each individual personality and the degree of development of the students and teachers.
1639:
1629:
1634:
677:
One must demand of the students only that which they are capable of achieving and that which does not exceed the ability either of the class or of the individual student.
303:). Its participants, in terms of both social position and national identification, were quite diverse, without discrimination: Swiss children, sons of the princes Garin,
307:, the counts Olsufev and Stenbok-Fermor, representatives of the entrepreneur families Vargunin, Durdin, Elisseeff, Tortonov, and scions of the liberal intelligentsia
529:
413:/K. May Gymnasium and Natural Science College Field Hospital was opened in the school in September 1914; all the auxiliary duties were fulfilled by the students.
383:
In 1906, after the retirement of V.A. Krakaw, the new director was a selected graduate of the historical-philosophical faculty, the magistrate of Slavic studies
279:. In accordance with this slogan, a collective of educators was formed, consisting only of people possessing high moral and professional qualities. The writer
289:
members, or bureaucrats in uniform. The instructors at May, generation after generation, were selected on the basis of their scholarly and educational gifts.
581:
235:. In 1838, he had graduated with distinction from St. Peter's Principal German College and in 1845 from the historical-philological faculty of the
674:
Practical exercises are truly fruitful when they demand of the students independence, and when the knowledge itself is adapted to their strengths.
255:; the director and all present were very pleased with this symbol. From that point on, attendees of this school have referred to themselves as
1624:
1619:
753:
The school is granted the rights of an educational institution by the Ministry of Public Education. Instruction in Russian is introduced
692:
Enthusiasm for and diligence in certain activities deserve encouragement, but careless lagging-behind can lead to apathy in the student.
448:
May-bug as bas-relief on Saint-Petersburg Karl May school, Vasilievskiy island, 14 line, building 39. The bas-relief was rebuilt in 1995
391:
carpentry studio, a library numbering 12 000 books in Russian, German, French, English, Latin and Greek, a sports hall and a cafeteria.
695:
Punishment is effective only when it is understood by the accused and completely corresponds in degree to the severity of the misdeed.
236:
124:
1119:
1040:
54:
1337:
991:
The pride and glory of the school. Active members and members-correspondent of the Academy of Sciences and the Academy of Arts
521:
668:
The mind, moral qualities, aesthetic sense, will, and health of the student should all concern the teacher to an equal degree.
105:
58:
77:
503:
Graduates of the school achieved great successes in various branches of science and culture. More than 100 of them became
147:
948:
Two memorial plaques are placed on building no.39, 14th line. The Museum of the History of the K. May School is opened
84:
585:
662:
There may be different methods, but education and upbringing must in any case remain the final aim of all teaching.
328:
224:
761:
K.I. May retires, but continues his activities as an honorary administrator. V.A. Krakau is confirmed as director
379:
Facade view of Saint-Petersburg Karl May school, 14 line, building 39 on October 31, 1910, designed by G.D. Grimm
228:
91:
469:
classes. On 5 February 1942, during the cruel winter of the blockade, starving schoolchildren were evacuated to
512:
444:
417:
medals for exceptional academic success. According to the norms of the time, "realists" were not given medals.
43:
350:
could in no way be called monarchical, democratic, republican, or aristocratic. It always strove to be human.
251:
At the end of the 1850s one of the school performances opened with herald walking with flags emblazoned with
793:
The school hosts Russia's first model-aircraft circle; the literary magazine "The May Collection" is issued
569:
was one of the first to be given (in 1926) the title "Hero of labor", and that three graduates—V.V. Volkov,
324:
73:
62:
47:
334:
671:
Value not bare information, but rather internal enlightenment, a feeling for truth, and strength of will.
833:
The 6th Special Artillery School (SAS) is founded, on the basis of the 8-10th general education classes
410:
801:
The K. May Gymnasium and Natural Science College/Emperor Aleksandr I Memorial Field Hospital is opened
420:
This piece of history was described in greater detail for the first time in the book (published 1990)
1582:
St. Petersburg Institute of Information Technology and Automation, of the Russian Academy of Sciences
1301:
316:
1114:
232:
219:(1820–1895), a talented professional educator and follower of the progressive educational views of
1035:
777:
V.A. Krakau retires. A.L. Lipovskii is chosen as director. The school marks its 50th anniversary
508:
485:
478:
216:
212:
1178:
644:
were introduced to the history of the school and left grateful messages in the visitor's book.
1392:
558:
504:
220:
98:
1373:
1282:
1142:
570:
550:
542:
538:
499:
Face side of golden medal, awarded to graduates until 1918. Inscription: "To the successful"
458:
425:
320:
300:
187:
179:
656:
The main task of the instructor is to prepare the youth for work that is useful to society.
375:
1567:
1016:
525:
437:
591:
1519:
1411:
566:
562:
546:
659:
Give the students true knowledge, as it alone has immutable meaning and true strength.
1613:
1483:
713:
In building no.56, 1st line, V.O., on 10 September, a private men's school is opened
613:
534:
308:
286:
312:
280:
698:
The family, the school and the church are the three forces that educate humankind.
580:
From 1978 to the present day, the former school building has been occupied by the
17:
574:
403:
137:
32:
495:
1571:
Medal of O.D. Khvolson, awarded him at the Universal Exhibition in Paris, 1900
1430:
633:
162:
149:
978:
554:
304:
641:
462:
272:
268:
283:, a 1918 graduate of the school, remarked in his memoirs (paraphrased):
892:
The director of academics of the school, A.S. Baturina, opens a museum
850:
470:
252:
208:
972:
The book "The School on Valisievskii (part I) 1856-1918" is published
686:
The aim of education is not to break the child's will, but to form it.
338:
Jubilee breast pin, awarded to the graduating classes of 1906 and 1916
285:
At May there are not and could not be educator-obscurantists, teacher-
1120:
637:
629:
609:
474:
365:
191:
817:
A.L. Lipovskii is freed from his position as director of the school
680:
The example of the teacher is the most effective means of education.
436:
In autumn 1918, the private educational institution of K.I. May was
1566:
1041:
977:
785:
30 October the school moves to its new address: 14th line, no. 39
625:
621:
617:
590:
494:
443:
393:
374:
333:
136:
769:
K.I. May dies 20 March. A scholarship is established in his name
582:
St. Petersburg Institute of Information Technology and Automation
507:, 29 were elected active members or member-correspondents of the
605:
1604:
565:
also warmly remembered the school. We should also mention that
884:
The school changes to incomplete secondary level (eight-year)
26:
553:, A.E. Yakovlev, as well as O.G. Vereysky, P. Ya. Pavlinov,
729:
The first graduating class of the natural science division
689:
A young being can succeed in everything if he is trusted.
924:
SPIIRAN moves into the old building (14th line, no. 39)
267:
The school's principal motto was the founder of modern
908:
The school once again changes to incomplete secondary
982:
Breast pin, awarded to the graduating classes of 1919
737:
The first graduating class of the Gymnasium division
595:
Library in Museum of the history of the K. May school
409:
After the start of the war with Germany, the Emperor
956:
Eleven-year education is introduced in School no. 5
940:The book "The School on Valisievskii" is published
424:, authored by several former "May-bugs"—academic
1640:Cultural heritage monuments in Saint Petersburg
8:
1630:Educational institutions established in 1856
964:First graduation of two eleven-year classes
916:School no. 5 moves to the 13th line, no. 28
932:Museum of the 6th SAS opens in School no.5
61:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
721:The school moves to the 10th line, no. 13
1635:1856 establishments in the Russian Empire
860:The 5th Men's Secondary School is opened
125:Learn how and when to remove this message
993:
706:
1527:member-correspondent St. Petersburg AS,
825:10-year length of study is introduced
745:The school marks its 25th anniversary
1508:member-correspondent AS Beloruss. SSR
703:Chronicle of the school's development
7:
900:10-year education (re-) established
398:Model aircraft built by N. V. Fausek
59:adding citations to reliable sources
1103:member-correspondent AS Kazakh SSR
683:Discipline alone is not education.
207:In 1856, on the day of the Autumn
25:
465:organizations were also created.
237:Imperial St-Petersburg University
528:; University rector E.D. Grimm;
31:
1309:member-correspondent Russian AS
524:; Minister of Internal Affairs
385:Aleksandr Lavrentovich Lipovsky
1605:Karl May school history museum
1203:active member AS Beloruss. SSR
999:Name (last, first, patronymic)
841:First graduation of the 6 SAS
141:Karl Ivanovich May (1820–1895)
1:
259:for the rest of their lives.
184:Петербургская школа Карла Мая
1491:member-correspondent AS USSR
1472:member-correspondent AA USSR
1455:member-correspondent AA USSR
1362:member-correspondent AA USSR
1326:member-correspondent AS USSR
1254:member-correspondent AS USSR
1186:member-correspondent AS USSR
876:Co-education is established
1625:Schools in Saint Petersburg
702:
586:Russian Academy of Sciences
186:) is a secondary school in
1656:
1541:honorary member Russian AS
868:First post-war graduation
516:
422:The School on Vasilievskii
484:After the lifting of the
183:
1002:Years of birth and death
1620:Boys' schools in Russia
1558:academy of architecture
1400:honorary member AA USSR
1167:academy of architecture
1086:academy of architecture
1069:academy of architecture
1052:academy of architecture
1024:honorary member AA USSR
653:First love, then teach.
530:Technological Institute
163:59.939871°N 30.269317°E
1572:
1438:foreign member AS USSR
983:
648:Educational principles
596:
500:
449:
399:
380:
339:
277:First love, then teach
142:
1570:
1345:active member AS USSR
1290:active member AS USSR
1271:active member AA USSR
1220:active member AS USSR
1150:active member AS USSR
1131:active member AA USSR
981:
594:
498:
447:
397:
378:
337:
329:Semenov-Tyan-Shanskii
231:, K. D. Ushinsky and
140:
1237:active member of RAS
168:59.939871; 30.269317
55:improve this article
849:6 SAS evacuated to
513:Academy of the Arts
159: /
1573:
984:
597:
509:Academy of Science
505:Doctors of Science
501:
486:Leningrad blockade
450:
402:On the eve of the
400:
381:
340:
217:Karl Ivanovich May
213:Vasilievsky Island
143:
18:Karl Ivanovich May
1565:
1564:
1552:Shildknekht N.A..
1197:El'yashevich M.A.
1008:Year of election
976:
975:
273:Yan Amos Komensky
215:. It was led by
135:
134:
127:
109:
74:"Karl May School"
16:(Redirected from
1647:
1586:
1419:active member AA
1381:active member AA
1125:
1122:
1097:Bublichenko N.L.
1046:
1043:
994:
707:
535:The World of art
225:J. H. Pestalozzi
188:Saint Petersburg
185:
174:
173:
171:
170:
169:
164:
160:
157:
156:
155:
152:
130:
123:
119:
116:
110:
108:
67:
35:
27:
21:
1655:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1644:
1610:
1609:
1601:
1596:
1590:
1584:
1578:
1338:Novozhilov V.V.
1117:
1038:
989:
705:
650:
434:
404:First World War
357:
345:
325:Rimsky-Korsakov
296:
265:
248:institutions).
245:
243:The first years
205:
200:
176:Karl May School
167:
165:
161:
158:
153:
150:
148:
146:
145:
131:
120:
114:
111:
68:
66:
52:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1653:
1651:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1612:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1600:
1599:External links
1597:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1577:
1574:
1563:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1484:Frenkel' Ya.I.
1481:
1477:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1283:Likhachev D.S.
1280:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1265:Lenyashin V.A.
1263:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1231:Kas'yanov V.L.
1229:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1115:Vereiskii O.G.
1112:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
988:
987:Notable alumni
985:
974:
973:
970:
966:
965:
962:
958:
957:
954:
950:
949:
946:
942:
941:
938:
934:
933:
930:
926:
925:
922:
918:
917:
914:
910:
909:
906:
902:
901:
898:
894:
893:
890:
886:
885:
882:
878:
877:
874:
870:
869:
866:
862:
861:
858:
854:
853:
847:
843:
842:
839:
835:
834:
831:
827:
826:
823:
819:
818:
815:
811:
810:
807:
803:
802:
799:
795:
794:
791:
787:
786:
783:
779:
778:
775:
771:
770:
767:
763:
762:
759:
755:
754:
751:
747:
746:
743:
739:
738:
735:
731:
730:
727:
723:
722:
719:
715:
714:
711:
704:
701:
700:
699:
696:
693:
690:
687:
684:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
649:
646:
571:D.S. Likhachev
433:
430:
426:D.S. Likhachev
356:
353:
344:
341:
301:D.V. Filosofov
295:
292:
264:
261:
244:
241:
204:
201:
199:
196:
133:
132:
115:September 2014
39:
37:
30:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1652:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1591:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1569:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1520:Khvolson O.D.
1518:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1502:Fursenko A.V.
1501:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1320:Nalivkin V.D.
1319:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1302:Maksimov A.A.
1300:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1248:Kachalov N.N.
1247:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1214:Zavarzin A.A.
1213:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1143:Gorbunov N.P.
1141:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1036:Benois Yu.Yu.
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
996:
995:
992:
986:
980:
971:
968:
967:
963:
960:
959:
955:
952:
951:
947:
944:
943:
939:
936:
935:
931:
928:
927:
923:
920:
919:
915:
912:
911:
907:
904:
903:
899:
896:
895:
891:
888:
887:
883:
880:
879:
875:
872:
871:
867:
864:
863:
859:
856:
855:
852:
848:
845:
844:
840:
837:
836:
832:
829:
828:
824:
821:
820:
816:
813:
812:
808:
805:
804:
800:
797:
796:
792:
789:
788:
784:
781:
780:
776:
773:
772:
768:
765:
764:
760:
757:
756:
752:
749:
748:
744:
741:
740:
736:
733:
732:
728:
725:
724:
720:
717:
716:
712:
709:
708:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
655:
652:
651:
647:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
614:New York City
611:
607:
601:
593:
589:
587:
583:
578:
576:
572:
568:
567:O.D. Khvolson
564:
560:
559:S. N. Roerich
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
531:
527:
526:D.S. Sipyagin
523:
518:
514:
510:
506:
497:
493:
489:
487:
482:
480:
476:
472:
466:
464:
460:
456:
455:K.I. Polyakov
446:
442:
439:
431:
429:
427:
423:
418:
414:
412:
407:
405:
396:
392:
388:
386:
377:
373:
369:
367:
361:
354:
352:
351:
342:
336:
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
293:
291:
290:
288:
287:Black Hundred
282:
278:
274:
270:
262:
260:
258:
254:
249:
242:
240:
238:
234:
230:
229:N. I. Pirogov
226:
222:
221:A. Diesterweg
218:
214:
210:
202:
197:
195:
193:
189:
181:
177:
172:
139:
129:
126:
118:
107:
104:
100:
97:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76: –
75:
71:
70:Find sources:
64:
60:
56:
50:
49:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
1589:
1585:(in Russian)
1431:Vasmer M.Yu.
1393:Roerich S.N.
1374:Roerich N.K.
1179:Günther N.M.
990:
602:
598:
579:
563:G.M. Grechko
543:N.K. Roerich
522:A.A. Makarov
502:
490:
483:
467:
454:
451:
438:nationalized
435:
432:20th century
421:
419:
415:
408:
401:
389:
384:
382:
370:
362:
358:
349:
346:
297:
284:
281:Lev Uspensky
276:
266:
256:
250:
246:
206:
175:
144:
121:
112:
102:
95:
88:
81:
69:
53:Please help
41:
1449:Fasmer R.R.
1118: [
1039: [
1017:Benois N.A.
575:Lenin Prize
539:A.N. Benois
411:Alexander I
317:Dobuzhinsky
166: /
1614:Categories
1594:References
1466:Fomin I.I.
1412:Serov V.A.
1161:Grimm G.D.
1080:Bruni N.A.
1063:Bruni A.A.
634:Ulan-Bator
551:K.A. Somov
547:V.A. Serov
269:pedagogics
154:30°16′10″E
151:59°56′24″N
85:newspapers
1555:1857—1918
1524:1852—1934
1505:1903—1975
1488:1904—1952
1469:1904—1989
1452:1888-1938
1435:1886—1962
1416:1865—1911
1397:1904—1993
1378:1874—1947
1359:1883—1958
1342:1910—1987
1323:1915—2000
1306:1875—1928
1287:1906—1999
1251:1883—1961
1217:1886—1945
1200:1908—1996
1183:1871—1941
1164:1865—1942
1147:1892—1937
1128:1915—1993
1100:1899—1990
1083:1856—1935
1066:1860—1911
1049:1852—1929
1021:1901—1988
636:and even
555:I.A. Puni
479:Reichstag
355:Divisions
315:, Grimm,
305:Galitzine
233:F. Fröbel
42:does not
1576:See also
1356:Ol' A.A.
1121:Wikidata
1042:Wikidata
642:Brisbane
477:and the
471:Tobolskt
463:Komsomol
343:Students
257:May bugs
253:May bugs
203:Founding
1268:р. 1940
1234:р. 1940
851:Tobolsk
584:of the
511:or the
459:Pioneer
321:Roerich
209:Equinox
198:History
180:Russian
99:scholar
63:removed
48:sources
638:Sydney
630:Torino
610:London
515:(see
475:Berlin
366:Goethe
309:Benois
294:System
192:Russia
101:
94:
87:
80:
72:
1561:1885
1544:1920
1530:1895
1511:1895
1494:1950
1475:1929
1458:1979
1441:1929
1422:1903
1403:1978
1384:1909
1365:1941
1348:1966
1329:1968
1312:1920
1293:1970
1274:1988
1257:1933
1240:2000
1223:1943
1206:1956
1189:1924
1170:1895
1153:1935
1134:1983
1124:]
1106:1958
1089:1906
1072:1891
1055:1885
1045:]
1027:1966
1005:Title
969:2005
961:2001
953:1999
945:1995
937:1990
929:1984
921:1978
913:1976
905:1974
897:1967
889:1966
881:1962
873:1954
865:1948
857:1944
846:1942
838:1938
830:1937
822:1934
814:1920
806:1918
798:1914
790:1912
782:1910
774:1906
766:1895
758:1890
750:1882
742:1881
734:1865
726:1863
718:1861
710:1856
626:Sofia
622:Seoul
618:Paris
313:Bruni
263:Motto
106:JSTOR
92:books
640:and
606:Linz
517:list
461:and
78:news
46:any
44:cite
1549:29.
1516:28.
1499:27.
1480:26.
1463:25.
1446:24.
1427:23.
1408:22.
1389:21.
1370:20.
1353:19.
1334:18.
1317:17.
1298:16.
1279:15.
1262:14.
1245:13.
1228:12.
1211:11.
1194:10.
57:by
1616::
1175:9.
1158:8.
1139:7.
1111:6.
1094:5.
1077:4.
1060:3.
1032:2.
1013:1.
632:,
628:,
624:,
620:,
616:,
612:,
608:,
577:.
557:,
549:,
545:,
541:,
537:"
368:.
327:,
323:,
319:,
311:,
275::
271:,
239:.
227:,
223:,
194:.
190:,
182::
533:"
178:(
128:)
122:(
117:)
113:(
103:·
96:·
89:·
82:·
65:.
51:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
