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for a typical year and itinerary. The study concluded that 25,000 similarly equipped ships could reduce fuel consumption by 5.6–8.1 megatonnes (5.6–8.1 Mt; 6,200,000–8,900,000 short tons) and save 170–25 megatonnes (170–25 Mt; 187,000,000–28,000,000 short tons) of
258:; only one line runs the full distance from kite to ship, with the bridle lines running from kite to control pod. Power to the pod is provided by cables embedded in the line; the same line also carries commands to the control pod from the ship.
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The kite is launched and recovered by an animated mast or arm, which grips the kite by its leading edge. The mast also inflates and deflates the kite. When not in use, mast and deflated kite fold away.
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Kites may be adjusted with respect to the wind, manually or by an automated system. A kite cannot stay aloft when there is no wind, and must be re-launched.
209:. Traction kites for solosports generally have an area of 1-16 square meters, with anything over ~5 square meters being a big kite that requires expertise.
114:, allowing kites to develop substantially more thrust per unit area than a conventional sail. Winds are also steadier and less turbulent higher up.
107:
produced by the vessel (water resistance against the hull, force of wheels against the ground, etc.) to move the vessel in the desired direction.
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254:. However, the kite is an inflatable rather than a ram-air kite. Additionally, a control pod is used rather than direct tension on multiple
217:
Ship-pulling kites run to hundreds of square meters of area and require a special attachment points, a launch and recovery system, and
61:, or be large, complex systems fixed to the vehicle, with powered and automated controls. They have recreational and commercial uses.
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285:, reported that the ship attained 5% fuel savings overall, which translated into 530 tonnes (530 t; 580 short tons) of CO
298:. The return on investment for installing a kite sail was estimated to be about two-three years. On her maiden voyage, MS
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Kite rigs power a variety of recreational conveyances on water and land. On water, kites are used to power
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487:"WINTECC - Demonstration of an innovative wind propulsion technology for cargo vessels"
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saved an estimated 10–15% fuel, $ 1,000 to $ 1,500 per day, while the kite was in use.
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runners. They may be as simple as a person flying a kite while standing on a
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418:, Captain John Konrad, Mariner's Weather Log, April 2009, Volume 53, No. 1,
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308:, a large fishing trawler, was retrofitted with a kite rig in 2010.
546:"Fishing trawler will be powered by a 160m2 kite propulsion system"
294:, 45–65 kilotonnes (45–65 kt; 50,000–72,000 short tons) of NO
239:
system for the kite, and an automatic system to retract the kite.
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systems for propelling a vehicle. They differ from conventional
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Airborne Wind Energy
Systems, a review of the technologies
281:-funded four-year study of wind propulsion, using the MS
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103:, pulling the vessel. The vector of the kite's pull is
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575:Skysails GMBH description of kite sail propulsion
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189:is done in boats with kite rigs. On land,
411:
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95:is held at an angle to the wind using
197:-like boards. Over snow, kites power
84:. This allows them to sail upwind by
7:
432:"Selecting your first traction kite"
461:"Kite to pull ship across Atlantic"
193:derives the same mode of power for
319:and KiteShip both made kite rigs.
246:larger, bears similarities to the
14:
41:Vehicles driven by kites include
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1006:
667:
128:
99:. Like any other sail, the kite
80:Current kite rigs can be sailed
973:American Kitefliers Association
16:Wind-assisted propulsion system
493:. Beluga Fleet Management GmbH
339:Kite applications § Cargo
1:
511:Sanderson, Katharine (2008).
270:A commercial cargo ship, the
181:-like boards in the sport of
82:within 50 degrees of the wind
736:Leading edge inflatable kite
30:in that they are flown from
726:Inflatable single-line kite
1063:
1003:
665:
1037:Sailing rigs and rigging
420:National Weather Service
334:High altitude wind power
24:wind-assisted propulsion
800:Kite aerial photography
513:"Ship kites in to port"
995:List of kite festivals
174:
171:Long Beach, California
101:develops lift and drag
77:
59:specialized skateboard
913:Alexander Graham Bell
525:10.1038/news.2008.564
168:
112:increases with height
72:
885:Kite control systems
242:The kite, while 1–2
228:consists of a large
49:, and vehicles with
1047:Sailboat components
978:Ballooning (spider)
862:Powered paragliding
244:orders of magnitude
105:added to the forces
34:, not supported by
923:William Abner Eddy
835:Kite rollerskating
639:Human-lifting kite
485:Koutsoutos, Anja.
359:Kite rollerskating
256:kite control lines
175:
140:. You can help by
78:
76:with a kite buggy.
32:kite control lines
1042:Marine propulsion
1019:
1018:
928:Lawrence Hargrave
820:Kite landboarding
552:. January 5, 2010
354:Kite landboarding
226:propulsion system
191:kite landboarding
169:A kitesurfer off
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830:Kite ice skating
768:Tetrahedral kite
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349:Kite ice skating
329:Fore-and-aft rig
306:Maartje Theadora
205:in the sport of
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515:. Nature News.
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138:needs expansion
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569:External links
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74:Points of sail
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136:This section
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97:control lines
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1005:
987:
942:
918:John Barresi
895:Kite mooring
840:Kiteboarding
814:
810:Kite fishing
795:Hang gliding
787:applications
772:
758:Rogallo wing
713:
702:Rokkaku dako
692:Bermuda kite
634:Fighter kite
554:. Retrieved
549:
540:
528:. Retrieved
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495:. Retrieved
491:ec.europa.eu
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469:. Retrieved
467:. 2008-01-22
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142:adding to it
137:
121:Applications
116:
109:
90:
79:
40:
19:
18:
869:Parasailing
857:Paragliding
845:Kiteboating
715:Chapi-chapi
644:Indoor kite
550:SurferToday
369:Kitesurfing
364:Kiteboating
252:kitesurfing
219:fly-by-wire
195:skate-board
187:Kiteboating
183:kitesurfing
161:Solo sports
1026:Categories
957:Tyrus Wong
933:Peter Lynn
850:Kite buggy
825:Snowkiting
763:Scott sled
753:Rotor kite
748:Malay kite
697:Bowed kite
659:Water kite
654:Sport kite
649:Power kite
497:2017-03-30
471:2008-01-22
400:References
394:Square rig
389:Snowkiting
374:Power kite
344:Kite buggy
234:electronic
221:controls.
207:snowkiting
199:snowboards
179:surf-board
149:March 2017
110:Windspeed
93:power kite
944:Sea Tails
890:Kite line
815:Kite rigs
774:Wau bulan
721:Foil kite
530:1 January
379:Sail plan
312:Companies
248:arc kites
230:foil kite
65:Structure
20:Kite rigs
1012:Category
989:Kitelife
741:Bow kite
709:Box kite
687:Arc kite
680:by shape
416:Skysails
384:SkySails
323:See also
317:Skysails
250:used in
556:27 June
237:control
86:tacking
47:buggies
906:People
731:Kytoon
622:by use
517:Nature
1032:Kites
966:Other
878:Parts
678:Types
620:Types
611:Kites
232:, an
213:Ships
173:, USA
43:boats
36:masts
28:sails
629:Kite
558:2010
532:2016
203:skis
53:and
51:snow
22:are
521:doi
465:BBC
272:MS
266:Use
201:or
144:.
55:ice
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548:.
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489:.
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440:^
408:^
290:CO
185:.
91:A
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147:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
