240:'s letters. This text was somewhat exclusive as some say that it was limited to Shin clergy; Rennyo said that only those “karmically ready” should be allowed to view it. He thought the work was so relevant that he published it in the journal Seishinkai making it available to the public. His efforts were taken up by later generations which resulted in Rennyo's letters being replaced by the Tannishō as the core Japanese language text for transmitting Shin thought. Unlike the Mahāyāna sutras, these three works employ a dialogic style where specific problems are addressed, making them concrete.
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In his life, however, Kiyozawa was an ambivalent figure. He was emblematic of both the need for modernization, and its pitfalls. He was not popular with the members of his temple, who considered his Dharma messages too difficult to understand. Accordingly, many of his disciples were branded heretics.
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There were three main aspects of the Agongyō that he was attracted to: psychological insight into the
Buddhist problem of spiritual ignorance, the personal relationship between the Buddha and his disciples and their commitment to drop anything for the path, and the psychological doubts expressed by
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The second work that
Kiyozawa was inspired by was the Discourses of Epictetus. Epictetus was believed to have been a handicapped former slave, but this did not stop his academic pursuits. This perseverance was admired by Kiyozawa as Epictetus believed that pain has its origins in the unenlightened
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The third work that inspired him was the
Tannishō which is the only one of the three works which came from the Shin school of Buddhism. Kiyozawa wanted to learn Shinran's thought but rejected Honganji which was built on Pure Land Patriarchs, Shinran's Kyōgyōshinshō, and
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Kiyozawa himself died of tuberculosis quite young and therefore some consider his thought to be immature and incomplete. Even today, many conservative Shin thinkers see
Kiyozawa as being emblematic of what had gone wrong with the Ōtani school.
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aspect of the self, and that pain can only be relieved by growth in the enlightened aspect of the self. The individual must go through this process of the self.
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188:, and have found a Western readership. Kiyozawa was instrumental to the establishment of Shinshū University in Tokyo in 1901. The university is now known as
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184:(1875-1971) and Maida Shuichi (1906-1967). Some of his essays were translated into English, such as the book
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475:'Philosophy' or 'Religion'? The Confrontation with Foreign Categories in Late Nineteenth-Century Japan
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Kiyozawa was attracted by three works, the Agongyō which are scriptures of early Indian
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Putting
Spirituality First: The legacy of the great 19th-century Shin reformer Kiyozawa Manshi
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292:. Translated by Haneda, Nobuo (Second ed.). Shinshu Center of America. 2014.
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Bloom, Alfred. "Kiyozawa Manshi and the Path to the
Revitalization of Buddhism."
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scholars trace their line of thought to
Kiyozawa Manshi, including such men as
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256:. Translated by Kunji, Tajima; Shacklock, Floyd. Bukkyō Bunka Society. 1936.
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Many Shin scholars feel that
Kiyozawa's viewpoints are comparable to the
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translated by Nobuo Haneda. Kyoto: Higashi
Honganji, 1984. OCLC 20248970
272:. Translated by Haneda, Nobuo (First ed.). Higashi Honganji. 1984.
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Popular Buddhism In Japan: Shin Buddhist Religion & Culture by
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Popular Buddhism In Japan: Shin Buddhist Religion & Culture by
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the Buddha's students, which are resolved through dialogue.
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Pacific World: Journal of the Institute of Buddhist Studies
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Cultivating Spirituality: A Modern Shin Buddhist Anthology
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Cultivating Spirituality: A Modern Shin Buddhist Anthology
196:. Kiyozawa served as the first dean of the university.
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December Fan: The Buddhist Essays of Manshi Kiyozawa
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December Fan: the Buddhist essays of Manshi Kiyozawa
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December Fan: the Buddhist essays of Manshi Kiyozawa
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488:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
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470:. New York: Crossroad, 1991.
1286:List of writers on Buddhism
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463:. Albany: SUNY Press, 2011.
367:. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012.
244:Works translated to English
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411:0824820282
401:, p. 42 /
346:0824820282
336:, p. 40 /
318:References
308:1031408555
216:, and the
210:Discourses
101:Occupation
66:1863-08-10
1205:Carl Jung
1021:Hsing Yun
991:Sheng-yen
976:Seungsahn
971:Paul Reps
951:David Loy
926:Hsuan Hua
818:Surya Das
805:Vajrayana
750:Chin Kung
566:Theravada
383:29 August
214:Epictetus
153:Biography
1105:Red Pine
1053:Scholars
770:Yin Shun
739:Mahayana
546:Buddhism
373:56431036
278:20248970
218:Tannishō
147:Ōtani-ha
124:Japanese
55:Personal
31:Kiyozawa
21:In this
262:2288245
222:Shinran
131:samurai
27:surname
981:Daewon
409:
371:
344:
306:
296:
276:
260:
238:Rennyo
163:Europe
122:was a
78:Nagoya
25:, the
1274:Lists
168:Many
117:清沢 満之
82:Japan
74:Aichi
407:ISBN
385:2012
369:OCLC
342:ISBN
304:OCLC
294:ISBN
274:OCLC
258:OCLC
89:Died
60:Born
893:Zen
495:,"
477:."
161:of
137:in
29:is
1383::
363:.
352:^
325:^
302:.
165:.
80:,
76:,
568:/
526:e
519:t
512:v
387:.
310:.
280:.
264:.
114:(
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33:.
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