121:, by Methodist minister Koichi Honda. It was at the Aoyama Institute that Kawakami acquired his nickname "Karl" after a new enthusiasm he found for Karl Marx — a nickname he began to use as a middle name, especially on his later published work. Upon leaving the Aoyama Institute at twenty-three, Kawakami taught English to noncommissioned officers and began a career as a freelance writer with an article for a youth magazine and a German history book for high-schoolers commissioned by publisher Otowa Ohashi.
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Japanese goodwill in order to turn
Western opinion against Japan. He was regarded in the United States as an apologist for Japanese imperialism and was briefly arrested after the outbreak of war. Some of his writings were included in the massive, ten volume series "Japanese Propaganda: Selected Readings: A Collection" edited by Peter O'Connor of Musashino University and published by the
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Kawakami's pre-war writings sought to whitewash the
Japanese military and economic penetration and invasion of China and Manchuria, presenting Japanese actions as aimed at saving China from chaos and disintegration. At the same time, however, they presented China as "scheming" to distort and obstruct
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In 1890 at seventeen years old, Kawakami went to Tokyo, where he worked as a houseboy in exchange for educational opportunities provided by a growing number of sponsoring acquaintances, first among them
Retired Navy Lieutenant Toshitoro Sone and including Mr. Shigenori Uesugi who helped him attend
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Kiyoshi
Kawakami was the youngest born into a family of three brothers and three sisters, with the given name of Yushichi Miyashita. His mother died probably related to childbirth, and his father died soon after. Within the next two years, his oldest brother died of war wounds and another brother
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He returned home, however, homesick, and was read to frequently by his grandmother. When he was eight years old, his grandmother sold more belongings to be able to send him to elementary school. He was able to go onto junior high school, where he learned
English at the age of thirteen.
149:(1921) tried to refute the false slanders generated by deceitful agitators and politicians. The books confront the main allegations regarding assimilation, and boast of the positive Japanese contributions to American economy and society, especially in Hawaii and California.
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Kiyoshi
Kawakami was fourteen years old when he heard his first pro-democracy speech at a playhouse in town. He was fifteen years old when he met his first foreigner, American Methodist missionary J.G. Cleveland who taught English at the Yonezawa junior-high school.
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died from an illness. He and his siblings lived with their grandmother in poverty, selling family belongings to put food on the table. When he was six years old he was put into the care of the local Shinto shrine in order to relieve food insecurity in the family.
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Although
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Derived from an unattributed biographical manuscript from the Gray/Clark family estate in
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After his sponsor Uesugi ended, he was admitted to
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American-Japanese
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Jokichi Takamine: A Record of His American Achievements
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Tokyo Law Institute (at present the CHUO university).
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269:The Columbia guide to Asian American history
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299:, "Wanted: A New Law of Development"
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94:Early life
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134:in 2004.
73:Wisconsin
62:Karl Marx
291:in 1932)
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216:(1933).
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