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was divided. They were based on the three original settlements that combined to form the city toward the end of the tenth century: the Nerev End, the Liudin ("People's") End (also called the
Goncharsky or "Potters" End), and the Slavno End; two later additions - the Plotnitskii ("Carpenters'") End
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had to be ratified by the veches of each end, though it is not certain. It is also thought that each end governed one of the Fifths, the five organized territories into which the
Novgorodian Land had been divided, although this too is unclear from the sources.
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and
Zagorodskii ("Beyond the City" or "Beyond the Fortress", as "gorod" meant both "city" and "fortress" at that time) End formed in 1168 and the 1260s respectively.
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were a part of the city administration until the middle of the 17th century and their role became more important at the time when the central government was weak.
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The city was also divided into two sides, although this was probably not a distinct administrative unit as were the ends. The Sofia Side was named after the
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The boroughs retained a degree of autonomy after the end of its independence. The elected
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194:
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171:«ВСЕ ГРАД ЛЮДИИ, ИЗВОЛЕША СОБЕ …». Очерки истории выборов в Великом Новгороде
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and consisted of the Nerev, Zagorodskii and Liudin Ends. The
16:
Five boroughs into which medieval Veliky
Novgorod was divided
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of the city consisted of the Slavno and
Plotnitsky Ends.
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104:It is believed that the decisions of the all-city
126:Administrative divisions of the Novgorod Republic
85:) were the five boroughs into which medieval
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173:(in Russian). Великий Новгород. p. 30.
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137:
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7:
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151:, Yale University Press (1973)
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169:Малышев., С.И., ed. (2012).
23:Map of the Kontsy, with the
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95:Cathedral of Holy Wisdom
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22:
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201:Novgorod Republic
51:[kɐnˈtsɨ]
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145:George Vernadsky
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25:Novgorod Kremlin
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87:Veliky Novgorod
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180:9785904062361
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149:Kievan Russia
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132:References
99:Trade Side
159:, p. 199.
114:starostas
195:Category
120:See also
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39:Russian
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66:konets
34:kontsy
27:in red
106:veche
60:конец
43:концы
175:ISBN
153:ISBN
80:ends
71:lit.
47:IPA:
31:The
56:sg.
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37:(
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