270:
1175:, first described around 1683, the players are dealt eight cards each, after staking down a fifth to the pool, therefore no discard is possible. Bidding may be for Ask Leave, when Ombre calls a king seeking for a partner. If the first four players pass, the fifth may play Solo. Ombre is obliged to win five tricks, otherwise he loses. He names trump and if between them five tricks can be won, Ombre wins, sharing between them two-thirds of the pool for Ombre and one-third for his partner. If they both make only three tricks the game is Remise, and Ombre is to lay down two-thirds of the pool and his partner one.
1017:, is an implement on the rules of the game. If all three players pass, each player in turn may bid "casca". If the auction is won by a "Gascarola" bid, the declarer then takes eight cards from the stock, chooses one of his own cards to supplement the eight, but he also has the option to discard all nine and take nine others from the stock. Based on his hand, he names a trump suit. The defenders then exchange with the remaining five or four cards in the stock, and an "Entrada" contract is played and scored normally.
1151:, usually only three players are active at a time. The player opposite the dealer sits out, but takes part in the payment after the play as though he were a defender. If three players pass, the fourth player picks up all 13 cards from the stock and discards four. He chooses trump then and plays as declarer against the other three, who cannot exchange any cards, since the stock is already used up. The contract counts as "Entrada". This version was also played in Germany where the fourth player was called the King (
49:
878:
many cards as he likes before drawing the same number from the stock. Solo or not, both opponents may then discard and draw for themselves. As it is advantageous for one of the defenders to have the stronger hand, they may agree as to which is to exchange first. Whoever does so may draw any number of cards up to eight. Rules vary considerably as to whether any untaken cards are left down or turned face up, and the point should be agreed before play.
402:
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1579:
1139:
as many cards as he wants up to eight and the other player may take the rest. When the trump is named, the player is paid for
Matadors. Ombre is intended to make five tricks to win the stake. If the tricks are divided by four, the game is then considered "Remise". If the other player makes five, he wins by "Codille".
891:
any time before playing to the fourth trick, but he may not do this if playing a "Solo". In a "Vuelta", his surrender must be accepted by both opponents. However, if the game played was "Entrada", either opponent may himself take over the role of Ombre and play the rest of the hand as if he had made the bid himself.
1251:
are the top consecutive trumps from "Spadille" downwards. If the Ombre wins holding the top four trumps, but not the fifth, he would make 4 extra: if he lost he would pay four extra. The same applies if he had been playing against at least the top three trumps. If he had won the game holding the King
886:
Eldest leads first and the winner of each trick leads to the next. The trick is taken by the highest card of the suit led or by the highest trump if any are played. Normally, suit must be followed if possible, otherwise any card may be played. Matadors, however, can only be forced by higher matadors,
474:
Once the cards are dealt, players bid for the right to choose what suit will be trumps. The trump maker (Ombre) undertakes to win more tricks than either of the other players, and wins the pool if successful. If an opponent of the Ombre wins the most tricks the Ombre pays that opponent. If there is a
1138:
Ombre may be played sometimes by two players, for lack of a third person. It is played exactly as for three hands, but a whole suit is removed from the pack, either
Diamonds or Hearts, so that 30 cards remain. Deal eight cards in batches of 2's and stock the remaining 12 on the table. Ombre may take
890:
If Ombre takes the first five tricks straight off, he can claim the game won without need for further play. If instead he leads to the sixth, he thereby obligates himself to win all nine ("Vole"), thus increasing his potential winnings or penalties. If Ombre thinks he cannot win, he may surrender at
877:
In turn, each player may pass or bid, and having passed cannot bid again. Each bid must be higher than the last. However, a player who has made a lower bid, and not yet passed, may raise his bid to equal that of the previous player, unless overcalled again. Unless playing Solo, Ombre may discard as
844:
Whoever draws the highest card from the deck becomes the dealer; the turn to deal and play rotates counter-clockwise. Before play, the dealer antes five chips to the pool, deals nine cards in batches of three, and places the remaining thirteen face down on the playing surface to form the stock, or
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If Ombre loses "Puesta", he doubles the pool and pays five chips for each player in the game. If Ombre loses "Codille", he pays the same as for a "Puesta", but to the player who won instead of to the pot. These penalties are further increased as described above for "Primeras", and if he loses the
303:
Ombre's precise origins are unknown, but it reached
England and France at about the same time. The earliest French reference dates to 1671 and it is recorded in England as early as 1661 with a set of rules being published in 1662. The game continued to be in vogue in almost every corner of Europe
492:
Traditionally, a
Spanish 40-card deck is used, but a French-suited deck may be substituted in which case spades correspond to swords, clubs to clubs, hearts to cups and diamonds to coins. The eights, nines and tens can be stripped out of a standard 52-card deck to make a suitable 40-card deck.
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501:
The rank of the cards in the game depends on whether a black (long) or a red (round) suit is chosen as trumps. The basic ranking of numerals is reversed in red suits, being 7 low; and a red suit is always one card longer than a black one of the same status, whether trump or plain.
483:
By the 17th century, when it caught on outside Spain, most people were playing a three-player variation called "Renegado" first described in 1663 in Madrid. The terms used were those in
English, which were anglicized versions of French versions of the original Spanish words.
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first five tricks, and "Estuches", he pays one per each consecutive trump. If Ombre fails to win all nine tricks after leading to the sixth, he pays 30 to each opponent, less 2 if he played "Vuelta", and 10 if he played Solo, less also the number of "Estuches" applicable.
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says that "there were several sorts of this game, but that which the chief was called "Renegado", at which three only could play, and to whom were dealt nine cards apiece so that by discarding the eights, nines and tens, there would remain thirteen cards in the stock".
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The historical importance of Ombre in the field of playing cards is the fact that it was the first card game in which a trump suit was established by bidding rather than by the random process of turning the first card of the stock. This game developed from
447:(1722) contains a frontispiece representing a party of rank playing it and describes it as a game so much in fashion that at its peak by the turn of the eighteenth century it inspired a unique form of furniture: a three-sided card table. According to
1043:: if all pass without bidding, whoever holds "Spadille" or "Basto", must take the role as Ombre, or by eldest if no one does. He discards up to 8 cards, draws replacements from the stock and then announces trumps. The game counts as "Entrada".
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not by lower ones or trumps. That is, if the player's only trumps are matadors he need not follow to a trump, but may discard ("Renege") instead. However, if a higher matador is led, and his only trump is a lower one, he is obliged to play it.
344:), as well as in the Faroe Islands (as Lumbur) and Iceland (as Lomber). Today, Tresillo survives in Spain and Rocambor is still reported in South America (Bolivia and Peru). It may still exist in Portugal under the name Mediator.
853:
Whoever bids highest becomes Ombre, chooses trumps, and seeks to win more tricks than either opponent individually. Thus, five or more wins, and four wins if the others split three-two. The possible bids are, from low to high:
991:: is a game equivalent to "Entrada", where Ombre turns the first card of the stock for trump, discards and draws up to 5 cards to complete the hand. If the turned-up card is Spadilla, the game then counts as "Vuelta"
307:
As with most games, Ombre acquired many variations of increasing complexity over the years, until its popularity was eclipsed by the second quarter of the 18th century by a new four player French variant called
204:
Its history began in Spain around the end of the 16th century as a four-person game. It is one of the earliest card games known in Europe and by far the most classic game of its type, directly ancestral to
1033:: No one discards, Hombre announces a trump suit of which he holds at least one, and aims to lose every trick. If successful, he wins as if the game was "Entrada", if not it counts as "Puesta".
463:
Ombre is a three-handed game in which a single player, originally known as Ombre or l'Hombre (the man), plays against his two opponents. The game is traditionally played with a forty-card
362:, the court poet, had a poem entitled "On a Card Torn at Ombre by the Queen". She was such a keen player, as were so many members of English high society by the end of 1674, that the
370:
proposed to pass an Act against the playing of Ombre, or at least to limit the stakes at ÂŁ5, a proposition received as "ridiculous" at that time. But a small book of rules,
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in the twentieth century, and it is still played as L'Hombre in
Denmark, mostly in Jutland and on the island of Funen, where it is organized by the Danish Hombre Union (
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and
Swedish Vira, itself "one of the most complex card games ever devised." Other games borrowed features from Ombre such as bidding; for example, the gambling game of
1816:
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in 1611, although it makes no mention of it. The spelling changed from "Hombre" to "Ombre" in
English due to a misunderstanding that the name came from the French
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1599:
217:. Despite its difficult rules, complicated point score and strange foreign terms, it swept Europe in the last quarter of the 17th century, becoming
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1707:
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455:, the Spaniards, occasionally also called the game "Manilla" after the name of the second matador, a word signifying a slayer in Spanish.
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tie for most tricks the Ombre pays into the pool. There are additional payments for various feats such as winning all the tricks (Vole).
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1213:
The progress of the game is described in such detail that Lord
Aldenham was able to reconstruct the exact deal and play of the cards.
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1316:
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1074:
Gano - "I'll take it" or "let the card pass" (lit. "I win") - instruction to co-defender. Also "demanding Gano", "making Gano".
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1985:
1389:(2000). "Playing the Game: The Survival of Hombre" in The Playing-Card, Vol. XXIX, No. 1, July-August 2000. pp. 18–20.
374:, published in London in 1660, would support the inference that the game was known in England before the Restoration.
363:
421:
1407:
The Art of
Conjecturing by Jakob Bernoulli, Edith Dudley Sylla, pg. 348 - Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore
918:: One opponent wins more tricks than any other player. Ombre pays the winning opponent as described under Penalties.
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with suits of coins and cups (round) and swords and clubs (long), but when it spread to Northern Europe
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and Mediateur. Under the name Tresillo, it survived in parts of Spain during the nineteenth century, as
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Sports and games of medieval cultures, Sally E. D. Wilkins, pg. 111. 2002 Greenwood Press, Westport
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292:, though it was from L'Hombre that the idea of bidding was adopted into other card games such as
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Ombre takes its name from the Spanish phrase originally used by the player who declared trumps:
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of a black trump suit, but not "Spadille", "Manille" or "Basto", he would win 3 for "Estuches".
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with suits of diamonds and hearts (red) and spades and clubs (black) were usually substituted.
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today. Ombre eventually developed into a whole family of related games such as the four-hand
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and it is to be presumed that it was invented prior to the publication of the Dictionary of
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350:, English antiquary and naturalist, says that Ombre was probably introduced in England by
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233:(originally pronounced 'umber') in England, occupying a position of prestige similar to
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1950:
1935:
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If all pass immediately, lower bids may be made so as to avoid a redeal. They include:
959:: Extra payment when holding or lacking at least the top three trumps, value of 1 each.
431:
1284:
The sports and pastimes of the people of England, pg. 262, Joseph Strutt - London 1801
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2020:
1915:
1890:
1590:
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359:
1090:
Ombre - "declarer", the player who chooses trumps and then tries to win most tricks.
912:: There is a tie for most tricks. Ombre pays the pool, as described under Penalties.
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If the Ombre wins, in addition to collecting the pool he is paid by each opponent.
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947:: To win nine tricks, value of 25 chips (5 from the pot and 10 from each player).
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1302:
The Merry Gamester by Walter Nelson, Merchants Adventures Press US, 1998, pg. 30
867:: Ombre turns the top card of the stock to determine trumps, discards and draws.
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321:
242:
170:
372:
The Royal game of the ombre written at the request of divers honourable persons
2336:
2000:
1466:
The same contributor, misled by the French, imagined the Ombre to be a Shadow.
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254:
241:, three-hand Tritrille, five-hand Quintille and six-hand Sextille, as well as
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316:. Other lines of descent and hybridization produced three-handed games like
198:
861:: Ombre announces trumps, discards, and draws replacements from the stock.
416:, i.e., "I am the man". It appears to be merely an alteration of the game
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Vuelta - to turn the top card of the stock for trump, discards and draws.
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The black aces are permanent trumps, and the top three trumps are called
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31:
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1603:. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 101.
17:
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30:
This article is about the card game. For the color blending style, see
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2005:
1980:
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906:: Ombre wins more tricks than any other player. Ombre takes the pool.
206:
201:
for three players and "the most successful card game ever invented."
1359:
Depaulis, Thierry (1984). "Unsun, a Far-Eastern Cousin of Ombre" in
377:
In the late 18th century, the three player version of its offshoot,
1398:
The Fortnightly, George Henry Lewes, vol. II. Pg. 203, London, 1865
873:: Ombre announces trumps, but plays without discarding and drawing.
173: • Tresillo • Zanga •
2367:
2176:
1584:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1071:) - the game where one of the players holds "Spadille" or "Basto".
400:
313:
300:, which owes Hombre a good portion of its betting system as well.
297:
268:
77:
1491:
Recherches Historiques sur les Cartes Ă Jouer, Lyon 1757, pg. 157
393:), a game popular with "the lower classes" in northern Germany.
333:
1798:
1061:
Entrada - to announce trumps, discard, and draw from the stock.
1311:
Oxford Dictionary of game Card Games, David Parlett, pg. 124
1121:
Voltareta - a bid in the related Portuguese game Voltarete.
568:
When a red suit is trumps, the fourth highest trump is the
1631:"Ombre et Lumière. Un Peu de Lumiére sur L'hombre (1)" in
1372:
1108:
Solo - to announce trumps, without discarding and drawing.
953:: To win the first five tricks and stop, value of 3 chips.
328:
in Portugal and Brazil, as Rocambor in countries such as
1080:
Mort - the form of the game played with a fourth player.
941:: Value of 15 chips, plus any of the following bonuses:
1055:
Casca - a bid in the related Portuguese game Voltarete.
1790:
Alexander Pope's The Rape of the Lock and Other Poems
2412:
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1968:
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143:
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117:
109:
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83:
73:
1200:Lurk'd in her hand, and mourn'd his captive Queen:
594:", but it does not have the status of a matador.
1195:
304:from the late 17th through the 18th centuries.
1147:In this variation, first described in 1669 in
899:There are three possible outcomes, which are:
1810:
1206:The nymph exulting fills with shouts the sky;
1198:An Ace of Hearts steps forth: The King unseen
8:
1780:Researches into the history of playing cards
1442:Researches into the History of Playing Cards
1216:It is also mentioned in Alexander Pushkin's
1208:The walls, the woods, and long canals reply
1204:And falls like thunder on the prostrate Ace.
41:
1547:
1545:
1202:He springs to Vengeance with an eager pace,
1817:
1803:
1795:
1517:
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1513:
1477:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1096:Puesta - the Ombre loses, tricks are tied.
451:, writer and professor of divinity at the
1615:"Tresillio, or, The Modern Game of Ombre"
1377:at www.lhombre.dk. Retrieved 13 Oct 2021.
1334:, Oxford University Press, 1990, pg. 197
1058:Codillo - the Ombre loses, opponents win.
1661:"Un Peu de Lumiére sur L'hombre (3)" in
1646:"Un Peu de Lumiére sur L'hombre (2)" in
1621:, Vol. 6 (1 October 1873). pp. 120–127.
1524:"OMBRE - The game that invented bidding"
1093:Primeras - to win the first five tricks.
1277:
1241:
1183:The game of Ombre is Belinda's game in
1064:Estuches - the 3 top cards of the game.
1470:
1099:Punto - the red Ace of the trump suit.
738:
723:
620:
605:
580:
569:
550:
517:
40:
1171:In this five-handed variation called
1077:Manille - the second highest matador.
197:is a fast-moving seventeenth-century
7:
193: 'man', pronounced "omber") or
253:, formerly known as Homme, and the
1722:Hamburg: Heinrich Ludwig Villaume.
1052:Basto - the third highest matador.
25:
312:, later displaced by the English
2486:
2485:
1959:
1765:Ombre: the Original Bidding Game
1577:
1102:Renege - to fail to follow suit.
47:
1558:(3rd ed.). Chiswick Press.
1111:Spadille - the highest matador.
1700:The Penguin Book of Card Games
1328:The Oxford Guide to Card Games
60:. The player in the center is
1:
320:and four-handed ones such as
2512:Patience and solitaire games
1726:Schwetschke, Dr. Karl Gustav
1159:, the "one who sits still" (
1087:) - to lose all nine tricks.
2521:Tarot and Tarock card games
2503:Non trick-taking card games
2162:Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un
2046:GĂ©, Point, Flux et Sequence
1986:Belle, Flux et Trente-et-Un
1785:The Royal Game of the Ombre
1458:Gibbs, Henry Hucks (1878).
1118:) - to win all nine tricks.
601:If the trump suit is black:
381:, was often referred to as
2591:
1423:Schwetschke (1863), p. 57.
1264:, canto III, lines 95–100.
29:
2481:
1957:
1713:SchĂĽtze, Johann Friedrich
719:If the trump suit is red:
164:
64:, Danish inventor of the
46:
1741:. Halle: G. Schwetschke.
1718:Holsteinisches Idiotikon
1665:XVI (2), November 1987.
1105:Sacada - the Ombre wins.
422:Sebastián de Covarrubias
165:Mensch •
2570:Spanish deck card games
2565:Three-player card games
2550:16th-century card games
2494:Trick-taking card games
1866:Hannikin canst abide it
1738:Geschichte des L'Hombre
1600:Encyclopædia Britannica
1568:SchĂĽtze (1800), p. 100.
1552:Aldenham, Lord (1902).
1530:. David Parlett website
1432:SchĂĽtze (1800), p. 275.
1650:XVI (1), August 1987.
1619:The Westminster Papers
1448:, p. 264, London, 1816
1293:Dummett (1980), p. 173
1211:
670:In a plain black suit:
453:University of Besançon
409:
284:
274:A Game of L'hombre in
199:trick-taking card game
58:Malthe Odin Engelstedt
56:(1887), a painting by
27:Trick-taking card game
2575:Catherine of Braganza
1685:. Duckworth, London.
1350:Parlett (2008), p. 78
445:The Compleat Gamester
404:
352:Catherine of Braganza
272:
62:Rasmus Malling-Hansen
1446:Samuel Weller Singer
1374:Dansk L'hombre-Union
1262:The Rape of the Lock
1190:The Rape of the Lock
789:In a plain red suit:
449:Jean-Baptiste Bullet
342:Dansk L'hombre-Union
113:Tactics and strategy
34:. For the film, see
1768:at parlettgames.uk.
1702:, Penguin, London.
1193:, written in 1714.
935:: Value of 7 chips.
929:: Value of 5 chips.
469:French-suited cards
465:Spanish-suited deck
43:
2560:Spanish card games
1876:Laugh and lie down
1635:XV (4), May 1987.
1464:. United Kingdom.
428:meaning "shadow."
410:
406:Le Jeu de L'Hombre
285:
279:by Swedish artist
169: •
2532:
2531:
1708:978-0-141-03787-5
1683:The Game of Tarot
1626:Depaulis, Thierry
1555:The Game of Ombre
1461:The Game of Ombre
1167:Five-handed Ombre
1143:Four-handed Ombre
1067:Force Spadille, (
837:
836:
436:Compleat Gamester
391:Deutsche L'Hombre
348:Daines Barrington
281:Anna Palm de Rosa
180:
179:
139:Counter-clockwise
84:Alternative names
16:(Redirected from
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2519:
2516:
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2507:
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2081:Homme d'Auvergne
1963:
1941:Ruff and honours
1819:
1812:
1805:
1796:
1776:rules. (Swedish)
1734:
1679:Dummett, Michael
1663:The Playing-Card
1648:The Playing-Card
1633:The Playing-Card
1604:
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1522:Parlett, David.
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1361:The Playing Card
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1134:Two-handed Ombre
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414:Yo soy el hombre
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2555:Solo card games
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1696:Parlett, David
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1643:. pp. 101–110.
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360:Edmund Waller
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160:Related games
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2524:}}
2518:{{
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2509:{{
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2500:{{
2497:}}
2491:{{
2438:Hundertspiel
2393:
2227:Hundertspiel
2217:German Tarok
2172:Bierschlauch
1996:Bête Hombrée
1981:As Qui Court
1881:Losing lodam
1870:
1772:
1764:
1752:
1737:
1717:
1699:
1682:
1673:. pp. 44–53.
1662:
1658:. pp. 10–18.
1647:
1632:
1618:
1612:
1598:
1564:
1554:
1532:. Retrieved
1527:
1496:
1487:
1465:
1460:
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1441:
1437:
1428:
1419:
1403:
1394:
1387:McLeod, John
1382:
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273:
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222:
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182:
181:
144:Playing time
96:Trick-taking
53:
36:Ombre (film)
2545:Ombre group
2363:Primo visto
2307:Scherwenzel
2297:Sansprendre
2267:MĂĽller Matz
2257:Kontraspiel
2232:Juckerspiel
2222:Grobhäusern
2212:German Solo
2207:FĂĽnfzehnern
2167:Bester Bube
2076:Hoc Mazarin
1946:Speculation
1911:Pope Julius
1856:French ruff
1825:Historical
1729: [
1161:Stillsitter
1047:Terminology
379:German Solo
364:Lower House
322:German Solo
245:, Austrian
243:German Solo
2539:Categories
2468:(Scottish)
2456:(Austrian)
2434:Elfmandeln
2337:Vogelspiel
2332:Trischaken
2001:Bouillotte
1827:card games
1613:_ (1873).
1609:Literature
1272:References
1230:Spoil Five
1157:Low German
1085:Contrabola
1031:Contrabola
1003:cascarilla
999:gascarille
832:(10 cards)
782:(12 cards)
663:(11 cards)
590:, called "
368:Parliament
356:Charles II
318:Preference
255:tarot game
247:Préférence
215:Solo Whist
185:(from
66:typewriter
2474:(Swedish)
2460:Romestecq
2442:Piquesept
2430:Einwerfen
2358:Minchiate
2277:Piquesept
2252:Kauflabet
2247:Karnöffel
2242:Karniffel
2192:Einwerfen
2187:Cinquille
2126:Quintille
2116:Quadrille
2111:Quadrette
2086:Impériale
2056:Guimbarde
1931:Quadrille
1906:Pope Joan
1758:pagat.com
1756:rules at
1671:0305-2133
1656:0305-2133
1641:0305-2133
1534:5 January
1473:cite book
1173:Cinquillo
1155:) or, in
1007:cascarola
995:Gascarola
989:Voltereta
980:Gascarola
966:Penalties
712:(9 cards)
397:Etymology
326:Voltarete
310:Quadrille
239:Quadrille
167:Quadrille
155:Difficult
2450:Sticheln
2426:(Polish)
2424:DruĹĽbart
2420:Chapanka
2389:Conquian
2373:Trappola
2322:Sticheln
2317:Spitzeln
2312:Schlauch
2292:RĂĽmpffen
2237:Kaschlan
2177:Brusbart
2146:Triomphe
2131:Reversis
2106:Pamphile
2101:Papillon
2091:Lenterlu
2026:Commerce
1901:Penneech
1846:Bone ace
1753:L'Hombre
1735:(1863).
1715:(1800).
1698:(2008).
1681:(1980).
1628:(1987).
1249:Estuches
1224:See also
1187:'s poem
1149:Zaragoza
957:Estuches
951:Primeras
529:spadille
511:estuches
507:matadors
338:Colombia
223:L'Hombre
195:l'Hombre
121:40 cards
54:L'Hombre
18:L’Hombre
2462:(Dutch)
2454:Tatteln
2399:Primero
2382:Spanish
2346:Italian
2327:Tatteln
2302:Saunigl
2287:RĂ©union
2282:Pollack
2262:Mariage
2182:Cassino
2141:Tontine
2136:Sizette
2041:Emprunt
2016:Brisque
2011:Briscan
1921:Primero
1834:English
1588::
927:Entrada
916:Codille
895:Scoring
859:Entrada
845:talon.
545:manille
535:black 2
459:Summary
441:Seymour
418:Primero
408:(1695).
330:Bolivia
290:Triunfo
265:History
187:Spanish
147:20 min.
130:Spanish
105:3 (4–5)
102:Players
2446:Skwitz
2404:Rentoy
2197:Elfern
2155:German
2096:Mouche
2036:Culbas
2031:Coucou
2006:Brelan
1976:Ambigu
1969:French
1706:
1689:
1669:
1654:
1639:
1582:
1504:
1411:
1338:
1315:
1179:Poetry
1114:Vole (
1083:Null (
933:Vuelta
910:Puesta
904:Sacada
865:Vuelta
432:Cotton
336:, and
296:, and
227:Lumbur
219:Lomber
211:Boston
207:Euchre
191:hombre
152:Chance
110:Skills
74:Origin
2472:Kille
2413:Other
2394:Ombre
2368:Ronfa
2353:Gilet
2051:Gilet
1896:Noddy
1871:Ombre
1861:Gleek
1841:Andro
1733:]
1595:Ombre
1236:Notes
1153:König
1015:casca
1011:casco
592:punto
579:, or
562:basto
540:red 7
426:ombre
358:, as
314:Whist
298:Tarot
231:Ombre
189:
183:Ombre
118:Cards
78:Spain
42:Ombre
32:ombré
2066:Hère
1991:BĂŞte
1704:ISBN
1687:ISBN
1667:ISSN
1652:ISSN
1637:ISSN
1536:2015
1502:ISBN
1479:link
1409:ISBN
1336:ISBN
1313:ISBN
1116:Bola
1027:Vole
1022:Vole
945:Vole
939:Solo
882:Play
871:Solo
840:Deal
488:Deck
334:Peru
294:Skat
251:BĂŞte
221:and
213:and
175:BĂŞte
171:Solo
136:Play
126:Deck
92:Type
2466:Maw
2071:Hoc
2061:Her
1926:Put
1886:Maw
1617:in
1597:".
1163:).
849:Bid
537:or
509:or
443:'s
434:'s
389:or
366:of
261:.
257:of
2541::
2452:,
2448:,
2444:,
2440:,
2436:,
2432:,
2422:,
1731:de
1544:^
1526:.
1512:^
1475:}}
1471:{{
1444:,
1330:,
1220:.
1039:,
1029:,
1013:,
1009:,
1005:,
1001:,
997::
513::
332:,
209:,
1818:e
1811:t
1804:v
1760:.
1720:.
1538:.
1481:)
828:7
825:6
822:5
819:4
816:3
813:2
810:A
807:J
804:Q
801:K
776:6
773:5
770:4
767:3
764:2
759:J
756:Q
753:K
750:A
744:♣
741:A
735:7
729:â™
726:A
708:2
705:3
702:4
699:5
696:6
693:7
688:J
685:Q
682:K
657:3
654:4
651:5
648:6
645:7
640:J
637:Q
634:K
626:♣
623:A
617:2
611:â™
608:A
586:♦
583:A
575:♥
572:A
564:)
560:(
556:♣
553:A
547:)
543:(
531:)
527:(
523:â™
520:A
385:(
68:.
38:.
20:)
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