85:
of populationālevel practice particularly for faculty whose ability to accrue practice hours is limited by teaching, scholarship, and service demands, and (4) reinstitute BSN certification. Increasing awareness of the PHN certification and support for applicants is critical to the continued viability of this certification. PHN organizations can accomplish this through a comprehensive credentialing marketing campaign including dissemination of promotional materials, collaborative conferences, webinars, and strategies. PHN organizations can target local and state health departments, school districts, colleges and universities, and other nursing associations. The initial focus will be master'sāprepared nurses as there is currently not a credentialing mechanism for baccalaureateāprepared nurses.
110:
research (what we know) and practice (what we do). As a rapidly growing field, implementation science has focused on understanding factors and strategies that influence the initial adoption and integration of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) in real-world settings. Whereas significant advancements have been made in understanding the adoption and implementation of EBIs across a range of community and health care settings, less is known about their sustainability. Recently, experts have prioritized sustainability as an understudied area, identifying it as āone of the most significant translational research problems of our timeā and as a persistent challenge across a range of settings and service delivery sectors, and across health behaviors and outcomes (Shelton et al., 2018).
94:
prepare the way for the population's health and wellbeing up to 2030 and is widely accepted to be everyone's business. There are three main objectives for public health nurses: to prevent illness in individuals and promote healthy lifestyle, protect individuals from disease by the use of immunizations and by monitoring the disease process, and by creating long-term changes in communities through education and health promoting activities. Obviously, correct implementation of the nursing care program is vital in the process of educating and providing guidance to vulnerable families and community groups in order to empower family self-care.
98:
of settings. They put an emphasis on preventative care and basic health education. Their goal is to reduce disease and improve the quantity and quality of life of the general public. Public health nurses work in a variety of settings such as public health agencies, non-profit groups, and educational organizations. They collaborate with health planners and policy makers to make changes and act as an advocate for a particular community. They analyze the issues and patterns within a community and assist in developing interventions or strategies for more effective outcomes. (apaulCSU)
2350:
1178:
81:
especially to those that have tested positive or been exposed and need to isolate. They also participate in hotlines where the community members can call with questions and give up to date information from the Center for
Disease Control. The role of the PHN encompasses promoting healthy lifestyles, identifying people at risk for diseases, and aid in disease prevention which are all ever so important currently.
106:
health issues. Public health education has been essential throughout the years for preventing certain conditions. Promoting vaccinations and infection control techniques has assisted the public in reducing contagious disease transmission. Nurses are needed at every aspect of public work from education campaigns to implementation of hygiene and sanitation initiatives. (apaulCSU)
73:
states, no additional education is required to begin working as a Public Health Nurse. Some jobs require a Public Health Nurse
Certificate and most jobs require on the job training. This certificate is offered at many institutions across the United States and many can be completed online such as the National Board of Public Health Examiners' Certification in Public Health (
2374:
1202:
55:
nurse looks for areas of concern within the community and assesses and plans ways through which the concerns can be resolved or minimized. Some health concerns a public health nurse may work on are infection control, health maintenance, health coaching, as well as home care visits for welfare and to provide care to certain members of the community who may need it. The
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population and limitations to care. Interventions then must be planned and put into place to produce the best possible outcome for the patient. The community health nurse then evaluates effectiveness of the plan while making changes. In combination, this allows the community health nurse to incorporate the community with the health of the patient.
102:
patient, promoting return to baseline functioning, or improvement. Strategies for success are aimed at an entire population, group, family, or individual. Through interventions and strategies, the public health nurse can aim at prevention of illness, injury or disability, the promotion of health, and the maintenance of health populations.
42:, or, Public health nurses (PHNs) or community health nurses "integrate community involvement and knowledge about the entire population with personal, clinical understandings of the health and illness experiences of individuals and families within the population." Public health nursing in the United States traces back to a nurse named
97:
Public health nurses focus on the entire community's population along with the individual and family population. Community and Public Health Nurses apply health promotion and preventative health concepts to individuals, families, groups, aggregates, and populations with an upstream focus in a variety
80:
Due to COVID-19, there is a great need for more healthcare professionals in all scopes of practice. As responders to public health emergencies, Public Health Nurses play a major role in providing care to the communities in which they serve. Their role during a pandemic involves providing education,
84:
There are four major actions that PHN organizations can take to promote and expand PHN certification: (1) increase awareness, (2) provide education and coaching on the advanced PHN certification by portfolio process, (3) expand the definition of practice hours for certification to be more inclusive
105:
Apart from prevention of illness, public health nurses also focus on the promotion of health and maintenance of the health of certain populations. Their role is to keep the public safe and respond to community needs. They provide a linkage between epidemiological data and clinical understanding of
109:
Dissemination and implementation (D&I) science is an emerging priority in public health and medicine in the United States and globally. There is strong interest from the
National Academy of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, and the World Health Organization in narrowing the gap between
101:
Public health nurses may practice in the community on their own, or within a group of several public health nurses. Either way, the public health nurse engages the patient and the community to generate a fruitful outcome. Interventions and strategies may be targeted on the functional level of the
54:
Public health nurses work within communities and focus on different areas to improve the overall health of the people within that community. Some areas of employment for public health nurses are school districts, county or state health departments, and departments of correction. The public health
93:
Public health nurses deliver planned activities that require to protect and promote health in patients that require care. Public health is fundamental to the UK's philosophy for health achievement and attainment over time. It is a central feature of the contemporary health strategy which sets to
63:
Public health nursing focuses on betterment of the community as a whole. Public health nursing is used to promote and protect the population through knowledge of caring for patients at the bedside, in the community, and through social aspects. The public health nurse must assess the needs of the
72:
To become a Public Health Nurse (PHN), one must be a
Registered Nurse, licensed by the state and must possess a Baccalaureate Degree. The ANA offers an ANCC credential for specialized Public Health Nursing known as the Advanced Public Health Nursing-Board Certified (APHN-BC) credential. In some
50:
in New York City and coined the expression "public health nurse". A Public or
Community Health Nurse is expected to comply with the duties and limitations of the American Nurse Association (ANA) publication Public Health Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice.
59:
is a leading health indicator in preventing morbidity and mortality. Clinical preventative services such as immunizations and routine screenings for colorectal cancer, blood pressure control and diabetes management are key to improving the Nation's health.
77:). This certification requires a bachelor's degree, five years of public health work experience as well as the passing of the exam. This exam covers many fields of study including leadership, ethics, program administration, policies and health equity.
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Ezhova I, Sayer L, Newland R, Davis N, McLetchie-Holder S, Burrows P, Middleton L, Malone ME (July 2020). "Models and frameworks that enable nurses to develop their public health practice-A scoping study".
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Vandenhouten CL, DeVance-Wilson CL, Little BB (2015). "Credentialing Public Health Nurses: Current Issues and Next Steps
Forward".
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1911:
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429:"Performance of Public Health Nurses and Coverage of the Nursing Care Program by Community Health Centers in Jember, Indonesia"
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American Nurses
Association. (n.d.). Our Certifications. Retrieved October 28, 2020 from
1993:
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301:"A call to action for public health nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic"
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397:
27:
361:
316:
1873:
864:
2035:
1025:
179:"National center for health statistics: Leading health indicators"
1967:
1218:
1222:
514:
501:"Role of public health nurses in communicable disease control"
433:
International
Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery
214:. Missouri Department of Health & Senior Services. 2020.
2161:
Committee on the
Environment, Public Health and Food Safety
510:
275:
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480:. Missouri Department of Health & Senior Services.
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427:Susanto T, Bachtiar S, Turwantoko T (April 2019).
147:
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153:https://www.nursingworld.org/our-certifications/
167:. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
299:Edmonds JK, Kneipp SM, Campbell L (May 2020).
294:
292:
1234:
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8:
16:Nursing speciality focused on public health
2196:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2122:
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554:
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183:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
57:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2156:Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
2146:Center for Disease Control and Prevention
444:
324:
251:"Certification for Public Health Nursing"
472:
470:
468:
466:
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2201:Health departments in the United States
212:Center for Local Public Health Services
119:
2206:Council on Education for Public Health
743:Nursing credentials and certifications
495:
493:
491:
489:
487:
202:
200:
2264:Professional degrees of public health
2171:Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
7:
2361:
2254:Bachelor of Science in Public Health
1189:
1031:Nursing Interventions Classification
2373:
1522:Workers' right to access the toilet
1363:Human right to water and sanitation
1201:
503:. Arkansas State University. 2017.
14:
1795:Commercial determinants of health
2372:
2360:
2349:
2348:
1378:National public health institute
1200:
1188:
1177:
1176:
165:"Clinical Preventative Services"
1775:Open-source healthcare software
1517:Sociology of health and illness
1041:Nursing Outcomes Classification
1036:Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS)
708:Associate of Science in Nursing
128:"Public Health Nursing Section"
2136:Caribbean Public Health Agency
1948:Sexually transmitted infection
1845:Statistical hypothesis testing
1606:Occupational safety and health
1507:Sexual and reproductive health
1420:Occupational safety and health
713:Bachelor of Science in Nursing
478:"Role of public health nurses"
208:"Public Health Nursing Manual"
46:who, in 1893, established the
1:
1790:Social determinants of health
935:Psychiatric and mental health
1850:Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
1611:Human factors and ergonomics
728:Master of Science in Nursing
356:(5). Boston, Mass.: 565ā76.
2031:Good manufacturing practice
1835:Randomized controlled trial
386:Journal of Clinical Nursing
2422:
2101:Theory of planned behavior
2026:Good agricultural practice
1931:Public health surveillance
1823:epidemiological statistics
1467:Public health intervention
723:Doctor of Nursing Practice
34:. The term was coined by
2344:
2223:World Toilet Organization
2218:World Health Organization
1785:Public health informatics
1492:Right to rest and leisure
1321:Globalization and disease
1172:
880:Women's Health Care Nurse
615:Clinical nurse specialist
2269:Schools of public health
2061:Diffusion of innovations
1760:Health impact assessment
1472:Public health laboratory
1368:Management of depression
1059:International Nurses Day
575:Licensed practical nurse
230:ExploreHealthCareers.org
24:community health nursing
2332:Social hygiene movement
2259:Doctor of Public Health
2091:Social cognitive theory
1893:Infectious and epidemic
1675:Fecalāoral transmission
738:Nurse Licensure Compact
48:Henry Street Settlement
40:Henry Street Settlement
2327:Germ theory of disease
2106:Transtheoretical model
2211:Public Health Service
2096:Social norms approach
2086:PRECEDEāPROCEED model
1532:Preventive healthcare
1425:Pharmaceutical policy
1274:Chief Medical Officer
970:Travel health nursing
570:Clinical nurse leader
350:Public Health Nursing
305:Public Health Nursing
226:"Public Health Nurse"
30:specialty focused on
20:Public health nursing
2287:Sara Josephine Baker
2186:Public Health Agency
2071:Health communication
1936:Disease surveillance
1902:Asymptomatic carrier
1884:Statistical software
1572:Preventive nutrition
1400:Medical anthropology
1289:Environmental health
795:Correctional nursing
392:(13ā14): 2150ā2160.
2297:Carl Rogers Darnall
2292:Samuel Jay Crumbine
2066:Health belief model
1919:Notifiable diseases
1855:Regression analysis
1690:Waterborne diseases
1279:Cultural competence
1129:Republic of Ireland
905:Occupational health
895:Nursing informatics
671:Psych/mental health
255:www.aacnnursing.org
1895:disease prevention
1830:Caseācontrol study
1502:Security of person
1351:Health care reform
993:Nursing assessment
855:Legal consultation
718:Diploma in Nursing
703:Nightingale Pledge
630:Nurse practitioner
398:10.1111/jocn.15267
2401:Community nursing
2388:
2387:
2340:
2339:
2250:Higher education
2081:Positive deviance
2076:Health psychology
2052:Health behavioral
1979:safety management
1953:Social distancing
1727:Population health
1707:Smoking cessation
1655:Pharmacovigilance
1626:Injury prevention
1594:Infection control
1512:Social psychology
1462:Prisoners' rights
1405:Medical sociology
1373:Public health law
1269:Biological hazard
1216:
1215:
1003:Nursing care plan
998:Nursing diagnosis
683:
682:
679:
678:
651:Adult-gerontology
639:NPs by population
620:Nurse anesthetist
600:Advanced practice
362:10.1111/phn.12206
317:10.1111/phn.12733
2413:
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2375:
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2352:
2351:
2246:Health education
2123:
1977:Food hygiene and
1958:Tropical disease
1770:Infant mortality
1745:Community health
1621:Controlled Drugs
1557:Health promotion
1487:Right to housing
1331:Health economics
1243:
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1229:
1220:
1204:
1203:
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870:Medical-surgical
773:Specialties and
733:Board of nursing
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580:Registered nurse
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130:. APHA. May 2012
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22:, also known as
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2019:Safety scandals
1978:
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1812:Social medicine
1805:Race and health
1740:Child mortality
1721:
1680:Open defecation
1562:Human nutrition
1552:Family planning
1540:Behavior change
1526:
1482:Right to health
1395:Maternal health
1385:Health politics
1336:Health literacy
1252:
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1217:
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1017:Classification
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985:Nursing process
979:
820:Faith community
785:Ambulatory care
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590:Nurse scientist
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1014:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1008:Nursing theory
1005:
1000:
995:
989:
987:
981:
980:
978:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
925:Perianesthesia
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
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837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
781:
779:
769:
768:
766:
765:
760:
755:
753:Nurse registry
750:
748:Nursing school
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
699:
697:
685:
684:
681:
680:
677:
676:
674:
673:
668:
663:
661:Women's health
658:
653:
648:
642:
640:
636:
635:
633:
632:
627:
622:
617:
611:
609:
602:
596:
595:
593:
592:
587:
585:Graduate nurse
582:
577:
572:
567:
561:
559:
552:
546:
545:
540:
538:
537:
530:
523:
515:
507:
506:
483:
460:
439:(2): 161ā168.
419:
375:
340:
311:(3): 323ā324.
288:
267:
242:
217:
196:
170:
156:
141:
118:
117:
115:
112:
90:
87:
69:
66:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2418:
2407:
2406:Public health
2404:
2402:
2399:
2398:
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2381:
2380:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2347:
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2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2302:Joseph Lister
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
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2282:
2278:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
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2241:
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2224:
2221:
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2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2181:Health Canada
2179:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2126:Organizations
2124:
2121:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
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2058:
2056:
2050:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1963:Vaccine trial
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1840:Relative risk
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1803:
1801:
1800:Health equity
1798:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1765:Health system
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1755:Global health
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1735:Biostatistics
1733:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
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1597:
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1577:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
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1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1542:
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1538:
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1533:
1529:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
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1510:
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1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1477:Right to food
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1451:
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1443:
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1438:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1411:
1410:Mental health
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1358:Housing First
1356:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1346:Health system
1344:
1343:
1342:
1341:Health policy
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1250:Public health
1244:
1239:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1209:
1208:
1199:
1197:
1196:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1164:
1160:
1159:United States
1157:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
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1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1015:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
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994:
991:
990:
988:
986:
982:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
945:Public health
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
930:Perioperative
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
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836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
800:Critical care
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
782:
780:
778:
770:
764:
761:
759:
756:
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751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
700:
698:
696:
690:
686:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
643:
641:
637:
631:
628:
626:
625:Nurse midwife
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
612:
610:
606:
603:
601:
597:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
565:Student nurse
563:
562:
560:
556:
553:
547:
543:
536:
531:
529:
524:
522:
517:
516:
513:
502:
496:
494:
492:
490:
488:
484:
479:
473:
471:
469:
467:
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461:
456:
452:
447:
442:
438:
434:
430:
423:
420:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
379:
376:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
344:
341:
336:
332:
327:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
295:
293:
289:
277:
271:
268:
256:
252:
246:
243:
231:
227:
221:
218:
213:
209:
203:
201:
197:
184:
180:
174:
171:
166:
160:
157:
154:
148:
146:
142:
129:
123:
120:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
88:
86:
82:
78:
76:
67:
65:
61:
58:
52:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
32:public health
29:
25:
21:
2377:
2365:
2353:
2322:Radium Girls
2317:Typhoid Mary
2004:Microbiology
1874:
1866:
1750:Epidemiology
1648:Organization
1599:Oral hygiene
1589:Hand washing
1567:Healthy diet
1497:Right to sit
1390:Labor rights
1205:
1194:
1181:
1134:South Africa
944:
940:Private duty
608:APNs by role
436:
432:
422:
389:
385:
378:
353:
349:
343:
308:
304:
279:. Retrieved
270:
258:. Retrieved
254:
245:
233:. Retrieved
229:
220:
211:
187:. Retrieved
182:
173:
159:
134:November 30,
132:. Retrieved
122:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
83:
79:
71:
62:
53:
44:Lillian Wald
36:Lillian Wald
23:
19:
18:
2379:WikiProject
2119:and history
1999:Engineering
1712:Vaccination
1584:Food safety
1207:WikiProject
1124:Philippines
1109:New Zealand
965:Telenursing
915:Orthopedics
845:Home health
558:Generalists
281:October 28,
260:October 28,
235:October 28,
189:October 28,
68:Credentials
2395:Categories
2132:Caribbean
2009:Processing
1943:Quarantine
1865:Student's
1665:Sanitation
1299:History of
1051:By country
920:Pediatrics
900:Obstetrics
860:Management
850:Hyperbaric
835:Geriatrics
656:Pediatrics
549:Levels of
114:References
89:Background
2312:John Snow
2239:Education
2229:Full list
2117:education
2041:ISO 22000
1994:Chemistry
1907:Epidemics
1860:ROC curve
1670:Emergency
1450:Radiation
1430:Pollution
1414:Ministers
1311:Euthenics
1084:Hong Kong
1064:Australia
875:Midwifery
815:Emergency
810:Education
775:areas of
695:licensure
689:Education
414:214785515
2355:Category
2054:sciences
1989:Additive
1660:Safe sex
1631:Medicine
1545:Theories
1316:Genomics
1294:Eugenics
1284:Deviance
1264:Auxology
1183:Category
1119:Pakistan
1113:timeline
1068:timeline
960:Surgical
910:Oncology
890:Neonatal
885:Military
840:Holistic
830:Forensic
777:practice
666:Neonatal
551:practice
455:31041326
406:32246732
370:26076925
335:32281160
2367:Commons
2280:History
2177:Canada
2152:Europe
1636:Nursing
1616:Hygiene
1579:Hygiene
1304:Liberal
1257:General
1195:Commons
1163:history
1153:history
1079:Germany
1019:systems
790:Cardiac
542:Nursing
446:6456767
326:7262140
276:"NBPHE"
38:of the
28:nursing
2167:India
2142:China
2014:Safety
1695:Worker
1144:Taiwan
1074:Canada
950:School
865:Matron
825:Flight
805:Dental
646:Family
453:
443:
412:
404:
368:
333:
323:
2192:U.S.
2036:HACCP
1985:Food
1877:-test
1869:-test
1455:Light
1440:Water
1139:Spain
1104:Kenya
1099:Japan
1089:India
1026:NANDA
955:Space
758:NCLEX
410:S2CID
75:NBPHE
26:is a
1968:WASH
1924:List
1912:List
1445:Soil
1094:Iran
975:WOCN
763:TEAS
692:and
451:PMID
402:PMID
366:PMID
331:PMID
283:2020
262:2020
237:2020
191:2020
136:2012
1435:Air
441:PMC
394:doi
358:doi
321:PMC
313:doi
2397::
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138:.
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