50:
1132:
665:
Garstang, John, and Gurney, Oliver Robert. The
Geography of the Hittite Empire, p.30. United Kingdom, British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara, 1959.
715:
The Palaic peoples were very quickly overwhelmed by the invasions of the Kaskas, a non-IE people from the East, who swept them away and for centuries kept attacking the
Hittite kingdom
757:
750:
1162:
743:
766:
322:
where the cult of Palaic deities continued even when contacts between
Hittites and Pala had disappeared. The following deities are known:
298:. At the end of the Old Hittite period, contact between the Hittites and Pala ceased because of the capture of the Black Sea region by the
49:
674:
Bryce, Trevor. The
Trojans & Their Neighbours, p. 140. United Kingdom, Taylor & Francis, 2006.
173:
148:
1066:
708:
647:
The Indo-European
Language Family: A Phylogenetic Perspective, p. 7. N.p., Cambridge University Press, 2022.
1086:
1167:
1157:
242:
to the west and
Kaissiya to Mount Asharpaya toward the south. The country named *Bla leading to Blaene in
1081:
420:
1111:
1002:
259:
1116:
1061:
704:
416:
340:
306:(1330–1295 BCE). It is likely that the Palaic peoples disappeared after the Kaskian invasion.
215:
780:
364:
344:
302:
people, though the area was still referred to as 'the land of Pala" as late as the reign of
243:
227:
81:
444:
381:
972:
902:
461:
271:
219:
71:
319:
314:
The Palaic mythology is known from cuneiform ritual texts from the temple of the Palaic
1071:
868:
1151:
1136:
1034:
303:
370:
683:
Essays on
Anatolian Archaeology, p. 14. Germany, Harrassowitz, 1993.
295:
1018:
374:
694:
1106:
853:
810:
656:
Hittite
Landscape and Geography, p.234. Netherlands, Brill, 2022.
287:
255:
166:
17:
735:
1010:
957:
897:
892:
838:
828:
795:
211:
91:
1091:
700:
395:
315:
251:
203:
1076:
917:
843:
820:
815:
805:
485:
299:
291:
153:
1101:
1096:
1040:
1030:
1022:
967:
962:
931:
907:
888:
863:
858:
848:
832:
800:
352:
266:
located within, though it has been alternately located near modern-day
239:
222:
and its native religion. Their language shared common innovations with
1045:
1026:
1014:
997:
977:
947:
922:
790:
785:
263:
223:
191:
1006:
992:
987:
982:
952:
912:
878:
873:
824:
402:
267:
926:
275:
739:
238:
Pala is said to have been bordered by
Tummana to the east,
290:
period Pala was mentioned as an administrative area under
274:
believed it was situated 600 km to the east of ancient
250:. The country of Pala may have been located along the
230:
suggesting a prior Luwian-Palaic linguistic complex.
54:
The location of Pala in
Northern Bronze Age Anatolia
1054:
940:
773:
187:
111:
101:
87:
77:
67:
59:
32:
751:
8:
693:Ramat, Anna Giacalone; Ramat, Paolo (2015).
218:. Little is known of Pala except its native
758:
744:
736:
48:
29:
324:
728:Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia
630:
628:
626:
624:
622:
620:
616:
254:coast, either in the region known as
110:
100:
96:
7:
392:Kataḫziwuri, name of Hattian origin
25:
636:Völker und Sprachen Altanatoliens
454:Ḫašammili, name of Hattian origin
262:or the much smaller territory of
1130:
171:
146:
27:Country from Bronze Age Anatolia
1:
1163:States in Bronze Age Anatolia
43:Unknown–at the latest 1178 BC
767:Ancient kingdoms of Anatolia
730:. Wiesbaden 2009, p. 58-59.
696:The Indo-European Languages
638:. Wiesbaden 2008, p. 60-61.
360:Palaic major god, storm god
1184:
1125:
125:
121:
97:
47:
42:
318:in the Hittite capital
113:• Disestablished
117:at the latest 1178 BC
68:Common languages
294:jurisdiction in the
260:classical antiquity
226:not present in the
103:• Established
1145:
1144:
1137:Turkey portal
609:
608:
417:Sun god of Heaven
363:Zaparwa, name of
337:Alternative Names
216:Northern Anatolia
197:
196:
183:
182:
179:
178:
159:
158:
16:(Redirected from
1175:
1135:
1134:
1133:
760:
753:
746:
737:
731:
724:
718:
717:
690:
684:
681:
675:
672:
666:
663:
657:
654:
648:
645:
639:
632:
325:
244:cuneiform script
228:Hittite language
175:
174:
163:
162:
150:
149:
143:
142:
127:
126:
52:
30:
21:
18:Palaic mythology
1183:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1131:
1129:
1121:
1050:
936:
769:
764:
734:
726:Piotr Taracha:
725:
721:
711:
703:. p. 172.
692:
691:
687:
682:
678:
673:
669:
664:
660:
655:
651:
646:
642:
633:
618:
614:
439:Daraweš Gulšeš
389:wife of Zaparwa
312:
284:
246:was written as
236:
220:Palaic language
172:
147:
114:
104:
82:Palaic religion
55:
38:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1181:
1179:
1171:
1170:
1168:Hittite Empire
1165:
1160:
1158:Palaic peoples
1150:
1149:
1143:
1142:
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1139:
1126:
1123:
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1120:
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900:
895:
886:
881:
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871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
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841:
836:
821:Hurrian States
818:
816:Hittite Empire
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
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783:
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771:
770:
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755:
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719:
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634:Maciej Popko:
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433:fate goddesses
431:
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88:Historical era
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14:
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2:
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1098:
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1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1072:Armenia Minor
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1055:Classical Age
1053:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
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986:
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826:
822:
819:
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812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
791:Assuwa League
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
778:
776:
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768:
761:
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747:
742:
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641:
637:
631:
629:
627:
625:
623:
621:
617:
611:
604:
602:
600:
597:
595:Uliliyantikeš
594:
593:
590:
588:
586:
583:
580:
579:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:Ilaliyantikeš
565:
564:
560:
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553:
550:
549:
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544:
542:
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536:
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470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
459:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
442:
438:
436:Gulzikannikeš
435:
432:
429:
426:
425:
422:
418:
415:
412:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
397:
394:
391:
388:
385:
383:
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379:
376:
372:
369:
366:
362:
359:
356:
354:
351:
350:
346:
342:
339:
336:
333:
331:Gender/Number
330:
327:
326:
323:
321:
317:
309:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
281:
279:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
233:
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
193:
190:
188:Today part of
186:
170:
168:
165:
164:
161:
155:
152:
145:
144:
141:
140:
137:
134:
132:
129:
128:
124:
120:
116:
106:
93:
90:
86:
83:
80:
76:
73:
70:
66:
62:
58:
51:
46:
41:
31:
19:
1003:Neo-Hittites
883:
727:
722:
714:
695:
688:
679:
670:
661:
652:
643:
635:
500:hearth deity
347:counterpart
313:
296:Hittite laws
285:
247:
237:
207:
199:
198:
136:Succeeded by
135:
130:
1107:Paphlagonia
811:Hayasa-Azzi
605:Uliliyašši
427:Gulzannikeš
382:Kataḫzipuri
288:Old Hittite
256:Paphlagonia
214:country in
167:Paphlagonia
131:Preceded by
1152:Categories
1082:Cappadocia
1062:Antigonids
1011:Carchemish
958:Cimmerians
898:Purushanda
893:Sagalassos
829:Kizzuwatna
796:Carchemish
774:Bronze Age
710:113492187X
612:References
551:Aššanuwant
537:Ḫašauwanza
304:Muršili II
212:Bronze Age
92:Bronze Age
1092:Commagene
701:Routledge
574:Ilaliyant
522:Ḫilanzipa
515:Šaušḫilla
507:Šaušḫalla
430:goddesses
396:Kamrušepa
316:storm god
310:Mythology
270:as well.
252:Black Sea
204:Cuneiform
78:Religion
1112:Pergamon
1077:Bithynia
941:Iron Age
781:Ahhiyawa
581:Kuwanšeš
561:Aššiyat
486:Kammamma
445:Ḫašamili
234:Location
210:) was a
154:Hattians
1102:Osroene
1097:Galatia
1087:Cilicia
1067:Armenia
1041:Phrygia
1023:Kammanu
1019:Ḫilakku
968:Diauehi
963:Colchis
932:Zalpuwa
908:Shupria
889:Pisidia
864:Miletus
849:Kussara
839:Kalašma
833:Mitanni
801:Hapalla
598:deities
584:deities
569:deities
530:Ḫilašši
466:goddess
410:sun god
386:goddess
375:Tarḫunt
371:Tarḫuna
365:Hattian
353:Ziparwa
341:Hittite
320:Ḫattuša
300:Kaskian
292:Hittite
286:In the
282:History
248:pa-la-a
240:Kalasma
208:pa-la-a
107:Unknown
63:Unknown
60:Capital
1117:Pontus
1046:Urartu
1027:Kummuh
1015:Gurgum
998:Mushki
978:Etiuni
948:Aeolia
923:Wilusa
844:Kaskia
786:Arzawa
707:
494:Hearth
477:Kamama
367:origin
345:Luwian
264:Blaene
224:Luwian
192:Turkey
72:Palaic
1035:Tabal
1007:Atuna
993:Lydia
988:Lycia
983:Ionia
973:Doris
953:Caria
918:Urumu
913:Urshu
879:Nairi
874:Mysia
859:Luwia
854:Lukka
825:Isuwa
806:Hatti
554:deity
540:deity
525:deity
510:deity
497:deity
421:Tiwaz
413:Tiyad
403:Tiyaz
334:Notes
272:Bryce
268:Sivas
1031:Quwê
927:Troy
903:Seha
884:Pala
869:Mira
705:ISBN
462:Inar
328:Name
276:Troy
200:Pala
37:Pala
34:Pala
480:god
449:god
407:god
357:god
343:or
258:in
1154::
1033:,
1029:,
1025:,
1021:,
1017:,
1013:,
1009:,
831:,
827:,
713:.
699:.
619:^
419:,
373:,
278:.
206::
1037:)
1005:(
925:/
891:/
835:)
823:(
759:e
752:t
745:v
202:(
20:)
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