1434:
88:
333:
A large amount of Sami root words that start with the ÄŚ or K sounds tend to be from Paleo-Laplandic. Paleo-Laplandic like Sami had many different words for describing different types of animals, weather, and geographical features they often encountered.
541:
110:, and the languages became extinct around AD 500. A considerable amount of words in Sámi languages originate from Paleo-Laplandic; more than 1,000 loanwords from Paleo-Laplandic likely exist. Many toponyms in
546:. CONTACTS: Archaeology, genetics, languages - joining forces to shed light on early contacts (4000 BC - 1000 AD) between Indo-European and Uralic speakers. Helsinki. pp. 17–36 – via Academia.edu.
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482:
575:
1292:
1490:
1232:
392:
125:
from Paleo-Laplandic, it can be theorized that the words were borrowed from distinct but related languages that were characterized in the west by an
543:
How did
Lapland become Saami? Reconstructing the interaction of Proto-Saami, Proto-Norse and Palaeo-Laplandic language communities in the Iron Age
358:. During this process the Paleo-Laplandic language was supplanted by Proto-Sami, though it is unclear if Paleo-Laplandic had any contact with
511:
427:
1495:
1471:
465:
Aikio, Ante (2004). "An Essay on
Substrate Studies and the Origin of Saami". In Irma Hyvärinen; Petri Kallio; Jarmo Korhonen (eds.).
1315:
1515:
568:
1157:
1145:
118:
have preserved a large number of words from Paleo-Laplandic, this suggests that Paleo-Laplandic groups influenced Sámi culture.
1222:
1505:
1372:
1362:
1357:
1050:
834:
829:
156:
1202:
471:. MĂ©moires de la SociĂ©tĂ© NĂ©ophilologique de Helsinki. Vol. 63. Helsinki. pp. 5–34 – via www.academia.edu.
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The Sami
Influence on the Scandinavian Languages: A Contribution to the History of the Scandinavian Language
1187:
1182:
947:
919:
910:
869:
343:
940:
1339:
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735:
673:
499:
Der samische
Einfluss auf die skandinavischen Sprachen: Ein Beitrag zur skandinavischen Sprachgeschichte
57:
159:
words but found no similarities aside from a distinction between central and peripheral accentuation.
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Etymologie, Entlehnungen und
Entwicklungen: Festschrift fĂĽr Jorma Koivulehto zum 70. Geburtstag
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506:] (in German) (1 ed.). Berlin: Humboldt-Universität zu Bln Nordeuropa Inst.
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144:. The substrate words have no apparent parallels to any known language. Linguist
1433:
402:
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1352:
1071:
1021:
887:
452:
Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran
Toimituksia/Mémoires de la Société Finno-Ougrienne
106:(northern Scandinavia). The speakers of Paleo-Laplandic languages switched to
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359:
75:
497:
122:
115:
111:
103:
30:
588:
351:
347:
342:
The time from 1 AD to 700 AD was a time of massive change in Sapmi, as
114:
originate from Paleo-Laplandic. Because Sámi language etymologies for
680:
466:
102:
is a hypothetical group of extinct but related languages spoken in
394:
Common Era Sápmi
Language Replacement: Motivation and Mechanisms
16:
Hypothetical group of extinct languages of northern
Fennoscandia
557:
136:
Many words relating to the environment or reindeer such as
140:("spring") are likely loanwords from Paleo-Laplandic into
397:(Technical report). Austin, Texas: University of Texas.
1445:
1338:
1291:
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718:
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73:
68:
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36:
26:
21:
92:Languages of northern Europe in the early iron age
422:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co.
445:"An Essay on Saami Ethnolinguistic Prehistory"
1465:
569:
8:
1413:Families with more than 30 languages are in
129:-type sibilant, while in the east it was an
1472:
1458:
1118:
1026:
576:
562:
554:
481:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
86:
18:
121:Due to irregular correspondences in Sámi
166:
383:
474:
346:speakers migrated north from Southern
7:
1430:
1428:
535:
533:
531:
1440:This language-related article is a
1444:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
14:
1491:Unclassified languages of Europe
1432:
1:
1496:Extinct languages of Europe
540:Aikio, Ante (May 9, 2019).
496:Kuzmenko, Jurij K. (2008).
403:10.13140/RG.2.2.30925.33768
1537:
1427:
1233:Chukotko-Kamchatkan–Amuric
1401:
1121:
416:Haarmann, Harald (2016).
372:Pre-Finno-Ugric substrate
282:middle-sized harbor seal
85:
454:(266). Helsinki: 63–117.
391:Weinstock, John (2018).
163:List of substratum words
1516:Prehistoric Scandinavia
1410:have no living members.
1293:East and Southeast Asia
306:2-year old harbor seal
155:compared them with the
157:Pre-Germanic substrate
298:full-grown male seal
1506:Scandinavian culture
443:Aikio, Ante (2012).
1051:Chukotko-Kamchatkan
835:Northwest Caucasian
830:Northeast Caucasian
171:
1316:Austronesian–Ongan
1115:Proposed groupings
322:young harbor seal
167:
1453:
1452:
1425:
1424:
1334:
1333:
1326:Sino-Austronesian
1110:
1109:
585:Language families
513:978-3-932406-25-6
429:978-1-4766-2565-2
326:
325:
97:
96:
1528:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1436:
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1393:Proto-Euphratean
1119:
1027:
995:Great Andamanese
578:
571:
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175:Substratum Word
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133:-type sibilant.
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1480:
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1478:
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1397:
1388:Paleo-Laplandic
1383:Pre-Finno-Ugric
1330:
1287:
1251:Greater Siangic
1237:
1223:Uralic–Yukaghir
1173:Ibero-Caucasian
1168:Elamo-Dravidian
1106:
1065:
1016:
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824:North Caucasian
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714:
653:Paleo-Sardinian
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226:seal's flipper
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100:Paleo-Laplandic
93:
74:
64:
53:
50:Language family
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22:Paleo-Laplandic
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1521:Language stubs
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1511:Sámi languages
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1218:Uralo-Siberian
1215:
1210:
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1203:Serbi–Mongolic
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1163:Dravido-Korean
1160:
1158:Dené–Yeniseian
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1146:Dené–Caucasian
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1133:
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764:Hurro-Urartian
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146:Jurij Kuzmenko
108:Sámi languages
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69:Language codes
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27:Native to
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729:Indo-European
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606:Indo-European
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579:
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265:
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261:
257:
254:
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249:
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241:
238:
237:
234:bearded seal
233:
230:
229:
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222:
221:
217:
214:
213:
209:
206:
205:
201:
198:
197:
193:
190:
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186:bearded seal
185:
182:
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177:
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169:Northern Sami
162:
160:
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152:
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119:
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42:around 500 AD
41:
39:
35:
32:
29:
25:
20:
1446:expanding it
1439:
1414:
1407:
1406:Families in
1387:
1363:Pre-Goidelic
1358:Pre-Germanic
1188:Indo-Semitic
1183:Indo-Pacific
1178:Indo-Hittite
1093:
1086:
1079:
1009:
986:Indian Ocean
953:
948:Austronesian
946:
939:
932:
925:
920:Sino-Tibetan
918:
897:
875:
870:Sino-Tibetan
868:
861:
854:
822:
797:
790:
783:
776:
769:
762:
755:
748:
741:
734:
727:
707:
700:
693:
686:
679:
674:North Picene
672:
665:
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
618:
611:
604:
542:
503:
498:
491:
467:
460:
451:
438:
418:
411:
393:
386:
356:Fennoscandia
354:to northern
341:
332:
290:harbor seal
274:ringed seal
194:harbor seal
137:
135:
130:
126:
120:
99:
98:
58:unclassified
1213:Ural-Altaic
1193:Indo-Uralic
1005:Sentinelese
736:Afroasiatic
702:Eteocypriot
149: [
1485:Categories
1353:Pre-Celtic
1321:East Asian
1311:Austro-Tai
1301:Andamanese
1151:Eurasiatic
1072:North Asia
1022:North Asia
934:Hmong–Mien
888:Burushaski
847:South Asia
818:Kartvelian
785:Philistine
695:Eteocretan
639:Tartessian
378:References
344:Proto-Sami
218:gray Seal
210:harp seal
1378:Pre-Vedic
1368:Pre-Greek
1340:Substrata
1243:Arunachal
1141:Nostratic
1126:Alarodian
1061:Yeniseian
911:East Asia
863:Dravidian
720:West Asia
688:Tyrsenian
522:244629279
477:cite book
360:Old Norse
263:njuorjju
242:seal pup
123:loanwords
116:reindeers
76:ISO 639-3
1373:Vasconic
1348:Atlantic
1102:Eskaleut
1056:Yukaghir
971:Koreanic
966:Tungusic
961:Mongolic
899:Harappan
810:Caucasus
792:Sumerian
667:Ligurian
366:See also
329:Features
311:skuogga
287:roahkka
279:riehkku
207:dealljá
199:buovjja
178:English
1408:italics
1306:Austric
1283:Kho-Bwa
1278:Hrusish
1256:Siangic
1198:Karasuk
1098: ?
1011:Kenaboi
976:Japonic
941:Kra–Dai
902: ?
893:Kusunda
799:Elamite
771:Kassite
757:Kaskian
660:Camunic
632:Iberian
589:Eurasia
352:Karelia
348:Finland
338:Decline
319:vieksi
314:baleen
303:skávdu
255:noarvi
250:walrus
239:jiepma
231:jeagis
223:gáhtir
215:deavut
202:beluga
38:Extinct
1268:Mijiic
1261:Digaro
1208:Pontic
1136:Borean
1131:Altaic
1095:Rouran
1088:Turkic
1081:Uralic
1070:Other
955:Turkic
883:Nihali
778:Gutian
750:Hattic
743:Turkic
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