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The
Paravur Synagogue is among the oldest synagogues that still exist in Kerala and is also the largest Synagogue complex. The current synagogue was built in 1615 AD at the Jewish street of Paravur and very close to the Paravur Market where the Jewish community had settled and worked as traders.
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The exterior inner wall of the
Synagogue compound also holds a plaque dated 1616, with Hebrew text engraved on a stone slab under the name of David Ya’acov Castiel Mudaliar, the fourth Mudaliyar (community leader) of the Kerala Jews, who was instrumental in the rebuilding of the Synagogue.
234:, it has undergone successive phases of destruction and reconstruction. The present synagogue complex dates to 1616 A.D., but it was built on top of a much older building speculated to have been constructed as early as 750 A.D or 1105 A.D., making it one of the oldest synagogues in
371:(the quorum or minimum number of 10 Jewish adults required to conduct worship) could not be met and the Synagogue largely remained unattended during later decades. The last ever worship service was conducted in 1988.
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367:. As of 1949, there were about three hundred Jews still living in Paravur, but most of them immigrated to Israel in large numbers by the mid 1950s. By 1970s, the public worship at the Synagogue ceased as the
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during 16th and 17th centuries. According to a traditional Jewish
Malayalam song, the synagogue was put to fire in 1662, most likely by the Portuguese, at around the same time when the
242:. It is currently non-operational as a synagogue for worship. It has been renovated by the Government of Kerala and is open to public visits as the Kerala Jews History Museum.
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However, traditional accounts hint at a much older heritage, indicating that it was built on top of the ruins of an older synagogue dated 1165 AD.
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Although the community lived peacefully throughout their history among the locals, there were conflicts due to foreign invaders such as
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in Kerala, it has a balcony and a separate gallery for women to assemble, with direct access from outside through a staircase.
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269:) had been arriving in Kerala since 1st millennia BC for trading, and their communities were mostly settled around today's
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and converted this into a museum to highlight the Jewish heritage of Kerala. They were opened to public in 2014.
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and established
Synagogues at their respective settlements for public worship. This was documented in the
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797:"Steeped in Jewish history: The Kerala relics Modi gifted to Netanyahu on his maiden Israel visit"
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According to a report by the
International Survey of Jewish Monuments (ISJM), the original
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After the modern State of Israel was established in 1948, the
Paravur Jews started to make
1044:"Kerala Jews Historical Museum at Paravur Synagogue | Museums at Muziris Heritage Project"
320:. Memories of this incident were preserved by oral tradition through traditional songs in
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Weil, Shalva (1 November 2009). "The Place of Alwaye in Modern Cochin Jewish
History".
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308:, according to some sources ), the community had to relocate to nearby towns such as
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dated 10th century AD issued by
Bhaskara Ravi Varman to the Jewish community leader
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The
Paravur Synagogue is built with a unique blend of traditional Jewish
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Paravur Jewish
Cemetery is situated to next to Lakshmi College Paravoor
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710:"A revival of Jewish heritage on the Indian tourism trail"
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during the 18th century) and European colonizers such as
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340:(during the Malabar raids led by Hyder Ali and his son
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1104:"Kerala's 3,000-year-old history gets four new homes"
406:) were moved to Israel in 1995 and preserved there.
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386:of the Parur Synagogue are now displayed in the
16:Former synagogue in North Paravur, Kerala, India
647:about 5 km away, along the Periyar river
19:For a full list of Synagogues in Kerala, see
8:
759:Anandan, S.; Anandan, S. (2 December 2013).
273:region (which was then a trading port named
1070:"Museums opened as part of Muziris project"
494:styles. This is most evident in the use of
944:PhD Thesis: Jewish Malayalam Women's Songs
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761:"On display, the history of Malabar Jews"
414:In 1996, the synagogue was declared as a
332:Synagogue in the Piyyutim of Cochin Jews
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420:Kerala State Department of Archaeology
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1102:Jain, Mahima A (27 November 2014).
950:. Hebrew University. Archived from
833:"Paravur synagogue to be restored"
300:In the 14th century AD, after the
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867:Journal of Modern Jewish Studies
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513:architecture of other synagogues
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172:Portuguese colonial architecture
1145:Synagogues preserved as museums
1068:Staff Reporter (4 March 2014).
831:Srivathsan, A (16 March 2010).
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714:The Jerusalem Post (JPost.com)
653:dated 52 AD, about 400 m away.
1:
708:Shalva Weil (16 July 2010).
667:List of Synagogues in Kerala
477:List of synagogues in Kerala
410:Kerala Jews Lifestyle Museum
260:History of the Jews in India
72:Kerala Jews Lifestyle Museum
21:List of Synagogues in Kerala
910:"Jewish songs in Malayalam"
651:Kottakkavu Mar Thoma Church
224:Jewish synagogues in Kerala
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1016:"The Synagogues of Kerala"
987:"Kerala - Parur Synagogue"
908:Pradeep, P (26 May 2003).
735:"The Synagogues of Kerala"
481:Cochin Jewish Architecture
475:For more information, see
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250:For more information, see
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167:Cochin Jewish Architecture
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879:10.1080/14725880903263044
941:Gamliel, Ophira (2009).
645:Chendamangalam Synagogue
425:Muziris Heritage Project
240:Common Wealth of Nations
1108:The Hindu Business Line
1048:www.muzirisheritage.org
543:Paravur Jewish Cemetery
488:Synagogue architecture
448:This section is empty.
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230:(Parur). Built by the
105:Geographic coordinates
507:Gatehouse (padippura)
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302:Periyar Flood of 1341
1140:Synagogues in Kerala
662:Kochangadi Synagogue
492:Kerala architectural
304:(that also caused a
189:Direction of façade
127:10.1797°N 76.2097°E
123: /
416:protected monument
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354:Paradesi Synagogue
31:Paravur Synagogue
1014:Waronker, Jay A.
985:Waronker, Jay A.
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33:בית הכנסת פראבור
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287:Cheraman Perumal
220:בית הכנסת פראבור
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212:പറവൂർ ജൂതപള്ളി
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35:പറവൂർ ജൂതപള്ളി
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252:Paravur Taluk
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226:, located in
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920:the original
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744:28 September
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471:Architecture
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452:adding to it
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432:Paravur Jews
423:
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402:(containing
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390:in Jerusalem
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267:Malabar Jews
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232:Malabar Jews
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143:Architecture
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1150:Cochin Jews
1113:14 December
1087:14 December
1053:14 December
1025:14 December
996:14 December
961:14 December
926:14 December
850:14 December
807:14 December
778:14 December
719:14 December
490:as well as
342:Tipu Sultan
283:Chera kings
271:Kodungallur
256:Cochin Jews
130: /
46:Affiliation
1129:Categories
688:References
682:Kottapuram
358:Fort Kochi
346:Portuguese
118:76°12′35″E
115:10°10′47″N
1082:0971-751X
1074:The Hindu
915:The Hindu
895:143889867
887:1472-5886
845:0971-751X
837:The Hindu
773:0971-751X
765:The Hindu
523:Breezeway
502:Structure
496:padippura
208:Malayalam
181:Completed
152:Synagogue
677:Pattanam
639:See also
538:Interior
398:and the
285:such as
238:and the
82:Location
77:Location
63:Sephardi
40:Religion
672:Muziris
551:Gallery
310:Paravur
306:Tsunami
275:Muziris
246:History
96:Country
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369:minyan
365:Aliyah
279:Kollam
277:) and
258:, and
216:Hebrew
90:Kerala
69:Status
955:(PDF)
948:(PDF)
891:S2CID
533:Azara
396:bimah
356:near
350:Dutch
318:Kochi
236:India
192:South
159:Style
99:India
1115:2017
1089:2017
1078:ISSN
1055:2017
1027:2017
998:2017
963:2017
928:2017
883:ISSN
852:2017
841:ISSN
809:2017
780:2017
769:ISSN
746:2021
721:2017
479:and
384:bima
382:and
378:The
348:and
316:and
202:aka
198:The
184:1616
148:Type
58:Rite
875:doi
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400:ark
380:ark
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