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overtly or covertly share sexual access to the husband of one or the other, raising the possibility that apparent parallel cousins are in fact half-siblings, sired by the same father. Note that there is no possibility of any classificatory cousins sharing the same mother. Because maternal identity is (almost) never in question, they would be automatically classified as siblings. Only mistaken paternity leads to such errors.
36:
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981:, it is unlikely that cross-cousins can share a father by overt or covert sexual relationships. It would only be possible if a subject's mother had a brother whose wife was impregnated by the subject's father, thereby allowing apparent cross-cousins to be covert half-siblings, sharing the same father.
992:
claimed that
Islamization was a strong and significant predictor of parallel cousin (father's brother's daughter – FBD) marriage. He has shown that while there is a clear functional connection between Islam and FBD marriage, the prescription to marry a FBD does not appear to be sufficient to persuade
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on parallel, but not on cross-cousins. Fathers who are also brothers may overtly or covertly share sexual relations with the wife of one or the other, raising the possibility that apparent parallel cousins are in fact half-siblings, sired by the same father. Likewise, mothers who are also sisters may
934:
systems, that a male parallel cousin is referred to as "brother", and a female parallel cousin is "sister". In an
Iroquois type of terminology, if the terms used to refer to cross-cousins are assimilated to those for other relatives, it is generally in-laws (since marriage with cross-cousins is often
854:
is from a parent's opposite-sex sibling. Thus, a parallel cousin is the child of the father's brother (paternal uncle's child) or of the mother's sister (maternal aunt's child), while a cross-cousin is the child of the mother's brother (maternal uncle's child) or of the father's sister (paternal
918:, relatives far beyond genealogical first cousins are referred to using the terms for parallel and cross-cousins. And in many societies, parallel cousins (but not cross-cousins) are also referred to by the same terms that are used for siblings. For instance, it is characteristic of the
895:, such as the preferential marriage of a male to his father's brother's daughter, common among some pastoral peoples. Such a marriage helps keep property within a lineage. On the other hand, parallel cousin unions in some cultures would fall under an
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people to marry thus, even if the marriage brings with it economic advantages. According to
Korotayev, a systematic acceptance of parallel cousin marriage took place when Islamization occurred together with Arabization.
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preferentially favored), so that the terms for "male cross-cousin" and "brother-in-law" are the same, as are the terms for "female cross-cousin" and "sister-in-law".
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This possibility is much less likely for cross-cousins, because in the absence of full-sibling
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suggested that uncertainty regarding paternity may help account for the intermarriage
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A chart showing family members in relation to a particular
Subject (black triangle)
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The role of cross-cousins is especially important in some cultures. For example,
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aunt's child). Where there are unilineal descent groups in a society (i.e.
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Parallel Cousin (FBD) Marriage, Islamization, and
Arabization
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891:. Parallel cousins are occasionally the subject of
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
27:
Difference between cousins based on parents' gender
938:The remaining types of kinship terminology (the
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746:Matrilineal / matrilocal societies
850:from a parent's same-sex sibling, while a
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
920:"Iroquois" system of kinship terminology
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985:Middle Eastern parallel cousin marriage
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1058:. Cambridge University Press. p. 142.
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914:In many "classificatory" systems of
758:Sex and Repression in Savage Society
58:adding citations to reliable sources
767:Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship
25:
258:Parallel / cross cousins
152:
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1117:Matrilineal and Patrilineal Kin
906:whereas cross-cousins are not.
45:needs additional citations for
1:
400:Household forms and residence
465:Classificatory terminologies
69:"Parallel and cross cousins"
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1028:List of coupled cousins
1121:University of Manitoba
880:
775:"The Traffic in Women"
608:Coming of Age in Samoa
1088:39/4 (2000): 395–407.
1018:Cultural anthropology
932:Australian Aboriginal
910:Kinship terminologies
878:
791:Cultural anthropology
751:Feminist anthropology
543:Australian Aboriginal
1056:The Evolution of Sex
967:Richard D. Alexander
963:The Evolution of Sex
887:between them in the
885:marriage is promoted
682:Bronisław Malinowski
54:improve this article
1101:Kin Naming Systems
1003:Kinship and descent
922:, its variants the
916:kinship terminology
787:Social anthropology
677:Claude Lévi-Strauss
460:Kinship terminology
283:Joking relationship
278:Posthumous marriage
965:(1978) notes that
959:John Maynard Smith
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717:David M. Schneider
563:Polyandry in Tibet
1052:Maynard Smith, J.
893:promoted marriage
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702:Stephen O. Murray
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829:consanguineal
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71: –
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65:Find sources:
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43:This article
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852:cross-cousin
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844:ortho-cousin
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836:anthropology
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565: /
532:Case studies
513:
378:Unilineality
337:Matrilateral
330: /
305: /
301: /
293:Cohabitation
257:
198:Incest taboo
116:
110:January 2024
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
930:, and most
861:patrilineal
857:matrilineal
712:Gayle Rubin
450:Terminology
365:Linealities
243:Bride price
233:Concubinage
1137:Cousinship
948:"Sudanese"
940:"Hawaiian"
904:unilineage
657:Don Kulick
642:Jack Goody
632:Diane Bell
558:Philippine
434:Patrilocal
418:Matrilocal
413:Matrifocal
357:Avunculate
347:Collateral
80:newspapers
1085:Ethnology
1013:Genealogy
599:Sexuality
514:(debated)
332:Bilateral
238:Polyandry
1131:Category
997:See also
944:"Eskimo"
576:Feminist
567:in India
507:Sudanese
502:Hawaiian
482:Iroquois
473:By group
424:Neolocal
408:Extended
328:Cognatic
273:Sororate
268:Levirate
228:Polygamy
223:Polygyny
218:Monogamy
203:Endogamy
193:Marriage
183:Affinity
137:a series
135:Part of
1119:at the
1054:(1978)
928:"Omaha"
865:exogamy
859:and/or
832:kinship
585:Chambri
553:Chinese
548:Burmese
429:Nuclear
316:Descent
299:Fictive
208:Exogamy
178:Lineage
146:kinship
94:scholar
1107:part 2
1103:part 1
1062:
1033:Mahram
1008:Family
979:incest
954:Taboos
924:"Crow"
897:incest
848:cousin
342:Lineal
213:Moiety
173:Family
139:on the
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1039:Notes
971:taboo
961:, in
900:taboo
846:is a
590:Mosuo
492:Omaha
253:Dowry
101:JSTOR
87:books
1105:and
1060:ISBN
946:and
926:and
871:Role
838:, a
487:Crow
303:Milk
288:Clan
73:news
1109:at
1082:",
1078:, "
867:).
842:or
834:in
56:by
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802:v
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117:(
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108:(
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20:)
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