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582:, or covering. The bright red exposed gills are often found closed against the body in cool, highly oxygenated water. In warmer, poorly oxygenated water, the gills expand to increase water circulation and provide greater surface area for oxygen intake. Necturus salamanders such as "mudpuppies" also absorb oxygen through their skin and by occasionally breathing air at the surface.
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595:, commonly called "mudpuppies" or "waterdogs", prefer shallow lakes and streams that have slow moving water and rocks to hide under, but have been found in up to 90 feet of water. Their name originates from the misconception that they make a dog-like barking sound. Diet consists of small fish and many
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Other distinguishing features of proteid salamanders, as compared with other salamanders, are the absence of eyelids and a lack of maxillary bones in the upper jaw. They show a degree of parental care, tending to the eggs after attaching them to submerged stones and logs. Proteid salamanders range in
622:
Even though they eat fish eggs, negative effects on fish populations have not been documented. Fishermen have been known to catch mudpuppies, sometimes in large numbers, but most often when ice fishing. Necturus salamanders also commonly feed on mollusks, worms, insects and small fish.
120:
578:. Despite having lungs, which appear to provide little use in respiration, mudpuppies spend their entire lives underwater. The adult gills resemble fish gills in many ways, but differ from fish gills in that they are external and lack any form of
630:, note that larval mudpuppies have distinct longitudinal banding and four toes on their hind legs, the combination of which is not found in most larval salamanders within the same range. The main difference between a mudpuppy and a
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is that, whereas mudpuppies have both front and hind legs, a siren will only have one pair of very small, atrophied front legs.
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275:(commonly known as waterdogs or mudpuppies) runs from southern central Canada, through the midwestern United States, east to
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Petranka, J.W. (1998). Salamanders of the United States and Canada. Smithsonian
Institution Press
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Reigle, R.J. Jr. (1967). "The occurrence of
Necturus in the deeper waters of Green Bay".
341:. A number of extinct genera are known extending back to the end of the Late Cretaceous.
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611:. Mudpuppies mature at four to six years and can live to be more than twenty years old.
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Lanza, B.; Vanni, S. & Nistri, A. (1998). Cogger, H.G. & Zweifel, R.G. (eds.).
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295:. The fossil record of the family extends into the end of the Late Cretaceous, with
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size from 28 centimetres (11 in) to 40 centimetres (16 in) in length.
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during maturation from larvae. This aspect of their physiology is known as
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is common for mudpuppies, enabling them to reach sexual maturity in their
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30:"Proteid" redirects here. For the group of organic compounds, see
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Harris, J.P. Jr. (1959). "The natural history of
Necturus: II".
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665:. Animals.nationalgeographic.com. Retrieved on 2013-01-02.
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To distinguish between a larval mudpuppy and other larval
826:"Mudpuppy VS Axolotl {Unbiased Comparison in Detail}"
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739:. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 70–71.
663:Mudpuppies, Mudpuppy Pictures, Mudpuppy Facts
8:
269:and North America. The range of the genus
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686:"A Review of the fossil Caudata of Europe"
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38:
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693:Abhandlungen und Berichte für Naturkunde
406:), sometimes considered a full species,
737:Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians
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1362:Extant Maastrichtian first appearances
287:, the only extant member of the genus
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555:(Pliocene to Middle Pleistocene)
140:
824:Wayne, Josh (August 20, 2023).
313:Proteidae, is divided into two
1357:Taxa named by John Edward Gray
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570:, proteids never lose their
468:(became extinct during the
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787:Eycleshymer, A.C. (1906).
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279:and south to Georgia and
231:
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137:Scientific classification
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126:
117:
41:
892:Tree of Life: Proteidae
797:The American Naturalist
261:is a group of aquatic
1291:Paleobiology Database
887:at Wikimedia Commons
589:Members of the genus
543:Mioproteus caucasicus
413:Apalachicola waterdog
301:being known from the
1187:Fauna Europaea (new)
930:families by suborder
715:Field and Laboratory
566:In contrast to many
380:Neuse River waterdog
291:, is limited to the
283:. The range of the
48:Maastrichtian–Recent
27:Family of amphibians
404:N. m. louisianensis
265:found today in the
1352:Amphibian families
791:Necturus maculosus
489:(Miocene, Germany)
400:Red River mudpuppy
305:of North America.
129:Necturus maculosus
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1328:
1278:Open Tree of Life
1075:Taxon identifiers
1066:
1065:
975:Cryptobranchoidea
883:Media related to
684:Rocek, Z (1994).
527:(Miocene species)
508:(Miocene species)
423:Escambia waterdog
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408:N. louisianensis
370:Western waterdog
360:Alabama waterdog
333:with one extant
267:Balkan Peninsula
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562:Life history
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516:Paranecturus
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480:Euronecturus
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18:Paranecturus
1213:iNaturalist
1107:Wikispecies
1020:Amphiumidae
957:Superclass
835:January 17,
721:(2): 71–77.
628:salamanders
568:salamanders
524:P. garbanii
470:Pleistocene
457:P. anguinus
281:Mississippi
263:salamanders
1336:Categories
1050:Sirenoidea
988:Hynobiidae
951:Subphylum
855:1588343081
650:References
613:Progenesis
535:Mioproteus
497:Orthophyia
323:with five
200:Suborder:
1342:Proteidae
1127:Proteidae
1113:Proteidae
1083:Proteidae
1058:Sirenidae
1030:Proteidae
959:Tetrapoda
885:Proteidae
875:Proteidae
580:operculum
427:N. mounti
417:N. moleri
384:N. lewisi
374:N. beyeri
346:Proteidae
259:Proteidae
214:Proteidae
160:Kingdom:
154:Eukaryota
42:Proteidae
1092:Wikidata
965:Amphibia
953:Craniata
947:Chordata
941:Animalia
939:Kingdom
699:: 51–56.
638:See also
601:crayfish
592:Necturus
552:M. wezei
505:O. longa
487:E. grogu
354:Necturus
335:European
320:Necturus
317:genera,
309:Taxonomy
272:Necturus
236:Necturus
210:Family:
184:Amphibia
174:Chordata
170:Phylum:
164:Animalia
150:Domain:
1319:1382161
1306:4781664
1098:Q743692
945:Phylum
928:Caudate
774:3890863
644:Axolotl
619:stage.
532:Genus †
513:Genus †
494:Genus †
477:Genus †
447:Proteus
344:Family
330:Proteus
289:Proteus
244:Proteus
227:Genera
194:Urodela
190:Order:
180:Class:
32:Protein
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1270:166053
1244:173623
1231:103656
1140:142726
963:Class
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617:larval
607:, and
605:snails
444:Genus
351:Genus
315:extant
256:family
221:, 1825
1314:WoRMS
1296:37354
1226:IRMNG
1218:27675
1179:15531
770:JSTOR
689:(PDF)
632:siren
609:worms
572:gills
1265:NCBI
1239:ITIS
1205:6749
1200:GBIF
1166:7525
1135:BOLD
851:ISBN
837:2024
741:ISBN
254:The
219:Gray
53:PreꞒ
1252:NBN
1161:EoL
1153:F4L
1148:CoL
1122:ASW
805:doi
453:Olm
339:olm
285:olm
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73:D
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63:O
58:Ꞓ
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
