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Grammatical particle

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2606:
is used when describing personal names, month names, and nouns used to describe a collaborative group of people participating in something together. It also can be used when a verb does not directly precede a pronoun to describe said pronouns. Its use for pronouns is optional but mostly in this way.
1668:
is used to mark the topic in the sentence which is often not the same the subject of a sentence. It indicates either presuppositionally shared information or shift in thematic orientation. It has a rather flexible position in a sentence; it always goes after the topic of the sentence, even if that
63:(functor) associated with another word or phrase in order to impart meaning. Although a particle may have an intrinsic meaning and may fit into other grammatical categories, the fundamental idea of the particle is to add context to the sentence, expressing a mood or indicating a specific action. 1228:) can have multiple positions in the same sentence while still conveying the same meaning. By default, it comes before the main verb of the sentence (or after the verb to emphasise). Usually, it doesn't appear at the end of a sentence and also at the beginning if the sentence starts with a noun. 66:
In English, for example, the phrase "oh well" has no purpose in speech other than to convey a mood. The word "up" would be a particle in the phrase "look up" (as in "look up this topic"), implying that one researches something rather than that one literally gazes skywards. Many languages use
858:
is a particle, with the sentence perhaps best translated as "What good German he speaks!" These particles are common in speech but rarely found in written language, except that which has a spoken quality (such as online messaging).
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particles in varying amounts and for varying reasons. In Hindi, they may be used as honorifics, or to indicate emphasis or negation. In some languages, they are clearly defined; for example, in Chinese, there are three types of
2724:
In some sources, exclamations and conjunctions are also considered Turkish particles. In this article, exclamations and conjunctions will not be dealt with, but only Turkish particles. The main particles used in Turkish are:
1783:
can come at the beginning or the end of a sentence as its default position but can also appear in between the sentence if it cannot also be interpreted as its non-particle meaning of "what" at a mid position in the sentence.
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which are usually used to emphasise or accent other words. Generally there are lot of different particles in Russian of many kinds. Some of them are complex, consisting of other particles, others are as simple as one letter
2049:
The case marking particles require the noun to be declined to be in their oblique case forms. However, these markers themselves (except for one) can inflect and change forms depending on the gender of the noun they modify.
871:: emphatic particles, limiter particles, negation particles, affirmative particles, honorific particles, topic-marker particle and case-marking particles. Some common particles of Hindi are mentioned in the table below: 3005:
Particles can be used with the simple form of the names to which they are attached or in other cases. Some of particles uses with attached form, and some particles are always used after the relevant form. For examples,
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defines a particle as a "word that does not change its form through inflection and does not fit easily into the established system of parts of speech". The term includes the "adverbial particles" like
145:
that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning, i.e., it does not have its own lexical definition. According to this definition, particles are a separate
2576:
signals the past imperfect tense, the object of a transitive verb or the subject of a sentence formed with "neuter verbs" (a form of passive verb), as well as the prepositions
169:. Languages vary widely in how much they use particles, some using them extensively and others more commonly using alternative devices such as prefixes/suffixes, inflection, 3782: 3886: 3746: 3415: 1252:) have rather restricted positions in a sentence and can usually only appear around the verb in subjunctive mood or imperative form, respectively. 2691:
particles play sometimes an important role making an additional nuance for a meaning of a phrase or of a whole sentence. One example is particle
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are almost devoid of inflection, and use particles extensively to indicate mood, tense, and case. Suggs, discussing the deciphering of the
3514: 3668: 3331: 3259: 3879: 1790:
can only come at the end of a sentence and nowhere else. It conveys that the asker is in doubt or is seeking for a confirmation.
2637:
is being used in this fashion, the locative or place name must be the subject of the sentence. Another particle in Tokelauan is
3372: 4721: 806:
serves no necessary syntactical function, but expresses the speaker's attitude towards the utterance. Modal particles include
41: 2697:
which imparts conditional mood (subjunctive) to a verb it is being applied to or to a whole sentence. Another examples are
4539: 3185: 1125:) comes before a noun it modifies, and comes after a noun or verb or adverb when the meaning of "just/mere" is conveyed. 4531: 2534: 3717: 4231: 4050: 3947: 3872: 3917: 3771: 754:
is a somewhat nebulous term for a variety of small words that do not conveniently fit into other classes of words.
3739: 2570:, the vocative case, the future tense, or the subject of a sentence formed with most passive verbs. The particle 4747: 4641: 4141: 3408: 4453: 3962: 3190: 4587: 4414: 4323: 178: 3254:
McArthur, Tom: "The Oxford Companion to the English Language", pp. 72-76, Oxford University Press, 1992.
4658: 4549: 4544: 4521: 4343: 4338: 4333: 4313: 4308: 4303: 4283: 4076: 3912: 3638: 3539: 3487: 803: 726: 162: 106: 3414:. Center for Advanced Language Proficiency Education and Research – The Pennsylvania State University. 129:, which are almost devoid of inflection, use particles extensively to indicate mood, tense, and case. 4663: 4429: 4386: 4288: 4151: 4111: 3515:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221486826_F0_cues_for_the_discourse_functions_of_ha_in_Hindi
2545: 198: 174: 126: 4444: 3389: 1775: 4424: 4071: 734: 122: 4610: 4577: 4503: 4488: 4473: 4463: 4376: 4371: 4361: 4156: 4086: 4081: 3607: 3475: 3456: 3175: 2597: 2492: 730: 114: 4567: 4493: 4468: 4391: 4256: 4201: 4171: 4131: 3664: 3599: 3565:
Case markers and Morphology: Addressing the crux of the fluency problem in English-Hindi SMT:
3448: 3327: 3295: 3255: 3180: 3170: 2649:. This article is used before a person's name as well as the names of months and the particle 2557: 2522: 2506: 1933: 714: 202: 186: 154: 3637:
de Hoop, Helen; Narasimhan, Bhuvana (2005-01-01), Amberber, Mengistu; De Hoop, Helen (eds.),
725:; particles) in Chinese: Structural, Aspectual, and Modal. Structural particles are used for 27:
Typically short and indeclinable word with a grammatical function but no clear part of speech
4605: 4498: 4478: 4328: 4293: 4211: 4006: 3654: 3646: 3591: 3276: 3195: 2688: 2518: 2496: 190: 182: 4513: 4434: 4396: 4381: 4261: 4251: 4166: 4161: 4101: 3967: 3937: 3659: 3552: 3500: 2567: 2510: 2041: 1911: 786:, and sometimes "pragmatic particles" (also called "fillers" or "discourse markers") like 242: 681:
Particles in Arabic can take the form of a single root letter before a given word, like "
3864: 3625: 4695: 4653: 4615: 4517: 4246: 4236: 4226: 4121: 4116: 4096: 4091: 4020: 3895: 3650: 358: 170: 146: 52: 3527: 17: 4741: 4620: 4572: 4439: 4419: 4298: 4216: 4196: 4146: 4126: 4106: 3809: 3689: 3611: 3479: 3320: 2553: 2023: 2005: 1987: 1969: 1951: 1929: 142: 60: 3474:
Lampp, Claire M. (2006). "Negation in modern Hindi-Urdu: the development of nahII".
3361: 4709: 4683: 4673: 4646: 4508: 4241: 4206: 4181: 4136: 3957: 1655: 767: 3528:"The discourse particle to and word ordering in Hindi: From grammar to discourse" 4366: 4176: 4055: 4016: 3981: 3972: 3566: 1907: 770:) such as "look up" or "knock out"; it also includes the "infinitival particle" 158: 3595: 3096:
Yardım istemekten başka çaremiz kalmadı. We have no choice but to ask for help.
4726: 4625: 4582: 4559: 4483: 4318: 4221: 4191: 4186: 4040: 4035: 3942: 3932: 3922: 2549: 214: 150: 56: 3603: 3579: 3452: 4716: 4678: 4458: 4275: 4030: 3976: 3952: 3713: 2655:
is used before pronouns when these instances are following the prepositions
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cannot be used if the noun it is describing follows any of the prepositions
226: 2537:. There are sentence-tagging particles such as Japanese question markers. 4705: 4700: 3645:, Perspectives on Cognitive Science, Oxford: Elsevier, pp. 321–345, 477: 3460: 3436: 4690: 4406: 4011: 3927: 166: 31: 4668: 4353: 4045: 4025: 2530: 2526: 194: 3513:
Kalika Bali, "F0 cues for the discourse functions of "hã" in Hindi"
2625:. A couple of the other ways unrelated to what is listed above that 297: 3393: 3120:
Duyduğuma göre bitirme sınavları bir hafta erken gerçekleşecekmiş.
868: 3437:"ON DISTRIBUTION AND SENSES OF THE EMPHATIC PARTICLE hI IN HINDI" 3113:Çok çalışmama rağmen sınavda hedeflediğim başarıyı yakalayamadım. 3991: 3904: 2631:
is used is when preceding a locative or place name. However, if
2514: 439: 405: 3868: 3858:. New Zealand: Office of Tokelau Affairs. p. Introduction. 972:) can roughly be translated as "also", "too", "can't even" etc 557: 502: 2525:
in a sentence or clause. Linguistic analyses describe them as
3350:, Cambridge University Press, 2nd edition (2003), p. 156-164. 1568:
It comes after a noun and gives the noun an honorific value.
812:
and others. Some of these also appear in non-particle forms.
3083:
used for 'other, another, otherwise, new, diverse, either'.
420: 959:) can roughly be translated as "only", "just", "alone" etc 705:" (which marks a question) can be complete words as well. 632: 608: 553: 498: 416: 293: 173:
and word order. Particles are typically words that encode
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Negation in modern Hindi-Urdu: the development of nahII:
3127:Şirketteki son değişikliklere dâir bilgi almak istiyorum. 636: 612: 1570:
Compare with the honorific particles in Japanese, e.g.
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https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/downloads/g158bh795?locale=en
598:: These two particles are found in constructions like 3740:"Paul H. Portner – Paul Portner's academic homepage" 3322:
The Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language
3313: 3311: 756:
The Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language
737:. Note that particles are different from zhùdòngcí ( 4634: 4596: 4558: 4530: 4405: 4352: 4274: 4064: 3999: 3990: 3903: 2460: 2429: 2398: 2367: 2328: 2293: 2247: 2215: 2196: 2177: 2158: 2139: 2115: 2091: 2072: 2035: 2017: 1999: 1981: 1963: 1945: 1923: 1901: 1866: 1835: 1805: 1764: 1750: 1711: 1684: 1616: 1558: 1515: 1486: 1454: 1426: 1403: 1389: 1375: 1361: 1324: 1295: 1266: 1247: 1235: 1223: 1207: 1193: 1179: 1140: 1120: 1104: 1090: 1051: 1017: 987: 967: 954: 938: 924: 910: 3808: 3319: 867:There are different types of particles present in 842:is a conjunction connecting two sentences. But in 3639:"Chapter 12 - Differential Case-Marking in Hindi" 3441:Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute 3318:McArthur, Thomas Burns; McArthur, Roshan (2005). 3151:Bu raporu bitirebilmek için zamana ihtiyacım var. 3138:used for 'for, with, because, because of, how'. 3077:Turkish particles according to their functions. 2673:is a particle used if following the preposition 3089:Senden gayrı kimsem yok. No one other than you. 2674: 2668: 2662: 2656: 2650: 2644: 2638: 2632: 2626: 2620: 2614: 2608: 2601: 1593: 1578: 593: 587: 471: 465: 459: 453: 367: 361: 352: 337: 328: 233: 3643:Competition and Variation in Natural Languages 3362:"German modal particles and the common ground" 3144:Açılış konuşmasını yapmak üzere kürsüye çıktı. 3107:used for 'by, in comparison, about, despite'. 1587: 1572: 1067:I'll (instantly) go and (instantly) come back. 68: 3880: 3567:https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P09-1090.pdf 3230: 3215: 3156: 3149: 3142: 3133: 3125: 3118: 3111: 3102: 3094: 3087: 3078: 3064: 3052: 3044: 3034: 3025: 3019: 3013: 3007: 2994: 2986: 2978: 2970: 2962: 2954: 2946: 2938: 2930: 2922: 2914: 2902: 2894: 2886: 2878: 2870: 2862: 2854: 2846: 2838: 2830: 2822: 2810: 2802: 2794: 2786: 2778: 2770: 2762: 2754: 2746: 2738: 2731: 2711: 2704: 2698: 2692: 738: 720: 74: 8: 3714:"All About the Japanese Particles Wa and Ga" 3578:Bhatt, Rajesh; Dayal, Veneeta (2020-01-31). 853: 843: 837: 823: 813: 807: 700: 694: 688: 682: 3369:Helikon. A Multidisciplinary Online Journal 2571: 2561: 2450: 2419: 2388: 2357: 2314: 2283: 2229: 2209: 2190: 2171: 2152: 2133: 2109: 2085: 2066: 2029: 2011: 1993: 1975: 1957: 1939: 1917: 1895: 1856: 1825: 1795: 1785: 1778: 1758: 1744: 1701: 1674: 1663: 1649: 1606: 1552: 1505: 1477: 1445: 1417: 1397: 1383: 1369: 1355: 1315: 1286: 1257: 1241: 1229: 1217: 1201: 1187: 1173: 1130: 1114: 1098: 1084: 1037: 1008: 977: 961: 948: 932: 918: 904: 336:is analysed as an adverb, while the second 3996: 3887: 3873: 3865: 3580:"Polar question particles: Hindi-Urdu kya" 3294:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 79. 2051: 873: 3658: 699:" ('to'). However, other particles like " 3584:Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 3828:He Whakamarama: A Short Course in Maori 3247: 3207: 818:, for example, is also the conjunction 357:: Infinitive verbs are preceded by the 3548: 3537: 3496: 3485: 3135:İçin, üzere, dolayı, ötürü, nâşi, diye 2556:, describes them as all-important. In 3849: 3847: 3845: 3843: 3841: 3839: 3837: 3811:The Island Civilizations of Polynesia 3326:. Oxford University Press. Particle. 3158:Kardeşim hastalığından nâşi gelemedi. 7: 3430: 3428: 2560:for example, the versatile particle 701: 695: 689: 683: 3407:Vyatkina, Nina; Johnson, Karen E. 3390:"Modal Particles: schon, ja, halt" 3271:Wightwick, Jane; Gaafar, Mahmoud. 51:) has a traditional meaning, as a 25: 3788:from the original on 24 July 2010 2505:is often used in descriptions of 2026:marker" "up to, until, as far as" 1769:) — "doubt / confirmatory marker" 809:ja, halt, doch, aber, denn, schon 3651:10.1016/B978-008044651-6/50015-X 3421:from the original on 2019-07-01. 3378:from the original on 2013-03-18. 1878:we do this? / we are doing this? 1669:topic contains other particles. 719:There are three types of zhùcí ( 225:Some commonly used particles in 3752:from the original on 2009-03-06 3720:from the original on 2009-03-03 929:) — Inclusive Emphatic Particle 915:) — Exclusive Emphatic Particle 3660:11858/00-001M-0000-0013-1748-5 2513:, where they are used to mark 1: 3292:A Glossary of English Grammar 3186:Proto-Indo-European particles 1847:It should be done like this, 778:, the "imperative particles" 729:. Aspectual particles signal 366:and the infinitival particle 59:, and a modern meaning, as a 2044:marker" "like, -ish, -esque" 1563:) — "honour giving particle" 943:) — Manner Emphatic Particle 149:and are distinct from other 3104:Göre, nazaran, dâir, rağmen 2461: 2430: 2399: 2368: 2329: 2294: 2248: 2216: 2197: 2178: 2159: 2140: 2116: 2092: 2073: 2036: 2018: 2000: 1982: 1964: 1946: 1924: 1902: 1867: 1836: 1806: 1765: 1751: 1712: 1685: 1617: 1594: 1579: 1559: 1516: 1487: 1455: 1427: 1404: 1390: 1376: 1362: 1325: 1296: 1267: 1248: 1236: 1224: 1208: 1194: 1180: 1141: 1121: 1105: 1091: 1052: 1018: 988: 968: 955: 939: 925: 911: 743:; modal verbs) in Chinese. 213:, etc. Particles are never 153:of function words, such as 69: 4764: 4722:Syntax–semantics interface 3729:List of Japanese particles 3596:10.1007/s11049-020-09464-0 2490: 774:, the "negative particle" 733:. Modal particles express 712: 448:'You must remember to eat' 3435:PARGHI, KHUSHBOO (2016). 2712: 2705: 2699: 2693: 2451: 2420: 2389: 2358: 2315: 2284: 2230: 2210: 2191: 2172: 2153: 2134: 2110: 2108: 2086: 2084: 2067: 2030: 2012: 1994: 1976: 1958: 1940: 1918: 1896: 1857: 1826: 1796: 1786: 1779: 1759: 1745: 1702: 1675: 1664: 1650: 1607: 1588: 1573: 1553: 1506: 1478: 1446: 1418: 1398: 1384: 1370: 1356: 1316: 1287: 1258: 1242: 1230: 1218: 1202: 1188: 1174: 1131: 1115: 1099: 1085: 1038: 1009: 978: 962: 949: 933: 919: 905: 887: 876: 739: 721: 75: 4142:Exceptional case-marking 3815:. New American Library. 3807:Suggs, Robert C (1960). 3761:List of Korean particles 3409:"German Modal Particles" 3290:Leech, Geoffrey (2006). 3058:bu ödevi bitirmem lazım. 1198:) — Subjunctive Negation 836:he speaks German well," 435:Jy moet onthou om te eet 3854:Simona, Ropati (1986). 3772:"conf.ling.cornell.edu" 3526:Montaut, Annie (2015). 3191:Sentence-final particle 3070:çok çalışman gerekiyor. 2675: 2669: 2663: 2657: 2651: 2645: 2639: 2633: 2627: 2621: 2615: 2609: 2602: 1727:good but not that much. 1212:) — Imperative Negation 1184:) — Indicative Negation 345:as a negation particle. 105:particles are used for 3948:Initial-stress-derived 3547:Cite journal requires 3495:Cite journal requires 3360:Bross, Fabian (2012). 3231: 3216: 3157: 3150: 3143: 3134: 3126: 3119: 3112: 3103: 3095: 3088: 3079: 3065: 3053: 3045: 3035: 3026: 3020: 3014: 3008: 2995: 2987: 2979: 2971: 2963: 2955: 2947: 2939: 2931: 2923: 2915: 2903: 2895: 2887: 2879: 2871: 2863: 2855: 2847: 2839: 2831: 2823: 2811: 2803: 2795: 2787: 2779: 2771: 2763: 2755: 2747: 2739: 2732: 2572: 2562: 1511: ! किया है मैंने। 854: 844: 838: 829:er spricht gut Deutsch 824: 814: 808: 651: 643: 627: 619: 603: 594: 588: 564: 548: 540: 532: 509: 493: 485: 472: 466: 460: 454: 427: 411: 401: 393: 385: 377: 368: 362: 353: 338: 329: 285: 277: 266: 258: 250: 243:double negation system 234: 175:grammatical categories 18:Particle (linguistics) 4459:Inclusive / Exclusive 2907:, although or despite 1990:marker" "in / inside" 1755:) — "question marker" 804:German modal particle 727:grammatical relations 659:so groot soos 'n huis 137:In modern grammar, a 107:grammatical relations 2546:Polynesian languages 2541:Polynesian languages 1837:aisā karnā hota hai 1306:It'll be good if it 127:Polynesian languages 4339:Relative subsective 4232:Regular / Irregular 4077:Andative / Venitive 3913:Abstract / Concrete 3036:Bu çiçekleri annem 2517:according to their 2487:Japanese and Korean 1380:) — "honorific yes" 832:, "He is American, 825:Er ist Amerikaner, 735:linguistic modality 731:grammatical aspects 672:'as big as a house' 123:linguistic modality 115:grammatical aspects 3898:and their features 3896:Lexical categories 3856:Tokelau Dictionary 3273:Mastering Arabic 1 3181:Okinawan particles 3176:Nobiliary particle 3080:Başka, gayrı, özge 2493:Japanese particles 1717:ho par utnī nahī̃. 1521:! kiyā hai ma͠ine. 1408:) — "emphatic yes" 1394:) — "emphatic yes" 766:in verbal idioms ( 572:die boek van Peter 438:You must remember 320:'She is not tired' 241:: Afrikaans has a 121:particles express 4735: 4734: 4540:Casally modulated 4445:Formal / Informal 4334:Pure intersective 4284:Anti-intersective 4270: 4269: 4217:Preterite-present 3534:. Benjamins: 263. 3301:978-0-7486-1729-6 3217:ama, fakat, lakin 3171:Ilocano particles 2523:thematic relation 2484: 2483: 2224: 2223: 2008:marker" "on / at" 1827:ऐसा करना होता है 1535:! I have done it. 1440:, I (will) do it. 1300:aisā to acchā ho. 715:Chinese particles 314:She is not tired 203:discourse markers 113:particles signal 16:(Redirected from 4755: 4314:Non-intersective 3997: 3889: 3882: 3875: 3866: 3860: 3859: 3851: 3832: 3831: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3804: 3798: 3797: 3795: 3793: 3787: 3776: 3768: 3762: 3760: 3758: 3757: 3751: 3744: 3736: 3730: 3728: 3726: 3725: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3701: 3700: 3686: 3680: 3679: 3678: 3677: 3662: 3634: 3628: 3622: 3616: 3615: 3590:(4): 1115–1144. 3575: 3569: 3563: 3557: 3556: 3550: 3545: 3543: 3535: 3523: 3517: 3511: 3505: 3504: 3498: 3493: 3491: 3483: 3471: 3465: 3464: 3432: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3413: 3404: 3398: 3397: 3386: 3380: 3379: 3377: 3366: 3357: 3351: 3346:Martin Durrell, 3344: 3338: 3337: 3325: 3315: 3306: 3305: 3287: 3281: 3280: 3277:Hippocrene Books 3268: 3262: 3252: 3236: 3234: 3227: 3221: 3219: 3212: 3196:Uninflected word 3160: 3153: 3146: 3137: 3129: 3122: 3115: 3106: 3098: 3091: 3082: 3072: 3060: 3048: 3042: 3029: 3023: 3017: 3011: 2998: 2990: 2982: 2974: 2966: 2958: 2950: 2942: 2934: 2926: 2918: 2906: 2898: 2890: 2882: 2874: 2866: 2858: 2850: 2842: 2834: 2826: 2814: 2806: 2798: 2790: 2782: 2774: 2766: 2758: 2750: 2742: 2735: 2715: 2714: 2708: 2707: 2702: 2701: 2696: 2695: 2678: 2672: 2666: 2660: 2654: 2648: 2642: 2636: 2630: 2624: 2618: 2612: 2605: 2575: 2565: 2519:grammatical case 2497:Korean particles 2468: 2458: 2457: 2437: 2427: 2426: 2406: 2396: 2395: 2375: 2365: 2364: 2340: 2334:se nikālo aur is 2326: 2325: 2301: 2291: 2290: 2263: 2245: 2244: 2219: 2213: 2212: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2181: 2175: 2174: 2162: 2156: 2155: 2143: 2137: 2136: 2119: 2113: 2112: 2095: 2089: 2088: 2076: 2070: 2069: 2052: 2039: 2033: 2032: 2021: 2015: 2014: 2003: 1997: 1996: 1985: 1979: 1978: 1967: 1961: 1960: 1949: 1943: 1942: 1927: 1921: 1920: 1905: 1899: 1898: 1874: 1864: 1863: 1843: 1833: 1832: 1813: 1803: 1802: 1789: 1788: 1782: 1781: 1768: 1762: 1761: 1754: 1748: 1747: 1736:Question Marker 1719: 1709: 1708: 1707:हो पर उतनी नहीं। 1692: 1682: 1681: 1667: 1666: 1653: 1652: 1624: 1614: 1613: 1599: 1597: 1591: 1590: 1584: 1582: 1576: 1575: 1562: 1556: 1555: 1523: 1513: 1512: 1493: 1484: 1483: 1461: 1452: 1451: 1433: 1424: 1423: 1407: 1401: 1400: 1393: 1387: 1386: 1379: 1373: 1372: 1365: 1359: 1358: 1331: 1322: 1321: 1302: 1293: 1292: 1291:ऐसा तो अच्छा हो। 1273: 1264: 1263: 1251: 1245: 1244: 1239: 1233: 1232: 1227: 1221: 1220: 1211: 1205: 1204: 1197: 1191: 1190: 1183: 1177: 1176: 1148: 1138: 1137: 1124: 1118: 1117: 1108: 1102: 1101: 1094: 1088: 1087: 1063: 1049: 1048: 1024: 1015: 1014: 995: 985: 984: 971: 965: 964: 958: 952: 951: 942: 936: 935: 928: 922: 921: 914: 908: 907: 877:Hindi particles 874: 857: 851: 841: 831: 817: 811: 742: 741: 724: 723: 704: 703: 698: 697: 692: 691: 686: 685: 638: 634: 614: 610: 597: 591: 559: 555: 504: 500: 475: 469: 463: 457: 441: 422: 418: 407: 371: 365: 356: 341: 332: 299: 295: 237: 88: 85: 82: 78: 77: 72: 49: 48: 21: 4763: 4762: 4758: 4757: 4756: 4754: 4753: 4752: 4748:Parts of speech 4738: 4737: 4736: 4731: 4630: 4592: 4554: 4526: 4454:Gender-specific 4401: 4348: 4266: 4152:Germanic strong 4060: 3986: 3899: 3893: 3863: 3853: 3852: 3835: 3825: 3824: 3820: 3806: 3805: 3801: 3791: 3789: 3785: 3774: 3770: 3769: 3765: 3755: 3753: 3749: 3742: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3723: 3721: 3712: 3711: 3707: 3698: 3696: 3690:"CASE IN HINDI" 3688: 3687: 3683: 3675: 3673: 3671: 3636: 3635: 3631: 3623: 3619: 3577: 3576: 3572: 3564: 3560: 3546: 3536: 3525: 3524: 3520: 3512: 3508: 3494: 3484: 3473: 3472: 3468: 3434: 3433: 3426: 3418: 3411: 3406: 3405: 3401: 3388: 3387: 3383: 3375: 3364: 3359: 3358: 3354: 3345: 3341: 3334: 3317: 3316: 3309: 3302: 3289: 3288: 3284: 3270: 3269: 3265: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3240: 3239: 3228: 3224: 3213: 3209: 3204: 3167: 3003: 3002: 2919:, corresponding 2910: 2818: 2722: 2685: 2643:, or sometimes 2594: 2568:imperative mood 2566:can signal the 2543: 2499: 2489: 1932:marker" & " 1910:marker" & " 1776:question-marker 1586: 1571: 1500:, I will do it. 960: 865: 800: 749: 717: 711: 679: 674: 657: 649: 641: 625: 617: 584: 570: 562: 546: 538: 529: 515: 507: 491: 480:particles, e.g. 450: 433: 425: 409: 399: 391: 383: 344: 335: 322: 311: 307: 302: 289: 283: 275: 270: 264: 256: 240: 223: 171:auxiliary verbs 135: 86: 83: 80: 55:that cannot be 46: 45: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4761: 4759: 4751: 4750: 4740: 4739: 4733: 4732: 4730: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4713: 4712: 4698: 4696:Procedure word 4693: 4688: 4687: 4686: 4681: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4654:Complementizer 4651: 4650: 4649: 4638: 4636: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4628: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4602: 4600: 4594: 4593: 4591: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4564: 4562: 4556: 4555: 4553: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4536: 4534: 4528: 4527: 4525: 4524: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4450:Gender-neutral 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4415:Bound variable 4411: 4409: 4403: 4402: 4400: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4358: 4356: 4350: 4349: 4347: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4280: 4278: 4272: 4271: 4268: 4267: 4265: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4094: 4089: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4072:Ambitransitive 4068: 4066: 4062: 4061: 4059: 4058: 4053: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4023: 4014: 4009: 4003: 4001: 3994: 3988: 3987: 3985: 3984: 3979: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3909: 3907: 3901: 3900: 3894: 3892: 3891: 3884: 3877: 3869: 3862: 3861: 3833: 3826:Foster, John. 3818: 3799: 3763: 3731: 3705: 3681: 3669: 3629: 3617: 3570: 3558: 3549:|journal= 3518: 3506: 3497:|journal= 3466: 3424: 3399: 3381: 3352: 3339: 3332: 3307: 3300: 3282: 3263: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3238: 3237: 3222: 3206: 3205: 3203: 3200: 3199: 3198: 3193: 3188: 3183: 3178: 3173: 3166: 3163: 3162: 3161: 3154: 3147: 3131: 3130: 3123: 3116: 3100: 3099: 3092: 3075: 3074: 3066:Düşük notların 3062: 3050: 3049:is nominative) 3001: 3000: 2992: 2984: 2976: 2968: 2960: 2952: 2944: 2936: 2928: 2920: 2911: 2909: 2908: 2900: 2892: 2884: 2876: 2868: 2860: 2852: 2844: 2836: 2828: 2819: 2817: 2816: 2808: 2800: 2792: 2784: 2776: 2768: 2760: 2752: 2744: 2736: 2728: 2727: 2721: 2718: 2684: 2681: 2593: 2590: 2542: 2539: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2481: 2480: 2479: 2478: 2477: 2448: 2447: 2446: 2417: 2416: 2415: 2386: 2385: 2384: 2355: 2354: 2353: 2312: 2311: 2310: 2281: 2280: 2279: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2207: 2203: 2202: 2188: 2184: 2183: 2169: 2165: 2164: 2150: 2146: 2145: 2131: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2121: 2107: 2103: 2102: 2098: 2097: 2083: 2079: 2078: 2064: 2060: 2059: 2056: 2047: 2046: 2045: 2027: 2009: 1991: 1973: 1955: 1937: 1915: 1891: 1884: 1883: 1882: 1881: 1880: 1879: 1854: 1853: 1852: 1823: 1822: 1821: 1791: 1772: 1771: 1770: 1756: 1740: 1733: 1732: 1731: 1730: 1729: 1728: 1699: 1698: 1697: 1696:Neha is good. 1670: 1661: 1660: 1659: 1645: 1638: 1637: 1636: 1635: 1634: 1633: 1602: 1566: 1565: 1564: 1548: 1541: 1540: 1539: 1538: 1537: 1536: 1529:I already said 1503: 1502: 1501: 1475: 1474: 1473: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1413: 1411: 1410: 1409: 1395: 1381: 1367: 1351: 1344: 1343: 1342: 1341: 1340: 1339: 1313: 1312: 1311: 1284: 1283: 1282: 1253: 1215: 1214: 1213: 1199: 1185: 1169: 1162: 1161: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1157: 1126: 1112: 1111: 1110: 1109:) — mere, only 1096: 1080: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1006: 1005: 1004: 973: 946: 945: 944: 930: 916: 900: 893: 892: 889: 886: 883: 879: 878: 864: 861: 799: 796: 748: 745: 710: 707: 693:" ('so') and " 678: 675: 650: 642: 626: 618: 602: 601: 600: 599: 582:'Peter's book' 563: 547: 539: 531: 530: 527:'Peter's book' 508: 492: 484: 483: 482: 481: 426: 410: 400: 392: 384: 376: 375: 374: 373: 359:complementiser 349: 348: 347: 346: 342: 333: 309: 305: 287: 284: 276: 268: 265: 257: 249: 248: 247: 246: 238: 222: 219: 147:part of speech 134: 133:Modern meaning 131: 53:part of speech 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4760: 4749: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4711: 4707: 4704: 4703: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4692: 4689: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4676: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4648: 4645: 4644: 4643: 4640: 4639: 4637: 4633: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4611:Interrogative 4609: 4607: 4604: 4603: 4601: 4599: 4595: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4578:Interrogative 4576: 4574: 4573:Demonstrative 4571: 4569: 4566: 4565: 4563: 4561: 4557: 4551: 4548: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4537: 4535: 4533: 4529: 4523: 4522:Prepositional 4519: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4509:Strong / Weak 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4485: 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4474:Interrogative 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4420:Demonstrative 4418: 4416: 4413: 4412: 4410: 4408: 4404: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4387:Prepositional 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4377:Interrogative 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4355: 4351: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4299:Demonstrative 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4281: 4279: 4277: 4273: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4157:Germanic weak 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4147:Frequentative 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4087:Autocausative 4085: 4083: 4082:Anticausative 4080: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4070: 4069: 4067: 4063: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4051:Transgressive 4049: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4018: 4015: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4005: 4004: 4002: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3989: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3910: 3908: 3906: 3902: 3897: 3890: 3885: 3883: 3878: 3876: 3871: 3870: 3867: 3857: 3850: 3848: 3846: 3844: 3842: 3840: 3838: 3834: 3829: 3822: 3819: 3813: 3812: 3803: 3800: 3784: 3780: 3773: 3767: 3764: 3748: 3741: 3735: 3732: 3719: 3715: 3709: 3706: 3695: 3691: 3685: 3682: 3672: 3670:9780080446516 3666: 3661: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3633: 3630: 3627: 3621: 3618: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3574: 3571: 3568: 3562: 3559: 3554: 3541: 3533: 3529: 3522: 3519: 3516: 3510: 3507: 3502: 3489: 3481: 3477: 3470: 3467: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3431: 3429: 3425: 3417: 3410: 3403: 3400: 3395: 3391: 3385: 3382: 3374: 3370: 3363: 3356: 3353: 3349: 3343: 3340: 3335: 3333:9780192806376 3329: 3324: 3323: 3314: 3312: 3308: 3303: 3297: 3293: 3286: 3283: 3278: 3274: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3260:0-19-214183-X 3257: 3251: 3248: 3242: 3233: 3226: 3223: 3218: 3211: 3208: 3201: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3177: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3168: 3164: 3159: 3155: 3152: 3148: 3145: 3141: 3140: 3139: 3136: 3128: 3124: 3121: 3117: 3114: 3110: 3109: 3108: 3105: 3097: 3093: 3090: 3086: 3085: 3084: 3081: 3071: 3069: 3063: 3059: 3057: 3051: 3047: 3041: 3039: 3033: 3032: 3031: 3028: 3022: 3016: 3010: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2912: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2820: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2734: 2730: 2729: 2726: 2719: 2717: 2690: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2671: 2665: 2659: 2653: 2647: 2641: 2635: 2629: 2623: 2617: 2611: 2604: 2599: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2559: 2555: 2554:Easter Island 2551: 2547: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2535:postpositions 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2498: 2494: 2486: 2476:four o'clock. 2475: 2471: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2455: 2449: 2444: 2440: 2439: 2436: 2434: 2424: 2418: 2413: 2409: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2393: 2387: 2382: 2378: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2362: 2356: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2333: 2323: 2319: 2313: 2308: 2304: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2288: 2282: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2266: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2228: 2227: 2226: 2218: 2208: 2205: 2204: 2199: 2189: 2186: 2185: 2180: 2170: 2167: 2166: 2161: 2151: 2148: 2147: 2142: 2132: 2129: 2128: 2124: 2123: 2118: 2106:instrumental 2105: 2104: 2100: 2099: 2094: 2081: 2080: 2075: 2065: 2062: 2061: 2057: 2054: 2053: 2048: 2043: 2038: 2028: 2025: 2020: 2010: 2007: 2002: 1992: 1989: 1984: 1974: 1971: 1966: 1956: 1953: 1948: 1938: 1935: 1931: 1926: 1916: 1913: 1909: 1904: 1894: 1893: 1892: 1890: 1886: 1885: 1877: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1861: 1855: 1850: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1830: 1824: 1819: 1816: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1800: 1794: 1793: 1792: 1777: 1773: 1767: 1757: 1753: 1743: 1742: 1741: 1739: 1735: 1734: 1726: 1722: 1721: 1718: 1716: 1706: 1700: 1695: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1679: 1673: 1672: 1671: 1662: 1657: 1648: 1647: 1646: 1644: 1641:Topic Marker 1640: 1639: 1631: 1627: 1626: 1623: 1621: 1611: 1605: 1604: 1603: 1601: 1596: 1581: 1567: 1561: 1551: 1550: 1549: 1547: 1543: 1542: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1510: 1504: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1492: 1490: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1467: 1464: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1436: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1421: 1416: 1415: 1414: 1412: 1406: 1396: 1392: 1382: 1378: 1368: 1364: 1354: 1353: 1352: 1350: 1346: 1345: 1337: 1334: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1320:कर यार ! 1319: 1314: 1309: 1305: 1304: 1301: 1299: 1290: 1285: 1280: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1261: 1256: 1255: 1254: 1250: 1238: 1226: 1216: 1210: 1200: 1196: 1186: 1182: 1172: 1171: 1170: 1168: 1164: 1163: 1155: 1151: 1150: 1147: 1146:hè̃ apne pās. 1145: 1136:हैं अपने पास। 1135: 1129: 1128: 1127: 1123: 1113: 1107: 1097: 1093: 1083: 1082: 1081: 1079: 1075: 1074: 1066: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1056: 1046: 1042: 1036: 1031: 1027: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1012: 1007: 1002: 998: 997: 994: 992: 982: 976: 975: 974: 970: 957: 947: 941: 931: 927: 917: 913: 903: 902: 901: 899: 895: 894: 890: 884: 881: 880: 875: 872: 870: 862: 860: 856: 850: 848: 840: 835: 830: 828: 821: 816: 810: 805: 797: 795: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 768:phrasal verbs 765: 761: 757: 753: 746: 744: 736: 732: 728: 716: 708: 706: 676: 673: 670: 668: 664: 660: 656: 653: 648: 645: 640: 639: 629: 624: 621: 616: 615: 605: 596: 590: 586: 585: 583: 580: 578: 573: 569: 566: 561: 560: 550: 545: 542: 537: 534: 528: 525: 523: 518: 517:Peter se boek 514: 511: 506: 505: 495: 490: 487: 479: 474: 468: 462: 456: 452: 451: 449: 446: 444: 436: 432: 429: 424: 423: 413: 408: 403: 398: 395: 390: 387: 382: 379: 370: 364: 360: 355: 351: 350: 340: 331: 326: 325: 324: 323: 321: 318: 317: 312: 301: 300: 290: 282: 279: 274: 271: 263: 260: 255: 252: 244: 236: 232: 231: 230: 228: 220: 218: 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 144: 143:function word 140: 132: 130: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 71: 64: 62: 61:function word 58: 54: 50: 43: 39: 38: 33: 19: 4710:Pro-sentence 4684:Onomatopoeia 4674:Interjection 4647:Measure word 4597: 4430:Distributive 4324:Postpositive 4304:Intersective 4257:Unaccusative 4202:Performative 4172:Intransitive 4132:Ditransitive 3958:Noun adjunct 3855: 3827: 3821: 3810: 3802: 3790:. Retrieved 3778: 3766: 3754:. Retrieved 3734: 3722:. Retrieved 3708: 3697:. Retrieved 3694:ResearchGate 3693: 3684: 3674:, retrieved 3642: 3632: 3620: 3587: 3583: 3573: 3561: 3540:cite journal 3531: 3521: 3509: 3488:cite journal 3469: 3444: 3440: 3402: 3384: 3368: 3355: 3348:Using German 3347: 3342: 3321: 3291: 3285: 3272: 3266: 3250: 3225: 3210: 3132: 3101: 3076: 3067: 3055: 3037: 3004: 2723: 2686: 2595: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2544: 2502: 2500: 2473: 2463: 2453: 2442: 2432: 2422: 2411: 2401: 2391: 2380: 2370: 2360: 2349: 2345: 2344:Take it out 2335: 2331: 2321: 2320:निकालो और इस 2317: 2306: 2296: 2286: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2187:terminative 1934:instrumental 1888: 1887:Case Marker 1869: 1859: 1848: 1838: 1828: 1817: 1808: 1807:vo gātā hai 1798: 1737: 1724: 1714: 1704: 1687: 1677: 1656:topic marker 1642: 1629: 1619: 1609: 1569: 1545: 1532: 1528: 1518: 1508: 1497: 1488: 1479: 1469: 1465: 1456: 1447: 1437: 1428: 1419: 1348: 1347:Affirmative 1335: 1326: 1317: 1307: 1297: 1288: 1278: 1271:čāhiye aisā. 1268: 1259: 1166: 1153: 1143: 1133: 1077: 1058: 1054: 1044: 1040: 1029: 1022:nahī̃ sakte? 1019: 1010: 1000: 999:You brought 990: 980: 897: 866: 849:gut Deutsch! 846: 833: 826: 819: 801: 791: 787: 783: 779: 775: 771: 763: 759: 755: 751: 750: 718: 687:" ('and'), " 680: 671: 666: 662: 661: 658: 654: 646: 631: 630: 622: 607: 606: 581: 576: 574: 571: 567: 552: 551: 543: 535: 526: 521: 519: 516: 512: 497: 496: 488: 447: 442: 437: 434: 430: 415: 414: 404: 396: 388: 380: 319: 315: 313: 303: 292: 291: 280: 272: 261: 253: 224: 210: 206: 163:conjunctions 159:prepositions 138: 136: 118: 110: 102: 98: 94: 90: 65: 44: 36: 35: 29: 4659:Conjunction 4425:Disjunctive 4362:Conjunctive 4309:Nominalized 4212:Predicative 4056:Verbal noun 4007:Attributive 3779:cornell.edu 3371:: 182–209. 2775:, regarding 2379:It must be 2206:semblative 2082:accusative 1868:aisā karē̃ 1797:वो गाता है 1622:kaise ha͠i? 1468:, and you ( 1338:do it, man! 1269:nahī̃ karnā 1167:Particles 1057:jāū̃gā aur 898:Particles 845:Er spricht 125:. However, 42:abbreviated 34:, the term 4727:Yes and no 4642:Classifier 4626:Possessive 4588:Quantifier 4583:Possessive 4560:Determiner 4532:Adposition 4504:Resumptive 4489:Reciprocal 4484:Possessive 4464:Indefinite 4392:Pronominal 4344:Subsective 4319:Possessive 4289:Collateral 4262:Unergative 4252:Transitive 4167:Inchoative 4162:Impersonal 4102:Catenative 4041:Participle 4036:Infinitive 3968:Relational 3938:Collective 3918:Adjectival 3756:2008-04-07 3724:2009-10-29 3699:2020-11-16 3676:2020-11-16 3447:: 93–100. 3243:References 3229:used with 3214:used with 3073:(ablative) 3009:-den ötürü 2927:, prior to 2851:, informal 2552:script of 2550:rongorongo 2491:See also: 2348:a keep it 2042:semblative 1912:accusative 1889:Particles 1738:Particles 1725:"sure are" 1713:tum acchī 1703:तुम अच्छी 1690:acchī hai. 1643:Particles 1546:Particles 1544:Honorific 1431:kartā hū̃. 1349:Particles 1277:One should 1262:चाहिए ऐसा। 1154:merely two 1078:Particles 1043:जाऊँगा और 1030:can't even 1013:नहीं सकते? 891:Sentences 885:Particles 713:See also: 327:The first 201:or (oral) 103:Structural 91:structural 4717:Prop-word 4679:Ideophone 4606:Discourse 4545:Inflected 4494:Reflexive 4469:Intensive 4276:Adjective 4247:Stretched 4237:Separable 4227:Reflexive 4122:Denominal 4117:Defective 4097:Captative 4092:Auxiliary 4031:Gerundive 4021:Nonfinite 3943:Countable 3612:213719773 3604:1573-0859 3480:198686698 3453:0045-9801 3068:dan ötürü 3040:alıyorum. 2951:, despite 2899:, against 2807:, as much 2799:, mention 2743:, another 2598:Tokelauan 2592:Tokelauan 2501:The term 2462:cār baje 2441:No one's 2381:inside it 2346:from that 2168:adessive 2149:inessive 2130:genitive 2125:ablative 2063:ergative 1858:ऐसा करें 1680:अच्छी है। 1422:करता हूँ। 1366:) — "yes" 1281:do that. 1260:नहीं करना 1165:Negation 993:leke āye? 983:लेके आये? 896:Emphatic 667:PTCL.CMPR 663:PTCL.CMPR 575:the book 304:Sy is nie 229:include: 227:Afrikaans 221:Afrikaans 215:inflected 177:(such as 111:Aspectual 95:aspectual 84:particles 57:inflected 4742:Category 4706:Pro-verb 4701:Pro-form 4598:Particle 4550:Stranded 4499:Relative 4479:Personal 4397:Relative 4382:Locative 4372:Genitive 4197:Negative 4127:Deponent 4107:Compound 3783:Archived 3747:Archived 3718:Archived 3461:26264771 3416:Archived 3373:Archived 3220:('but'). 3165:See also 3061:(dative) 3027:-e doğru 3021:-den öte 2943:, beyond 2935:, due to 2843:, before 2527:suffixes 2507:Japanese 2503:particle 2452:चार बजे 2431:koi mujh 2410:Pour it 2024:locative 2006:locative 2001:pe / par 1988:locative 1970:genitive 1952:ergative 1930:ablative 1820:he sing? 1654:(to) — " 1612:कैसे है? 1498:Yes sure 1491:karū̃gā. 1329:kar yār! 1310:happen . 1156:oranges. 1152:We have 1142:nārangī 1134:मात्र दो 1095:) — mere 1076:Limiter 1020:likh bhī 981:कॉफ़ी ही 752:Particle 577:PTCL.GEN 522:PTCL.GEN 478:genitive 443:PTCL.INF 397:remember 316:PTCL.NEG 308:moeg nie 245:, as in: 205:such as 179:negation 155:articles 139:particle 37:particle 4691:Preverb 4568:Article 4514:Subject 4407:Pronoun 4242:Stative 4207:Phrasal 4182:Lexical 4137:Dynamic 4112:Copular 4012:Converb 3928:Animacy 3396:German. 3235:('and') 3056:a kadar 2999:, alone 2967:, as if 2916:mukabil 2891:, until 2815:, until 2783:, right 2764:bir tek 2751:, since 2720:Turkish 2689:Russian 2683:Russian 2616:e, o, a 2531:clitics 2421:कोई मुझ 2412:on that 2404:ḍhālnā. 2350:on this 2272:him/her 2101:dative 1995:पे / पर 1972:marker" 1954:marker" 1936:marker" 1914:marker" 1628:How is 1482:करूँगा। 1459:aur āp. 1308:doesn't 1195:na / nā 1144:mātr do 1132:नारंगी 1003:coffee? 991:kôfī hī 747:English 709:Chinese 669:a house 464:: Both 199:fillers 195:clitics 167:adverbs 151:classes 32:grammar 4669:Coverb 4664:Copula 4518:Object 4435:Donkey 4354:Adverb 4329:Proper 4294:Common 4177:Labile 4046:Supine 4026:Gerund 4017:Finite 3982:Verbal 3973:Strong 3963:Proper 3667:  3610:  3602:  3478:  3459:  3451:  3330:  3298:  3258:  3015:-e dek 2996:yalnız 2975:, then 2959:, only 2956:sadece 2948:rağmen 2904:karşın 2883:, with 2859:, like 2824:dolayı 2767:, only 2511:Korean 2472:Do it 2466:karnā. 2435:nahī̃. 2394:ढालना। 2338:rakho. 2305:Is it 2268:He/she 2058:Hindi 1908:dative 1632:Rahul? 1618:rāhul 1608:राहुल 1519:hā̃ to 1509:हाँ तो 1489:jī hā̃ 1480:जी हाँ 1470:formal 1450:और आप? 1405:hā̃-to 1399:हाँ तो 1391:jī-hā̃ 1385:जी हाँ 1240:) and 1189:न / ना 1061:āū̃gā. 1047:आऊँगा। 1032:write? 1011:लिख भी 888:Notes 852:, the 798:German 677:Arabic 520:Peter 394:onthou 372:, e.g. 97:, and 4635:Other 4616:Modal 4440:Dummy 4192:Modal 4187:Light 4065:Types 4000:Forms 3923:Agent 3792:7 May 3786:(PDF) 3775:(PDF) 3750:(PDF) 3743:(PDF) 3608:S2CID 3476:S2CID 3457:JSTOR 3419:(PDF) 3412:(PDF) 3394:Yabla 3376:(PDF) 3365:(PDF) 3202:Notes 3054:Yarın 2988:üzere 2983:, row 2972:sonra 2964:sanki 2932:ötürü 2896:karşı 2888:kadar 2875:, for 2848:gayri 2840:evvel 2827:, due 2804:denli 2796:değin 2791:, not 2788:değil 2780:doğru 2759:, one 2740:başka 2733:ancak 2713:б, -с 2670:Ia te 2619:, or 2558:Māori 2533:, or 2515:nouns 2474:until 2456:करना। 2425:नहीं। 2373:hogā. 2363:होगा। 2274:with 2261:mārā. 2243:मारा। 2055:Case 2040:) — " 2022:) — " 2004:) — " 1986:) — " 1968:) — " 1950:) — " 1928:) — " 1906:) — " 1686:nehā 1676:नेहा 1336:Don't 1298:nā ho 1289:ना हो 1225:nahī̃ 1181:nahī̃ 1116:मात्र 1086:मात्र 1053:ma͠i 882:Type 869:Hindi 863:Hindi 822:. In 655:house 620:groot 579:Peter 568:Peter 565:Peter 489:Peter 486:Peter 281:tired 189:, or 187:tense 141:is a 119:Modal 99:modal 70:zhùcí 4621:Noun 4367:Flat 4222:Pure 3992:Verb 3977:Weak 3953:Mass 3933:Bare 3905:Noun 3794:2018 3665:ISBN 3600:ISSN 3553:help 3501:help 3449:ISSN 3328:ISBN 3296:ISBN 3256:ISBN 3046:anne 3038:için 2991:, to 2980:sıra 2924:önce 2872:için 2867:, by 2864:göre 2856:gibi 2835:, so 2832:diye 2772:dair 2748:beri 2703:and 2652:a te 2586:from 2584:and 2509:and 2495:and 2443:like 2324:रखो। 2299:hai? 2270:hit 1818:Does 1799:क्या 1780:क्या 1774:The 1746:क्या 1723:You 1585:and 1580:sama 1517:are 1507:अरे 1219:नहीं 1175:नहीं 1122:mātr 1092:mātr 1039:मैं 1028:You 1001:just 989:bas 855:aber 847:aber 839:aber 827:aber 815:Aber 792:well 790:and 782:and 665:big 652:huis 637:CMPR 633:PTCL 628:soos 613:CMPR 609:PTCL 595:soos 592:and 554:PTCL 544:book 541:boek 524:book 513:book 510:boek 499:PTCL 476:are 470:and 440:COMP 417:PTCL 406:COMP 389:must 386:moet 294:PTCL 278:moeg 207:well 191:case 183:mood 165:and 47:PTCL 3655:hdl 3647:doi 3592:doi 3532:283 2940:öte 2880:ile 2812:dek 2756:bir 2716:). 2700:-то 2687:In 2676:mai 2661:or 2596:In 2521:or 2464:tak 2445:me. 2371:mē̃ 2361:में 2332:mē̃ 2307:his 2289:है? 2198:tak 2160:mē̃ 2154:में 2019:tak 1983:mē̃ 1977:में 1809:kyā 1752:kyā 1630:Mr. 1595:san 1533:yes 1466:Yes 1438:Yes 1429:hā̃ 1420:हाँ 1363:hā̃ 1357:हाँ 1327:mat 1279:n't 1249:mat 1209:mat 1106:bas 1059:yū̃ 1055:yū̃ 1045:यूँ 1041:यूँ 979:बस 969:bhī 940:yū̃ 934:यूँ 926:bhī 834:but 820:but 794:. 784:let 776:not 764:out 762:or 740:助動詞 623:big 558:GEN 549:van 536:the 533:die 503:GEN 473:van 461:van 458:or 445:eat 431:eat 428:eet 421:INF 381:You 339:nie 330:nie 298:NEG 286:nie 273:not 267:nie 254:She 235:nie 193:), 89:): 30:In 4744:: 4708:/ 4520:/ 4516:/ 4452:/ 4019:/ 3975:/ 3836:^ 3781:. 3777:. 3745:. 3716:. 3692:. 3663:, 3653:, 3641:, 3606:. 3598:. 3588:38 3586:. 3582:. 3544:: 3542:}} 3538:{{ 3530:. 3492:: 3490:}} 3486:{{ 3455:. 3445:76 3443:. 3439:. 3427:^ 3392:. 3367:. 3310:^ 3275:. 3232:ve 3030:: 3024:, 3018:, 3012:, 2706:же 2694:бы 2679:. 2667:. 2664:ki 2634:ia 2628:ia 2622:ko 2610:Ia 2603:ia 2600:, 2588:. 2582:at 2580:, 2578:in 2529:, 2469:) 2454:तक 2438:) 2433:sā 2423:सा 2407:) 2402:pe 2400:us 2392:पे 2390:उस 2376:) 2369:us 2359:उस 2341:) 2336:pe 2330:us 2322:पे 2318:से 2316:उस 2302:) 2297:kā 2295:us 2287:का 2285:उस 2276:it 2264:) 2259:se 2257:us 2255:ko 2253:us 2251:ne 2249:us 2241:से 2239:उस 2237:को 2235:उस 2233:ने 2231:उस 2220:) 2217:sā 2211:सा 2201:) 2192:तक 2182:) 2179:pe 2173:पे 2163:) 2144:) 2141:kā 2135:का 2120:) 2117:se 2111:से 2096:) 2093:ko 2087:को 2077:) 2074:ne 2068:ने 2037:sā 2031:सा 2013:तक 1965:kā 1959:का 1947:ne 1941:ने 1925:se 1919:से 1903:ko 1897:को 1875:) 1870:nā 1860:ना 1849:no 1844:) 1839:nā 1829:ना 1814:) 1787:ना 1766:nā 1760:ना 1720:) 1715:to 1705:तो 1693:) 1688:to 1678:तो 1665:तो 1651:तो 1625:) 1620:jī 1610:जी 1600:. 1589:さん 1574:さま 1560:jī 1554:जी 1531:) 1524:) 1494:) 1472:)? 1462:) 1457:jī 1448:जी 1434:) 1377:jī 1371:जी 1332:) 1318:मत 1303:) 1274:) 1243:मत 1237:na 1203:मत 1149:) 1100:बस 1064:) 1025:) 996:) 963:भी 956:hī 950:ही 920:भी 912:hī 906:ही 802:A 788:oh 780:do 772:to 760:up 722:助詞 702:هل 696:-ل 690:-ف 684:-و 644:'n 604:so 589:so 494:se 467:se 455:se 412:te 402:om 378:Jy 369:te 363:om 354:te 262:is 259:is 251:Sy 217:. 211:um 209:, 197:, 185:, 181:, 161:, 157:, 117:. 109:. 101:. 93:, 79:; 76:助詞 3888:e 3881:t 3874:v 3830:. 3796:. 3759:. 3727:. 3702:. 3657:: 3649:: 3614:. 3594:: 3555:) 3551:( 3503:) 3499:( 3482:. 3463:. 3336:. 3304:. 3279:. 3043:( 2710:( 2658:i 2646:ā 2640:a 2573:i 2563:e 2459:( 2428:( 2414:. 2397:( 2383:. 2366:( 2352:. 2327:( 2309:? 2292:( 2278:. 2246:( 2214:( 2195:( 2176:( 2157:( 2138:( 2114:( 2090:( 2071:( 2034:( 2016:( 1998:( 1980:( 1962:( 1944:( 1922:( 1900:( 1872:? 1865:( 1862:? 1851:? 1841:? 1834:( 1831:? 1811:? 1804:( 1801:? 1763:( 1749:( 1710:( 1683:( 1658:" 1615:( 1598:) 1592:( 1583:) 1577:( 1557:( 1527:( 1514:( 1485:( 1453:( 1425:( 1402:( 1388:( 1374:( 1360:( 1323:( 1294:( 1265:( 1246:( 1234:( 1231:न 1222:( 1206:( 1192:( 1178:( 1139:( 1119:( 1103:( 1089:( 1050:( 1016:( 986:( 966:( 953:( 937:( 923:( 909:( 647:a 635:. 611:. 556:. 501:. 419:. 343:2 334:1 310:2 306:1 296:. 288:2 269:1 239:2 87:' 81:' 73:( 40:( 20:)

Index

Particle (linguistics)
grammar
abbreviated
part of speech
inflected
function word
grammatical relations
grammatical aspects
linguistic modality
Polynesian languages
function word
part of speech
classes
articles
prepositions
conjunctions
adverbs
auxiliary verbs
grammatical categories
negation
mood
tense
case
clitics
fillers
discourse markers
inflected
Afrikaans
double negation system
complementiser

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