1141:
1450:
1706:
2246:
1357:; the committee planned to conduct sit-down demonstrations in central London and at nuclear bases around the UK. Russell said that the demonstrations were necessary because the press had become indifferent to the CND and large-scale, direct action could force the government to change its policy. One hundred prominent people, many in the arts, attached their names to the organization. Large numbers of demonstrators were essential to their strategy but police violence, the arrest and imprisonment of demonstrators, and preemptive arrests for conspiracy diminished support. Although several prominent people took part in sit-down demonstrations (including Russell, whose imprisonment at age 89 was widely reported), many of the 100 signatories were inactive.
1551:
2187:
542:
2121:
923:
recuperate. He argued in many newspaper articles that capitalism would discourage warfare because, "If every man who manufactures an article would make the very best he can in the very best way at the very lowest possible price the world would be kept out of war, for commercialists would not have to search for outside markets which the other fellow covets." Ford admitted that munitions makers enjoyed wars, but he argued the typical capitalist wanted to avoid wars to concentrate on manufacturing and selling what people wanted, hiring good workers, and generating steady long-term profits.
1334:
438:
2331:
1269:
1953:(the Peace Bloc) is a left-wing group which developed from the Jewish-Arab Committee Against Deportations, which protested the deportation without trial of 415 Palestinian activists to Lebanon in December 1992 and put up a protest tent in front of the prime minister's office in Jerusalem for two months until the government allowed the deportees to return. The committee then decided to continue as a general peace movement opposing the occupation and advocating the creation of an independent Palestine side-by-side with Israel in its
944:
1361:
796:. He told the British people in 1940, "I would like you to lay down the arms you have as being useless for saving you or humanity. You will invite Herr Hitler and Signor Mussolini to take what they want of the countries you call your possessions ... If these gentlemen choose to occupy your homes, you will vacate them. If they do not give you free passage out, you will allow yourselves man, woman, and child to be slaughtered, but you will refuse to owe allegiance to them."
32:
557:(1793-1814), no formal peace movement was established in Britain until hostilities ended. A significant grassroots peace movement, animated by universalist ideals, emerged from the perception that Britain fought in a reactionary role and the increasingly visible impact of the war on the nation's welfare in the form of higher taxes and casualties. Sixteen peace petitions to Parliament were signed by members of the public; anti-war and anti-
871:(his New York City weekly magazine) on September 28, 1914. The editorial called for an international organization to agree on the arbitration of disputes and guarantee the territorial integrity of its members by maintaining military forces sufficient to defeat those of any non-member. The ensuing debate among prominent internationalists modified Holt's plan to align it more closely with proposals in Great Britain put forth by
715:
811:
2629:
844:
1789:
63:
1947:'s hand on the White House lawn, however, Peace Now mobilized strong public support for him. Since Rabin's November 1995 assassination, rallies on the anniversary of his death (organized by the Rabin Family Foundation) have become the Israeli peace movement's main event. Peace Now is currently known for its struggle against the expansion of settlement outposts on the West Bank.
761:. Gandhi saw himself as a disciple of Tolstoy because they agreed on the issues of opposition to state authority and colonialism, loathed violence, and preached non-resistance. However, they differed on political strategy. Gandhi called for political involvement; a nationalist, he was prepared to use nonviolent force but was also willing to compromise.
2327:, with events in about 800 cities. The following month, just before the American- and British-led invasion of Iraq, "The World Says No to War" protest attracted as many as 500,000 protestors to cities across the U.S. After the war ended, many protest organizations persisted because of the American military and corporate presence in Iraq.
3895:
1644:
Eastern Europe metamorphosed into genuine peace movements calling not only for détente, but for democracy. According to Hania
Fedorowicz, they played an important role in East Germany and other countries in resurrecting civil society, and helped instigate the successful 1989 peaceful revolutions in Eastern Europe.
1882:. After the Second intifada and Palestinian rejections of peace proposals, Tamar Hermann, director of the Guttman Center for Public Opinion and Policy Research at the Israel Democracy Institute said that Israelis began to lose faith in the feasebility of peace although Israelis support the idea of peace.
2226:
The primary function of the
National Peace Council was to provide opportunities for consultation and joint activities by its affiliated members, to help inform public opinion on the issues of the day, and to convey to the government the views of its members. The NPC disbanded in 2000 and was replaced
1643:
A very large peace movement emerged in East and West Europe in the 1980s, primarily in opposition to
American plans to fight the Cold War by stationing nuclear missiles in Europe. Moscow supported the movement behind the scenes, but did not control it. However, communist-sponsored peace movements in
1326:, to demonstrate their opposition to nuclear weapons. The Aldermaston marches continued into the late 1960s, when tens of thousands of people participated in the four-day marches. The CND tapped into the widespread popular fear of, and opposition to, nuclear weapons after the development of the first
788:
Gandhi came under political fire for his criticism of those who attempted to achieve independence through violence. He responded, "There was a time when people listened to me because I showed them how to give fight to the
British without arms when they had no arms ... but today I am told that my
1375:
Since the
Committee of 100 had a non-hierarchical structure and no formal membership, many local groups assumed the name. Although this helped civil disobedience to spread, it produced policy confusion; as the 1960s progressed, a number of Committee of 100 groups protested against social issues not
784:
Gandhi later realized that a high level of nonviolence required great faith and courage, which not everyone possessed. He advised that everyone need not strictly adhere to nonviolence, especially if it was a cover for cowardice: "Where there is only a choice between cowardice and violence, I would
739:
is his body of ideas and principles Gandhi promoted. One of its most important concepts is nonviolent resistance. According to M. M. Sankhdher, Gandhism is not a systematic position in metaphysics or political philosophy but a political creed, an economic doctrine, a religious outlook, a
2082:
across the country, with
Christchurch being a prominent hub. Christchurch was the first city in New Zealand to be declared nuclear-free and became the nation's inaugural peace city in 2002. The city's botanical gardens are home to a world peace bell and a peace train. During the 1980s, the Sumner
615:
of the affairs of nations, and to create an international institution to achieve it. Richard became the society's full-time secretary in 1850; he held the position for the next 40 years, and became known as the "Apostle of Peace". He helped secure one of the peace movement's earliest victories by
2022:
with the goal of reaching a "bilaterally acceptable" peace agreement between Israel and
Palestine. The movement has worked to build connections with Palestinians, reaching out to women and men from a variety of religions and political backgrounds. Its activities have included a collective hunger
2450:
continued the wars in
Afghanistan and Iraq, attendance at peace marches "declined precipitously". Social scientists Michael T. Heaney and Fabio Rojas noted that from 2007 to 2009, "the largest antiwar rallies shrank from hundreds of thousands of people to thousands, and then to only hundreds."
1279:
Peace movements emerged in Japan, combining in 1954 to form the
Japanese Council Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs. Japanese opposition to the Pacific nuclear-weapons tests was widespread, and an "estimated 35 million signatures were collected on petitions calling for bans on nuclear weapons".
2070:
This small
Pacific nation has a strong aspiration for global peace, rooted in the MÄori principle of Rongomaraeroa (the Long Pathway to Peace). New Zealand women who were part of the suffrage movement played a significant role in establishing the World Court, a permanent arbitration court for
1345:
Popular opposition to nuclear weapons produced a Labour Party resolution for unilateral nuclear disarmament at the 1960 party conference, but the resolution was overturned the following year and did not appear on later agendas. The experience disillusioned many anti-nuclear protesters who had
1298:
The CND advocated the unconditional renunciation of the use, production, or dependence upon nuclear weapons by Britain, and the creation of a general disarmament convention. Although the country was progressing towards de-nuclearization, the CND declared that Britain should halt the flight of
922:
According to biographer Steven Watts, Ford's status as a leading industrialist gave him a worldview that warfare was wasteful folly that retarded long-term economic growth. The losing side in the war typically suffered heavy damage. Small business were especially hurt, for it takes years to
934:
was a key supporter who became too ill to join him. Ford talked to President Woodrow Wilson about the mission but had no government support. His group met with peace activists in neutral Sweden and the Netherlands. A target of much ridicule, Ford left the ship as soon as it reached Sweden.
2308:, belated efforts at humanitarian assistance to war-torn regions such as Bosnia and Rwanda, and aid to post-war Iraq. American peace activists brought medicine into Iraq in defiance of U.S. law, resulting in heavy fines and imprisonment for some. The principal groups involved included
1434:: "Linus Carl Pauling, who ever since 1946 has campaigned ceaselessly, not only against nuclear weapons tests, not only against the spread of these armaments, not only against their very use but against all warfare as a means of solving international conflicts." Pauling founded the
2269:
movement sought to educate the public on the inherent risk and cost of Reagan's policy. Outreach to individual citizens in the Soviet Union and mass meetings using satellite-link technology were major parts of peacemaking activity during the 1980s. In 1981, the activist
1735:
peace movement concentrated on the abolition of nuclear technology (particularly nuclear weapons) from West Germany and Europe. Most activists criticized both the United States and the Soviet Union. According to conservative critics, the movement had been infiltrated by
1688:, whose 140 member groups include large city-based coalitions, small grassroots groups, national and local unions and faith, environmental and student groups for a combined membership of over four million. The alliance and its member groups have led opposition to the
224:
Ideas differ about what "peace" is (or should be), which results in a number of movements seeking different ideals of peace. Although "anti-war" movements often have short-term goals, peace movements advocate an ongoing lifestyle and a proactive government policy.
1696:
and Canadian complicity in what it views as misguided and destructive United States foreign policy. Canada has also been home to a growing movement of Palestinian solidarity, marked by an increasing number of grassroots Jewish groups opposed to Israeli policies.
2222:
were particularly vocal in Britain. Polls suggested that without UN Security Council approval, the UK public was opposed to involvement. Over two million people protested in Hyde Park; the previous largest demonstration in the UK had about 600,000 participants.
1908:
and dismantle Israeli settlements there. Peace Now supported Begin for a time and hailed him as a peacemaker, but turned against him when the Sinai withdrawal was accompanied by an accelerated campaign of land confiscation and settlement-building on the
429:(1038). The Truce of God sought to restrain violence by limiting the number of days of the week and times of the year when the nobility was able to employ violence. These peace movements "set the foundations for modern European peace movements."
2430:
and Code Pink warned about what they considered the threat of a "war of an unprecedented scale, this time against Iran", Expressing concern that an attack on Iran with nuclear weapons had "not been ruled out", they called for "the dispute about
2083:
Peace Group, Rangiora Peace Group, and Lyttelton Peace Group were active advocates for peace, supporting various causes such as Citizens for Demilitarisation of Harewood, Campaign Against Foreign Control of Aotearoa, and Anti-Bases Campaign.
1920:. This was originally worded vaguely, with no definition of "the Palestinians" and who represents them. Peace Now was slow to join the dialogue with the PLO begun by groups such as the Israeli Council for Israeli-Palestinian Peace and the
158:. The political cooperative is an example of an organization which seeks to merge all peace-movement and green organizations; they may have diverse goals, but have the common ideal of peace and humane sustainability. A concern of some
2075:, deeply ingrained the nation's commitment to peace. Military involvement in subsequent conflicts has primarily focused on peacekeeping, non-combat training, logistical support, medical assistance, and post-war reconstruction teams.
2144:
gained many adherents to its pledge "I renounce war and will never support or sanction another." Its support diminished considerably with the outbreak of war in 1939, but it remained the focus of pacifism in the post-war years.
774:
have a long history in Indian religious and philosophical thought, and have had a number of revivals in Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Jewish and Christian contexts. Gandhi explained his philosophy and way of life in his autobiography,
405:, proclaimed in AD 989 at the Council of Charroux) and the Truce of God, which was proclaimed in 1027. The Peace of God was spearheaded by bishops as a response to increasing violence against monasteries after the fall of the
1473:
and the largest political demonstration in American history. International Day of Nuclear-disarmament protests were held on June 20, 1983, at 50 locations across the United States. In 1986, hundreds of people walked from
1249:
urged young Americans not to enlist in the military. Peace movements have become widespread throughout the world since World War II, and their previously-radical beliefs are now a part of mainstream political discourse.
2214:) were powerful enough to cause several of Blair's cabinet to resign and hundreds of Labour MPs to vote against their government. Blair's motion to support the U.S. plan to invade Iraq continued due to support from the
4268:
2370:
continued to protest against the Iraq War. Protest methods included rallies and marches, impeachment petitions, the staging of a war-crimes tribunal in New York to investigate crimes and alleged abuses of power by the
169:
peace movement", or an all-encompassing "anti-war movement". Seen from this perspective, they are often indistinguishable and constitute a loose, responsive, event-driven collaboration between groups motivated by
1961:
the capital of both states. Gush Shalom is also descended from the Israeli Council for Israeli-Palestinian Peace (ICIPP), founded in 1975. Its founders included a group of dissidents which included Major-General
3498:
1974:, who headed the Zionist Federation in the Netherlands before coming to Israel in 1948 and the former director-general of the Israeli Ministry of Finance and board chair of the Israeli Electricity Company; and
4030:
1982:
over Palestinian issues. The ICIPP's founders joined a group of young, grassroots peace activists who had been active against Israeli occupation since 1967. The bridge between them was journalist and former
643:
By the 1850s, these movements were becoming well organized in the major countries of Europe and North America, reaching middle-class activists beyond the range of the earlier religious connections.
1705:
4735:
2427:
2395:
1449:
1040:
Pacifism and revulsion to war were popular sentiments in 1920s Britain. A number of novels and poems about the futility of war and the slaughter of youth by old fools were published, including
1509:
6055:
1545:
993:
The immense loss of life during the First World War for what became known as futile reasons caused a sea-change in public attitudes to militarism. Organizations formed at this time included
1414:
spread primarily via milk from cows which ate contaminated grass. Public pressure and the research results then led to a moratorium on above ground nuclear weapons testing, followed by the
1028:
to the effect that the munitions industry and Wall Street financiers had promoted American entry into World War I to cover their financial investments. The immediate result was a series of
1528:. The conference, entitled "Achieving the Vision of a World Free of Nuclear Weapons", was intended to build consensus between states with and without nuclear weapons in the context of the
2301:
began in February 1991. The ground war ended in less than a week with a lopsided Allied victory, and a media-incited wave of patriotic sentiment washed over the nascent protest movement.
6104:
5106:
Kimball, Jeffrey. "The Influence of Ideology on Interpretive Disagreement: A Report on a Survey of Diplomatic, Military and Peace Historians on the Causes of 20th Century U. S. Wars",
2257:
Near the end of the Cold War, U.S. peace activists focused on slowing the nuclear arms race in the hope of reducing the possibility of nuclear war between the U.S. and the USSR. As the
374:
These movements led to the formation of Green parties in a number of democratic countries in the late 20th century. The peace movement has influenced these parties in countries such as
1728:
Germany developed a strong pacifist movement in the late 19th century; it was suppressed during the Nazi era. After 1945 in East Germany it was controlled by the communist government.
1140:
6461:
6114:
5507:
2613:
2426:(1997 Peace Prize) and anti-war groups including the Israeli Committee for a Middle East Free from Atomic, Biological and Chemical Weapons, the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament,
998:
6089:
2536:
6441:
1084:
was also popular; instead of outright pacifism, the public generally exhibited a determination to stand up to aggression with economic sanctions and multilateral negotiations.
888:
2113:
by France, strengthened the country's nuclear-free stance and garnered bipartisan support. This depth of sentiment remains robust today. As recently as 2024, Foreign Minister
1684:
For over a century Canada has had a diverse peace movement, with coalitions and networks in many cities, towns, and regions. The largest national umbrella organization is the
6380:
5943:
1501:. The protest was the largest anti-nuclear rally in the U.S. for several decades. In Britain, there were many protests against the government's proposal to replace the aging
232:
or against one's government's participation in a war. This lack of clarity (or long-term continuity) has been part of the strategy of those seeking to end a war, such as the
1188:
wrote, "I loathe all armies and any kind of violence, yet I'm firmly convinced that at present these hateful weapons offer the only effective protection." French pacifists
6029:
1529:
2175:) led several large demonstrations against the Vietnam War in 1967 and 1968, the first anti-Vietnam demonstration was at the American Embassy in London in 1965. In 1976,
2501:
3990:
1615:
High-profile opposition to the Vietnam war turned to street protests in an effort to turn U.S. political opinion against the war. The protests gained momentum from the
1483:
332:
4027:
2071:
peaceful resolution of international disputes. Stories of the horrors recounted by soldiers and nurses returning from both world wars, along with the impact of the
1904:, Peace Now rallies in Tel Aviv (which drew a crowd of 100,000, the largest peace rally in Israel to date) played a major role in his decision to withdraw from the
254:. Those involved in multiple, similar short-term movements develop trust relationships with other participants, and tend to join more-global, long-term movements.
596:
in 1816 to promote permanent, universal peace. During the 1840s, British women formed 15-to-20 person "Olive Leaf Circles" to discuss and promote pacifist ideas.
4399:
740:
moral precept, and a humanitarian worldview. An effort not to systematize wisdom but to transform society, it is based on faith in the goodness of human nature.
6514:
5958:
6162:
6136:
3910:
2117:
emphasized the importance of seeking peaceful solutions, highlighting the lesson learned from the Second World War that dialogue is preferable to conflict.
2094:
and the nearby Weedons Stores Depot. Twenty-three individuals were arrested during the clashes. This event could be seen as a precursor to the protests at
4713:
2297:
began preparing for war in the region. Peace activists were starting to gain traction with popular rallies, especially on the West Coast, just before the
6094:
4930:
Vellacott, Jo. "A place for pacifism and transnationalism in feminist theory: the early work of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom."
4925:
4292:
2491:
2476:
2240:
5071:
Davy, Jennifer Anne. "Pacifist thought and gender ideology in the political biographies of women peace activists in Germany, 1899-1970: introduction."
1604:
In 1965, the movement began to gain national prominence. Provocative actions by police and protesters turned anti-war demonstrations in Chicago at the
781:. Some of his remarks were widely quoted, such as "There are many causes that I am prepared to die for, but no causes that I am prepared to kill for."
6099:
5911:
4618:
2072:
1763:(a Green, and Germany's most popular politician at the time), who sought to limit German involvement in the war on terror. He joined French President
1498:
529:; Wilberforce thought that by following the Christian ideals of peace and brotherhood, strict limits should be imposed on British involvement in the
493:
The major 18th-century peace movements were products of two schools of thought which coalesced at the end of the century. One, rooted in the secular
6060:
6025:
3719:"Strontium-90 Absorption by Deciduous Teeth: Analysis of teeth provides a practicable method of monitoring strontium-90 uptake by human populations"
3186:
2858:
907:(the first woman elected to Congress) was another advocate of pacifism, and the only person to vote "no" on the U.S. entrance into both world wars.
4216:
2375:, bringing Iraqi women to the U.S. to tell their side of the story, independent filmmaking, high-profile appearances by anti-war activists such as
1532:. In May 2010, 25,000 people (including members of peace organizations and 1945 atomic-bomb survivors) marched for about two kilometers from lower
1108:. Activists on the left often put their pacifism on pause in order to help the war effort of the Spanish government. Shortly after the war ended,
6202:
6131:
4650:
3883:
2387:, resisting military recruiting on college campuses, withholding taxes, mass letter-writing to legislators and newspapers, blogging, music, and
165:
A global affiliation of activists and political interests viewed as having a shared purpose and constituting a single movement has been called "
6177:
5729:
5643:
2608:
2436:
1995:(PLO). Gush Shalom activists are currently involved in the daily struggle in Palestinian villages which have had their land confiscated by the
1237:
who refused any cooperation with the war effort often spent much of each war in federal prisons. During World War II, pacifist leaders such as
777:
6431:
3229:
2245:
1505:
with newer missiles. The largest of the protests had 100,000 participants and, according to polls, 59 percent of the public opposed the move.
5830:
5397:
4876:
2999:
3421:
6622:
6617:
6182:
6035:
5987:
1259:
4316:
2850:
2160:
sought to opt out of the Cold War, rejecting "Britain's Little Independent Nuclear Deterrent" (BLIND) on the grounds that it contradicted
4426:
6582:
6446:
1605:
919:(1863-1947). He set up a $ 1 million fund to promote peace, and published numerous antiwar articles and ads in hundreds of newspapers.
875:, a former ambassador from the U.K. to the U.S. These and other initiatives were pivotal to the attitude changes which gave rise to the
1693:
1233:
existed in both world wars, and the United States government allowed sincere objectors to serve in non-combat military roles. However,
6556:
6436:
6212:
6192:
5778:
5674:
5320:
2461:
2324:
1439:
900:
477:. The Quakers were prominent advocates of pacifism, who had repudiated all forms of violence and adopted a pacifist interpretation of
4510:
1024:
The Women's International League for Peace and Freedom helped convince the U.S. Senate to launch an influential investigation by the
6471:
6040:
5704:
5362:
5247:
5163:
5132:
5032:
5018:
4908:
3552:
3511:
3459:
3437:
3318:
3127:
3071:
3031:
2965:
2827:
2803:
2758:
1992:
1828:
1435:
1354:
892:
123:
2305:
1847:
1497:
Forty thousand anti-nuclear and anti-war protesters marched past the United Nations in New York on May 1, 2005, 60 years after the
1072:
debate on the proposed motion that "one must fight for King and country" reflected the changed mood when the motion was defeated.
6119:
6109:
5724:
3987:
2440:
1666:
1284:
662:
481:
as early as 1660. Throughout the 18th-century wars in which Britain participated, the Quakers maintained a principled commitment
162:
is the challenge of attaining peace when those against peace often use violence as their means of communication and empowerment.
3961:
3767:
3744:
2186:
1842:
1387:
marched in 60 cities in the United States to demonstrate against nuclear weapons. It was the century's largest national women's
119:
86:(or wars) or minimizing inter-human violence in a particular place or situation. They are often linked to the goal of achieving
6258:
5492:
5487:
3803:
3330:
Neil Earle, "Public Opinion for Peace: Tactics of Peace Activists at the Washington Conference on Naval Armament (1921-1922)."
2563:
2415:
1806:
1673:, where she worked with the World Disarmament Committee. Despite her pacifism, she voted for Canada to enter World War II. The
1415:
994:
948:
872:
6421:
4920:
Schlabach, Gerald W. "Christian Peace Theology and Nonviolence toward the Truth: Internal Critique amid Interfaith Dialogue."
1550:
859:
leaders to promote a strong international organization which could enforce peaceful conflict resolution. Later that year, the
6451:
6067:
5407:
5357:
3845:
3568:
3277:
2511:
2323:
began in 2003, a concerted protest effort was formed in the United States. A series of protests across the globe was held on
2110:
1810:
1502:
1114:
1096:(1936â1939) was a major test of international pacifism, pacifist organizations (such as War Resisters' International and the
1056:
593:
4757:
4344:
1924:
coalition; only in 1988 did the group accept that the PLO is the body regarded by the Palestinians as their representative.
4993:
4592:
1299:
nuclear-armed planes, end nuclear testing, stop using missile bases, and not provide nuclear weapons to any other country.
789:
non-violence can be of no avail against the HinduâMoslem riots; therefore, people should arm themselves for self-defense."
6207:
6082:
4957:
2687:
2546:
2347:
2236:
2219:
239:
3167:
5813:
5734:
5714:
5497:
5417:
5402:
5367:
4862:
4693:
4049:
Martin Baumeister, and Benjamin Ziemann, "Introduction: Peace Movements in Southern Europe during the 1970s and 1980s."
2748:
2372:
2339:
2313:
1315:
1097:
1029:
969:
896:
722:
608:
3676:
1189:
828:
was generally greeted with enthusiastic patriotism across Europe, peace groups were active in condemning the war. Many
6395:
6157:
5981:
5699:
5382:
4083:
2496:
2486:
2351:
2168:
2004:
1612:
brought attention (and support) to the anti-war movement, which continued to expand for the duration of the conflict.
1443:
1398:
and his wife presented the United Nations with a petition signed by more than 11,000 scientists calling for an end to
1197:
1157:
1018:
573:
308:
219:
4717:
4317:"A women's movement that is trying to bring peace to Israel | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis"
3942:
3926:
1184:
was a unique circumstance in which war was not the worst possible evil, and called his position "relative pacifism".
5149:
1118:, which has been described as a pacifist manifesto. In response to the threat of fascism, pacifist thinkers such as
6612:
6344:
6299:
6284:
6225:
6072:
6050:
5749:
5709:
5427:
5347:
5078:
Eastman, Carolyn, "Fight Like a Man: Gender and Rhetoric in the Early Nineteenth-Century American Peace Movement",
4896:
2672:
2558:
2531:
2526:
2161:
2028:
1662:
1291:
on 17 February 1958 which was attended by five thousand people. After the meeting, several hundred demonstrated at
1135:
2391:. Independent media producers continued to broadcast, podcast, and web-host programs about the anti-war movement.
1851:
1799:
1562:
The anti-Vietnam War peace movement began during the 1960s in the United States, opposing U.S. involvement in the
688:(1843â1914) after 1889 became a leading figure in the peace movement with the publication of her pacifist novel,
6124:
6077:
6045:
5739:
5684:
4349:
4078:, "Europe Is a Peaceful Woman, America Is a War-Mongering Man? The 1980s Peace Movement in NATO-Allied Europe."
2521:
2432:
1521:
1288:
852:
805:
764:
Gandhi was the first person to apply the principle of nonviolence on a large scale. The concepts of nonviolence (
670:
530:
6632:
6405:
6400:
6000:
5933:
5803:
5783:
5766:
5422:
4518:
3369:
1931:, Peace Now held a number of rallies to protest the Israeli army and call for a negotiated withdrawal from the
1590:
1487:
1246:
1145:
558:
273:
in the form of equal protection and equal opportunity under the law for groups which had been disenfranchised.
4481:
2120:
1216:
5669:
4566:
2131:'s May 2015 Peace and Love Rally through the south side of the city drew hundreds of marchers and celebrants.
592:, also known as the Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace, was formed by philanthropist
6577:
6551:
6390:
5993:
5679:
5482:
5412:
4776:
2596:
2367:
2279:
2262:
2215:
1932:
1756:
1685:
1674:
1399:
1268:
1165:
1160:
reversed its anti-war activism, however, when Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941. Although mainstream
1105:
1014:
860:
564:
The first formal peace movements appeared in 1815 and 1816. The first movement in the United States was the
541:
336:
159:
131:
4371:
1333:
5970:
5964:
5793:
5694:
5377:
5313:
5291:
2506:
2211:
2180:
1631:. Opposition to the war moved from college campuses to middle-class suburbs, government institutions, and
1470:
1384:
1365:
1226:
1169:
1073:
880:
674:
621:
577:
565:
482:
474:
392:
368:
151:
6251:
4010:
3183:
2952:
2148:
After World War II, peace efforts in the United Kingdom were initially focused on the dissolution of the
1677:(1949â1990) was a leading organizer of the Canadian peace movement, particularly under the leadership of
757:. In 1909, Gandhi and Tolstoy began a correspondence about the practical and theological applications of
5938:
5788:
5553:
3635:
Robert McKenzie, "Power in the Labour Party: The Issue of 'Intra-Party Democracy'", in Dennis Kavanagh,
2258:
2157:
2087:
1967:
1772:
1678:
1616:
1555:
1263:
1193:
1123:
726:
506:
442:
340:
266:
95:
3865:
4841:
Social protest and policy change: Ecology, antinuclear, and peace movements in comparative perspective
4452:
1892:'s visit to Jerusalem, when it was felt that an opportunity for peace could be missed. Prime Minister
879:
after the war. In addition to the peace churches, groups which protested against the war included the
6526:
6466:
6456:
6426:
5808:
5719:
4821:
Costin, Lela B. "Feminism, pacifism, internationalism and the 1915 International Congress of Women."
4654:
2106:
2091:
1517:
1369:
1273:
1069:
1051:
1002:
735:(1869â1948) was one of the 20th century's most influential spokesmen for peace and non-violence, and
699:
666:
494:
1156:, pacifist and anti-war sentiment declined in nations affected by the war. The communist-controlled
943:
6167:
6141:
5881:
5866:
5861:
5851:
5818:
5608:
5603:
5541:
4961:
4698:
3983:
3383:
2551:
2481:
2275:
2250:
2099:
1954:
1875:
1768:
1752:
1410:, indicated that above-ground nuclear testing posed significant public health risks in the form of
1338:
1303:
1081:
749:
698:). The book was published in 37 editions and translated into 12 languages. She helped organize the
629:
526:
437:
406:
111:
3603:
2398:
was founded in late 2005. By August 2007, fears of an imminent United States or Israeli attack on
2330:
525:, who proposed the formation of a peace association in 1789. One representative of the latter was
6385:
5927:
5901:
5856:
5689:
5648:
5568:
3702:
3608:
2908:
2887:
2568:
2516:
2363:
2141:
2024:
1897:
1620:
1330:. During the late 1950s and early 1960s, anti-nuclear marches attracted large numbers of people.
1208:
1077:
1006:
975:
961:
754:
690:
685:
647:
316:
5224:
Talini, Giulio. "Saint-Pierre, British pacifism and the quest for perpetual peace (1693â1748)."
5144:
Oppenheimer, Andrew. "West German Pacifism and the Ambivalence of Human Solidarity, 1945â1968."
4983:
The origins of war prevention: the British peace movement and international relations, 1730-1854
4935:
3428:
at Peace Pledge Union, and but also discussed in detail in articles in Einstein, Albert (1954),
3418:
3365:
2750:
The Origins of War Prevention: The British Peace Movement and International Relations, 1730â1854
1215:(who remained active during the German occupation) died in concentration camps. Austrian farmer
118:
political candidates, supporting legislation to remove profits from government contracts to the
4147:
Victor Huard, "The Canadian Peace Congress and the Challenge to Postwar Consensus, 1948â1953."
1360:
276:
The peace movement is characterized by the belief that humans should not wage war or engage in
6314:
6281:
6187:
5573:
5352:
5329:
5306:
5257:
5243:
5159:
5128:
5028:
5014:
4904:
4872:
4848:
Power and the Pursuit of Peace: Theory and Practice in the History of Relations between States
4191:
3681:
3661:
Frank E. Myers, "Civil Disobedience and Organizational Change: The British Committee of 100",
3548:
3544:
3507:
3455:
3433:
3314:
3273:
3153:
Power and the Pursuit of Peace: Theory and Practice in the History of Relations between States
3123:
3117:
3067:
3061:
3027:
2995:
2961:
2862:
2823:
2799:
2754:
2735:
Power and the Pursuit of Peace: Theory and Practice in the History of Relations between States
2713:
Power and the Pursuit of Peace: Theory and Practice in the History of Relations between States
2603:
2388:
2294:
2271:
2203:
1996:
1714:
1670:
1624:
1431:
1423:
1403:
1093:
1047:
1010:
983:
978:" alleging the promotion of war by armaments makers, based on a widely read nonfiction exposé
876:
818:
793:
246:"movement" consisting of relatively-scattered ideological priorities ranging from pacifism to
20:
2227:
the following year by the "Network for Peace", set up to continue the NPC's networking role.
2183:) sought to transform production at Lucas Aerospace from arms to socially-useful production.
6503:
6494:
6375:
6289:
6197:
5921:
5876:
5754:
5548:
5531:
5467:
5447:
5442:
5387:
4619:"We must reject and resist those that seek to conquer and control' Peters says at Gallipoli"
4400:"New Zealand to extend NZDF deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan and 3 peacekeeping missions"
2924:
Richard R. Laurence, "Bertha von Suttner and the peace movement in Austria to World War I".
2471:
2095:
2078:
In response to these events, a peace movement emerged, starting from grassroots groups like
2052:
2019:
1971:
1963:
1525:
1491:
1479:
1430:. On the day that the treaty went into force, the Nobel Prize Committee awarded Pauling the
1427:
1350:
1311:
1173:
1119:
1061:
904:
599:
The London Peace Society's influence began to grow during the mid-nineteenth century. Under
410:
281:
277:
251:
191:
175:
135:
5192:
Saunders, Malcolm. "The origins and early years of the Melbourne Peace Society 1899/1914."
5185:
Ritchie, J. M. "Germanyâa peace-loving nation? A Pacifist Tradition in German Literature."
4731:
2435:, to be resolved through peaceful means" and for Israel, "as the only Middle Eastern state
6520:
6354:
5457:
5039:
Imperial Germany and a World Without War: The Peace Movement and German Society, 1892-1914
4990:
Semi-detached idealists: the British peace movement and international relations, 1854-1945
4689:
4623:
4034:
3994:
3965:
3849:
3825:
3718:
3425:
3296:
3190:
2795:
2411:
2380:
2355:
2056:
1905:
1760:
1609:
1598:
1419:
1411:
1185:
1172:, a number of small religious and socialist groups continued their opposition to the war.
1042:
825:
569:
554:
285:
265:, including the right of all people to have access to clean air, water, food, shelter and
127:
79:
3311:
Radical Pacifism: The War Resisters League and Gandhian Nonviolence in America, 1915â1963
2086:
In 1973, the 'Battle of Harewood' saw individuals from peace movements protesting at two
1669:
in 1931 on pacifist grounds. Macphail was also the first female Canadian delegate to the
650:
and the Crimean War, the movement began to spread across Europe and infiltrate fledgling
497:, promoted peace as the rational antidote to the world's ills; the other was part of the
5051:
Cooper, Sandi E. "Pacifism in France, 1889-1914: international peace as a human right."
1747:
across Europe. Peace sometimes played a significant role in policy-making; in 2002, the
611:
in London in 1843. The congress decided on two goals: to achieve the ideal of peaceable
45:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
6627:
6593:
6349:
6309:
6244:
6006:
5825:
5588:
5558:
5452:
5437:
5392:
4969:
Radical Pacifism: The War Resisters League and Gandhian Nonviolence in America, 1915â45
4851:
4829:
2176:
2149:
2114:
1940:
1928:
1893:
1764:
1658:
1292:
1101:
987:
833:
753:
in 1908, which said that the Indian people could overthrow colonial rule only through
732:
718:
678:
522:
498:
458:
457:
gave rise to a number of Protestant sects beginning in the 16th century, including the
398:
328:
312:
270:
258:
155:
3697:
673:, the first international organization for the arbitration of conflicts, in 1889. The
6606:
6339:
6334:
6304:
5953:
5891:
5871:
5798:
5773:
5578:
4241:
4075:
3958:
3171:
2574:
2423:
2419:
2015:
1944:
1936:
1748:
1744:
1689:
1594:
1567:
1566:. Some within the movement advocated a unilateral withdrawal of American forces from
1395:
1327:
1242:
1234:
1230:
1212:
1025:
965:
864:
837:
771:
702:
and became known internationally as the editor of the international pacifist journal
658:
651:
604:
600:
589:
546:
514:
360:
139:
3452:
Lest Innocent Blood Be Shed: The Story of Le Chambon and How Goodness Happened There
3164:
2274:
began the longest uninterrupted peace vigil in U.S. history. He was later joined at
2031:
to Jerusalem. In May 2017, Women Wage Peace had over 20,000 members and supporters.
1573:
Opposition to the Vietnam War aimed to unite groups opposed to U.S. anti-communism,
6543:
6319:
5906:
5744:
5598:
5536:
5502:
5472:
5231:
VaĂŻsse, Maurice. "A certain idea of peace in France from 1945 to the present day."
5173:
5156:
A Just and Lasting Peace: The U.S. Peace Movement from the Cold War to Desert Storm
4540:
3988:
A rebirth of the anti-nuclear weapons movement? Portents of an anti-nuclear upsurge
2634:
2447:
2407:
2376:
2359:
2283:
2060:
2040:
1917:
1901:
1732:
1722:
1632:
1462:
1407:
1204:
1177:
1161:
1153:
617:
502:
478:
447:
262:
243:
5211:
3842:
5044:
Clinton, Michael. "Coming to Terms with 'Pacifism': The French Case, 1901â1918."
4942:
A World Divided: The Global Struggle for Human Rights in the Age of Nation States
4293:"Operation Protective Fast: Striving for peace between Israelis and Palestinians"
2989:
2817:
836:. They argued that by its nature, war was a type of governmental coercion of the
409:. The movement was promoted at a number of subsequent church councils, including
6572:
6359:
6324:
5916:
5653:
5618:
5583:
5563:
5477:
5252:
Ziemann, Benjamin. "German Pacifism in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries."
5137:
Lukowitz, David C. "British pacifists and appeasement: the Peace Pledge Union."
4802:
Pioneers for Peace: Women's International League for Peace and Freedom 1915-1965
3503:
2668:
2618:
2591:
2466:
2403:
2384:
2309:
2153:
2048:
2000:
1975:
1950:
1889:
1863:
1788:
1582:
1574:
1563:
1475:
1454:
1388:
1319:
1238:
1109:
931:
884:
758:
744:
625:
612:
588:
describing the horrors of war and advocating pacifism on Christian grounds. The
454:
356:
352:
320:
233:
195:
183:
87:
4269:"These Israeli women marched from the Lebanese border to Jerusalem. Here's why"
4186:
Benjamin Ziemann, "German Pacifism in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries."
3564:
3103:
The Essential Gandhi: An Anthology of His Writings on His Life, Work, and Ideas
3100:
2691:
1536:
to United Nations headquarters calling for the elimination of nuclear weapons.
580:, which held weekly meetings and produced literature that was spread as far as
5948:
5760:
5638:
5623:
5613:
5432:
5298:
5063:
Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique. French Journal of British Studies
4202:
Wilfried von Bredow, "The Peace Movement in the Federal Republic of Germany",
2628:
2624:
2586:
2579:
2266:
2207:
2199:
2064:
2044:
1988:
1979:
1578:
927:
916:
915:
Peace promotion was a major activity of American automaker and philanthropist
856:
714:
470:
364:
348:
147:
107:
5066:
2792:
The Long Road to Greenham: Feminism and Anti-Militarism in Britain since 1820
1021:
did successfully limit naval armaments of the major powers during the 1920s.
930:
to Europe, to help end the raging World War. He brought 170 peace activists;
5886:
5372:
4714:"The Oracles of Pennsylvania Avenue - Al Jazeera World - Al Jazeera English"
3589:
3290:
2343:
2261:
accelerated military spending and adopted a tough stance toward Russia, the
2172:
2128:
1958:
1910:
1885:
1867:
1628:
1533:
1466:
1323:
1220:
829:
654:
581:
228:
It is often unclear whether a movement, or a particular protest, is against
143:
99:
62:
5085:
Fontanel, Jacques. "An underdeveloped peace movement: The case of France."
2991:
The origins of nonviolence: Tolstoy and Gandhi in their historical settings
2304:
During the 1990s, peacemaker priorities included seeking a solution to the
2008:
843:
242:
in early 2003 are an example of a specific, short-term, loosely affiliated
4999:
Ceadel, Martin. "The First British Referendum: The Peace Ballot, 1934-5."
4869:
Revolutionary Peacemaking: Writings for a Culture of Peace and Nonviolence
4675:
3830:
Profiles in Power: The Anti-nuclear Movement and the Dawn of the Solar Age
810:
6294:
5975:
5628:
4160:
Joanne Dufay and Sheena Lambert, "Women in the Canadian Peace Alliance."
2541:
2320:
2298:
2191:
1586:
1380:
867:
published "The Way to Disarm: A Practical Proposal", an editorial in the
736:
633:
422:
414:
344:
307:
The peace movement opposes the proliferation of dangerous technology and
297:
293:
289:
247:
229:
203:
199:
187:
179:
171:
115:
91:
4976:'The truest form of patriotism': Pacifist feminism in Britain, 1870-1902
4108:
David Cortright, "Assessing peace movement effectiveness in the 1980s."
3911:
Hundreds of Marchers Hit Washington in Finale of Nationwaide Peace March
3335:
1978:, Labour Party secretary-general until he broke with the Prime Minister
1939:
for his hard-line stance. After Rabin became prime minister, signed the
561:
demonstrations were held, and peace literature was widely disseminated.
4028:
A-bomb survivors join 25,000-strong anti-nuclear march through New York
3677:"Dagmar Wilson dies at 94; organizer of women's disarmament protesters"
3352:
2912:
2891:
1984:
1855:
1813: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1608:
into a riot. News reports of American military abuses such as the 1968
1192:
helped to conceal hundreds of Jews fleeing the Nazis in the village of
462:
461:. Foremost among these churches were the Religious Society of Friends (
426:
418:
375:
324:
301:
103:
5111:
5056:
5004:
4427:"Yusuf Islam, Cat Stevens, donates actual peace train to Christchurch"
319:. Many adherents object to the export of weapons (including hand-held
90:. Some of the methods used to achieve these goals include advocacy of
5896:
5846:
5593:
5523:
4080:
European HistoryâGender History,â Themenportal EuropĂ€ische Geschichte
3204:
The public image of Henry Ford: An American folk hero and his company
2290:
1921:
1879:
1859:
1461:
On June 12, 1982, one million people demonstrated in New York City's
1307:
766:
511:
Extrait du Projet de Paix Perpetuelle de Monsieur l'Abbe Saint-Pierre
5094:
Opposition to War: An Encyclopedia of US Peace and Antiwar Movements
5061:
Davis, Richard. "The British Peace Movement in the Interwar Years."
4809:
Peace movements: International protest and world politics since 1945
1112:(despite volunteering for service on the Republican side) published
5199:
Socknat, Thomas P. "Canada's Liberal Pacifists and the Great War."
6267:
5633:
5217:
Strong-Boag, Veronica. "Peace-making women: Canada 1919â1939." in
4859:
The Invention of Peace: Reflections on War and International Order
4694:"From Lafayette Square Lookout, He Made His War Protest Permanent"
3184:
Chatfield, Charles, âEncyclopedia of American Foreign Policyâ 2002
2655:
The Invention of Peace: Reflections on War and International Order
2329:
2244:
2210:. By early 2003, the peace and anti-war movements (grouped as the
2185:
2119:
2079:
1737:
1704:
1549:
1448:
1438:
in 1974; he was president of the scientific advisory board of the
1359:
1332:
1267:
1181:
1139:
942:
842:
809:
713:
637:
585:
540:
466:
436:
296:. Long-term opponents of war are characterized by the belief that
207:
61:
4064:
Mobilizing for Peace: The Antinuclear Movements in Western Europe
3313:
by Scott H. Bennett. New York, Syracuse University Press, 2003,
646:
Support decreased during the resurgence of militarism during the
632:, the first peace congress on the European continent was held in
82:
which seeks to achieve ideals such as the ending of a particular
4945:
4217:"The Second Intifada: A defining event that reshaped the nation"
2399:
1755:
to oppose German involvement in Iraq. The Greens controlled the
1718:
1710:
1513:
6240:
5302:
5279:
Not in Our Name: American Antiwar Speeches, 1846 to the Present
863:
was established in the United States to promote similar goals.
706:
In 1905 she became the first woman to win a Nobel Peace Prize.
351:
have destructive potential. The peace movement intersects with
5168:
Pugh, Michael. "Pacifism and politics in Britain, 1931â1935."
4014:
2011:
in weekly marches to protest the village's land confiscation.
1782:
83:
25:
5208:
Gandhi's dilemma: Nonviolent principles and nationalist power
3499:
In Solitary Witness: The Life and Death of Franz JÀgerstÀtter
3165:
Pacifism vs. Patriotism in Women's Organizations in the 1920s
4736:
Campaign Against Sanctions and Military Intervention in Iran
3869:
3230:"Examining the American peace movement prior to World War I"
3088:
The Impossible Indian: Gandhi and the Temptation of Violence
2903:
Eric W. Sager, "The Social Origins of Victorian Pacifism".
2782:
by Peter Brock. Toronto, Thistle Printing, 1994. (pp. 38-9).
2396:
Campaign Against Sanctions and Military Intervention in Iran
2334:
Protesters against the Iraq War in Washington, D.C., in 2007
1991:. Its main achievement was the opening of dialogue with the
4732:"For a Middle East free of all Weapons of Mass Destruction"
4121:
Hania Fedorowicz, "East-West Dialogue: Detente from Below"
501:
which had played an important role in the campaign for the
5240:
Rebels Against War: The American Peace Movement, 1933â1983
5125:
Peace People: A History of Peace Activities in New Zealand
1546:
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
4901:
Peace Action in the Eighties: Social Science Perspectives
3927:
438 "Protesters are Arrested at Nevada Nuclear Test Site"
2937:
M. M. Sankhdher, "Gandhism: A Political Interpretation",
1310:
1958. Several thousand people marched for four days from
70:, a German journal of the peace movement, issue #11, 1913
6236:
3257:
The people's tycoon: Henry Ford and the American century
3244:
The people's tycoon: Henry Ford and the American century
1858:, particularly since the 1948 formation of the state of
257:
Elements of the global peace movement seek to guarantee
5101:
The American Peace Movement: History and Historiography
3806:. Oregon State University Libraries Special Collections
3770:. Oregon State University Libraries Special Collections
3747:. Oregon State University Libraries Special Collections
3119:
Gandhi's passion: the life and legacy of Mahatma Gandhi
1465:
against nuclear weapons and for an end to the Cold War
3454:
Philip P. Hallie, (1979) New York: Harper & Row,
1999:. They and members of other Israeli movements such as
1896:
acknowledged that on the eve of his departure for the
1013:
convened several disarmament conferences, such as the
684:
In the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the novelist Baroness
397:
The first mass peace movements were the Peace of God (
5292:
Nonviolent Action Network â Nonviolent Action Network
4136:
Canada's RMC: A History of the Royal Military College
1970:
General Staff during the 1967 Six-Day War; economist
1032:
on American business if other countries went to war.
792:
Gandhi's views were criticized in Britain during the
2882:
Gavin B. Henderson, "The Pacifists of the Fifties".
1453:
1981 protest in Amsterdam against the deployment of
1080:
in 1934, renouncing war and aggression. The idea of
889:
International Committee of Women for Permanent Peace
6565:
6542:
6487:
6480:
6414:
6368:
6274:
6150:
6015:
5944:
Non Violent Resistance (psychological intervention)
5839:
5662:
5516:
5340:
5281:(Pennsylvania State University Press, 2012). 287 pp
4883:
The Palgrave handbook of global approaches to peace
3884:
Far Left of Center: The American Radical Left Today
2960:. Long Beach, California: Long Beach Publications.
1888:was founded in the aftermath of Egyptian President
5508:Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
5194:Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society
4404:The official website of the New Zealand Government
3347:John Edward Wiltz, "The Nye Committee Revisited."
3270:The Odyssey of Henry Ford and the Great Peace Ship
2614:Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
1530:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
1219:was executed in 1943 for refusing to serve in the
999:Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
743:Gandhi was strongly influenced by the pacifism of
5110:17#3 (1984) pp. 355â384 DOI: 10.2307/493146
4903:(New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1990).
4011:"International Conference on Nuclear Disarmament"
2502:International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
261:by ending war and ensure what they view as basic
240:Global protests against the U.S. invasion of Iraq
5025:The American Peace Movement: Ideals and Activism
4881:Kulnazarova, Aigul, and Vesselin Popovski, eds.
3866:"1982 - a million people march in New York City"
3698:"Dagmar Wilson, Anti-Nuclear Leader, Dies at 94"
3626:, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1973, p. 64.
3506:. Springfield, Illinois: Templegate Publishers.
2537:Opposition to the War in Afghanistan (2001â2021)
1916:Peace Now advocates a negotiated peace with the
1692:. The CPA opposed Canada's participation in the
1484:Great Peace March for Global Nuclear Disarmament
1346:previously put their hopes in the Labour Party.
1126:in the event of a fascist invasion or takeover.
333:Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
16:Social movement against a particular war or wars
5242:(Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1984).
4777:"How Partisanship Killed the Anti-War Movement"
2688:"Quaker Traditions of Pacifism and Nonviolence"
2156:by the United States and the Soviet Union. The
1743:After 1989, the ideal of peace was espoused by
1623:laws. They were fueled by a growing network of
1510:International Conference on Nuclear Disarmament
1349:Two years after the CND's formation, president
616:securing a commitment for arbitration from the
19:For a movement to end a specific conflict, see
4651:"The University of Alabama-Bounds Law Library"
3206:(Wayne State University Press, 1976) p. 78â92.
2278:in Washington, D.C. by anti-nuclear activists
1554:Protesters against the Vietnam War prepare to
6252:
5959:Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces
5314:
5272:Nonviolence in America: A documentary history
4890:Encyclopedia of violence, peace, and conflict
3790:Global Fission: The Battle Over Nuclear Power
3528:Global Fission: The Battle Over Nuclear Power
3406:Nonviolence in America: a documentary history
2198:The peace movement was later associated with
1866:. The mainstream peace movement in Israel is
8:
4915:Troublesome People: The Warriors of Pacifism
4888:Kurtz, Lester R., and Jennifer Turpin, eds.
4758:"How Obama demobilized the antiwar movement"
3048:Geary's Guide to the World's Great Aphorists
5023:Chatfield, Charles. with Robert Kleidman.
1196:. After the war, the Trocmés were declared
947:Refugees from the Spanish Civil War at the
665:in London. Cremer and the French economist
6484:
6259:
6245:
6237:
5321:
5307:
5299:
3943:"493 Arrested at Nevada Nuclear Test Site"
3804:"Notes by Linus Pauling. October 10, 1963"
3665:, Vol. 86, No. 1. (Mar., 1971), pp. 92â112
3648:, Bertrand Russell, "Civil Disobedience",
3604:"Early defections in march to Aldermaston"
3289:Engelbrecht, H.C.; Hanighen, F.C. (1934).
3219:(Charles Scribner's Sons, 1957) pp 26â54.
2492:International Fellowship of Reconciliation
2477:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
2437:suspected of possession of nuclear weapons
2241:Opposition to military action against Iran
1490:protests and peace camps were held at the
1287:(CND) held an inaugural public meeting at
1272:A nuclear fireball during a United States
926:In late 1915, Ford sponsored and funded a
5912:Global Day of Action on Military Spending
4175:A history of the peace movement in Canada
3717:Louise Zibold Reiss (November 24, 1961).
2851:"Gustave Moynier and the peace societies"
2206:moved to the center under Prime Minister
2073:atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1854:conflicts have existed since the dawn of
1829:Learn how and when to remove this message
1499:atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1383:, about 50,000 women brought together by
1017:. They achieved very little. However the
505:. Representatives of the former included
5127:(Christchurch, NZ: Hazard Press, 1992).
5103:(American Historical Association, 1985).
4917:(Bethesda, MD: Adler & Adler, 1987).
3979:
3977:
3565:"Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND)"
3539:John Minnion and Philip Bolsover (eds.)
3522:
3520:
3217:Ford: Expansion and Challenge, 1915â1933
3122:. Oxford University Press. p. 197.
2859:International Committee of the Red Cross
951:children's refuge in the French Pyrenees
710:Mahatma Gandhi and nonviolent resistance
5099:Howlett, Charles F., and Glen Zeitzer.
4830:Gustave Moynier and the peace societies
4816:Peace: A history of movements and ideas
2994:. Pennsylvania State University Press.
2954:Mahatma Gandhi and Leo Tolstoy: Letters
2819:Peace: A History of Movements and Ideas
2646:
1767:, whose opposition was decisive in the
1516:in February 2008, was organized by the
5644:Soviet influence on the peace movement
5270:Lynd, Staughton, and Alice Lynd, eds.
4541:"1973 â key events: other 1973 events"
4242:"Mission Statement | Women Wage Peace"
4097:A History of Europe since World War II
3896:1,400 Anti-nuclear protesters arrested
3447:
3445:
3408:, Bobbs-Merrill, 1966, (PPS. 271â296).
2609:Soviet influence on the peace movement
2027:'s residence and a protest march from
2023:strike outside Israeli Prime Minister
1935:; the group attacked Defence Minister
1207:were treated harshly. German pacifist
891:(ICWPP) (also organized in 1915), the
840:for the benefit of capitalist elites.
778:The Story of My Experiments with Truth
485:and not pay the alternative ÂŁ10 fine.
359:, and with mainstream critics such as
5831:World March for Peace and Nonviolence
5027:(New York: Twayne Publishers, 1992).
4834:International Review of the Red Cross
4800:Bussey, Gertrude, and Margaret Tims.
4339:
4337:
4263:
4261:
3886:Transaction Publishers, 1988, p. 150.
3530:, Oxford University Press, pp. 96-97.
2855:International Review of the Red Cross
2690:. Stanford University. Archived from
1731:During the Cold War (1947â1989), the
1316:Atomic Weapons Research Establishment
1176:said that the necessity of defeating
7:
5988:Third Party Non-violent Intervention
5118:The British Peace Movement 1870-1914
4978:(Manchester University Press, 2003).
4944:(Princeton University Press, 2019).
3215:Allan Nevins and Frank Ernest Hill,
2338:American activist groups, including
1811:adding citations to reliable sources
1771:resolution to limit support for the
1306:, organized by the CND, was held on
1260:History of the anti-nuclear movement
6583:List of Nobel Peace Prize laureates
6515:Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE)
5221:(Routledge, 2019) pp. 170â191.
5080:American Nineteenth Century History
5041:(Princeton University Press, 2015).
4823:Women's Studies International Forum
4818:(Cambridge University Press, 2008).
4138:(University of Toronto Press, 1969)
3696:Hevesi, Dennis (January 23, 2011).
3624:Direct Action and Liberal Democracy
2402:had increased to such a level that
2098:spy-base and the unrest during the
2018:, a group of Israeli women founded
1661:was the first woman elected to the
1606:1968 Democratic National Convention
1376:directly related to war and peace.
681:in London in July and August 1908.
6213:Peacebuilding in Jammu and Kashmir
6110:Anti-war protests in Russia (2014)
5398:Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp
5294:Database of 300 nonviolent methods
5158:(Chicago: The Noble Press, 1991).
5013:(New York: Schocken Books, 1973).
4482:"The nuclear -freeing of Rangiora"
3802:Linus Pauling (October 10, 1963).
3766:Thomas Hager (November 29, 2007).
3743:Thomas Hager (November 29, 2007).
2951:Murthy, B. Srinivasa, ed. (1987).
2462:American Friends Service Committee
2289:In response to Iraq's invasion of
1627:and large rock festivals, such as
1469:. It was the largest anti-nuclear
1440:World Union for Protection of Life
1144:An April 1940 peace strike at the
1019:Washington conference of 1921-1922
901:American Friends Service Committee
549:, a prominent advocate of pacifism
483:not to serve in an army or militia
14:
6472:List of periods of regional peace
5705:International Day of Non-Violence
5363:Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions
4843:(Rowman & Littlefield, 2004).
4597:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
4571:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
4545:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
4489:Disarmament & Security Centre
4460:Disarmament & Security Centre
3998:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
3832:, Twayne Publishers, pp. 191-192.
3792:, Oxford University Press, p. 98.
3301:(free to download as pdf or epub)
2849:André Durand (October 31, 1996).
2007:joining Palestinian villagers in
1993:Palestine Liberation Organization
1436:International League of Humanists
893:American Union Against Militarism
847:A World War I-era peace protester
669:were the founding fathers of the
607:, the society convened the first
6115:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
4992:(Oxford University Press, 2000)
4985:(Oxford University Press, 1996).
4836:(1996), no. 314, p. 532â550
4775:Gene Healy (December 14, 2015).
3675:Woo, Elaine (January 30, 2011).
3637:The Politics of the Labour Party
3090:(Harvard University Press; 2012)
2627:
2441:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
2039:Notable peace activists include
1787:
1667:Royal Military College of Canada
1619:, which had organized to oppose
1444:Dubrovnik-Philadelphia Statement
1285:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
1122:devised plans for a campaign of
568:, founded in 1815 by theologian
30:
5488:Social Democratic Party (Japan)
5139:Journal of Contemporary History
4795:Encyclopedia of peace education
4756:Brad Plumer (August 29, 2013).
4511:"Police Response to Antarctica"
4051:Journal of Contemporary History
4013:. February 2008. Archived from
3571:from the original on 2011-05-14
2564:Peace Organisation of Australia
1798:needs additional citations for
1597:, opposed the war based on the
1416:Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
5408:List of pacifist organisations
4425:Reid, Joy (4 September 2022).
4297:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
4221:The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com
3959:Anti-Nuke Protests in New York
3386:. The New York Review of books
3106:2002 (reprint edition) p. 311.
2988:Green, Martin Burgess (1986).
2822:. Cambridge University Press.
2512:List of anti-war organizations
2111:sinking of the Rainbow Warrior
1874:), which tends to support the
1379:In 1961, at the height of the
1115:The Iliad or the Poem of Force
1057:All Quiet on the Western Front
883:(organized in 1915 and led by
636:in 1848; a second was held in
1:
4958:Pacifism in the United States
4922:Journal of Ecumenical Studies
3567:. Spartacus-Educational.com.
3488:Brock and Socknat, pp. 402-3.
2780:Pacifism to 1914: an overview
2547:Pacifism in the United States
2348:Iraq Veterans Against the War
2237:Pacifism in the United States
2220:Protests against the Iraq War
576:. The groups merged into the
499:evangelical religious revival
331:to developing countries. The
5814:World Peace Bell Association
5715:Dialogue Among Civilizations
5418:New Socialist Party of Japan
5403:Iraq War resisters in Canada
5368:Coalition of Women for Peace
5274:(3rd ed. Orbis Books, 2018).
4871:(Democratic Thought, 2019).
4804:(Oxford: Alden Press, 1980).
4453:"Sumner Peace Group History"
4345:"Christchurch: A Peace City"
3246:(Vintage, 2009), pp 236-237.
2340:United for Peace and Justice
2314:Fellowship of Reconciliation
1900:with Sadat and US President
1681:(its president until 1971).
1494:during the 1980s and 1990s.
1168:declined after the Japanese
1098:Fellowship of Reconciliation
995:War Resisters' International
970:Neutrality Acts of the 1930s
949:War Resisters' International
897:Fellowship of Reconciliation
723:Indian independence movement
609:International Peace Congress
6623:History of social movements
6618:Counterculture of the 1960s
6396:Environmental peacebuilding
6172:
5982:The whole world is watching
5750:Peace & Love (festival)
5700:Imagine Piano Peace Project
5210:(St. Martin's Press, 2000)
5201:Journal of Canadian Studies
4885:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2019).
3663:Political Science Quarterly
3332:Journal of Church and State
3066:. SUNY Press. p. 253.
2753:. Oxford University Press.
2497:Service Civil International
2487:Imagine Piano Peace Project
2352:Military Families Speak Out
2306:IsraeliâPalestinian impasse
2169:Vietnam Solidarity Campaign
2005:Anarchists Against the Wall
1843:ArabâIsraeli peace projects
1665:. Macphail objected to the
1283:In the United Kingdom, the
1198:Righteous Among the Nations
1158:American Peace Mobilization
1100:), and individuals such as
677:was founded after the 17th
663:Workman's Peace Association
574:Massachusetts Peace Society
519:Thoughts on Perpetual Peace
309:weapons of mass destruction
220:Human shield action to Iraq
148:conspiracies to create wars
120:militaryâindustrial complex
6649:
6504:Vienna + Moscow Mechanisms
6345:Religion and peacebuilding
6300:Peace and conflict studies
6105:2011 intervention in Libya
5725:List of places named Peace
5710:International Day of Peace
5428:Peace and conflict studies
5348:Anti-nuclear organizations
5073:Journal of Women's History
5011:Peace Movements in America
4955:
4204:Armed Forces & Society
4099:(2nd ed. 2000) pp 159â161.
3432:, New York: Random House,
2559:Peace and conflict studies
2532:Opposition to the Iraq War
2527:Opposition to World War II
2418:(joint 1976 Peace Prize),
2234:
2162:mutual assured destruction
1840:
1648:Peace movements by country
1543:
1257:
1136:Opposition to World War II
1133:
959:
832:groups and movements were
824:Although the onset of the
803:
390:
335:has voiced a concern that
217:
18:
6591:
6221:
5740:Nobel Peace Prize Concert
5735:Mother's Day Proclamation
5685:Dances of Universal Peace
5498:The Women's Peace Crusade
5254:Neue Politische Literatur
5226:History of European Ideas
5180:Gandhi on War & Peace
5087:Journal of Peace Research
5053:French historical studies
5001:English Historical Review
4480:King, Chris (June 1997).
4379:Christchurch City Council
4372:"Road to Peace: Timeline"
4350:Christchurch City Council
4188:Neue Politische Literatur
4177:(Grape Vine Press, 1982).
3334:40#1 (1998), pp. 149â69,
3022:Asirvatham, Eddy (1995).
2926:Austrian History Yearbook
2907:23#2 (1980), pp. 211â36,
2884:Journal of Modern History
2816:Cortright, David (2008).
2667:Daniel Francis Callahan.
2522:Opposition to World War I
1522:Nuclear Threat Initiative
1442:, and a signatory of the
853:League of Nations Society
806:Opposition to World War I
671:Inter-Parliamentary Union
531:French Revolutionary Wars
402:
280:about language, race, or
39:This article needs to be
6406:Territorial peace theory
6401:Infrastructure for Peace
6001:Violence begets violence
5934:Non-aggression principle
5804:The Non-Violence Project
5784:Promoting Enduring Peace
5767:Promoting Enduring Peace
5423:Pacifist Socialist Party
5148:29.3â4 (2004): 353-389.
5120:(Clarendon Press, 2002).
5096:(2 vol. ABC-CLIO, 2018).
5082:10 (Sept. 2009), 247â71.
5009:Chatfield, Charles, ed.
5003:95.377 (1980): 810-839.
4519:University of Canterbury
4509:McCarthy, Peter (2007).
4190:2015.3 (2015): 415-437.
3470:Brock and Young, p. 220.
3370:University of Wellington
3116:Stanley Wolpert (2002).
2412:Mairead Corrigan-Maguire
2310:Voices in the Wilderness
1591:Catholic Worker Movement
1488:Nevada Desert Experience
1289:Central Hall Westminster
1247:Catholic Worker Movement
1146:University of California
1030:laws imposing neutrality
679:Universal Peace Congress
329:leading economic nations
6578:List of peace activists
6391:Democratic peace theory
6381:Complex system approach
6095:Military action in Iran
5730:Monuments and memorials
5680:Concert Yutel for Peace
5483:React, Include, Recycle
5413:List of peace activists
5378:Conscientious objectors
5256:2015.3 (2015): 415-437
5228:46.8 (2020): 1165-1182.
5182:(1986); focus on India.
5092:Hall, Mitchell K., ed.
4892:(Academic Press, 1999).
4451:Persson, Linda (2003).
4095:Cyril E. Black, et al.
3768:"The Right to Petition"
3063:Gandhi and non-violence
3060:William Borman (1986).
2798:. London, Virago, 1989
2747:Ceadel, Martin (1996).
2673:EncyclopĂŠdia Britannica
2597:List of peace activists
2346:(Women Say No To War),
2263:Nuclear Freeze campaign
2190:Protesters against the
1933:Palestinian territories
1757:German Foreign Ministry
1686:Canadian Peace Alliance
1675:Canadian Peace Congress
1400:nuclear weapons testing
1341:protest march in Oxford
1227:Conscientious objectors
1211:and Norwegian pacifist
1166:America First Committee
861:League to Enforce Peace
337:artificial intelligence
6415:Regional peacebuilding
6016:Opposition to specific
5971:Swords to ploughshares
5965:Soldiers are murderers
5358:Anti-war organizations
5196:79.1-2 (1993): 96-114.
5172:23.3 (1980): 641-656.
4924:53.4 (2018): 541-568.
4162:Canadian Woman Studies
4123:Peace Research Reviews
3590:"The history of CND -"
3479:Brock and Young, p.99.
2507:International security
2433:Iran's nuclear program
2335:
2254:
2212:Stop the War Coalition
2195:
2132:
1725:
1625:underground newspapers
1559:
1503:Trident weapons system
1458:
1385:Women Strike for Peace
1372:
1366:Women Strike for Peace
1342:
1276:
1190:André and Magda Trocmé
1170:attack on Pearl Harbor
1149:
974:A popular slogan was "
952:
855:was formed by British
848:
821:
729:
675:National Peace Council
622:Treaty of Paris (1856)
578:American Peace Society
566:New York Peace Society
550:
475:Church of the Brethren
450:
393:Peace and Truce of God
387:Peace and Truce of God
369:environmental movement
71:
6018:wars or their aspects
5939:Nonviolent resistance
5789:Show of Peace Concert
5554:Anti-nuclear movement
5277:Stellato, Jesse, ed.
5238:Wittner, Lawrence S.
5235:18.3 (2004): 331-337.
5187:Oxford German Studies
5089:23.2 (1986): 175-182.
4956:Further information:
4913:Moorehead, Caroline.
4850:(Cambridge UP, 1967)
4567:"Protest and dissent"
4053:56.3 (2021): 563-578.
3843:The Spirit of June 12
3351:23.2 (1961): 211-233
2886:9.3 (1937): 314-341.
2333:
2319:Before and after the
2259:Reagan administration
2248:
2189:
2158:anti-nuclear movement
2152:and the rejection of
2123:
2090:air defence bases at
2088:Operation Deep Freeze
1773:2003 invasion of Iraq
1751:convinced Chancellor
1708:
1679:James Gareth Endicott
1617:civil rights movement
1556:march on the Pentagon
1553:
1452:
1363:
1353:resigned to form the
1336:
1271:
1264:Anti-nuclear movement
1254:Anti-nuclear movement
1194:Le Chambon-sur-Lignon
1143:
1124:nonviolent resistance
946:
846:
813:
727:nonviolent resistance
717:
544:
507:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
440:
341:molecular engineering
300:power does not equal
126:, creating tools for
96:nonviolent resistance
65:
6527:Treaty on Open Skies
6100:Sri Lankan Civil War
5994:Turn the other cheek
5809:University for Peace
5720:List of peace prizes
5189:11.1 (1980): 76-102.
5178:Puri, Rashmi-Sudha.
5154:Peace III, Roger C.
5141:9.1 (1974): 115-127.
4971:(Syracuse UP, 2003).
4932:Women History Review
4867:Jakopovich, Daniel.
4793:Bajaj, Monisha, ed.
4692:(February 8, 2009).
4678:. Network for Peace.
4125:(1991) 11#6 pp 1-80.
3916:, November 16, 1986.
3202:David Lanier Lewis,
2410:(2003 Peace Prize),
2368:The World Can't Wait
2280:ConcepciĂłn Picciotto
2107:Cuban missile crisis
2065:Jools and Lynda Topp
1957:, with an undivided
1807:improve this article
1558:on October 21, 1967.
1540:Vietnam War protests
1518:government of Norway
1406:, co-founded by Dr.
1370:Cuban Missile Crisis
1274:nuclear weapons test
1152:At the beginning of
1070:University of Oxford
1052:Erich Maria Remarque
1003:No More War Movement
873:Viscount James Bryce
700:German Peace Society
657:movements. In 1870,
590:London Peace Society
503:abolition of slavery
495:Age of Enlightenment
6142:Nuclear disarmament
6125:in Russian Far East
5882:Department of Peace
5867:Counter-recruitment
5862:Conflict resolution
5852:Central Park be-ins
5840:Slogans and tactics
5819:Japanese Peace Bell
5609:Non-interventionism
5604:Modern-war pacifism
5542:Christian anarchism
5206:Steger, Manfred B.
5203:18.4 (1984): 30-44.
5075:13.3 (2001): 34-45.
5037:Chickering, Roger.
4962:Pacifism in Germany
4934:2.1 (1993): 23-56.
4762:The Washington Post
4699:The Washington Post
4406:. 17 September 2018
4206:(1982) 9#1 pp 33-48
4151:19.1 (1994): 25-49.
4112:16.1 (1991): 46-63.
4066:(Princeton UP 1988.
4038:Mainichi Daily News
3984:Lawrence S. Wittner
3933:, February 6, 1987.
3384:"War and the Iliad"
3272:(Taplinger, 1967),
3101:Louis Fischer, ed.
2928:23 (1992): 181-201.
2552:Pacifism in Germany
2482:Global peace system
2446:Although President
2422:(Literature 2005),
2373:Bush administration
2293:in 1990, President
2251:St. Paul, Minnesota
2100:1981 Springbok Tour
1848:IsraeliâPalestinian
1769:UN Security Council
1412:radioactive fallout
1164:groups such as the
1082:collective security
881:Woman's Peace Party
750:A Letter to a Hindu
696:Lay Down Your Arms!
545:1880 caricature of
527:William Wilberforce
413:(989 and c. 1028),
407:Carolingian dynasty
112:ethical consumerism
6386:Conflict continuum
6036:American Civil War
5928:Make love, not war
5902:Economic sanctions
5857:Civil disobedience
5690:Festival for Peace
5663:Media and cultural
5649:Testimony of peace
5569:Christian pacifism
5170:Historical Journal
5146:Peace & Change
5065:22.XXII-3 (2017).
5048:26.1 (2001): 1-30.
5046:Peace & Change
4967:Bennett, Scott H.
4895:Marullo, Sam, and
4814:Cortright, David.
4811:(Routledge, 2014).
4149:Peace & Change
4110:Peace & Change
4033:2013-05-12 at the
4000:, 7 December 2007.
3993:2010-06-19 at the
3964:2010-10-31 at the
3947:The New York Times
3931:The New York Times
3848:2019-05-12 at the
3703:The New York Times
3652:, 17 February 1961
3639:, Routledge, 2013.
3609:Guardian Unlimited
3430:Ideas and Opinions
3424:2007-10-09 at the
3292:Merchants of Death
3189:2007-10-14 at the
3155:(1967) pp 269â308.
2724:Hinsley, pp.62-80.
2569:Peace Pledge Union
2517:Make love, not war
2364:Veterans for Peace
2336:
2255:
2249:Anti-war march in
2216:Conservative Party
2196:
2142:Peace Pledge Union
2133:
2025:Benjamin Netanyahu
1966:, a member of the
1726:
1694:war in Afghanistan
1657:Canadian pacifist
1593:. Others, such as
1560:
1459:
1457:missiles in Europe
1418:signed in 1963 by
1373:
1343:
1277:
1217:Franz JÀgerstÀtter
1209:Carl von Ossietzky
1150:
1078:Peace Pledge Union
1007:Peace Pledge Union
980:Merchants of Death
976:merchants of death
962:Merchants of death
953:
849:
822:
785:advise violence."
755:passive resistance
730:
704:Die Waffen nieder!
691:Die Waffen nieder!
686:Bertha von Suttner
648:American Civil War
624:at the end of the
572:, followed by the
551:
451:
317:biological warfare
214:The ideal of peace
156:political lobbying
72:
68:Die Friedens-Warte
6613:Anti-war movement
6600:
6599:
6538:
6537:
6437:Jammu and Kashmir
6315:Peace enforcement
6282:Anti-war movement
6234:
6233:
6137:Military taxation
6007:War tax resisters
5574:Deterrence theory
5353:Anti-war movement
5055:(1991): 359-386.
4877:978-953-55134-2-1
4857:Howard, Michael.
4779:. Cato Institute.
3949:, April 20, 1992.
3872:on June 16, 2010.
3841:Jonathan Schell.
3788:Jim Falk (1982).
3682:Los Angeles Times
3545:Allison and Busby
3526:Jim Falk (1982).
3404:Lynd, Staughton.
3259:(2005) pp 226-40.
3001:978-0-271-00414-3
2905:Victorian Studies
2715:(1967) pp. 46-61.
2604:Right of conquest
2389:guerrilla theatre
2325:February 15, 2003
2295:George H. W. Bush
1997:West Bank barrier
1898:Camp David summit
1839:
1838:
1831:
1715:nuclear arms race
1671:League of Nations
1432:Nobel Peace Prize
1424:Nikita Khrushchev
1404:Baby Tooth Survey
1314:in London to the
1304:Aldermaston March
1094:Spanish Civil War
1088:Spanish Civil War
1048:Richard Aldington
1015:Geneva Conference
1011:League of Nations
984:H. C. Engelbrecht
877:League of Nations
819:Boardman Robinson
794:Battle of Britain
282:natural resources
269:. Activists seek
60:
59:
21:Anti-war movement
6640:
6557:Index by country
6495:Helsinki Accords
6488:post-WWII Europe
6485:
6481:Peace mechanisms
6452:Northern Ireland
6432:IsraelâPalestine
6376:Capitalist peace
6290:Cost of conflict
6261:
6254:
6247:
6238:
6061:list of protests
5922:Lesson of Munich
5877:Demilitarisation
5755:Peace journalism
5549:Anti-imperialism
5532:Anarcho-pacifism
5468:Peace psychology
5448:Peace conference
5443:Peace commission
5388:Culture of Peace
5323:
5316:
5309:
5300:
4988:Ceadel, Martin.
4981:Ceadel, Martin.
4974:Brown, Heloise.
4952:National studies
4828:Durand, André. "
4781:
4780:
4772:
4766:
4765:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4744:
4743:
4728:
4722:
4721:
4716:. Archived from
4710:
4704:
4703:
4686:
4680:
4679:
4672:
4666:
4665:
4663:
4662:
4653:. Archived from
4646:Comment Magazine
4643:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4615:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4589:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4578:
4563:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4552:
4537:
4531:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4515:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4495:
4486:
4477:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4466:
4457:
4448:
4442:
4441:
4439:
4437:
4422:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4396:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4385:
4376:
4368:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4341:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4328:
4313:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4303:
4289:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4279:
4265:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4252:
4246:Women Wage Peace
4238:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4213:
4207:
4200:
4194:
4184:
4178:
4171:
4165:
4158:
4152:
4145:
4139:
4132:
4126:
4119:
4113:
4106:
4100:
4093:
4087:
4073:
4067:
4060:
4054:
4047:
4041:
4025:
4019:
4018:
4007:
4001:
3981:
3972:
3956:
3950:
3940:
3934:
3925:Robert Lindsey.
3923:
3917:
3908:
3902:
3901:, June 21, 1983.
3893:
3887:
3880:
3874:
3873:
3868:. Archived from
3862:
3856:
3839:
3833:
3824:Jerry Brown and
3822:
3816:
3815:
3813:
3811:
3799:
3793:
3786:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3763:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3740:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3729:
3723:
3714:
3708:
3707:
3693:
3687:
3686:
3672:
3666:
3659:
3653:
3646:
3640:
3633:
3627:
3620:
3614:
3613:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3561:
3555:
3537:
3531:
3524:
3515:
3495:
3489:
3486:
3480:
3477:
3471:
3468:
3462:
3449:
3440:
3415:
3409:
3402:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3391:
3380:
3374:
3373:
3362:
3356:
3345:
3339:
3328:
3322:
3308:
3302:
3300:
3286:
3280:
3268:Burnet Hershey,
3266:
3260:
3253:
3247:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3232:. April 6, 2017.
3226:
3220:
3213:
3207:
3200:
3194:
3181:
3175:
3162:
3156:
3149:
3143:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3113:
3107:
3097:
3091:
3084:
3078:
3077:
3057:
3051:
3044:
3038:
3037:
3024:Political Theory
3019:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3008:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2959:
2948:
2942:
2941:(1972) pp. 68â74
2935:
2929:
2922:
2916:
2901:
2895:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2861:. Archived from
2846:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2813:
2807:
2789:
2783:
2777:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2744:
2738:
2737:(1967) pp 13â80.
2731:
2725:
2722:
2716:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2664:
2658:
2653:Michael Howard,
2651:
2637:
2632:
2631:
2472:Capitalist peace
2276:Lafayette Square
2253:, March 19, 2011
2096:Waihopai Station
2092:Harewood Airport
2053:Maire Leadbeater
2020:Women Wage Peace
1964:Mattityahu Peled
1955:pre-1967 borders
1834:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1814:
1791:
1783:
1753:Gerhard Schröder
1709:1981 protest in
1663:House of Commons
1526:Hoover Institute
1492:Nevada Test Site
1480:Washington, D.C.
1428:Harold Macmillan
1355:Committee of 100
1351:Bertrand Russell
1312:Trafalgar Square
1174:Bertrand Russell
1120:Richard B. Gregg
1076:established the
1062:Beverley Nichols
1036:Novels and films
905:Jeannette Rankin
747:. Tolstoy wrote
725:and advocate of
721:, leader of the
421:(994 and 1031),
404:
286:ethical conflict
278:ethnic cleansing
252:Anti-Americanism
192:decentralization
176:environmentalism
136:direct democracy
55:
52:
46:
34:
33:
26:
6648:
6647:
6643:
6642:
6641:
6639:
6638:
6637:
6633:Peace movements
6603:
6602:
6601:
6596:
6587:
6561:
6534:
6521:Vienna Document
6476:
6442:Kurdish/Turkish
6410:
6364:
6355:War termination
6270:
6265:
6235:
6230:
6217:
6146:
6090:Afghanistan War
6041:Second Boer War
6017:
6011:
5835:
5658:
5512:
5458:Peace education
5341:Peace advocates
5336:
5327:
5297:
5288:
5267:
5265:Primary sources
5219:Women and Peace
5108:History Teacher
4964:
4954:
4846:Hinsley, F. H.
4839:Giugni, Marco.
4807:Carter, April.
4789:
4787:Further reading
4784:
4774:
4773:
4769:
4755:
4754:
4750:
4741:
4739:
4730:
4729:
4725:
4712:
4711:
4707:
4690:Colman McCarthy
4688:
4687:
4683:
4674:
4673:
4669:
4660:
4658:
4649:
4644:
4640:
4630:
4628:
4627:. 25 April 2024
4617:
4616:
4612:
4602:
4600:
4591:
4590:
4586:
4576:
4574:
4565:
4564:
4560:
4550:
4548:
4539:
4538:
4534:
4524:
4522:
4513:
4508:
4507:
4503:
4493:
4491:
4484:
4479:
4478:
4474:
4464:
4462:
4455:
4450:
4449:
4445:
4435:
4433:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4409:
4407:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4383:
4381:
4374:
4370:
4369:
4365:
4355:
4353:
4343:
4342:
4335:
4326:
4324:
4315:
4314:
4310:
4301:
4299:
4291:
4290:
4286:
4277:
4275:
4273:Washington Post
4267:
4266:
4259:
4250:
4248:
4240:
4239:
4235:
4226:
4224:
4215:
4214:
4210:
4201:
4197:
4185:
4181:
4172:
4168:
4159:
4155:
4146:
4142:
4133:
4129:
4120:
4116:
4107:
4103:
4094:
4090:
4074:
4070:
4062:Thomas Rochon,
4061:
4057:
4048:
4044:
4035:Wayback Machine
4026:
4022:
4009:
4008:
4004:
3995:Wayback Machine
3982:
3975:
3966:Wayback Machine
3957:
3953:
3941:
3937:
3924:
3920:
3914:Gainesville Sun
3909:
3905:
3894:
3890:
3881:
3877:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3855:, July 2, 2007.
3850:Wayback Machine
3840:
3836:
3826:Rinaldo Brutoco
3823:
3819:
3809:
3807:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3787:
3783:
3773:
3771:
3765:
3764:
3760:
3750:
3748:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3716:
3715:
3711:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3660:
3656:
3647:
3643:
3634:
3630:
3621:
3617:
3602:
3601:
3597:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3574:
3572:
3563:
3562:
3558:
3538:
3534:
3525:
3518:
3496:
3492:
3487:
3483:
3478:
3474:
3469:
3465:
3450:
3443:
3426:Wayback Machine
3419:Albert Einstein
3416:
3412:
3403:
3399:
3389:
3387:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3346:
3342:
3329:
3325:
3309:
3305:
3297:Mises Institute
3288:
3287:
3283:
3267:
3263:
3254:
3250:
3241:
3237:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3214:
3210:
3201:
3197:
3191:Wayback Machine
3182:
3178:
3163:
3159:
3151:F. H. Hinsley,
3150:
3146:
3141:
3137:
3130:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3098:
3094:
3085:
3081:
3074:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3045:
3041:
3034:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3006:
3004:
3002:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2957:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2936:
2932:
2923:
2919:
2902:
2898:
2881:
2877:
2868:
2866:
2848:
2847:
2843:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2796:Jill Liddington
2790:
2786:
2778:
2774:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2733:F. H. Hinsley,
2732:
2728:
2723:
2719:
2711:Hinsley, F. H.
2710:
2706:
2697:
2695:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2666:
2665:
2661:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2633:
2626:
2623:
2457:
2439:", to join the
2381:Janis Karpinski
2356:Not in Our Name
2243:
2233:
2171:, (VSC, led by
2138:
2057:Bunny McDairmid
2037:
2029:Northern Israel
1906:Sinai Peninsula
1845:
1835:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1804:
1792:
1781:
1761:Joschka Fischer
1703:
1655:
1650:
1641:
1639:Europe in 1980s
1610:My Lai massacre
1599:just war theory
1589:groups and the
1548:
1542:
1420:John F. Kennedy
1266:
1256:
1235:draft resisters
1186:Albert Einstein
1138:
1132:
1090:
1043:Death of a Hero
1038:
972:
960:Main articles:
958:
941:
939:Interwar period
913:
826:First World War
808:
802:
712:
630:social upheaval
570:David Low Dodge
555:Napoleonic Wars
539:
491:
435:
425:(c. 1000), and
395:
389:
384:
313:nuclear weapons
311:, particularly
284:, or engage in
259:health security
222:
216:
160:peace activists
128:open government
80:social movement
56:
50:
47:
44:
35:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6646:
6644:
6636:
6635:
6630:
6625:
6620:
6615:
6605:
6604:
6598:
6597:
6592:
6589:
6588:
6586:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6569:
6567:
6563:
6562:
6560:
6559:
6554:
6548:
6546:
6544:Peace treaties
6540:
6539:
6536:
6535:
6533:
6532:
6531:
6530:
6524:
6518:
6509:
6508:
6507:
6498:
6491:
6489:
6482:
6478:
6477:
6475:
6474:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6439:
6434:
6429:
6424:
6418:
6416:
6412:
6411:
6409:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6372:
6370:
6366:
6365:
6363:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6350:Separate peace
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6330:Peace movement
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6310:Peace congress
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6278:
6276:
6272:
6271:
6266:
6264:
6263:
6256:
6249:
6241:
6232:
6231:
6229:
6228:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6203:United Kingdom
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6154:
6152:
6148:
6147:
6145:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6128:
6127:
6122:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6086:
6085:
6080:
6070:
6065:
6064:
6063:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6021:
6019:
6013:
6012:
6010:
6009:
6004:
5997:
5990:
5985:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5843:
5841:
5837:
5836:
5834:
5833:
5828:
5826:Women in Black
5823:
5822:
5821:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5666:
5664:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5589:Green politics
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5559:Antimilitarism
5556:
5551:
5546:
5545:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5526:
5520:
5518:
5514:
5513:
5511:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5463:Peace movement
5460:
5455:
5453:Peace congress
5450:
5445:
5440:
5438:Peace churches
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5393:ECOPEACE Party
5390:
5385:
5383:Counterculture
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5344:
5342:
5338:
5337:
5334:peace movement
5328:
5326:
5325:
5318:
5311:
5303:
5296:
5295:
5287:
5286:External links
5284:
5283:
5282:
5275:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5261:
5250:
5236:
5233:French History
5229:
5222:
5215:
5204:
5197:
5190:
5183:
5176:
5166:
5152:
5142:
5135:
5123:Locke, Elsie.
5121:
5114:
5104:
5097:
5090:
5083:
5076:
5069:
5059:
5049:
5042:
5035:
5021:
5007:
4997:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4953:
4950:
4949:
4948:
4946:online reviews
4938:
4928:
4918:
4911:
4893:
4886:
4879:
4865:
4855:
4844:
4837:
4826:
4819:
4812:
4805:
4798:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4782:
4767:
4748:
4723:
4720:on 2012-07-10.
4705:
4681:
4667:
4648:. (Communist)
4638:
4610:
4584:
4573:. 28 July 2014
4558:
4532:
4501:
4472:
4443:
4417:
4391:
4363:
4333:
4308:
4284:
4257:
4233:
4208:
4195:
4179:
4173:Gary Moffatt,
4166:
4153:
4140:
4127:
4114:
4101:
4088:
4068:
4055:
4042:
4040:, May 4, 2010.
4020:
4017:on 2011-01-04.
4002:
3973:
3971:, May 2, 2005.
3951:
3935:
3918:
3903:
3888:
3882:Harvey Klehr.
3875:
3857:
3834:
3817:
3794:
3781:
3758:
3745:"Strontium-90"
3735:
3709:
3688:
3667:
3654:
3641:
3628:
3622:April Carter,
3615:
3595:
3581:
3556:
3532:
3516:
3490:
3481:
3472:
3463:
3441:
3410:
3397:
3375:
3357:
3340:
3323:
3303:
3281:
3261:
3248:
3242:Steven Watts,
3235:
3221:
3208:
3195:
3176:
3170:2002-11-08 at
3157:
3144:
3135:
3128:
3108:
3092:
3086:Faisal Devji,
3079:
3072:
3052:
3039:
3032:
3014:
3000:
2980:
2966:
2943:
2930:
2917:
2896:
2875:
2841:
2828:
2808:
2784:
2772:
2759:
2739:
2726:
2717:
2704:
2686:Eric Roberts.
2678:
2669:"Peace of God"
2659:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2600:
2599:
2589:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2572:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2416:Betty Williams
2232:
2229:
2177:the Lucas Plan
2150:British Empire
2140:From 1934 the
2137:
2136:United Kingdom
2134:
2115:Winston Peters
2036:
2033:
1941:Oslo Agreement
1929:First Intifada
1894:Menachem Begin
1872:Shalom Akhshav
1841:Main article:
1837:
1836:
1795:
1793:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1765:Jacques Chirac
1702:
1699:
1659:Agnes Macphail
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1544:Main article:
1541:
1538:
1293:Downing Street
1255:
1252:
1134:Main article:
1131:
1128:
1089:
1086:
1037:
1034:
988:F. C. Hanighen
957:
954:
940:
937:
912:
909:
834:antimilitarist
801:
798:
733:Mahatma Gandhi
719:Mahatma Gandhi
711:
708:
667:Frédéric Passy
640:a year later.
538:
535:
523:Jeremy Bentham
490:
487:
459:peace churches
434:
433:Peace churches
431:
391:Main article:
388:
385:
383:
380:
271:social justice
230:war in general
215:
212:
152:demonstrations
140:whistleblowers
76:peace movement
58:
57:
38:
36:
29:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6645:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6610:
6608:
6595:
6590:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6570:
6568:
6564:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6549:
6547:
6545:
6541:
6528:
6525:
6522:
6519:
6516:
6513:
6512:
6510:
6505:
6502:
6501:
6500:human rights
6499:
6496:
6493:
6492:
6490:
6486:
6483:
6479:
6473:
6470:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6419:
6417:
6413:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6373:
6371:
6367:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6340:Peace symbols
6338:
6336:
6335:Peace process
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6305:Peacebuilding
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6277:
6273:
6269:
6262:
6257:
6255:
6250:
6248:
6243:
6242:
6239:
6227:
6224:
6223:
6220:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6208:United States
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6155:
6153:
6149:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6117:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6068:War on Terror
6066:
6062:
6059:
6058:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6031:
6027:
6024:War of 1812 (
6023:
6022:
6020:
6014:
6008:
6005:
6002:
5998:
5995:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5983:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5966:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5954:Peacebuilding
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5929:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5892:Draft evasion
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5872:De-escalation
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5842:
5838:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5820:
5817:
5816:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5774:Peace One Day
5772:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5762:
5758:
5757:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5667:
5665:
5661:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5635:
5632:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5579:Direct action
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5537:Anarcho-punks
5535:
5533:
5530:
5529:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5515:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5503:War resisters
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5345:
5343:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5324:
5319:
5317:
5312:
5310:
5305:
5304:
5301:
5293:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5280:
5276:
5273:
5269:
5268:
5264:
5259:
5255:
5251:
5249:
5248:0-87722-342-4
5245:
5241:
5237:
5234:
5230:
5227:
5223:
5220:
5216:
5213:
5212:online review
5209:
5205:
5202:
5198:
5195:
5191:
5188:
5184:
5181:
5177:
5175:
5171:
5167:
5165:
5164:0-9622683-8-0
5161:
5157:
5153:
5151:
5147:
5143:
5140:
5136:
5134:
5133:0-908790-20-1
5130:
5126:
5122:
5119:
5116:Laity, Paul.
5115:
5113:
5109:
5105:
5102:
5098:
5095:
5091:
5088:
5084:
5081:
5077:
5074:
5070:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5058:
5054:
5050:
5047:
5043:
5040:
5036:
5034:
5033:0-8057-3852-5
5030:
5026:
5022:
5020:
5019:0-8052-0386-9
5016:
5012:
5008:
5006:
5002:
4998:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4984:
4980:
4977:
4973:
4970:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4951:
4947:
4943:
4940:Weitz, Eric.
4939:
4937:
4933:
4929:
4927:
4923:
4919:
4916:
4912:
4910:
4909:0-8135-1561-0
4906:
4902:
4898:
4894:
4891:
4887:
4884:
4880:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4853:
4849:
4845:
4842:
4838:
4835:
4831:
4827:
4825:5#3-4 (1982).
4824:
4820:
4817:
4813:
4810:
4806:
4803:
4799:
4796:
4792:
4791:
4786:
4778:
4771:
4768:
4763:
4759:
4752:
4749:
4737:
4733:
4727:
4724:
4719:
4715:
4709:
4706:
4701:
4700:
4695:
4691:
4685:
4682:
4677:
4671:
4668:
4657:on 2012-08-28
4656:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4639:
4626:
4625:
4620:
4614:
4611:
4599:. 17 May 2017
4598:
4594:
4593:"Last decade"
4588:
4585:
4572:
4568:
4562:
4559:
4546:
4542:
4536:
4533:
4521:
4520:
4512:
4505:
4502:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4473:
4461:
4454:
4447:
4444:
4432:
4428:
4421:
4418:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4392:
4380:
4373:
4367:
4364:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4340:
4338:
4334:
4322:
4318:
4312:
4309:
4298:
4294:
4288:
4285:
4274:
4270:
4264:
4262:
4258:
4247:
4243:
4237:
4234:
4222:
4218:
4212:
4209:
4205:
4199:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4183:
4180:
4176:
4170:
4167:
4163:
4157:
4154:
4150:
4144:
4141:
4137:
4131:
4128:
4124:
4118:
4115:
4111:
4105:
4102:
4098:
4092:
4089:
4085:
4081:
4077:
4076:Belinda Davis
4072:
4069:
4065:
4059:
4056:
4052:
4046:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4032:
4029:
4024:
4021:
4016:
4012:
4006:
4003:
3999:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3985:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3967:
3963:
3960:
3955:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3939:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3922:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3907:
3904:
3900:
3897:
3892:
3889:
3885:
3879:
3876:
3871:
3867:
3861:
3858:
3854:
3851:
3847:
3844:
3838:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3818:
3805:
3798:
3795:
3791:
3785:
3782:
3769:
3762:
3759:
3746:
3739:
3736:
3720:
3713:
3710:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3692:
3689:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3658:
3655:
3651:
3650:New Statesman
3645:
3642:
3638:
3632:
3629:
3625:
3619:
3616:
3612:. 1958-04-05.
3611:
3610:
3605:
3599:
3596:
3591:
3585:
3582:
3570:
3566:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3553:0-85031-487-9
3550:
3546:
3542:
3541:The CND Story
3536:
3533:
3529:
3523:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3512:0-87243-141-X
3509:
3505:
3501:
3500:
3494:
3491:
3485:
3482:
3476:
3473:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3460:0-06-011701-X
3457:
3453:
3448:
3446:
3442:
3439:
3438:0-517-00393-7
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3407:
3401:
3398:
3385:
3379:
3376:
3371:
3367:
3361:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3344:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3319:0-8156-3028-X
3316:
3312:
3307:
3304:
3298:
3294:
3293:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3271:
3265:
3262:
3258:
3252:
3249:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3199:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3180:
3177:
3173:
3172:archive.today
3169:
3166:
3161:
3158:
3154:
3148:
3145:
3139:
3136:
3131:
3129:9780199728725
3125:
3121:
3120:
3112:
3109:
3105:
3104:
3099:reprinted in
3096:
3093:
3089:
3083:
3080:
3075:
3073:9780887063312
3069:
3065:
3064:
3056:
3053:
3049:
3046:James Geary,
3043:
3040:
3035:
3033:81-219-0346-7
3029:
3025:
3018:
3015:
3003:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2984:
2981:
2969:
2967:0-941910-03-2
2963:
2956:
2955:
2947:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2931:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2879:
2876:
2865:on 2016-03-08
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2845:
2842:
2831:
2829:9781139471855
2825:
2821:
2820:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2804:0-86068-688-4
2801:
2797:
2793:
2788:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2773:
2762:
2760:9780198226741
2756:
2752:
2751:
2743:
2740:
2736:
2730:
2727:
2721:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2705:
2694:on 2013-12-03
2693:
2689:
2682:
2679:
2674:
2670:
2663:
2660:
2657:(2001) pp1-6.
2656:
2650:
2647:
2641:
2636:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2575:Peace symbols
2573:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2429:
2425:
2424:Jody Williams
2421:
2420:Harold Pinter
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2332:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2231:United States
2230:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2167:Although the
2165:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2143:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2081:
2076:
2074:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2016:2014 Gaza War
2012:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1972:Ya'akov Arnon
1969:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1945:Yasser Arafat
1942:
1938:
1937:Yitzhak Rabin
1934:
1930:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1862:and the 1967
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1844:
1833:
1830:
1822:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1796:This section
1794:
1790:
1785:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1749:German Greens
1746:
1745:Green parties
1741:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1691:
1690:war on terror
1687:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1595:Stephen Spiro
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1571:
1569:
1568:South Vietnam
1565:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1456:
1451:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1396:Linus Pauling
1392:
1390:
1389:peace protest
1386:
1382:
1377:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1329:
1328:hydrogen bomb
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1261:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1244:
1243:Ammon Hennacy
1240:
1236:
1232:
1231:tax resisters
1228:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:Olaf Kullmann
1210:
1206:
1203:Pacifists in
1201:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1074:Dick Sheppard
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1026:Nye Committee
1022:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
989:
985:
981:
977:
971:
967:
966:Nye Committee
963:
956:Organizations
955:
950:
945:
938:
936:
933:
929:
924:
920:
918:
910:
908:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
865:Hamilton Holt
862:
858:
854:
851:In 1915, the
845:
841:
839:
838:working class
835:
831:
827:
820:
816:
812:
807:
799:
797:
795:
790:
786:
782:
780:
779:
773:
772:nonresistance
769:
768:
762:
760:
756:
752:
751:
746:
741:
738:
734:
728:
724:
720:
716:
709:
707:
705:
701:
697:
693:
692:
687:
682:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
659:Randal Cremer
656:
653:
652:working-class
649:
644:
641:
639:
635:
631:
628:. Wracked by
627:
623:
619:
614:
610:
606:
605:Henry Richard
602:
601:Elihu Burritt
597:
595:
594:William Allen
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
562:
560:
556:
548:
547:Henry Richard
543:
536:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
515:Immanuel Kant
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
488:
486:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
449:
445:
444:
443:Penn's Treaty
439:
432:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
400:
394:
386:
381:
379:
377:
372:
370:
366:
362:
361:Green parties
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
235:
231:
226:
221:
213:
211:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
168:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
138:, supporting
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
114:, supporting
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
69:
64:
54:
42:
37:
28:
27:
22:
6422:ArabâIsraeli
6329:
6320:Peacekeeping
6051:World War II
5907:Flower power
5759:
5599:Isolationism
5473:Peace treaty
5462:
5333:
5278:
5271:
5253:
5239:
5232:
5225:
5218:
5207:
5200:
5193:
5186:
5179:
5169:
5155:
5145:
5138:
5124:
5117:
5107:
5100:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5072:
5062:
5052:
5045:
5038:
5024:
5010:
5000:
4989:
4982:
4975:
4968:
4941:
4931:
4921:
4914:
4900:
4897:John Lofland
4889:
4882:
4868:
4858:
4847:
4840:
4833:
4822:
4815:
4808:
4801:
4797:(IAP, 2008).
4794:
4770:
4761:
4751:
4740:. Retrieved
4738:. 2007-08-06
4726:
4718:the original
4708:
4697:
4684:
4670:
4659:. Retrieved
4655:the original
4645:
4641:
4629:. Retrieved
4622:
4613:
4601:. Retrieved
4596:
4587:
4575:. Retrieved
4570:
4561:
4549:. Retrieved
4547:. 9 May 2018
4544:
4535:
4523:. Retrieved
4517:
4504:
4492:. Retrieved
4488:
4475:
4463:. Retrieved
4459:
4446:
4434:. Retrieved
4430:
4420:
4408:. Retrieved
4403:
4394:
4382:. Retrieved
4378:
4366:
4354:. Retrieved
4348:
4325:. Retrieved
4323:. 2017-05-11
4320:
4311:
4300:. Retrieved
4296:
4287:
4276:. Retrieved
4272:
4249:. Retrieved
4245:
4236:
4225:. Retrieved
4223:. 2020-09-17
4220:
4211:
4203:
4198:
4187:
4182:
4174:
4169:
4161:
4156:
4148:
4143:
4135:
4130:
4122:
4117:
4109:
4104:
4096:
4091:
4079:
4071:
4063:
4058:
4050:
4045:
4037:
4023:
4015:the original
4005:
3997:
3968:
3954:
3946:
3938:
3930:
3921:
3913:
3906:
3899:Miami Herald
3898:
3891:
3878:
3870:the original
3860:
3852:
3837:
3829:
3820:
3810:December 13,
3808:. Retrieved
3797:
3789:
3784:
3774:December 13,
3772:. Retrieved
3761:
3751:December 13,
3749:. Retrieved
3738:
3726:. Retrieved
3712:
3701:
3691:
3680:
3670:
3662:
3657:
3649:
3644:
3636:
3631:
3623:
3618:
3607:
3598:
3584:
3573:. Retrieved
3559:
3540:
3535:
3527:
3497:
3493:
3484:
3475:
3466:
3451:
3429:
3413:
3405:
3400:
3390:29 September
3388:. Retrieved
3378:
3360:
3348:
3343:
3331:
3326:
3310:
3306:
3291:
3284:
3269:
3264:
3256:
3251:
3243:
3238:
3224:
3216:
3211:
3203:
3198:
3179:
3160:
3152:
3147:
3142:Herman, 56-7
3138:
3118:
3111:
3102:
3095:
3087:
3082:
3062:
3055:
3050:(2007) p. 87
3047:
3042:
3023:
3017:
3005:. Retrieved
2990:
2983:
2971:. Retrieved
2953:
2946:
2938:
2933:
2925:
2920:
2904:
2899:
2883:
2878:
2867:. Retrieved
2863:the original
2854:
2844:
2833:. Retrieved
2818:
2811:
2791:
2787:
2779:
2775:
2764:. Retrieved
2749:
2742:
2734:
2729:
2720:
2712:
2707:
2696:. Retrieved
2692:the original
2681:
2662:
2654:
2649:
2635:Peace portal
2448:Barack Obama
2445:
2408:Shirin Ebadi
2393:
2377:Scott Ritter
2360:A.N.S.W.E.R.
2337:
2318:
2303:
2288:
2284:Ellen Thomas
2256:
2225:
2204:Labour Party
2197:
2166:
2147:
2139:
2124:
2104:
2085:
2077:
2069:
2061:Laurie Salas
2041:Sonya Davies
2038:
2013:
1949:
1926:
1918:Palestinians
1915:
1902:Jimmy Carter
1884:
1876:Labour Party
1871:
1852:ArabâIsraeli
1846:
1825:
1816:
1805:Please help
1800:verification
1797:
1742:
1730:
1727:
1723:Soviet Union
1713:against the
1683:
1656:
1642:
1633:labor unions
1614:
1603:
1572:
1561:
1507:
1496:
1463:Central Park
1460:
1408:Louise Reiss
1393:
1378:
1374:
1348:
1344:
1339:anti-nuclear
1301:
1297:
1282:
1278:
1225:
1205:Nazi Germany
1202:
1178:Adolf Hitler
1162:isolationist
1154:World War II
1151:
1130:World War II
1113:
1091:
1065:
1055:
1041:
1039:
1023:
992:
979:
973:
925:
921:
914:
868:
850:
823:
815:The Deserter
814:
791:
787:
783:
776:
765:
763:
748:
742:
731:
703:
695:
689:
683:
645:
642:
618:Great Powers
598:
563:
552:
537:19th century
518:
510:
492:
489:18th century
479:Christianity
452:
448:Edward Hicks
441:
396:
373:
321:machine guns
306:
275:
263:human rights
256:
244:single-issue
238:
227:
223:
166:
164:
132:transparency
124:banning guns
75:
73:
67:
48:
40:
6573:Peaceworker
6506:(1989/1991)
6447:Middle East
6360:World peace
6325:Peacemaking
6198:Switzerland
6183:Netherlands
6056:Vietnam War
6046:World War I
5917:Human Be-In
5654:World peace
5619:Nonviolence
5584:Finvenkismo
5564:Appeasement
5478:Peaceworker
4899:, editors,
4164:9.1 (1988).
3728:October 13,
3504:Gordon Zahn
3026:. S.chand.
2939:Gandhi Marg
2806:(pp. 14-5).
2619:World peace
2592:Peaceworker
2467:Appeasement
2404:Nobel Prize
2385:Dahr Jamail
2200:peace camps
2181:Mike Cooley
2154:imperialism
2049:Elsie Locke
2035:New Zealand
1976:Aryeh Eliav
1951:Gush Shalom
1927:During the
1890:Anwar Sadat
1864:Six-Day War
1733:West German
1621:segregation
1583:colonialism
1575:imperialism
1564:Vietnam War
1476:Los Angeles
1455:Pershing II
1402:. The 1961
1368:during the
1364:Members of
1320:Aldermaston
1239:Dorothy Day
1110:Simone Weil
1106:Amparo Poch
1102:José Brocca
1009:(PPU). The
982:(1934), by
932:Jane Addams
885:Jane Addams
869:Independent
817:(1916), by
800:World War I
759:nonviolence
745:Leo Tolstoy
661:formed the
626:Crimean War
613:arbitration
553:During the
455:Reformation
446:(1847), by
357:primitivism
353:Neo-Luddism
267:health care
234:Vietnam War
196:hospitality
184:anti-racism
142:who expose
108:peace camps
88:world peace
6607:Categories
6285:(category)
6163:Costa Rica
5949:Peace walk
5761:Peace News
5639:Satyagraha
5624:Pacificism
5614:Nonkilling
5528:Anarchism
5517:Ideologies
5433:Peace camp
4742:2007-11-03
4676:"About us"
4661:2012-09-05
4327:2017-07-16
4302:2017-07-16
4278:2017-07-16
4251:2017-07-16
4227:2024-05-15
3853:The Nation
3575:2019-02-27
3417:Quoted on
3366:"Pacifism"
3278:1299115713
3007:17 January
2973:14 January
2869:2013-12-02
2835:2013-02-07
2766:2013-02-07
2698:2013-12-02
2642:References
2587:Peace Ship
2580:Peace flag
2267:Beyond War
2235:See also:
2208:Tony Blair
2045:Kate Dewes
2014:After the
1989:Uri Avnery
1980:Golda Meir
1943:and shook
1585:, such as
1579:capitalism
1524:, and the
1512:, held in
1302:The first
1258:See also:
1148:, Berkeley
1066:Cry Havoc!
1005:, and the
928:Peace Ship
917:Henry Ford
911:Henry Ford
899:, and the
804:See also:
473:, and the
471:Mennonites
365:Greenpeace
349:proteomics
218:See also:
144:war crimes
6511:military
6151:Countries
6132:Landmines
6120:in Russia
6078:Criticism
5887:Desertion
5373:Code Pink
4134:Preston,
3724:. Science
3349:Historian
2344:Code Pink
2202:, as the
2194:in London
2173:Tariq Ali
2129:Stockholm
1959:Jerusalem
1911:West Bank
1886:Peace Now
1868:Peace Now
1629:Woodstock
1534:Manhattan
1467:arms race
1394:In 1958,
1324:Berkshire
1221:Wehrmacht
830:socialist
655:socialist
582:Gibraltar
100:diplomacy
66:Cover of
51:June 2023
6594:Category
6552:Category
6369:Theories
6295:Pacifism
6275:Concepts
6226:Category
6083:Protests
6073:Iraq War
5976:Teach-in
5629:Pacifism
5330:Anti-war
4031:Archived
3991:Archived
3969:Fox News
3962:Archived
3846:Archived
3828:(1997).
3569:Archived
3547:, 1983,
3422:Archived
3187:Archived
3168:Archived
2542:Pacifism
2455:See also
2406:winners
2354:(MFSO),
2321:Iraq War
2312:and the
2299:Gulf War
2192:Iraq War
2179:(led by
2001:Ta'ayush
1819:May 2017
1740:agents.
1721:and the
1717:between
1587:New Left
1381:Cold War
1229:and war
1180:and the
737:Gandhism
634:Brussels
513:(1756);
423:Poitiers
415:Narbonne
411:Charroux
367:and the
345:genetics
325:grenades
298:military
294:ideology
290:religion
248:Islamism
204:theology
200:ideology
188:feminism
180:veganism
172:humanism
116:anti-war
104:boycotts
92:pacifism
6462:Ukraine
6168:Germany
5799:Symbols
5745:Museums
4863:excerpt
4861:(2001)
4832:". In:
4082:(2009)
3321:, p.18.
3255:Watts,
2913:3827086
2892:1898869
2857:(314).
2571:, in UK
1987:member
1985:Knesset
1856:Zionism
1701:Germany
1486:. Many
1482:in the
1471:protest
1318:, near
1245:of the
1068:A 1933
887:), the
857:liberal
620:in the
463:Quakers
427:Bourges
419:Limoges
417:(990),
403:Pax Dei
382:History
376:Germany
302:justice
41:updated
6566:People
6529:(1992)
6523:(1990)
6517:(1990)
6497:(1975)
6427:Cyprus
6173:Israel
6158:Canada
5897:Die-in
5847:Bed-in
5594:Hippie
5524:Ahimsa
5258:online
5246:
5174:online
5162:
5150:online
5131:
5112:online
5067:online
5057:online
5031:
5017:
5005:online
4994:online
4936:online
4926:online
4907:
4875:
4852:online
4431:1 News
4192:online
4084:online
3551:
3510:
3458:
3436:
3353:online
3336:online
3317:
3276:
3126:
3070:
3030:
2998:
2964:
2911:
2890:
2826:
2802:
2757:
2428:CASMII
2383:, and
2366:, and
2291:Kuwait
2272:Thomas
2125:Sweden
2063:, and
2009:Bil'in
1922:Hadash
1880:Meretz
1860:Israel
1779:Israel
1759:under
1653:Canada
1520:, the
1426:, and
1308:Easter
1001:, the
997:, the
968:, and
895:, the
770:) and
767:ahimsa
521:, and
206:, and
154:, and
6628:Peace
6467:Yemen
6457:Syria
6268:Peace
6193:Sudan
6188:Spain
6178:Japan
5794:Songs
5779:Plays
5695:Films
5675:Books
5634:Peace
5493:Unity
4631:6 May
4624:Stuff
4603:6 May
4577:6 May
4551:6 May
4525:6 May
4514:(PDF)
4494:6 May
4485:(PDF)
4465:6 May
4456:(PDF)
4436:6 May
4410:6 May
4384:6 May
4375:(PDF)
4356:6 May
3722:(PDF)
2958:(PDF)
2909:JSTOR
2888:JSTOR
2794:, by
2080:CORSO
1738:Stasi
1337:1980
1182:Nazis
638:Paris
586:Malta
509:, in
467:Amish
399:Latin
327:) by
288:over
208:faith
78:is a
5332:and
5244:ISBN
5160:ISBN
5129:ISBN
5029:ISBN
5015:ISBN
4960:and
4905:ISBN
4873:ISBN
4633:2024
4605:2024
4579:2024
4553:2024
4527:2024
4496:2024
4467:2024
4438:2024
4412:2024
4386:2024
4358:2024
3812:2007
3776:2007
3753:2007
3730:2009
3549:ISBN
3508:ISBN
3456:ISBN
3434:ISBN
3392:2009
3315:ISBN
3274:ISBN
3124:ISBN
3068:ISBN
3028:ISBN
3009:2012
2996:ISBN
2975:2012
2962:ISBN
2824:ISBN
2800:ISBN
2755:ISBN
2414:and
2400:Iran
2394:The
2282:and
2265:and
2239:and
2109:and
2105:The
2003:and
1850:and
1719:NATO
1711:Bonn
1581:and
1514:Oslo
1508:The
1262:and
1241:and
1104:and
1092:The
1060:and
986:and
603:and
584:and
559:Pitt
453:The
355:and
347:and
323:and
315:and
250:and
130:and
5670:Art
4321:dna
3502:by
1968:IDF
1878:or
1809:by
1478:to
1322:in
1054:'s
1046:by
517:in
465:),
292:or
167:the
146:or
84:war
6609::
6030:US
6028:;
6026:UK
4760:.
4734:.
4696:.
4621:.
4595:.
4569:.
4543:.
4516:.
4487:.
4458:.
4429:.
4402:.
4377:.
4347:.
4336:^
4319:.
4295:.
4271:.
4260:^
4244:.
4219:.
3986:.
3976:^
3945:,
3929:,
3700:.
3679:.
3606:.
3543:,
3519:^
3444:^
3368:.
3295:.
2853:.
2671:.
2443:.
2379:,
2362:,
2358:,
2350:,
2342:,
2316:.
2286:.
2218:.
2164:.
2127::
2102:.
2067:.
2059:,
2055:,
2051:,
2047:,
2043:,
1913:.
1775:.
1635:.
1601:.
1577:,
1570:.
1446:.
1422:,
1391:.
1295:.
1223:.
1200:.
1064:'
1050:,
990:.
964:,
903:.
533:.
469:,
401::
378:.
371:.
363:,
343:,
339:,
304:.
236:.
210:.
202:,
198:,
194:,
190:,
186:,
182:,
178:,
174:,
150:,
134:,
122:,
110:,
106:,
102:,
98:,
94:,
74:A
6260:e
6253:t
6246:v
6032:)
6003:"
5999:"
5996:"
5992:"
5984:"
5980:"
5967:"
5963:"
5930:"
5926:"
5322:e
5315:t
5308:v
5260:.
5214:.
4996:.
4854:.
4764:.
4745:.
4702:.
4664:.
4635:.
4607:.
4581:.
4555:.
4529:.
4498:.
4469:.
4440:.
4414:.
4388:.
4360:.
4330:.
4305:.
4281:.
4254:.
4230:.
4086:.
3814:.
3778:.
3755:.
3732:.
3706:.
3685:.
3592:.
3578:.
3514:.
3394:.
3372:.
3355:.
3338:.
3299:.
3193:.
3174:.
3132:.
3076:.
3036:.
3011:.
2977:.
2915:.
2894:.
2872:.
2838:.
2769:.
2701:.
2675:.
1870:(
1832:)
1826:(
1821:)
1817:(
1803:.
694:(
53:)
49:(
43:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
