226:" by the Spanish. El Capitán Grande suggested that as a gesture of goodwill, the Spaniards and the Ais could exchange young boys who would then learn the other people's language. One of the Indians told the son of the Ais leader, however, that horses in St. Augustine ate people, scaring the boy so much that he fled St. Augustine. The Ais chief apologized, promising to send his son back to the Spanish town, then requested more gifts from the Spanish as a proof of their continued friendship.
197:'s Revolt), with many Spanish soldiers also killed fighting to suppress the rebellion. Within two months of Ibarra's arrival, some forty leaders of the Guale had visited him in the Spanish capital to "render their obedience" to the new governor and to receive the presents that confirmed their subordinate relationship with him as representative of the Spanish king. In November and December 1604, Ibarra made a
229:
Ibarra had tried for several years to get the chiefs of the Indian tribes south of St. Augustine to come to the provincial capital for peace talks, and finally, on
September 2, 1605, El Capitán Grande arrived in St. Augustine, accompanied by the chiefs of Surruque and Urubia, and 20 other Indians of
221:
The Ais were allowing
English and French boats to land on their shores, which was considered a territorial violation by Spanish officials in St. Augustine, who believed these actions increased the chances of an enemy attack on the city from the south. Consequently, Ibarra sent an emissary to the Ais
230:
high status. Ibarra cordially welcomed and entertained them in his own home. The friendship of the
Indians had been won. In the words of Ibarra, "Since then the Caciques come and go as they please, and our soldiers do the same, by sea as well as by land, with the greatest security."
188:
Upon his arrival in
Florida, Ibarra was determined to improve relations with the aggrieved Guale Indians of the Atlantic coastal region north of St. Augustine. A few years previously they had rebelled against Spanish rule under Ibarra's predecessor,
245:. The mission was successful; the Ais agreed to protect the Spanish as far southward as their territory extended, and even to care for shipwrecked sailors in return for a ransom. The resulting peace allowed Mexia to complete a map of the
205:
towns on the coast of present-day
Georgia, where he listened to the native chiefs' complaints and settled disputes among them, as well as exhorting them to practice the Catholicism they had been taught by the missionaries.
273:. The governor instructed Écija that if he found the Jamestown settlement abandoned, he should sail further north to investigate the location of the copper mines (which the Spanish believed to be a gold mine) mentioned by
149:
in his youth and eventually attained the rank of general. In 1549 or 1553 (sources differ), following the orders of Capt. Alonso de
Mercadillo, he explored southern Zamora in Amazonian Ecuador, part of the
750:
214:
In his official relations with the Indian inhabitants of La
Florida, Ibarra employed the diplomacy of gift-giving expected by native chiefs, and even resorted to kidnapping
758:
703:
By that time a church had been built at Asao, on or near San Simon, and another in Guale, while a third was to be constructed at
Espogache near Sapelo.
1019:
293:(Church of Our Lady of Solitude) were complete, Ibarra moved the Hospital of Santa Barbara (founded in January 1600 by the previous governor,
959:
878:
851:
824:
675:
659:
532:
499:
472:
428:
401:
174:, Pedro de Ibarra, who escaped that night on one of the damaged vessels and arrived in Havana after a perilous voyage of 32 days at sea.
445:
142:
86:
1004:
360:
294:
190:
53:
325:, province of Gipuzkoa, as can be read in an inscription encircled by a laurel wreath on his sepulchral monument at the
310:
126:
65:
30:
270:
489:
462:
289:
In 1605, after the
Franciscan convent in St. Augustine had been rebuilt, and the repairs and enlargement of the
649:
238:
193:, killing five Franciscan friars and destroying their missions in the uprising of 1597–1598 (also known as
258:
246:
178:
337:. Dating from the 13th century, this was formerly the parish of the Oñacino faction of Oñaz de Gipuzkoa.
895:
321:
Upon Pedro de Ibarra's marriage to Ana de
Unzueta, he was proclaimed Lord of the house of Unzueta in
181:
on 20 October 1603. Ibarra, a career soldier with wide military experience, regarded maintaining the
780:
185:'s garrison and a vigilant watch for hostile intruders as his most important administrative duties.
274:
266:
262:
151:
977:"Francisco de Ibarra, conquistador de Nueva Vizcaya y fundador de la ciudad de Durango, en MĂ©xico"
698:
524:
393:
Warriors for a Living: The Experience of the Spanish Infantry during the Italian Wars, 1494-1559
955:
949:
896:"Spanish Policy Toward Virginia, 1606-1612; Jamestown, Ecija, and John Clark of the Mayflower"
874:
868:
847:
820:
716:
655:
528:
495:
468:
424:
418:
397:
841:
391:
751:"Ais Indians' Alliances, Diplomacy, and Networks in the Southeastern Borderlands, 1549-1696"
621:
611:
571:
561:
330:
242:
171:
130:
717:"Twilight of the Mocamo and Guale Aborigines as Portrayed in the 1695 Spanish Visitation"
692:
517:
976:
1013:
519:
North America from earliest discovery to first settlements: the Norse voyages to 1612
234:
146:
600:"Murder and Martyrdom in Spanish Florida: Don Juan and the Guale uprising of 1597"
599:
550:"Murder and Martyrdom in Spanish Florida: Don Juan and the Guale uprising of 1597"
549:
368:
796:
278:
163:
954:. American Guide Series (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 247.
215:
162:
On 28 August 1603, English pirates seized two Spanish ships from Seville near
918:
598:
J. Michael Francis; Kathleen M. Kole; David Hurst Thomas (3 August 2011).
548:
J. Michael Francis; Kathleen M. Kole; David Hurst Thomas (3 August 2011).
616:
566:
194:
182:
297:), and its patients back to its original location in the convent. The
626:
576:
334:
301:
was the first hospital in what is now the continental United States.
237:, on a diplomatic mission to the Ais, whose territory stretched from
322:
202:
604:
Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History
554:
Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History
367:. Pensacola, Florida: University of West Florida. Archived from
309:
Ibarra governed La Florida until 1610, when he was succeeded by
167:
843:
Anglo-Spanish Rivalry in Colonial South-East America, 1650–1725
269:; Ibarra did so, assigning the expedition's command to Capt.
170:), on board one of which was newly appointed governor of
870:
A Land As God Made It: Jamestown and the Birth of America
420:
A Land As God Made It: Jamestown and the Birth of America
680:. American Museum of Natural History. 1978. p. 184.
177:
Ibarra then assumed office as governor of La Florida at
447:
La region amazĂłnica en el siglo XXVI [i.e. XVI]
694:
Early History of the Creek Indians and Their Neighbors
919:"Medicine in St. Augustine During the Spanish Period"
154:, and gave the NambĂja (or Lambija) region its name.
491:
El Corso en Cuba, Siglo XVII: Causas y Consecuencias
819:. Yale University Publications in Anthropology 45.
810:
808:
108:
100:
92:
80:
75:
59:
47:
29:
18:
516:
744:
742:
467:. Banco Central de Reserva del PerĂş. p. 68.
277:in his description of a visit to the present-day
257:On 8 November 1608, Ibarra received orders via a
285:Franciscan convent and Hospital of Santa Barbara
222:to make a treaty with their head chief, called "
112:Soldier and Administrator (Governor of Florida)
923:The Journal of the Florida Medical Association
494:. Editorial de Ciencias Sociales. p. 23.
361:"The Governors of Colonial Florida, 1565-1821"
233:In 1605, Ibarra sent a soldier-cartographer,
8:
782:Florida Anthropological Society Publications
697:. U.S. Government Printing Office. pp.
461:Waldemar Espinoza Soriano (1 January 2006).
265:to send a reconnaissance expedition to find
951:Florida: A Guide to the Southern-Most State
610:. American Museum of Natural History: 145.
560:. American Museum of Natural History: 124.
354:
352:
350:
785:. University of Florida. 1956. p. 40.
15:
677:The Anthropology of St. Catherines Island
625:
615:
575:
565:
450:. Banco Central del Ecuador. p. 142.
654:. Indiana University Press. p. 93.
488:CĂ©sar GarcĂa del Pino (1 January 2001).
917:William M. Straight, M.D. (July 1968).
346:
291:Hermita de Nuestra Señora de la Soledad
252:
125:was a Spanish general who served as a
840:Timothy Paul Grady (6 October 2015).
757:. Academia. p. 5. Archived from
7:
846:. Taylor & Francis. p. 21.
253:Capt. Écija's expedition to Virginia
817:Survey of Indian River Archaeology
14:
948:Federal writer's project (1939).
721:The Florida Historical Quarterly
648:Paul E. Hoffman (January 2002).
390:Idan Sherer (10 January 2017).
305:Term of office as governor ends
249:area with the help of the Ais.
43:20 October 1603 – 1610
900:The American Historical Review
894:Irene A. Wright (April 1920).
515:David B. Quinn (1 June 1977).
331:Collegiate Church of Cenarruza
1:
1020:Royal governors of La Florida
1005:Guale Tribe and Yamasee Tribe
218:leaders to parley with them.
873:. Basic Books. p. 134.
798:Publications in anthropology
523:. Harper & Row. p.
271:Francisco Fernández de Écija
867:James Horn (31 July 2008).
417:James Horn (31 July 2008).
1036:
715:John H. Hann (July 1987).
691:John Reed Swanton (1922).
333:) or Ziortza (Basque), in
31:8th Governor of La Florida
749:Peter Ferdinando (2013).
311:Juan Fernández de Olivera
299:Hospital de Santa Barbara
116:
71:
66:Juan Fernández de Olivera
36:
25:
975:Juan San Martin (1989).
201:(official visit) to the
295:Gonzalo Méndez de Canço
191:Gonzalo Méndez de Canço
54:Gonzalo Méndez de Canço
423:. Basic. p. 153.
327:Colegiata de Cenarruza
158:Governor of La Florida
396:. BRILL. p. 34.
371:on September 17, 2017
761:on September 4, 2015
617:10.5531/sp.anth.0095
567:10.5531/sp.anth.0095
444:José Rumazo (1946).
210:Ais-Spanish alliance
145:, Ibarra joined the
141:Originally from the
801:. 1951. p. 55.
651:Florida's Frontiers
267:Jamestown, Virginia
152:Viceroyalty of Peru
961:978-1-60354-009-4
880:978-0-7867-2198-6
853:978-1-317-32385-3
826:978-0-404-15668-8
661:978-0-253-34019-1
534:978-0-06-013458-7
501:978-959-06-0451-5
474:978-9972-221-06-4
464:AmazonĂa del PerĂş
430:978-0-7867-2198-6
403:978-90-04-33772-5
224:El Capitán Grande
120:
119:
1027:
992:
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984:Euskera Magazine
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243:St. Lucie River
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133:(1603 – 1610).
131:Spanish Florida
123:Pedro de Ibarra
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21:
20:Pedro de Ibarra
12:
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999:External links
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983:
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943:
931:. Retrieved
929:(8): 736–737
926:
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763:. Retrieved
759:the original
755:academia.edu
754:
729:. Retrieved
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631:. Retrieved
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581:. Retrieved
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392:
385:
375:17 September
373:. Retrieved
369:the original
364:
359:John Worth.
326:
320:
308:
298:
290:
288:
259:royal cédula
256:
247:Indian River
235:Alvaro Mexia
232:
228:
223:
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198:
187:
176:
161:
147:Spanish Army
140:
122:
121:
61:Succeeded by
38:
727:(1): 15, 18
279:Minas Basin
164:Cayo Romano
137:Early years
49:Preceded by
731:29 October
341:References
263:Philip III
172:La Florida
109:Profession
933:1 October
906:(3): 463.
765:5 October
633:5 October
627:2246/6123
583:5 October
577:2246/6123
281:in 1603.
275:Champlain
39:In office
1014:Category
195:Juanillo
183:presidio
365:uwf.edu
241:to the
96:unknown
84:unknown
990:: 300.
958:
877:
850:
823:
701:, 89.
658:
531:
498:
471:
427:
400:
335:Biscay
199:visita
101:Spouse
988:XXXIV
980:(PDF)
323:Eibar
261:from
203:Guale
956:ISBN
935:2017
875:ISBN
848:ISBN
821:ISBN
767:2017
733:2017
656:ISBN
635:2017
585:2017
529:ISBN
496:ISBN
469:ISBN
425:ISBN
398:ISBN
377:2017
168:Cuba
93:Died
81:Born
622:hdl
612:doi
572:hdl
562:doi
525:309
216:Ais
166:, (
129:of
1016::
986:.
982:.
927:55
925:.
921:.
904:25
902:.
898:.
807:^
753:.
741:^
725:66
723:.
719:.
699:59
620:.
608:95
606:.
602:.
570:.
558:95
556:.
552:.
527:.
363:.
349:^
313:.
964:.
937:.
883:.
856:.
829:.
769:.
735:.
664:.
637:.
624::
614::
587:.
574::
564::
537:.
504:.
477:.
433:.
406:.
379:.
329:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.