44:
76:
58:
525:
1059:
408:. It is present as an introduced species in North America. In the British Isles, female plants are rarely found outside central and northern England and the species may be naturalized as clonal populations outside this area, propagating via rhizome fragments. The preferred habitats are moist, fertile soils often by rivers, streams, and in
544:
The adverse effects of butterbur reported in clinical trials include mainly gastrointestinal problems, such as nausea, flatulence, and belching. In 2015, the
American Academy of Neurology withdrew its original endorsement of butterbur due to safety concerns.
938:"Evidence-based guideline update: NSAIDs and other complementary treatments for episodic migraine prevention in adults: [RETIRED]: Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society"
548:
Long-term health effects and interaction of butterbur with other drugs have not been well documented. However, it can theoretically interact with certain blood pressure and heart medications, as well as with drugs that can induce a liver
391:
clustered on a 5–20 cm (2–8 in) stem. The leaves are large, on stout 80–120 cm (31–47 in) tall stems, round, with a diameter of 40–70 cm (16–28 in) with petioles up to 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in).
825:
Wu, Arthur W.; Gettelfinger, John D.; Ting, Jonathan Y.; Mort, Claudia; Higgins, Thomas S. (2020-02-27). "Alternative therapies for sinusitis and rhinitis: a systematic review utilizing a modified Delphi method".
491:
traditional medicine internally (as tea or cold maceration in ethanol) and externally (as compresses or maceration in vinegar) for treatment of infections, fever, flu, colds, hay-fever, and allergies.
877:
Sylvia Vogl; Paolo Picker; Judit Mihaly-Bison; Nanang
Fakhrudin; Atanas G. Atanasov; Elke H. Heiss; Christoph Wawrosch; Gottfried Reznicek; Verena M. Dirsch; Johannes Saukel; Brigitte Koppa (2013).
376:, the male and female flowers being borne on separate plants. In Britain, the male flowers are widespread, but the female flowers have a restricted distribution in northern and central England.
1284:
1359:
541:
have been found to contain hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids at the retail level. These extracts are not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
732:, LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury, US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2012,
1547:
1232:
1560:
1310:
1245:
1431:
772:
1663:
1219:
1658:
1625:
1493:
1573:
1271:
424:, preparations are sold in some countries as a dietary supplement. There is no evidence that butterbur is useful for treating
1315:
1346:
1063:
891:
1297:
468:
Although there have been studies of butterbur root or leaf extracts as possible therapies for symptoms of hay fever (
1586:
1444:
1364:
75:
43:
1591:
1449:
1149:
433:
1115:
1077:
507:
338:
997:"Hepatobiliary Events in Migraine Therapy with Herbs—The Case of Petadolex, A Petasites Hybridus Extract"
654:. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, US National Institutes of Health. 1 July 2020
1565:
1250:
202:
1136:
1630:
1498:
589:
1374:
1193:
557:. Prior cases of liver damage have been reported from people taking butterbur, with cases varying in
330:
807:
1338:
1185:
936:
Holland, S.; Silberstein, S. D.; Freitag, F.; Dodick, D. W.; Argoff, C.; Ashman, E. (2012-04-24).
1653:
1612:
1480:
859:
334:
239:
231:
223:
70:
1436:
1289:
1534:
1395:
1167:
1036:
1018:
977:
959:
918:
851:
843:
768:
733:
469:
1400:
1026:
1008:
967:
949:
908:
900:
835:
789:
1382:
311:
113:
352:
may have derived from the use of leaves to wrap butter centuries ago. It is also called
57:
1423:
1418:
1031:
996:
972:
937:
913:
878:
558:
488:
457:
227:
100:
448:
Although some preliminary studies indicate that butterbur may reduce the frequency of
1647:
863:
511:
388:
219:
333:
to treat various disorders, there are no approved medical uses, but it is sold as a
1617:
1539:
1485:
1172:
760:
566:
1126:
1525:
1472:
954:
1410:
1351:
1333:
1325:
1258:
1109:
562:
524:
503:
405:
169:
727:
17:
904:
429:
409:
315:
159:
1224:
1100:
1022:
963:
847:
651:
1302:
1206:
453:
179:
149:
1604:
1040:
981:
922:
855:
737:
698:
1462:
1058:
767:(Fourth ed.). Middlewood Green, Suffolk, U.K.: C & M Floristics.
1599:
1519:
1457:
1159:
1094:
814:. Biological Records Centre and Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland.
449:
401:
139:
126:
1387:
472:), the results were insufficient to determine effectiveness and safety.
400:
It is native to central Europe, extending from the
British Isles to the
1552:
1237:
1180:
1013:
622:
538:
518:
484:
425:
421:
839:
1263:
1144:
887:
anti-inflammatory activities of 71 Austrian traditional herbal drugs"
554:
550:
437:
380:
373:
319:
1071:
1578:
1276:
1211:
523:
514:
87:
456:
associations do not recommend it because of concerns of possible
384:
323:
1198:
1075:
629:. Copenhagen, Denmark: Global Biodiversity Information System.
420:
As there are no approved clinical uses of butterbur or its
27:
Species of flowering plant in the daisy family
Asteraceae
883:
studies on
Austria's folk medicine – an unexplored lore
341:
in butterbur limit its use in human and animal studies.
1509:
1084:
337:. Concerns about the potential toxic effects of
808:"Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora,
510:in its leaves and roots. Also present are the
995:Anderson, Nora; Borlak, Jürgen (2019-05-10).
383:are produced in the early spring, before the
8:
828:International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology
1072:
722:
720:
718:
716:
56:
42:
31:
1030:
1012:
971:
953:
912:
387:appear. They are pale pink, with several
796:. Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Stockholm.
693:
691:
689:
755:
753:
687:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
578:
794:(L.) P. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb"
627:(L.) G. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb"
617:
615:
584:
582:
404:, and from southern Italy to southern
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
636:
7:
1375:7c20ec61-cdc8-4021-8019-6558e96e02fa
594:(L.) G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb"
600:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2023
25:
452:in adults and children, clinical
1592:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:256913-1
1450:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:237374-1
1057:
329:Although used over centuries in
74:
416:Dietary supplement and research
765:New Flora of the British Isles
521:, isopetasin, and neopetasin.
1:
701:. Drugs.com. 14 February 2022
1001:Journal of Clinical Medicine
955:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182535d0c
892:Journal of Ethnopharmacology
310:, is a herbaceous perennial
1664:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1680:
598:Plants of the World Online
905:10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.007
245:
238:
208:
201:
71:Scientific classification
69:
64:
55:
50:
41:
34:
1659:Plants described in 1753
434:urinary tract infections
508:pyrrolizidine alkaloids
339:pyrrolizidine alkaloids
879:"Ethnopharmacological
529:
440:, or other disorders.
527:
273:Petasites officinalis
1068:at Wikimedia Commons
483:leaves were used in
476:Traditional medicine
331:traditional medicine
306:, also known as the
528:Petasin's structure
481:Petasites hybridus
265:Tussilago petasites
1411:Petasites_hybridus
1150:petasites-hybridus
1116:Petasites hybridus
1086:Petasites hybridus
1065:Petasites hybridus
1014:10.3390/jcm8050652
810:Petasites hybridus
792:Petasites hybridus
625:Petasites hybridus
592:Petasites hybridus
569:to liver failure.
533:Potential toxicity
530:
500:Petasites hybridus
450:migraine headaches
335:dietary supplement
318:that is native to
303:Petasites hybridus
289:Petasites vulgaris
212:Petasites hybridus
36:Petasites hybridus
1641:
1640:
1511:Tussilago hybrida
1396:Open Tree of Life
1078:Taxon identifiers
1062:Media related to
948:(17): 1346–1353.
840:10.1002/alr.22488
788:Anderberg, Arne.
774:978-1-5272-2630-2
470:allergic rhinitis
299:
298:
293:
285:
277:
269:
261:
257:Tussilago hybrida
253:
249:Cineraria hybrida
16:(Redirected from
1671:
1634:
1633:
1621:
1620:
1608:
1607:
1595:
1594:
1582:
1581:
1569:
1568:
1556:
1555:
1543:
1542:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1502:
1501:
1489:
1488:
1476:
1475:
1466:
1465:
1453:
1452:
1440:
1439:
1427:
1426:
1414:
1413:
1404:
1403:
1391:
1390:
1378:
1377:
1368:
1367:
1355:
1354:
1352:NHMSYS0000461631
1342:
1341:
1329:
1328:
1319:
1318:
1306:
1305:
1293:
1292:
1280:
1279:
1267:
1266:
1254:
1253:
1241:
1240:
1228:
1227:
1215:
1214:
1202:
1201:
1189:
1188:
1176:
1175:
1163:
1162:
1153:
1152:
1140:
1139:
1130:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1073:
1061:
1045:
1044:
1034:
1016:
992:
986:
985:
975:
957:
933:
927:
926:
916:
874:
868:
867:
822:
816:
815:
804:
798:
797:
785:
779:
778:
757:
748:
747:
746:
744:
724:
711:
710:
708:
706:
695:
664:
663:
661:
659:
648:
631:
630:
619:
610:
609:
607:
605:
586:
506:and other toxic
291:
283:
281:Petasites ovatus
275:
267:
259:
251:
214:
194:P. hybridus
79:
78:
60:
46:
32:
21:
1679:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1629:
1624:
1616:
1611:
1603:
1598:
1590:
1585:
1577:
1572:
1564:
1559:
1551:
1546:
1538:
1533:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1505:
1497:
1492:
1484:
1479:
1471:
1469:
1461:
1456:
1448:
1443:
1435:
1430:
1422:
1417:
1409:
1407:
1399:
1394:
1386:
1383:Observation.org
1381:
1373:
1371:
1363:
1358:
1350:
1345:
1337:
1332:
1324:
1323:MichiganFlora:
1322:
1314:
1309:
1301:
1296:
1288:
1283:
1275:
1270:
1262:
1257:
1249:
1244:
1236:
1231:
1223:
1218:
1210:
1205:
1197:
1192:
1184:
1179:
1171:
1166:
1158:
1156:
1148:
1143:
1135:
1133:
1125:
1123:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1080:
1054:
1049:
1048:
994:
993:
989:
935:
934:
930:
876:
875:
871:
824:
823:
819:
806:
805:
801:
787:
786:
782:
775:
759:
758:
751:
742:
740:
726:
725:
714:
704:
702:
697:
696:
667:
657:
655:
650:
649:
634:
621:
620:
613:
603:
601:
588:
587:
580:
575:
559:adverse effects
535:
497:
478:
466:
446:
418:
398:
372:The species is
370:
362:pestilence wort
347:
312:flowering plant
234:
216:
210:
197:
73:
28:
23:
22:
18:Pestilence wort
15:
12:
11:
5:
1677:
1675:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1646:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1622:
1618:wfo-0000081506
1609:
1596:
1583:
1570:
1557:
1544:
1531:
1515:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1490:
1486:wfo-0000045336
1477:
1467:
1454:
1441:
1428:
1415:
1405:
1392:
1379:
1369:
1356:
1343:
1330:
1320:
1307:
1294:
1281:
1268:
1255:
1242:
1229:
1216:
1203:
1190:
1177:
1164:
1154:
1141:
1131:
1121:
1106:
1090:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1053:
1052:External links
1050:
1047:
1046:
987:
928:
899:(3): 750–771.
869:
834:(4): 496–504.
817:
799:
780:
773:
749:
712:
665:
632:
611:
577:
576:
574:
571:
534:
531:
496:
495:Phytochemicals
493:
477:
474:
465:
462:
458:liver toxicity
445:
442:
426:skin allergies
417:
414:
397:
394:
389:inflorescences
369:
366:
346:
343:
314:in the family
297:
296:
295:
294:
286:
278:
270:
262:
254:
243:
242:
236:
235:
217:
206:
205:
199:
198:
191:
189:
185:
184:
177:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
137:
130:
129:
124:
117:
116:
111:
104:
103:
98:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
67:
66:
62:
61:
53:
52:
51:Inflorescence
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1676:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1632:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1532:
1527:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1500:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1128:
1122:
1117:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
991:
988:
983:
979:
974:
969:
965:
961:
956:
951:
947:
943:
939:
932:
929:
924:
920:
915:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
893:
888:
886:
882:
873:
870:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
821:
818:
813:
811:
803:
800:
795:
793:
784:
781:
776:
770:
766:
762:
756:
754:
750:
739:
735:
731:
730:
723:
721:
719:
717:
713:
700:
694:
692:
690:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
666:
653:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
637:
633:
628:
626:
618:
616:
612:
599:
595:
593:
585:
583:
579:
572:
570:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
546:
542:
540:
532:
526:
522:
520:
516:
513:
512:sesquiterpene
509:
505:
501:
494:
492:
490:
486:
482:
475:
473:
471:
463:
461:
459:
455:
451:
443:
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
415:
413:
411:
407:
403:
395:
393:
390:
386:
382:
377:
375:
367:
365:
363:
359:
355:
351:
344:
342:
340:
336:
332:
327:
325:
322:and northern
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
304:
290:
287:
282:
279:
274:
271:
266:
263:
258:
255:
250:
247:
246:
244:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
215:
213:
207:
204:
203:Binomial name
200:
196:
195:
190:
187:
186:
183:
182:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
106:
105:
102:
101:Tracheophytes
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
77:
72:
68:
63:
59:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
1510:
1085:
1064:
1004:
1000:
990:
945:
941:
931:
896:
890:
884:
880:
872:
831:
827:
820:
812:(Butterbur)"
809:
802:
791:
783:
764:
761:Stace, C. A.
741:, retrieved
728:
703:. Retrieved
656:. Retrieved
624:
602:. Retrieved
597:
591:
567:inflammation
547:
543:
536:
499:
498:
480:
479:
467:
447:
419:
399:
396:Distribution
378:
371:
361:
357:
353:
349:
348:
345:Common names
328:
307:
302:
301:
300:
288:
280:
272:
264:
256:
248:
211:
209:
193:
192:
180:
133:
120:
107:
94:
35:
29:
1334:NatureServe
1259:iNaturalist
1110:Wikispecies
699:"Butterbur"
652:"Butterbur"
563:cholestasis
504:senecionine
410:wet meadows
406:Scandinavia
368:Description
358:Devil's hat
354:bog rhubarb
252:(L.) Bernh.
170:Senecioneae
114:Angiosperms
1648:Categories
1424:gcc-143847
1419:Plant List
1007:(5): 652.
573:References
537:Butterbur
430:bronchitis
316:Asteraceae
160:Asteraceae
1654:Petasites
1526:Q21877665
1023:2077-0383
964:0028-3878
942:Neurology
864:211538121
848:2042-6976
729:Butterbur
502:contains
454:neurology
444:Migraines
374:dioecious
350:Butterbur
308:butterbur
224:G.Gaertn.
188:Species:
181:Petasites
150:Asterales
84:Kingdom:
1605:50233438
1600:Tropicos
1579:256913-1
1520:Wikidata
1470:VASCAN:
1458:Tropicos
1408:PalDat:
1339:2.133231
1290:10907661
1277:237374-1
1157:BioLib:
1137:286-82-1
1095:Wikidata
1041:31083451
982:22529203
923:23770053
885:in vitro
881:in vitro
856:32104974
763:(2019).
738:31643329
539:extracts
485:Austrian
464:Rhinitis
422:extracts
402:Caucasus
240:Synonyms
156:Family:
140:Asterids
127:Eudicots
65:Foliage
1631:1178636
1553:3088302
1499:1114946
1463:2710849
1238:3088301
1181:Ecocrop
1101:Q375620
1032:6572430
973:3335449
914:3791396
553:called
519:petasin
381:flowers
232:Scherb.
176:Genus:
166:Tribe:
146:Order:
88:Plantae
1566:413415
1432:PLANTS
1401:533782
1372:NZOR:
1365:278673
1303:116220
1251:413414
1225:160476
1199:468820
1145:ARKive
1134:APSA:
1127:222617
1124:APDB:
1039:
1029:
1021:
980:
970:
962:
921:
911:
862:
854:
846:
771:
736:
623:"GBIF
555:CYP3A4
551:enzyme
515:esters
438:asthma
385:leaves
360:, and
320:Europe
230:&
228:B.Mey.
1626:WoRMS
1540:7CYKG
1494:WoRMS
1473:27171
1316:36056
1285:IRMNG
1264:55850
1220:EUNIS
1212:PEDHY
1186:15851
1173:4FCZK
1160:41448
860:S2CID
743:5 May
705:5 May
658:5 May
604:3 May
561:from
489:Czech
292:Desf.
134:Clade
121:Clade
108:Clade
95:Clade
1587:POWO
1574:IPNI
1561:GRIN
1548:GBIF
1445:POWO
1437:PEHY
1388:7696
1360:NCBI
1311:ITIS
1272:IPNI
1246:GRIN
1233:GBIF
1207:EPPO
1037:PMID
1019:ISSN
978:PMID
960:ISSN
919:PMID
852:PMID
844:ISSN
769:ISBN
745:2022
734:PMID
707:2022
660:2022
606:2023
565:and
487:and
379:The
324:Asia
1613:WFO
1535:CoL
1481:WFO
1347:NBN
1326:421
1298:ISC
1194:EoL
1168:CoL
1027:PMC
1009:doi
968:PMC
950:doi
909:PMC
901:doi
897:149
836:doi
1650::
1628::
1615::
1602::
1589::
1576::
1563::
1550::
1537::
1522::
1496::
1483::
1460::
1447::
1434::
1421::
1398::
1385::
1362::
1349::
1336::
1313::
1300::
1287::
1274::
1261::
1248::
1235::
1222::
1209::
1196::
1183::
1170::
1147::
1112::
1097::
1035:.
1025:.
1017:.
1003:.
999:.
976:.
966:.
958:.
946:78
944:.
940:.
917:.
907:.
895:.
889:.
858:.
850:.
842:.
832:10
830:.
752:^
715:^
668:^
635:^
614:^
596:.
581:^
517:–
460:.
436:,
432:,
428:,
412:.
364:.
356:,
326:.
284:L.
276:L.
268:L.
260:L.
226:,
222:)
220:L.
136::
123::
110::
97::
1043:.
1011::
1005:8
984:.
952::
925:.
903::
866:.
838::
790:"
777:.
709:.
662:.
608:.
590:"
218:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
