3588:
3598:
3608:
36:
317:
means 'closest companion' in terms of kinship and designated units from Upper
Macedonia. Another explanation is that 'close' is referring to their position in battle, as they were the closest to the king. For fighting near the Hypaspists it is possible that they were better trained and equipped than
326:
The battalions of pezhetairoi appear to have been organised on a regional basis, at least to begin with. We know of battalions named for the regions of
Orestis/Lyncestis (two battalions probably combining men from both regions), Elimaea and Tymphaeaâif all pezhetairoi were from Upper Macedonia then
223:
Tactically, the pezhetairoi were best used as a strong defensive line, rather than as shock troops. The length of the sarissa, while making them terrifying for an enemy to oppose, severely limited their maneuverability; and if they were taken in flank or rear they had little chance of responding.
219:
during the reign of his father Philip II as a recruiting method. By labeling his infantry as his personal "companions" and "friends," Philip was able to engage a wider manpower base for his subsequent military campaigns, as positions in his personal infantry would denote pride and honor.
416:) remained on the western bank of the Hydaspes, under the command of Craterus, and crossed only when Alexander was victorious, in order to continue with the pursuit of the fleeing Indians. However, there is much supposition and guesswork regarding this battle.
228:
in 331 BC, when the rapid advance of the right wing caused a breach to open between two of the battalions of pezhetairoiâa force of enemy cavalry broke through and, had it not been for a lack of discipline in their own command, under
212:, which had a much longer reach than the traditional hoplite spear. Because of its length, the phalanx could present the spearpoints of around five files of men; which made the phalanx almost impenetrable, and fearsome to oppose.
240:
Apart from in pitched battles, the pezhetairoi and their sarissas were not very practical; it is supposed that they were re-armed, and their tactics adapted, to suit the guerrilla warfare that was prevalent, and necessary, in
3642:
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611:
Alexander & His
Successors: Essays from the Antipodes : a Companion to Crossroads of History: the Age of Alexander; Alexander's Empire: Formulation to Decay
735:
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309:(= the best) and thus implying they were some kind of elite. This would correspond to the fact that they were placed on the right side next to the
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728:
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were made up almost entirely of pezhetairoi. Pezhetairoi were very effective against both enemy cavalry and infantry, as their long
119:
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1718:
1713:
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57:
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1748:
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197:
100:
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2066:
1520:
397:
72:
53:
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2200:
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1738:
1692:
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1423:
1112:
3131:
609:
565:
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3126:
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2140:
1657:
755:
79:
46:
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2155:
1624:
1475:
1370:
844:
778:
204:, removing the heavy armor, and replacing the large shield with a smaller alternative. They were armed with the
2308:
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could be used to impale enemies charging on horseback or to keep enemy infantry with shorter weapons at bay.
86:
3591:
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2500:
2303:
2286:
2266:
2235:
2135:
2071:
1687:
1672:
1642:
1603:
1480:
1332:
834:
151:
3549:
2552:
2323:
2281:
2215:
2180:
1632:
1616:
1312:
1253:
1102:
1097:
344:
539:
3601:
2830:
2820:
2810:
2795:
2485:
2225:
2195:
2150:
2145:
1776:
1743:
1545:
1450:
1436:
1092:
963:
927:
68:
3073:
3067:
3053:
2537:
2495:
2467:
2352:
2165:
1395:
1191:
356:
193:
299:
were recruited in northern
Macedonia, where there are just a few cities. Another suggestion is that
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3174:
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1889:
1204:
1117:
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1041:
804:
401:
382:
328:
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3318:
3224:
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2785:
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2175:
1999:
1515:
1495:
1352:
1223:
1107:
902:
829:
390:
360:
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2480:
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1984:
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1235:
1217:
1127:
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189:
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in 338 BC. Philip created this unit by lengthening the spear to the point of becoming a true
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2408:
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1132:
1006:
917:
877:
814:
375:
374:
the battalions were those of (from right to left): Coenus, Perdiccas, Craterus, Meleager,
371:
327:
we would expect the other battalions to have represented
Eordaea and Pelagonia. In 334 BC
209:
196:, particularly when they played important role in Philip's subjugation of Greece at the
93:
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819:
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272:
137:
484:
How
Humankind Created Science: From Early Astronomy to Our Modern Scientific Worldview
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201:
174:
511:
Legion versus
Phalanx: The Epic Struggle for Infantry Supremacy in the Ancient World
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2447:
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1894:
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887:
386:
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the battalions were those of (from right to left): Coenus, Perdiccas, Meleager,
35:
3333:
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3298:
3283:
3169:
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1989:
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Alexander, Killer of Men. Alexander the Great and the
Macedonian Art of War
17:
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1851:
1806:
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155:
400:
only five battalions took part, and were those of (from right to left):
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1001:
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413:
242:
234:
205:
186:
3471:
3401:
3381:
3343:
3209:
3015:
2908:
2845:
2835:
2780:
2398:
2383:
1979:
1964:
1939:
1934:
1919:
1580:
1575:
1342:
1322:
1066:
1056:
1051:
922:
882:
872:
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300:
286:
266:
246:
393:(deputising for Amyntas, who was recruiting in Macedonia), Craterus.
3481:
3456:
3353:
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3146:
3106:
2858:
2770:
2765:
2735:
2730:
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1836:
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1360:
1061:
1031:
978:
953:
892:
862:
454:
Carnage and
Culture: Landmark Battles in the Rise to Western Power
336:
713:
237:
in reserve, the phalanx might have been destroyed from the rear.
3486:
3461:
3411:
2898:
2888:
332:
3526:
2668:
2097:
1601:
948:
768:
717:
581:
Howe, Timothy; MĂŒller, Sabine; Stoneman, Richard (2016-11-30).
265:). There is a debate as it is not fully clear what the prefix
233:, and for Alexander's placing of a second line of traditional
29:
276:
141:
158:
kingdoms. They were literally "foot companions" (in Greek,
412:, Gorgias. The other battalions (those of Polyperchon and
295:
were recruited from cities. But the units referred to as
3643:
192:. They first came to prominence during the reign of
3367:
3244:
3233:
3160:
3082:
3039:
2986:
2844:
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2613:
2528:
2466:
2421:
2371:
2322:
2244:
2121:
2059:
2028:
1870:
1757:
1701:
1623:
1449:
1422:
1394:
1351:
1299:
1141:
1080:
977:
843:
792:
347:the battalions were those of (from right to left):
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
708:Macedonian Warrior: Alexander's Elite Infantryman
635:Macedonian Warrior: Alexander's Elite Infantryman
257:There is a separate group of Pezhetairoi called
339:in 327 BC, a seventh battalion had been added.
331:took six battalions of pezhetairoi with him to
208:, a long spear with a shaft made from flexible
729:
570:. University of California: F. Steiner. 1991.
538:Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey LempriĂšre (1993).
281:-) is referring to. Some claim it comes from
8:
706:Waldemar Heckel, Ryan Jones, Christa Hook.
185:The pezhetairoi were the battalions of the
3523:
3241:
2693:
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2328:
2118:
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1611:
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1305:
974:
945:
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765:
736:
722:
714:
567:Historia: Zeitschrift FĂŒr Alte Geschichte
481:Chen, Falin; Hsu, Fang-Tzu (2020-04-27).
215:The name "foot companions" was coined by
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
3638:Infantry units and formations of Macedon
584:Ancient Historiography on War and Empire
663:Arrian, Alexander's Anabasis 3.11.9â10.
438:
694:The Generalship of Alexander the Great
608:Wheatley, Pat; Hannah, Robert (2009).
654:Arrian, Alexander's Anabasis 2.8.3â4.
7:
3137:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus
533:
531:
476:
474:
457:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
446:
444:
442:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
687:The Greek and Macedonian Art of War
645:Arrian, Alexander's Anabasis 1.14.2
451:Hanson, Victor Davis (2007-12-18).
291:(= townsmen), which would mean the
224:This was particularly clear at the
335:. By the time the army moved into
25:
3606:
3596:
3587:
3586:
313:. The common conception is that
166:means "companion" or "friend").
34:
3607:
45:needs additional citations for
1:
1208:
1195:
1176:
1159:
3633:Ancient Greek infantry types
2336:Funeral and burial practices
1521:Military of Mycenaean Greece
398:Battle of the Hydaspes River
378:(replacing Philip), Amyntas.
301:
287:
267:
27:Ancient Macedonian soldiers
3659:
2260:Greek Revival architecture
277:
142:
3582:
3533:
3522:
2683:
2664:
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2331:
2117:
2093:
1668:Attalid kings of Pergamon
1614:
1610:
1597:
1476:Antigonid Macedonian army
1308:
973:
944:
788:
764:
751:
514:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
508:Cole, Myke (2018-10-18).
150:were the backbone of the
162:means "pedestrian" and
1702:Artists & scholars
1617:List of ancient Greeks
1254:Second Athenian League
1103:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
928:Ancient Greek colonies
345:Battle of the Granicus
2821:Sybaris on the Traeis
1546:Sacred Band of Thebes
1286:(c. 300 BCâc. 300 AD)
800:Cycladic civilization
389:(replacing Ptolemy),
2346:mythological figures
2067:Ancient Greek tribes
1192:Peloponnesian League
672:Fuller, pp. 180â199.
544:. Adolf M. Hakkert.
318:normal Pezhetairoi.
171:Macedonian phalanxes
54:improve this article
2458:Tunnel of Eupalinos
2453:Theatre of Dionysus
2077:Ancient Macedonians
1693:Tyrants of Syracuse
1205:Amphictyonic League
805:Minoan civilization
696:. New Jersey: 1960.
689:. California: 1957.
487:. Springer Nature.
383:Battle of Gaugamela
329:Alexander the Great
226:Battle of Gaugamela
198:Battle of Chaeronea
3132:Menestheus's Limin
2786:Pandosia (Lucania)
2674:Greek colonisation
2036:Athenian statesmen
1797:Diogenes of Sinope
1658:Kings of Macedonia
1648:Kings of Commagene
1516:Macedonian phalanx
1496:Hellenistic armies
1244:(c. 424âc. 395 BC)
1108:Indo-Greek Kingdom
830:Hellenistic Greece
3620:
3619:
3578:
3577:
3518:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3084:Iberian Peninsula
3016:Lipara/Meligounis
2982:
2981:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2633:Cypriot syllabary
2524:
2523:
2433:Athenian Treasury
2417:
2416:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2084:
1678:Ptolemaic dynasty
1638:Archons of Athens
1593:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1464:Athenian military
1445:
1444:
1278:League of Corinth
1260:Thessalian League
1236:Chalcidian League
1218:Acarnanian League
1128:Ptolemaic Kingdom
940:
939:
936:
935:
621:978-1-930053-58-8
594:978-1-78570-302-7
541:Collected Studies
521:978-1-4728-2843-9
494:978-3-030-43135-8
464:978-0-307-42518-8
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
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3610:
3609:
3600:
3590:
3589:
3524:
3242:
2741:Heraclea Lucania
2694:
2685:
2666:
2426:
2358:Twelve Olympians
2329:
2119:
2095:
1683:Seleucid dynasty
1663:Kings of Paionia
1612:
1599:
1469:Scythian archers
1376:Graphe paranomon
1306:
1213:
1210:
1200:
1197:
1181:
1178:
1168:
1164:
1161:
975:
946:
825:Classical Greece
810:Mycenaean Greece
790:
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738:
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724:
715:
673:
670:
664:
661:
655:
652:
646:
643:
637:
632:
626:
625:
614:. Regina Books.
605:
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571:
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556:
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406:Clitus the White
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38:
30:
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3200:Melaina Korkyra
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2988:Aeolian Islands
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2231:Wedding customs
2113:
2112:
2081:
2072:Thracian Greeks
2055:
2046:Olympic victors
2024:
1866:
1753:
1697:
1688:Kings of Sparta
1673:Kings of Pontus
1643:Kings of Athens
1619:
1606:
1585:
1481:Army of Macedon
1441:
1418:
1390:
1347:
1295:
1268:(370âc. 230 BC)
1266:Arcadian League
1250:(c. 400â188 BC)
1248:Aetolian League
1242:Boeotian League
1224:Hellenic League
1211:
1198:
1188:(c. 650â404 BC)
1179:
1173:Italiote League
1166:
1162:
1156:Doric Hexapolis
1146:
1137:
1133:Seleucid Empire
1076:
969:
968:
932:
839:
815:Greek Dark Ages
784:
783:
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710:. Oxford: 2006.
703:. London: 2004.
692:J.F.C. Fuller.
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587:. Oxbow Books.
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372:Battle of Issus
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152:Macedonian army
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2934:Megara Hyblaea
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2914:Hybla Gereatis
2911:
2906:
2904:Heraclea Minoa
2901:
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2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2702:
2700:
2691:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2648:Attic numerals
2645:
2643:Greek numerals
2640:
2638:Greek alphabet
2635:
2630:
2625:
2619:
2617:
2611:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2534:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2472:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2338:
2332:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2292:Musical system
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2251:
2249:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2127:
2125:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2063:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1876:
1874:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1763:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1724:Mathematicians
1721:
1716:
1711:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1633:Kings of Argos
1629:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1491:Cretan archers
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1461:
1455:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1428:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1400:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1290:Achaean League
1287:
1284:Euboean League
1281:
1275:
1272:Epirote League
1269:
1263:
1257:
1251:
1245:
1239:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1220:(c. 500â31 BC)
1215:
1202:
1189:
1183:
1170:
1152:
1150:
1148:Confederations
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1074:
1072:Lissus (Crete)
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
983:
981:
971:
970:
967:
966:
961:
956:
950:
949:
942:
941:
938:
937:
934:
933:
931:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
849:
847:
841:
840:
838:
837:
832:
827:
822:
820:Archaic Greece
817:
812:
807:
802:
796:
794:
786:
785:
782:
781:
776:
770:
769:
762:
761:
759:
758:
752:
749:
748:
745:Ancient Greece
743:
741:
740:
733:
726:
718:
712:
711:
704:
697:
690:
681:
678:
675:
674:
665:
656:
647:
638:
627:
620:
600:
593:
573:
557:
550:
527:
520:
500:
493:
470:
463:
437:
436:
434:
431:
430:
429:
422:
419:
418:
417:
394:
379:
368:
323:
320:
254:
251:
182:
179:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3655:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3628:
3613:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3593:
3585:
3584:
3581:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3532:
3525:
3521:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3366:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3243:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3112:Hemeroscopion
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2689:Magna Graecia
2686:
2682:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2563:Arcadocypriot
2561:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2527:
2517:
2516:Zeus, Olympia
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2501:Hera, Olympia
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2420:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2404:Mount Olympus
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2372:Sacred places
2370:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2196:Olympic Games
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2186:Homosexuality
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1556:Seleucid army
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1230:Delian League
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1206:
1203:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1186:Ionian League
1184:
1174:
1171:
1167: 560 BC
1157:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
984:
982:
980:
976:
972:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
951:
947:
943:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
908:Magna Graecia
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
850:
848:
846:
842:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
797:
795:
791:
787:
780:
777:
775:
772:
771:
767:
763:
757:
754:
753:
750:
746:
739:
734:
732:
727:
725:
720:
719:
716:
709:
705:
702:
699:D. Lonsdale.
698:
695:
691:
688:
685:F.E. Adcock.
684:
683:
679:
669:
666:
660:
657:
651:
648:
642:
639:
636:
631:
628:
623:
617:
613:
612:
604:
601:
596:
590:
586:
585:
577:
574:
569:
568:
561:
558:
553:
551:9789025610500
547:
543:
542:
534:
532:
528:
523:
517:
513:
512:
504:
501:
496:
490:
486:
485:
477:
475:
471:
466:
460:
456:
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110:February 2020
102:
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71: â
70:
69:"Pezhetairos"
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3407:Dionysopolis
3377:Abonoteichos
3329:Pantikapaion
2919:Hybla Heraea
2255:Architecture
2211:Prostitution
1900:Aristophanes
1759:Philosophers
1729:Philosophers
1561:Spartan army
1535:
1292:(280â146 BC)
1280:(338â322 BC)
1274:(370â168 BC)
1262:(374â196 BC)
1256:(378â355 BC)
1238:(430â348 BC)
1232:(478â404 BC)
1226:(499â449 BC)
913:Peloponnesus
835:Roman Greece
707:
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408:, Meleager,
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148:pezhetairos)
147:
146:, singular:
133:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
3555:Place names
3467:Salmydessus
3289:Kalos Limen
3269:Chersonesus
3259:Borysthenes
2964:Tauromenion
2776:Metapontion
2538:Proto-Greek
2491:Erechtheion
2486:Athena Nike
2448:Philippeion
2277:Mathematics
2248:and science
2131:Agriculture
1995:Stesichorus
1905:Bacchylides
1895:Archilochus
1782:Antisthenes
1772:Anaximander
1744:Seven Sages
1734:Playwrights
1714:Geographers
1709:Astronomers
1536:Pezhetairos
1163: 1100
1143:Federations
1042:Megalopolis
979:City states
954:City states
387:Polyperchon
315:Asthetairoi
305:comes from
297:Asthetairoi
293:Asthetairoi
263:Asthetairos
259:Asthetairoi
253:Asthetairoi
210:cornel wood
181:Description
134:pezhetairoi
18:Pezhetairoi
3627:Categories
3457:Polemonion
3334:Phanagoria
3304:Kimmerikon
3299:Kerkinitis
3284:Hermonassa
3274:Dioscurias
3170:Aspalathos
3117:Kalathousa
3092:Akra Leuke
3021:Phoenicusa
2806:Scylletium
2791:Poseidonia
2711:Brentesion
2598:Pamphylian
2593:Macedonian
2511:Samothrace
2496:Hephaestus
2443:Long Walls
2422:Structures
2363:Underworld
2309:Technology
2272:Literature
2206:Philosophy
2171:Euergetism
2060:By culture
2005:Thucydides
1847:Pythagoras
1842:Protagoras
1832:Parmenides
1817:Heraclitus
1802:Empedocles
1792:Democritus
1777:Anaximenes
1767:Anaxagoras
1719:Historians
1212: 595
1199: 550
1180: 800
1165: â c.
1093:Cappadocia
898:Ionian Sea
888:Hellespont
853:Aegean Sea
680:References
359:, Philip,
322:Battalions
311:hypaspists
261:(singular
187:Macedonian
143:ÏΔζÎÏαÎčÏÎżÎč
80:newspapers
3543:in Epirus
3492:Trapezous
3437:Mesambria
3422:Eupatoria
3392:Apollonia
3387:Anchialos
3349:Theodosia
3319:Nymphaion
3309:Myrmekion
3279:Gorgippia
3235:Black Sea
3220:Tragurion
3205:Nymphaion
3190:Epidauros
3185:Epidamnos
3175:Apollonia
3152:Zacynthos
3074:Ptolemais
3068:Apollonia
3041:Cyrenaica
3031:TherassĂa
3026:Strongyle
3006:Ereikousa
2929:Leontinoi
2869:Apollonia
2746:Hipponion
2543:Mycenaean
2506:Parthenon
2438:Lion Gate
2341:Mythology
2304:Sculpture
2267:Astronomy
2201:Pederasty
2176:Festivals
2161:Education
2041:Lawgivers
2010:Timocreon
1990:Sophocles
1985:Simonides
1960:Philocles
1955:Panyassis
1950:Mimnermus
1915:Herodotus
1910:Euripides
1880:Aeschylus
1827:Leucippus
1787:Aristotle
1566:Strategos
1432:Synedrion
1386:Ostracism
1366:Areopagus
1318:Free city
1113:Macedonia
997:Byzantion
903:Macedonia
868:Cyrenaica
845:Geography
779:Geography
402:Antigenes
349:Perdiccas
231:Parmenion
194:Philip II
3592:Category
3570:Theatres
3497:Tripolis
3432:Kerasous
3427:Heraclea
3359:Tyritake
3314:Nikonion
3225:Thronion
3147:Salauris
3102:Emporion
3059:Berenice
3049:Balagrae
3001:Euonymos
2974:Tyndaris
2959:Syracuse
2954:Selinous
2924:Kamarina
2879:Casmenae
2864:Akrillai
2781:NeĂĄpolis
2716:Caulonia
2697:Mainland
2628:Linear B
2623:Linear A
2553:Dialects
2530:Language
2324:Religion
2282:Medicine
2216:Religion
2181:Folklore
2166:Emporium
2141:Clothing
2136:Calendar
2020:Xenophon
2015:Tyrtaeus
2000:Theognis
1975:Polybius
1970:Plutarch
1945:Menander
1925:Hipponax
1852:Socrates
1807:Epicurus
1653:Diadochi
1551:Sciritae
1511:Hetairoi
1486:Ballista
1451:Military
1414:Gerousia
1404:Ekklesia
1371:Ecclesia
1353:Athenian
1301:Politics
1214:â279 BC)
1201:â366 BC)
1182:â389 BC)
1118:Pergamon
1088:Bithynia
1081:Kingdoms
1022:Pergamon
964:Military
959:Politics
756:Timeline
421:See also
365:Craterus
361:Meleager
235:hoplites
164:hetairos
156:Diadochi
3612:Outline
3565:Temples
3502:Zaliche
3482:ThĂšrmae
3472:Sesamus
3442:Odessos
3417:Cytorus
3412:Cotyora
3162:Illyria
3127:Mainake
3122:Kypsela
3011:Hycesia
2969:Thermae
2949:Segesta
2939:Messana
2894:Helorus
2874:Calacte
2854:Akragas
2816:Sybaris
2801:Rhegion
2756:Krimisa
2706:Alision
2615:Writing
2588:Locrian
2578:Epirote
2548:Homeric
2481:Artemis
2468:Temples
2409:Olympia
2379:Eleusis
2314:Theatre
2299:Pottery
2226:Warfare
2221:Slavery
2156:Economy
2151:Cuisine
2146:Coinage
2123:Society
2108:Culture
2103:Society
2051:Tyrants
1890:Alcaeus
1872:Authors
1822:Hypatia
1812:Gorgias
1749:Writers
1571:Toxotai
1541:Sarissa
1531:Peltast
1526:Phalanx
1506:Hoplite
1501:Hippeis
1424:Macedon
1396:Spartan
1381:Heliaia
1328:Proxeny
1037:Larissa
1032:Kerkyra
1027:Eretria
1017:Miletus
1012:Ephesus
1007:Corinth
1002:Chalcis
923:Taurica
793:Periods
774:History
427:Peltast
414:Alcetas
410:Attalus
396:At the
391:Simmias
381:At the
376:Ptolemy
370:At the
357:Amyntas
343:At the
307:aristoi
243:Bactria
206:sarissa
190:phalanx
94:scholar
3602:Portal
3550:People
3538:Cities
3477:Sinope
3462:Rhizos
3452:Phasis
3402:Bathus
3397:Athina
3382:Amisos
3344:Tanais
3339:Pityus
3264:Charax
3215:Pharos
3210:Orikon
3107:Helike
3097:Alonis
3064:Cyrene
2996:Didyme
2909:Himera
2884:Catana
2846:Sicily
2836:Thurii
2831:Terina
2796:Pixous
2751:Hydrus
2726:Croton
2558:Aeolic
2476:Aphaea
2399:Dodona
2384:Delphi
2353:Temple
2029:Others
1980:Sappho
1965:Pindar
1940:Lucian
1935:Ibycus
1920:Hesiod
1857:Thales
1625:Rulers
1604:People
1581:Xyston
1576:Xiphos
1437:Koinon
1343:Tyrant
1333:Stasis
1323:Koinon
1123:Pontus
1098:Epirus
1067:Sparta
1057:Rhodes
1052:Megara
1047:Thebes
992:Athens
918:Pontus
883:Epirus
873:Cyprus
858:Aeolis
618:
591:
548:
518:
491:
461:
363:, and
353:Coenus
288:asthoi
247:Sogdia
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3560:Stoae
3528:Lists
3447:OinĂČe
3370:coast
3368:South
3354:Tyras
3324:Olbia
3294:Kepoi
3247:coast
3245:North
3238:basin
3180:Aulon
3142:Rhode
3054:Barca
2944:Naxos
2899:Henna
2859:Akrai
2826:Taras
2811:Siris
2771:Medma
2766:Locri
2731:Cumae
2721:Chone
2699:Italy
2605:Koine
2583:Ionic
2573:Doric
2568:Attic
2389:Delos
2287:Music
1930:Homer
1885:Aesop
1837:Plato
1739:Poets
1409:Ephor
1361:Agora
1338:Tagus
1313:Boule
1062:Samos
987:Argos
893:Ionia
878:Doris
863:Crete
433:Notes
337:India
302:asth-
273:Greek
268:asth-
175:pikes
160:pezos
138:Greek
101:JSTOR
87:books
3487:Tium
3254:Akra
3195:Issa
2889:Gela
2761:LaĂŒs
2736:Elea
2394:Dion
2246:Arts
2236:Wine
1862:Zeno
1459:Wars
616:ISBN
589:ISBN
546:ISBN
516:ISBN
489:ISBN
459:ISBN
333:Asia
283:asty
245:and
202:pike
169:The
154:and
132:The
73:news
2191:Law
278:αÏΞ
56:by
3629::
1209:c.
1196:c.
1177:c.
1160:c.
530:^
473:^
441:^
404:,
355:,
351:,
275::
249:.
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3066:(
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