93:. If the two were closely similar, the photoglottograph would represent a quicker and cheaper method of analysis of phonation. However, Baken reports variable results: a study by Coleman and Wendahl concluded that "relating photoglottographic waveforms ... to glottal area is not only hazardous but invalid in many cases", while a later study by Harden found that the photoglottograph provided "essentially the same information on glottal area function as that provided by ultrahigh-speed photography"
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63:. Electronic techniques making use of this observation began to be used in the mid-twentieth century. Instruments such as that designed and manufactured by B. Frøkjaer-Jensen, have used the combination of a light source illuminating the trachea from below, and a light-sensitive cell positioned above the glottis in the
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to detect light passing through the glottis. This cell is fixed near the end of a thin tube inserted through the nose and nasal passages (which leaves the articulators relatively free to move in speech); in the Frøkjaer-Jensen instrument the tube is extended so that a few centimetres can be swallowed
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in order to anchor the light-sensitive cell securely in place. The light from a light source is carried to the neck by a tapered perspex rod pressed against the neck immediately below the thyroid cartilage; alternatively, a cold light source may be applied directly to the neck.
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In addition to the study of vocal fold vibratory patterns, the technique may be used to detect the opening of the glottis for voiceless consonants or the closure of the glottis for
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A number of researchers have attempted to compare the photoglottograph output with measurements of glottal opening based on high-speed or stroboscopic film during
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Harden, R.J. (1975). "Comparison of glottal area changes as measured from ultrahigh-speed photographs and photoelectric glottographs".
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35:. It detects variations in the amount of light that can pass through the glottis as it opens and closes.
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Coleman, R.F.; Wendahl, R.W. (1968). "On the validity of laryngeal photosensor monitoring".
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Czermak, J.N. (1861). "On the laryngoscope, and its employment in physiology and medicine".
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Sonesson, B. (1959). "A method for studying the vibratory movements of the vocal folds".
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Gerratt, Bruce R.; Hanson, David G.; Berke, Gerald S.; Precoda, Kristin (1991-01-01).
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Sonesson, B. (1960). "On the anatomy and vibratory pattern of the human vocal folds".
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patients in the clinic. The technique is thought to be useful in reflecting the
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Annual Report of the
Institute of Phonetics University of Copenhagen
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Photoglottography has been evaluated for usefulness in the study of
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could be illuminated from outside the neck, in what he called
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Lin, E.; Jiang, J.; Hone, S.; Hanson, D. G. (March 1999).
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It was observed by
Czermak in 1861 that the inside of the
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Two main areas have been explored with this technique.
451:"Photoglottographic measures in Parkinson's disease"
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Detection of large-scale glottal opening and closing
27:for investigating the opening and closing of the
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303:Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
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414:"Photoglottography: A clinical synopsis"
160:Clinical Measurement of Speech and Voice
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346:Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
162:. Taylor and Francis. pp. 207–8.
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381:"Glottal gestures in Hindi plosives"
77:Photoglottography in speech research
85:Examination of vocal fold vibration
204:Journal of Laryngology and Otology
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47:Photo-electric glottograph in use
39:Transillumination of the glottis
262:"A photo-electric glottograph"
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467:10.1016/s0892-1997(99)80058-7
430:10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80173-0
398:10.1016/S0095-4470(19)30431-0
260:Frokjaer-Jensen, B. (1967).
57:illumination by transparency
21:photo-electric glottography
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279:10.7146/aripuc.v2i.130672
216:10.1017/S002221510005595X
185:The New Sydenham Society
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495:Laboratory techniques
358:10.1044/jshr.1804.728
247:Acta Otolaryngologica
113:Clinical applications
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385:Journal of Phonetics
379:Dixit, R.P. (1989).
158:Baken, R.J. (1987).
103:glottalic consonants
61:laryngoscopic mirror
25:laboratory technique
315:1968ASAJ...44.1733C
249:. suppl. 156: 1–80.
127:Parkinson's disease
139:Electroglottograph
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323:10.1121/1.1911322
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489:Categories
435:2020-12-16
145:References
125:effect of
70:oesophagus
500:Phonetics
288:252887312
123:phonatory
119:dysphonic
91:phonation
68:into the
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272:: 5–19.
232:35126187
224:13832809
133:See also
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331:5702035
311:Bibcode
65:pharynx
53:trachea
31:in the
29:glottis
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33:larynx
284:S2CID
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191:: 17.
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