31:
217:
prevention of musculoskeletal injuries via minimization of usage of e-games that require movements that can lead to RSI while at the same time being mindful of the physical position the player is in while engaged in video games. Additionally, preventative measures can include flexion and extension stretches in the wrist at warm-up and throughout gameplay. These examples of preventative approaches become particularly important since evidence shows that increased video game playing time will increase the risk of developing these conditions. In early 2000,
267:
154:
259:
413:
The second case was in 2017 in a 14-year-old boy who had painful palmar nodules after spending prolonged periods of time playing games and using his mobile phone. Similarly to the last case, he had inflammation containing neutrophils in the eccrine sweat glands in his palms. The palmer lesions healed
346:
Based on case reports, Achilles tendon injuries can happen with different degrees of severity while playing Wii. These injuries may include tear or complete rupture of
Achilles tendon. The rupture of the tendon will require surgery, while minor tears can be addressed with non-surgical treatments like
216:
It is known that movements that are both high in acceleration and in force can lead to injury if performed repeatedly, and this applies to both larger limbs such as legs and arms, as well as smaller ones such as wrist and fingers. Evidence based guidelines for wise use of e-games by children suggest
169:
complaining of his finger being contracted, flexed, and being unable to relax it back to its baseline position. After medical investigation it was determined that this same finger was being used to use the joystick of his video game remote (no mention of the brand) up to around 6 continuous hours on
292:
described a blister on the thumb caused by repetitive use of a
Playstation 2 controller. The writer dubbed the condition "PS2 thumb". While named similarly to Nintendo thumb, the two do not have the same cause. Playstation thumb is caused by friction and affects the skin (though associated symptoms
250:
approach, Nintendo has faced an increase in injuries with their consoles caused by the
Nintendo Wii. This is because of its novel style of play which involves more physical and interactive activity on behalf of the user. After the release of this console in 2006, the first case report belongs to an
173:
The first occurrence of the
Nintendo thumb condition was published on May 17, 1990 when a 35-year-old woman played a Nintendo video game for the first time. She played it for five hours with no interruptions. The next day, she experienced severe pain in the right thumb (specifically in the extensor
409:
The first case was in 2009 in a 12-year-old girl. She had painful skin lesions on both palms and nowhere else on her body, and the cause of the condition was sourced to playing PlayStation for several hours per day prior to the lesions forming. After the lesions formed, the girl continued to play
274:
Although the interaction is virtual, the injuries are very real and resemble injuries seen in real-life sports ranging from head to toe. A neck-related injury was first reported in 2009 when a 38-year-old man swung his remote control forcefully enough to send him to the emergency department. This
383:
The first case of PlayStation thumb was recognized in a letter to an editor in 2004 from a 9-year-old boy. The boy played PlayStation 2 in a rapid manner for about 20 minutes and felt his thumb become numb and a blister formed. After ceasing gameplay for one week, the thumb healed. Several other
177:
In
January 1991, the condition was termed as "Nintendinitis" by James Casanova, MD, when he evaluated an 8-year-old boy with pain in his thumb. It was found that the pain occurred when the boy flexed his thumb while playing a Nintendo video game, and that he had no history of trauma or disease.
337:
Wii shoulder is soreness and pain in shoulder and upper extremities, often due to playing games like Wii tennis or bowling. A case report of a 22-year-old man who injured his left arm after playing a bowling game on Wii was published in 2008. The injury resulted in pain and swelling.
224:
The pain and discomfort resulted from this injury is usually temporary, and the recommended treatment includes holding back on playing video games for several days. The few published case reports of
Nintendo thumb did note that symptoms resolved upon stopping video game use. Using
403:. Palmar hidradenitis is the inflammation of the palm, primarily in the eccrine sweat glands, causing lesions on the palmar surface of the hands. These lesions develop when people spend prolonged periods of time using their hands to hold and manipulate PlayStation controllers.
380:) causing the skin to appear leathery. It can also be accompanied by changes to the nail, such as the nail plate lifting from the skin. Other symptoms include stiffness, swelling, pain, and tingling in the arm joints such as wrists, elbows, and shoulders.
384:
cases have been published as well. A study involving 120 students in South Africa followed up on the 2004 correspondence and found that 7 of the 17 girls and 8 of the 28 boys who played PlayStation had symptoms of PlayStation Thumb.
324:
Wii knee describes knee-related injuries that happen while playing with the Wii console. According to a case report from 2008, a teenager twisted and fell on his knee while playing the Wii which caused a lateral
170:
a daily basis. All other fingers that did not use the joystick did not witness this injury, and a general approach of anti-inflammatories and eliminating playing time was used to treat this individual.
108:. The general recommendation for the treatment is to rest and stop the repetitive motion of the affected finger (usually the thumb). In more severe and painful cases, using NSAIDs is also recommended.
376:. This condition includes blistering of the thumbs due to excessive use of pressure and friction with the PlayStation controller during gameplay. There is also hardening of the skin on the thumb (
313:("inflammation of sites where tendons and ligaments are attached to the bone"), and epicondylitis (degeneration of the origin of a tendon in the forearm due to overuse of an extensor muscle).
221:
provided protective gloves for its users after receiving 90 case-reports regarding hand injuries. Nintendo now also provides messages during gameplay to remind players to take a break.
410:
PlayStation games, but less intensely than before, which caused the lesions to develop more. The lesions went away completely after stopping playing PlayStation for 10 days.
301:
Wii-itis is the general term that is used for any inflammatory disease or injury due to playing with the Wii console. These injuries are categorized into four major classes:
329:
dislocation. The treatment for his injury required surgery, and he recovered well. This injury can cause osteochondral fractures, tears in tendons, and meniscal injury.
1872:
1769:
Lee LY, Koh MJ (September 2017). "Palmar
Eccrine Hidradenitis Secondary to Trauma from Computer Gaming in an Adolescent After Bone Marrow Transplantation".
1347:"Simulated activity but real trauma: a systematic review on Nintendo Wii injuries based on a case report of an acute anterior cruciate ligament rupture"
255:
injury presented by a 46-year-old man after playing performing a jogging motion requested by the game which led to the rupture of his
Achilles tendon.
1488:
Schett G, Lories RJ, D'Agostino MA, Elewaut D, Kirkham B, Soriano ER, McGonagle D (November 2017). "Enthesitis: from pathophysiology to treatment".
279:
being unable to address the individual's symptoms. Additionally, a 44-year-old woman needed surgery to recover from an unstable knee due to a prior
166:
101:(compression of the median nerve at the wrist). Similar injuries can occur with other gaming systems, such as PlayStation thumb from playing
351:. In 2009, a case report was published describing a 42-year-old woman who tore her left Achilles tendon after stretching her leg on her
348:
226:
1852:
423:
208:
console came to market in 1997, which contained a joystick that caused similar injuries in the palm named "ulcerative nintendinitis".
1818:
139:
games consoles were released in 1989, with reported cases of RSI appearing primarily in children. Later, the controllers for the
135:
use were published in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Nintendo thumb specifically was first highlighted after portable handheld
1295:"Nintendo Wii related Achilles tendon rupture: first reported case and literature review of motion sensing video game injuries"
1109:
Straker L, Abbott R, Collins R, Campbell A (2014). "Evidence-based guidelines for wise use of electronic games by children".
293:
can include pain and stiffness in the hands, shoulders, and neck), while
Nintendo thumb is caused by injuries to the tendon.
131:
Few case reports of symptoms including stiff and painful joints and limited range of motion in the wrist after frequent
30:
778:
Nett MP, Collins MS, Sperling JW (May 2008). "Magnetic resonance imaging of acute "wiiitis" of the upper extremity".
1882:
280:
1952:
185:. However, due to the shape, size, and extended use of game controllers, it can occur in users of any gamepad or
57:. This injury mainly occurs due to repeated thumb movements while playing video games. The symptoms can include
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105:
86:
1168:"Gamer's Health Guide: Optimizing Performance, Recognizing Hazards, and Promoting Wellness in Esports"
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120:
34:
Original
Nintendo Entertainment System controller, which caused first cases of Nintendo thumb injury
400:
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1197:
1134:
853:
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Sparks DA, Coughlin LM, Chase DM (July 2011). "Did too much Wii cause your patient's injury?".
283:(ACL) tear while playing Wii Sports that failed physical therapy recovery just 6 months prior.
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Emara AK, Ng MK, Cruickshank JA, Kampert MW, Piuzzi NS, Schaffer JL, King D (December 2020).
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As of 2021, there have been two reported instances of PlayStation palmar hidradenitis:
377:
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Although overall video game consoles and remote controllers have moved towards a more
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tendon), which she had used to press a button on the video game console repeatedly.
1842:
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807:
555:
433:
392:
302:
62:
1266:
1184:
1167:
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17:
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Kasraee B, Masouyé I, Piguet V (April 2009). "PlayStation palmar hidradenitis".
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205:
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A similar effect was seen in adults using alternative controllers such as the
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90:
50:
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247:
230:
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1636:"Skin in the game: Video-game-related cutaneous pathologies in adolescents"
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Robinson RJ, Barron DA, Grainger AJ, Venkatesh R (July 2008). "Wii knee".
658:
496:
Jalink MB, Heineman E, Pierie JP, ten Cate Hoedemaker HO (December 2014).
65:(a tingling or a burning feeling in the skin), as well as swelling of the
1915:
1412:
306:
218:
186:
136:
94:
82:
751:
686:
560:
South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Geneeskunde
586:"Paresthesia | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"
326:
58:
1782:
513:
233:
to relieve the inflammation from the RSI is another treatment option.
1877:
999:
Osterman AL, Weinberg P, Miller G (February 1987). "Joystick digit".
395:
has been diagnosed through an examination to confirm the presence of
74:
70:
1215:
Tholl C, Bickmann P, Wechsler K, Froböse I, Grieben C (July 2022).
738:
Beddy P, Dunne R, de Blacam C (February 2009). "Achilles wiiitis".
941:
123:(degeneration of tendons that control the movement of the thumb).
78:
66:
54:
1217:"Musculoskeletal disorders in video gamers - a systematic review"
368:
PlayStation thumb is defined, similarly to Nintendo thumb, as a
140:
102:
414:
on their own in two weeks after stopping PlayStation gameplay.
116:
1640:
International Journal of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
906:
Neiman R, Ushiroda S (May 1981). "Slot-machine tendinitis".
399:(a type of immune cell present during inflammation) in the
189:. Similar problems have also been observed with the use of
1580:
Almedghio SM, Shablahidis O, Rennie W, Ashford RU (2009).
1267:"BBC News | SCI/TECH | Nintendo to hand out gaming gloves"
1069:
Casanova J, Casanova J (January 1991). ""Nintendinitis"".
97:(inflammation of the fluid-filled sac around joints), and
1582:"Wii knee revisited: meniscal injury from 10-pin bowling"
1153:"Gamer's Thumb: Prevention and Relief for Console Gamers"
111:
Other less localized injuries in the shoulder, knee, and
716:
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
590:
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
157:
The repetitive motion of the thumb or other fingers on
498:"Nintendo related injuries and other problems: review"
1293:
Singh R, Manoharan G, Moores TS, Patel A (May 2014).
316:
Common forms of injuries related to the Wii include:
459:"Gamer's thumb: a looming injury for console gamers"
161:
can cause the same type of injury as Nintendo thumb.
309:(inflammation of fluid filled sacs around joints),
275:injury required a minor surgery to address due to
119:. Some of the symptoms can be associated with the
681:
679:
1345:Müller SA, Vavken P, Pagenstert G (March 2015).
262:Bursitis in elbow is a common Wii related injury
1629:
1627:
1625:
823:
821:
819:
817:
556:"Playstation thumb--a new epidemic in children"
115:have also been noted to arise from playing the
1104:
1102:
1100:
967:
965:
963:
961:
871:Gibofsky A (January 1983). "Pac-Man phalanx".
286:A case report from 2004 that was published in
204:Reports of nintendinitis resurfaced after the
1683:Vaidya HJ (March 2004). "Playstation thumb".
1445:Vaidya HJ (March 2004). "Playstation thumb".
1340:
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8:
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1286:
549:
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543:
541:
491:
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165:In 1987, an 11-year-old boy reported to the
73:can be affected. This can lead to stress on
773:
771:
769:
733:
731:
197:in particular, called texter's thumb (see
1659:
1605:
1548:
1533:"Lateral epicondylitis: Current concepts"
1421:
1411:
1370:
1318:
1242:
1232:
1183:
1034:Hart EJ (May 1990). "Nintendo epilepsy".
634:
521:
1396:"A Wii-related clay-shoveler's fracture"
265:
257:
152:
29:
450:
1537:Australian Journal of General Practice
740:AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology
611:"10-minute consultation: Paraesthesia"
1531:Johns N, Shridhar V (November 2020).
1394:Brown CN, McKenna P (November 2009).
150:were noted as causing the condition.
49:(RSI) caused by excessive playing of
7:
227:nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
1634:Kyriakou G, Glentis A (June 2021).
1036:The New England Journal of Medicine
908:The New England Journal of Medicine
712:"Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Fact Sheet"
693:. U.S. National Library of Medicine
665:. U.S. National Library of Medicine
372:(RSI) caused by excessive use of a
167:Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
1728:The British Journal of Dermatology
424:Video game-related health problems
378:lichenified hyperkeratotic papules
25:
1899:"Computer games pose injury risk"
93:(severe swelling of the tendon),
1838:"Computer games cripple kiddies"
1740:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09058.x
1013:10.1001/jama.1987.03390060072023
45:and similar names, is a form of
1911:"Girl probes PlayStation thumb"
1819:"Nintendo Thumb' Points to RSI"
1172:Current Sports Medicine Reports
388:PlayStation palmar hidradenitis
85:in the hands, and further onto
55:traditional Nintendo controller
1817:Graziano C (3 December 1998).
974:The Journal of Family Practice
183:Nintendo Wii Remote Controller
1:
1851:Moncur L (14 November 2006).
1836:Haines L (12 December 2000).
1697:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15865-0
1459:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15865-0
1221:BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
1083:10.1016/s0363-5023(10)80043-7
1490:Nature Reviews. Rheumatology
1185:10.1249/JSR.0000000000000787
1123:10.1080/00140139.2014.895856
359:PlayStation-related injuries
347:physical therapy and use of
159:Sony Playstation controllers
27:Injury caused by video games
1652:10.1016/j.ijpam.2019.09.002
1363:10.1097/MD.0000000000000648
1071:The Journal of Hand Surgery
1048:10.1056/NEJM199005173222020
920:10.1056/NEJM198105283042228
297:Different forms of Wii-itis
1974:
1234:10.1186/s12891-022-05614-0
281:anterior cruciate ligament
1871:Thompson D (6 May 2005).
1400:TheScientificWorldJournal
842:10.1007/s10140-008-0712-7
792:10.1007/s00256-008-0456-1
627:10.1136/bmj.324.7352.1501
1598:10.1136/bcr.11.2008.1189
1550:10.31128/AJGP-07-20-5519
1502:10.1038/nrrheum.2017.188
873:Arthritis and Rheumatism
370:repetitive strain injury
270:Ruptured Achilles tendon
212:Treatment and prevention
47:repetitive strain injury
1311:10.1136/bcr-2013-202657
885:10.1002/art.1780260127
554:Karim SA (June 2005).
374:PlayStation controller
271:
263:
237:Other related injuries
162:
99:carpal tunnel syndrome
35:
1771:Pediatric Dermatology
942:"Nintendo - about us"
269:
261:
156:
87:lateral epicondylitis
33:
1873:"Video Game Victims"
1831:on 12 February 2005.
1413:10.1100/tsw.2009.134
1155:. November 10, 2019.
401:eccrine sweat glands
121:De Quervain syndrome
1905:. 23 December 1999.
1853:"Blackberry thumb?"
830:Emergency Radiology
752:10.2214/AJR.08.1654
609:Pal B (June 2002).
219:Nintendo of America
780:Skeletal Radiology
465:. 10 November 2019
463:Esports Healthcare
272:
264:
163:
89:("tennis elbow"),
36:
1783:10.1111/pde.13224
1592:: bcr1120081189.
1305:: bcr2013202657.
514:10.1136/bmj.g7267
364:PlayStation thumb
342:Achilles Wii-itis
18:Playstation thumb
16:(Redirected from
1965:
1953:Overuse injuries
1928:
1926:
1924:
1906:
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1890:
1881:. Archived from
1867:
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1847:
1832:
1827:. Archived from
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1777:(5): e283–e285.
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1586:BMJ Case Reports
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1299:BMJ Case Reports
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429:Blackberry thumb
277:physical therapy
199:Blackberry thumb
41:, also known as
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1810:Further reading
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113:Achilles tendon
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1919:. 23 June 2005
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1734:(4): 892–894.
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1453:(9414): 1080.
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1271:news.bbc.co.uk
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1117:(4): 471–489.
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980:(7): 404–409.
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836:(4): 255–257.
813:
786:(5): 481–483.
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621:(7352): 1501.
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439:Golfer's elbow
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39:Nintendo thumb
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1948:Inflammations
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1885:on 7 May 2005
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