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that his predecessor had prepared. Even when reports about the murder of Jews reached the
Vatican, the Pope did not protest either verbally or in writing. In December 1942, he abstained from signing the Allied declaration condemning the extermination of the Jews. When Jews were deported from Rome to Auschwitz, the Pope did not intervene. The Pope maintained his neutral position throughout the war, with the exception of appeals to the rulers of Hungary and Slovakia towards its end. His silence and the absence of guidelines obliged Churchmen throughout Europe to decide on their own how to react.
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In 1933, when he was
Secretary of the Vatican State, he was active in obtaining a Concordat with the German regime to preserve the Church's rights in Germany, even if this meant recognizing the Nazi racist regime. When he was elected Pope in 1939, he shelved a letter against racism and anti-Semitism
216:
to researchers. Yad Vashem defended the caption but stated that it was "prepared to continue examining the issue". A spokesperson for the museum stated: "The
Holocaust history museum presents the historical truth on Pope Pius XII as is known to scholars today. It is unacceptable to use diplomatic
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The
Israeli newspaper Haaretz provided some excerpts from the revised language. The new text cites the pope's defenders, who maintain that his "neutrality prevented harsher measures against the Vatican and the Church's institutions throughout Europe, thus enabling a considerable number of secret
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who has written many books defending Pius XII against his critics, stated around the same time: "I have asked Yad Vashem to posthumously recognize and honor him as 'Righteous among the nations'", although as a non-Jew she would be unable to make such a nomination.
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212:, refused to attend an annual memorial service in Jerusalem in protest over the aforementioned caption. Yad Vashem responded that it was "shocked" by Franco's actions and called on the Vatican to open its
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rescue activities to take place at different levels of the Church." However, "until all relevant material is available to scholars, this topic will remain open to further inquiry," the new text reads.
186:, announced in September 2009 that he was preparing documents for such a nomination. Krupp announced similar intentions for at least a year. According to Prof. John K. Roth, writing in the
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In July 2012, the museum "slightly softened its rhetoric" and changed the wording in a way that "incorporates views of those who defend the Pope." An excerpt follows:
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Prior to July 2012, Yad Vashem affixed the following caption, in
English and Hebrew, to two photographs of Pius XII in its Jerusalem memorial:
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spoke at Yad Vashem during his 2000 trip to the Middle East, but declined to directly comment on the conduct of his predecessor.
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return of Jewish children baptized during the
Holocaust by Catholic institutions
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Overview of the relationship between Pope Pius XII and the Yad Vashem monument
38:. For decades, Pius XII has been nominated unsuccessfully for recognition as
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Born
Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli, 2 March 1876 – 9 October 1958
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Nominations may only be made by Jews and may not concern the rescue of
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The caption made reference to the following controversies concerning
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has been administered by a committee chaired by a justice of the
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Foundation seeks place of honor for Pope Pius XII at Yad Vashem
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Israeli
Holocaust museum changes exhibit featured Pope Pius XII
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397:. 2000, March 24. "John Paul's Mideast Journey". p. A20.
296:. 1966, May 18. "Dr. Arieh Kubovy dies at 69". p. 46.
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in 1953. The nominations process for designation as
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International
Catholic-Jewish Historical Commission
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145:. The honor has been extended to two of Pius XII's
143:Jews converted to Catholicism during the Holocaust
217:pressure when dealing with historical research."
307:Rabbi says Pius XII deserves 'Righteous' title
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164:proposed such a nomination in his 2005 book
85:His lack of public protest of the Holocaust
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114:Nominations as Righteous among the Nations
1255:Pius XII, The Holocaust, and the Cold War
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415:Vatican boycotts Holocaust remembrance
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268:, The Jerusalem Post, March 7, 2012.
81:, "The Hidden Encyclical" of Pius XI
377:John K. Roth. 2007. Book review of
266:Vatican to skip Yad Vashem ceremony
284:, Los Angeles Times, July 2, 2012.
247:Pope Pius XII and the Roman razzia
232:Pius XII and the German Resistance
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1077:Apostolic constitutions and bulls
194:Vatican relations with Yad Vashem
30:, has generally been critical of
413:Rory McCarthy. 2007, April 14. "
227:Catholic Church and Nazi Germany
99:Vatican City during World War II
67:His role in the drafting of the
1300:Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust
242:Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust
182:Gary Krupp, the founder of the
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617:Communium interpretes dolorum
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680:Redemptoris nostri cruciatus
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483:Cardinal Secretary of State
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188:Journal of Church and State
124:Righteous among the Nations
40:Righteous Among the Nations
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926:Jewish orphans controversy
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327:Pius XII's massive crusade
305:Zenit. 2006, January 17. "
90:His reaction to the Roman
75:His failure to promulgate
1310:Holy See–Israel relations
1248:The Myth of Hitler's Pope
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325:Zenit. 2006, October 8. "
237:Pope Pius XII and Judaism
167:The Myth of Hitler's Pope
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848:Ad Apostolorum principis
834:Le pèlerinage de Lourdes
722:Sempiternus Rex Christus
638:Deiparae Virginis Mariae
596:Mystici Corporis Christi
941:Alleged kidnapping plot
603:Divino afflante Spiritu
341:. 2009, September 28. "
184:Pave the Way Foundation
128:Supreme Court of Israel
1241:Under His Very Windows
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673:In multiplicibus curis
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891:Persecution of Church
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339:Catholic News Service
78:Humani generis unitas
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736:Orientales Ecclesias
610:Orientalis Ecclesiae
357:. 2008, October 7. "
172:Margherita Marchione
906:Catholic Resistance
729:Ingruentium malorum
715:Evangelii praecones
359:Revisiting Pius XII
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1061:Fátima and Balazar
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884:conversion of Jews
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364:2011-12-02 at the
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34:, the pope during
28:Holocaust memorial
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1200:Works on Pius XII
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896:German Resistance
771:Ad Sinarum gentem
743:Doctor Mellifluus
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264:Etgar Lefkovits,
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153:(in Hungary) and
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778:Ad Caeli Reginam
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529:Later years
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253:References
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362:Archived
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221:See also
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1272:Related
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