350:("the compound past") began to compete with it from the 12th century onwards, and has since replaced it almost entirely. French simple past is mostly used in a narrative way to tell stories and describe successive actions. Novelists use it commonly: it brings more suspense, as the sentence can be short without any temporal reference needed. In oral language, the simple past is rarely used except while telling a story; therefore, it would be atypical to hear it in a standard discussion.
1112:*Many -ere verbs in Italian have stem alternations in the 1st person singular, 3rd person singular and 3rd person plural. Some verbs (with d/t in their stem, including credere) also have endings -etti (1st person singular), -ette (3rd person singular), and -ettero (3rd person plural). Additionally, unlike in most languages, the third person plural is stressed on the irregular root. (Posero is stressed on the first syllable (POH-se-ro), not the second syllable (poh-SEH-ro).)
562:
611:(literally, the simple past or simple perfect). The preterite indicates a past accomplished action (translated: "verbed"); however, this tense is not frequent in the official language and not frequent in the standard speech (not used in Republic of Moldova and not used in the Romanian regions of Transylvania, Muntenia and Moldova). The general tendency is to use the compound past (
1939:
In modern German, however, these tenses no longer reflect any distinction in aspect ("Es hat geregnet" means both rained/was raining), which parallels this lack of distinction in the present, which has no separate verb form for the present progressive ("Es regnet": It rains, it is raining). The
140:. When the term "preterite" is used in relation to specific languages, it may not correspond precisely to this definition. In English it can be used to refer to the simple past verb form, which sometimes (but not always) expresses perfective aspect. The case of
1916:, a borrowing from Latin terminology.) Originally the distinction was as strong as in English: The Präteritum was the standard, most neutral form for past actions, and could also express an event in the remote past, contrasting with the
2571:, which used to be both indicative of the preterite (today: ich machte) and subjunctive of the (in this respect rightly so-called) imperfect (today: ich machte in subclauses, ich würde machen in main clauses and colloquially).
1481:
In most other variants of
Spanish, such as in the Americas and in the Canary Islands, this distinction has tended to fade, with the preterite being used even for actions in the immediate pre-present with continuing relevance.
1441:
The third person singular and plural forms of all verbs ending in -uir and -oír, as well as some verbs ending in -aer (excluding traer), end in -yó and -yeron, respectively; these are needed to keep their respective sounds.
626:, Crișana and Maramureș, mostly in rural areas. Usage of the preterite is very frequent in written narrative discourse, the simple past of the speech verbs being generally after a dialogue line in narration:
328:(the simple past). It is a past tense that indicates an action taken once in the past that was completed at some point in the past (translated: "<verb>ed"). This is as opposed to the imperfect (
2169:
has gone even further and has no preterite at all. Rather, there is only one past tense, which is formed using what was originally perfect. The dialect of German spoken in North
America known as
1394:, irrespective of whether they express completed or incomplete actions or events.) Usually, a definite start time or end time for the action is stated. This is opposed to the
2381:, where the preterite almost always referred to the past and was often interchangeable with the perfect. In the course of time the preterite fell into disuse in all
1390:
that indicates that an action taken once in the past was completed at a specific point in time in the past. (Traditional
Spanish terminology calls all past tenses
1421:
The special spellings for the "yo" form of the preterite are listed below (the accent mark goes over the 'e'); these are needed to keep their respective sounds.
1944:
tense, i.e. a tense used primarily for describing connected past actions (e.g. as part of a story), and is used most often in formal writing and in literature.
1155:. The Portuguese preterite has the same form as the Spanish preterite, but the meaning is like the "composed past" of French and Italian in that, for example,
104:
form serving to denote events that took place or were completed in the past; in some languages, such as
Spanish, French, and English, it is equivalent to the
648:
The second person is often used in questions about finishing an action in progress that is supposed to be over, giving the question a more informal tone:
2161:(to have), the Präteritum is rarely used in the spoken language and informal writing, though the grammatical form is fundamental to producing the
218:
in the past. If the past action was not completed, one would use the imperfect. The perfect in Latin also functions in other circumstances as a
2654:
Walserdeutsch in Saley. Wortinhaltliche
Untersuchungen zu Mundart und Weltsicht der altertümlichen Siedlung Salecchio/Saley (Antigoriotal).
2594:
1449:
include most verbs ending in -ducir as well as most verbs that are irregular in the "yo" form of the present tense (including traer).
637:
When used in everyday speech in standard
Romanian, the preterite is used with the value of recent past, a recently completed action:
2548:
2514:
69:
2413:
2688:
156:
78:
148:
is the simple (non-compound) past tense, which does not always imply perfective aspect, and is anyway often replaced by the
1779:
to the cinema. (Preterite of "go"; uses a completely different verb - the Anglo-Saxon 'wendan' from which comes 'to wend'.)
1115:
In a few remarkable cases, all three options exist for a single verb, although usage of each of these forms may vary. For
2732:
2737:
2170:
1398:, which refers to any repeated, continuous, or habitual past action. Thus, "I ran five miles yesterday" would use the
1886:
2712:
889:(literally "remote past"). It is a past tense that indicates an action taken once and completed far in the past (
2586:
2477:"Latin American Spanish: Preterite Versus Present Perfect [+7 Examples & Quiz] | Language Atlas"
1768:
1446:
332:), used in expressing repeated, continual, or habitual past actions (often corresponding to English's past
2382:
2476:
618:
Simple past is still actively used in current speech in the southwestern part of
Romania, especially in
2676:
1810:
1764:
1360:
2540:
2530:
2506:
2496:
1148:
2445:
303:
can be translated as (preterite) "I led", "I did lead", or (in the present perfect) "I have led."
2408:
2188:
1715:
1707:
1659:
1399:
2184:
has also largely lost the preterite form. The only exception were the speakers of the isolated
2684:
2658:
2633:
2590:
2544:
2510:
2403:
2378:
2185:
1415:
1387:
1176:
604:
333:
179:
115:
111:
97:
2623:
2181:
2166:
1681:
1372:
1180:
882:
37:
2386:
1897:
1813:
or positive counterpart does not use any auxiliary or modal verb, then the auxiliary verb
1706:), sometimes with spelling modifications. This is the result of the conjugation system of
1461:
1457:
1453:
1172:
1159:
means both "I ran" and "I have run." As in other
Romance languages, it is opposed to the
340:
321:
219:
1767:, or because the verb conjugations are the remains of a more complex system of tenses in
315:
561:
1798:
921:
917:
203:
19:
This article is about the grammatical term. For the eschatological interpretation, see
615:) to express a past action that is perceived as completed at the moment of speaking.
2726:
2704:
1878:
1806:
131:
2458:
2126:
1356:
141:
114:(event viewed as a single whole; it is not to be confused with the similarly named
2611:
2162:
2138:
1882:
1763:, a regular set of sound changes (to an interior vowel) in the conjugation of a
1711:
1686:
1675:
106:
1718:. As a result, all newly introduced verbs have the weak conjugation. Examples:
1826:
1822:
1802:
1756:
1703:
1663:
1460:. The preterite denotes an action that began and ended in the past, while the
663:, a stressed suffix that is different in each group of verbs, and the endings
660:
182:
119:
2709:
Development of the
Cannanite dialects: an investigation in linguistic history
2637:
2628:
1941:
1920:, which expressed an event that has consequences reaching into the present.
1407:
1395:
1164:
126:. In grammars of particular languages the preterite is sometimes called the
20:
2165:
and conditional forms, while compound verb conjugations are used instead.
925:
905:(literally "close past"), which refers to an action completed recently (
897:
tense, which refers to a repeated, continuous, or habitual past action (
2662:
2134:
2130:
1809:
and negative clauses do not use their main verbs' preterites; if their
619:
595:
2612:"Pennsylvania German Stereotype: Particles, Prepositions, and Adverbs"
1406:, whereas "I ran five miles every morning" would use the first-person
659:
The forms of the simple perfect are made of an unstressed stem of the
2398:
1760:
136:
1456:, there is still a strong distinction between the preterite and the
306:
A pronoun subject is often omitted, and usually used for emphasis.
623:
1928:"It rained. / It was raining." (I am talking about a past event.)
2436:, Éd. Rodopi B.V. 10 janvier 2007, Coll. Cahiers Chronos, p.125.
1384:
101:
2377:
The preterite was a common
Semitic form, well attested in the
2173:
has also undergone this change with the exception of the verb
55:
1464:
denotes an action that began in the past and is over; thus,
49:
1452:
In most Iberian Mainland Spanish and, to a lesser extent,
1716:
taking over earlier conjugations of some old strong verbs
58:
932:
in any perfective situation, Southern Italians will use
346:). In the spoken language, the compound tense known as
2681:
Studies in the Akkadian of Ugarit: dating and grammar
70:
1751:
him on social media. (A verb with a weak preterite.)
1119:
for example, the first person singular can occur as
61:
52:
46:
43:
2459:"Preterite vs Imperfect: Part I - StudySpanish.com"
2434:
Sémantique et Diachronie du Système Verbal Français
1825:and the main verb appears in its plain form, as an
1755:A number of English verbs form their preterites by
40:
1786:breakfast late this morning. (Preterite of "eat.")
1191:mean "I have run" but rather "I've been running."
152:(compound past) even in perfective past meanings.
2432:Emmanuelle Labeau, Carl Vetters, Patrick Caudal,
1900:has a grammatical distinction between preterite (
1662:, the term "preterite" is sometimes used for the
1438:The endings for -er and -ir verbs are identical.
2389:" in Hebrew and "imperfect with lam" in Arabic.
901:, "I was eating" or "I used to eat") and to the
1714:, being raised to paradigmatic status and even
2539:]. Mannheim: Duden Verlag. 1973. pp.
2505:]. Mannheim: Duden Verlag. 1973. pp.
2448:detailed guide of Romanian grammar and usage.
2385:, leaving traces such as the "imperfect with
1131:(compare to the past participle which can be
8:
2657:. Bern/Stuttgart: Haupt. pp. 362–371.
1935:"It has rained." (The street is still wet.)
2414:Wiktionary list of English irregular verbs
2191:dialect which disappeared around 1963/64.
2627:
1093:-erono (crederono) / -ettero (credettero)
2200:
1953:
1487:
1196:
941:
669:
667:, which are the same for all the verbs:
560:
355:
227:
2425:
16:Grammatical tense denoting a past event
1908:). (Older grammar books sometimes use
1740:the Viking aside. (Original preterite
1431:-zar verbs: -cé (almorzar>almorcé)
1414:. This distinction is actually one of
924:of Italy. While Northern Italians and
916:becomes more prevalent going from the
644:I have just heard George on the radio.
633:This is a murder! said the policeman.
2683:. Butzon & Bercker. p. 506.
210:tense most commonly functions as the
7:
2610:Huffines, Marion Lois (1984-12-01).
1940:Präteritum now has the meaning of a
1849:she play the piano when she was ten?
912:In colloquial usage, the use of the
631:Aici avem o crimă!, zise polițistul.
548:, ...), and all of their derivations
2616:Yearbook of German-American Studies
2177:which still retains a simple past.
1947:Typical conjugations with the word
1793:to the store. (Preterite of "run.")
1744:, from an Old English strong verb.)
1477:todo el día (I have eaten all day.)
1428:-car verbs: -qué (buscar>busqué)
1175:) but its meaning is not that of a
1123:(irregular and most correct form),
893:, "I ate"). This is opposed to the
642:Tocmai îl auzii pe George la radio.
110:tense. In general, it combines the
1797:With the exception of "to be" and
1471:todo el día. (I ate all day long.)
1434:-guar verbs: -güé (aguar>agüé)
1416:perfective vs. imperfective aspect
189:), meaning "passed by" or "past."
174:. The word derives from the Latin
14:
1425:-gar verbs: -gué (jugar>jugué)
1167:). Note that there does exist a
1447:anomalous stems in the preterite
371:-oir(e) verbs (vouloir) (croire)
155:Preterite may be denoted by the
122:and may thus also be termed the
36:
2583:A Guide to Old Literary Yiddish
975:-ei (credei) / -etti (credetti)
2141:), beyond the auxiliary verbs
1:
2567:, I'd do, comes from archaic
1710:, already in the majority in
1135:(irregular, most correct) or
1023:-é (credé) / -ette (credette)
665:-i, -și, -∅, -răm, -răți, -ră
655:Are you done, have you read ?
1684:'s preterites (often called
1445:Examples of verbs that have
607:, the preterite is known as
584: Area of infrequent use
324:, the preterite is known as
2194:Conjugations with the word
1169:pretérito perfeito composto
234:dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus
134:grammatical tradition) the
2756:
1887:Uses of English verb forms
1702:to the verb's plain form (
1673:
1377:pretérito perfecto simple,
885:, the preterite is called
313:
214:, and refers to an action
130:, or (particularly in the
18:
2713:American Oriental Society
2581:Jerold C. Frakes (2017).
577: Area of partial use
565:Use in interwar Romania:
510:
2629:10.17161/ygas.v19i.19369
936:even for recent events.
337:was/were <verb>ing
2587:Oxford University Press
2125:For example, in spoken
1862:he plant corn and oats?
1694:) are formed by adding
1402:preterite form of ran,
1151:, the preterite is the
2651:Frei, Gertrud (1970).
2383:West Semitic languages
1877:For more details, see
1856:not read the book yet.
1485:Typical conjugations:
1194:Typical conjugations:
1179:; instead it shows an
954:-ere verbs (prendere)*
939:Typical conjugations:
600:
353:Typical conjugations:
1759:, a result of either
951:-ere verbs (credere)*
594:Historical region of
564:
225:Typical conjugation:
157:glossing abbreviation
1609:-asteis (hablasteis)
1502:most irregular verbs
1381:pretérito indefinido
1361:Brazilian Portuguese
1212:most irregular verbs
1161:pretérito imperfeito
948:-are verbs (parlare)
847:-ârăți (coborârăți)
841:-serăți (merserăți)
691:-î verbs (a coborî)
679:-ea verbs (a tăcea)
344:used to <verb>
2733:Grammatical aspects
2171:Pennsylvania German
1618:-isteis (pusisteis)
1615:-isteis (vivisteis)
1612:-isteis (comisteis)
957:-ire verbs (finire)
909:, "I have eaten").
844:-irăți (dormirăți)
832:-arăți (intrarăți)
688:-i verbs (a dormi)
685:-e verbs (a merge)
676:-a verbs (a intra)
2738:Grammatical tenses
2409:Grammatical aspect
1817:(the preterite of
1660:Germanic languages
1654:Germanic languages
1493:-ar verbs (hablar)
1324:-estes (soubestes)
1321:-istes (partistes)
1318:-estes (correstes)
1209:-ir verbs (partir)
1206:-er verbs (correr)
1153:pretérito perfeito
1090:-arono (parlarono)
838:-urăți (cerurăți)
835:-urăți (tăcurăți)
829:voi/dumneavoastră
824:-ârăm (coborârăm)
818:-serăm (merserăm)
682:-e verbs (a cere)
601:
500:-irent (rendirent)
374:Irregular (tenir)
368:-re verbs (rendre)
294:-ērunt (dūxērunt)
284:-istis (dūxistis)
2677:Wilfred van Soldt
2404:Grammatical tense
2379:Akkadian language
2373:Semitic languages
2370:
2369:
2216:Konj. Präteritum
2186:Highest Alemannic
2123:
2122:
1969:Konj. Präteritum
1651:
1650:
1644:-ieron (pusieron)
1641:-ieron (vivieron)
1638:-ieron (comieron)
1499:-ir verbs (vivir)
1496:-er verbs (comer)
1375:, the preterite (
1353:
1352:
1110:
1109:
1103:-irono (finirono)
1074:-este (prendeste)
1052:-emmo (prendemmo)
1004:-esti (prendesti)
874:
873:
821:-irăm (dormirăm)
809:-arăm (intrarăm)
571: Area of use
554:
553:
497:-irent (finirent)
494:-èrent (aimèrent)
365:-ir verbs (finir)
362:-er verbs (aimer)
298:
297:
193:Romance languages
112:perfective aspect
98:grammatical tense
2745:
2717:
2716:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2631:
2607:
2601:
2600:
2578:
2572:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2527:
2521:
2520:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2463:studyspanish.com
2455:
2449:
2446:Romanian Grammar
2443:
2437:
2430:
2201:
2182:Alemannic German
1954:
1933:Es hat geregnet.
1680:The majority of
1635:-aron (hablaron)
1587:-amos (hablamos)
1539:-aste (hablaste)
1488:
1346:-eram (souberam)
1343:-iram (partiram)
1340:-eram (correram)
1315:-astes (amastes)
1302:-emos (soubemos)
1299:-imos (partimos)
1296:-emos (corremos)
1258:-este (soubeste)
1255:-iste (partiste)
1252:-este (correste)
1203:-ar verbs (amar)
1197:
1183:. For example,
1181:iterative aspect
1071:-este (credeste)
1068:-aste (parlaste)
1049:-emmo (credemmo)
1046:-ammo (parlammo)
1001:-esti (credesti)
998:-asti (parlasti)
942:
930:passato prossimo
903:passato prossimo
870:-âră (coborâră)
864:-seră (merseră)
815:-urăm (cerurăm)
812:-urăm (tăcurăm)
778:-âși (coborâși)
772:-seși (merseși)
670:
613:perfectul compus
609:perfectul simplu
591:
589:
585:
583:
578:
576:
572:
570:
503:-urent (crurent)
478:-îtes (rendîtes)
456:-îmes (rendîmes)
356:
348:le passé composé
274:-imus (dūximus)
254:-istī (dūxistī)
228:
173:
172:
165:
164:
144:is similar: the
94:
93:
86:
85:
73:
68:
67:
64:
63:
60:
57:
54:
51:
48:
45:
42:
2755:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2691:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2597:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2562:
2558:
2551:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2517:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2444:
2440:
2431:
2427:
2422:
2395:
2387:waw-consecutive
2375:
2210:Ind. Präteritum
1963:Ind. Präteritum
1904:) and perfect (
1895:
1836:she busy today?
1769:irregular verbs
1704:bare infinitive
1678:
1672:
1656:
1629:
1596:-imos (pusimos)
1593:-imos (vivimos)
1590:-imos (comimos)
1559:
1548:-iste (pusiste)
1545:-iste (viviste)
1542:-iste (comiste)
1462:present perfect
1458:present perfect
1454:Mexican Spanish
1369:
1173:present perfect
1145:
1077:-iste (finiste)
1055:-immo (finimmo)
1007:-isti (finisti)
879:
867:-iră (dormiră)
855:-ară (intrară)
775:-iși (dormiși)
763:-ași (intrași)
653:Gata, citirăți?
592:
587:
586:
581:
580:
579:
574:
573:
568:
567:
566:
559:
475:-îtes (finîtes)
472:-âtes (aimâtes)
453:-îmes (finîmes)
450:-âmes (aimâmes)
326:le passé simple
318:
312:
220:present perfect
200:
195:
168:
167:
160:
159:
124:perfective past
91:
90:
83:
82:
71:
39:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2718:
2696:
2689:
2668:
2643:
2602:
2596:978-0191087943
2595:
2589:. p. 60.
2573:
2556:
2549:
2522:
2515:
2488:
2468:
2450:
2438:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2394:
2391:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2243:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2153:(to be able),
2121:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1937:
1936:
1929:
1894:
1891:
1875:
1874:
1873:to the cinema.
1863:
1857:
1850:
1844:
1837:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1753:
1752:
1745:
1734:
1727:
1726:corn and oats.
1674:Main article:
1671:
1668:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1479:
1478:
1472:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1368:
1365:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1337:-aram (amaram)
1335:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1293:-ámos (amámos)
1291:
1285:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1249:-aste (amaste)
1247:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1144:
1141:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
990:
989:
986:
983:
976:
973:
970:
964:
963:
958:
955:
952:
949:
946:
934:passato remoto
914:passato remoto
887:passato remoto
878:
875:
872:
871:
868:
865:
862:
861:-ură (cerură)
859:
858:-ură (tăcură)
856:
853:
849:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
826:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
807:
803:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
780:
779:
776:
773:
770:
769:-uși (ceruși)
767:
766:-uși (tăcuși)
764:
761:
757:
756:
755:-âi (coborâi)
753:
750:
749:-sei (mersei)
747:
744:
741:
738:
734:
733:
727:
721:
715:
709:
703:
697:
693:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
657:
656:
646:
645:
635:
634:
622:, but also in
590: Not used
558:
555:
552:
551:
550:
549:
530:
508:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
486:
485:
482:
481:-ûtes (crûtes)
479:
476:
473:
470:
464:
463:
460:
459:-ûmes (crûmes)
457:
454:
451:
448:
442:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
420:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
398:
397:
394:
391:
388:
385:
382:
376:
375:
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
314:Main article:
311:
308:
296:
295:
292:
286:
285:
282:
276:
275:
272:
266:
265:
262:
256:
255:
252:
246:
245:
242:
236:
235:
232:
199:
196:
194:
191:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2751:
2750:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2715:. p. 47.
2714:
2710:
2706:
2705:Zellig Harris
2700:
2697:
2692:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2664:
2660:
2656:
2653:
2647:
2644:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2606:
2603:
2598:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2552:
2550:3-411-00914-4
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2533:
2532:Die Grammatik
2526:
2523:
2518:
2516:3-411-00914-4
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2499:
2498:Die Grammatik
2492:
2489:
2478:
2472:
2469:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2451:
2447:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2419:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2372:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2213:Konj. Präsens
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2149:(to become),
2148:
2144:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1966:Konj. Präsens
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1945:
1943:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1879:English verbs
1872:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1807:interrogative
1804:
1800:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1750:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1677:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1185:tenho corrido
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
991:
987:
984:
981:
977:
974:
971:
969:
966:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
943:
940:
937:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
910:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
876:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
850:
846:
843:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
827:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
804:
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
781:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
759:
758:
754:
752:-ii (dormii)
751:
748:
745:
742:
740:-ai (intrai)
739:
736:
735:
732:
728:
726:
722:
720:
716:
714:
710:
708:
704:
702:
698:
695:
694:
690:
687:
684:
681:
678:
675:
672:
671:
668:
666:
662:
654:
651:
650:
649:
643:
640:
639:
638:
632:
629:
628:
627:
625:
621:
616:
614:
610:
606:
599:
597:
563:
556:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
511:
509:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
491:
488:
487:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
469:
466:
465:
461:
458:
455:
452:
449:
447:
444:
443:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
425:
422:
421:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
403:
400:
399:
395:
392:
389:
386:
383:
381:
378:
377:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
358:
357:
354:
351:
349:
345:
342:
338:
335:
331:
327:
323:
317:
309:
307:
304:
302:
293:
291:
288:
287:
283:
281:
278:
277:
273:
271:
268:
267:
263:
261:
258:
257:
253:
251:
248:
247:
243:
241:
238:
237:
233:
230:
229:
226:
223:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
197:
192:
190:
188:
184:
181:
177:
171:
163:
158:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:past historic
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
95:
87:
80:
76:
75:
66:
33:
29:
22:
2708:
2699:
2680:
2671:
2655:
2652:
2646:
2619:
2615:
2605:
2582:
2576:
2568:
2564:
2559:
2536:
2531:
2525:
2502:
2497:
2491:
2480:. Retrieved
2471:
2462:
2453:
2441:
2433:
2428:
2376:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2207:Ind. Präsens
2195:
2193:
2179:
2174:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2127:Upper German
2124:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1960:Ind. Präsens
1948:
1946:
1938:
1932:
1925:
1924:Präteritum:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1896:
1876:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1853:
1846:
1840:
1833:
1818:
1814:
1796:
1790:
1783:
1776:
1754:
1748:
1741:
1737:
1730:
1723:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1685:
1679:
1657:
1630:
1626:
1604:
1582:
1560:
1556:
1534:
1512:
1505:
1484:
1480:
1474:
1468:
1451:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1420:
1411:
1403:
1400:first-person
1391:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1357:acute accent
1355:Without the
1354:
1332:
1310:
1288:
1277:-iu (partiu)
1274:-eu (correu)
1266:
1244:
1222:
1215:
1193:
1188:
1184:
1168:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1139:(regular)).
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1097:
1085:
1063:
1041:
1027:
1015:
993:
979:
972:-ai (parlai)
967:
960:
938:
933:
929:
913:
911:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
880:
801:-î (coborî)
795:-se (merse)
746:-ui (cerui)
743:-ui (tăcui)
730:
724:
718:
712:
706:
700:
664:
658:
652:
647:
641:
636:
630:
617:
612:
608:
602:
593:
545:
541:
537:
533:
526:
522:
518:
514:
489:
467:
445:
434:-it (rendit)
423:
412:-is (rendis)
401:
390:-is (rendis)
379:
352:
347:
343:
336:
329:
325:
319:
316:Passé simple
305:
300:
299:
289:
279:
269:
264:-it (dūxit)
259:
249:
239:
224:
215:
211:
207:
201:
186:
175:
169:
161:
154:
149:
145:
135:
127:
123:
105:
89:
81:
31:
27:
25:
2569:ich machete
2198:(be) were:
2189:Saleytitsch
2163:subjunctive
2157:(to want),
2139:Switzerland
1926:Es regnete.
1912:instead of
1883:Simple past
1852:The editor
1811:declarative
1803:modal verbs
1765:strong verb
1712:Old English
1687:simple past
1676:Simple past
1571:-ió (vivió)
1568:-ió (comió)
985:-ii (finii)
907:ho mangiato
798:-i (dormi)
786:-ă (intră)
598:highlighted
431:-it (finit)
409:-is (finis)
406:-as (aimas)
387:-is (finis)
384:-ai (aimai)
330:l'imparfait
290:eī, eae, ea
176:praeteritum
118:) with the
107:simple past
79:abbreviated
2727:Categories
2690:3788713372
2663:B0014PPI66
2482:2024-01-03
2355:wassùn/wan
2305:wassùn/wan
2271:är/schi/äs
2129:(in South
1951:(be) are:
1914:Präteritum
1902:Präteritum
1843:not there.
1827:infinitive
1757:suppletion
1708:weak verbs
1692:past tense
1664:past tense
1565:-ó (habló)
1517:-é (hablé)
1392:pretéritos
1280:-e (soube)
1271:-ou (amou)
1236:-e (soube)
1233:-i (parti)
1230:-i (corri)
1227:-ei (amei)
1149:Portuguese
1143:Portuguese
1020:-ò (parlò)
926:Sardinians
895:imperfetto
792:-u (ceru)
789:-u (tăcu)
661:infinitive
437:-ut (crut)
424:il/elle/on
415:-us (crus)
393:-us (crus)
334:continuous
260:is, ea, id
244:-ī (dūxī)
183:participle
180:perfective
146:Präteritum
120:past tense
2638:0741-2827
2563:Bavarian
2265:weijìscht
2260:siigìscht
2145:(to be),
2024:er/sie/es
1942:narrative
1931:Perfekt:
1910:Imperfekt
1799:auxiliary
1621:fuisteis
1574:-o (puso)
1526:-e (puse)
1523:-í (viví)
1520:-í (comí)
1475:He comido
1408:imperfect
1396:imperfect
1165:imperfect
1033:-ì (finì)
532:includes
490:ils/elles
428:-a (aima)
216:completed
212:preterite
187:praetereo
28:preterite
21:Preterism
2707:(1939).
2679:(1991).
2565:i machad
2393:See also
1823:inserted
1749:friended
1733:grammar.
1690:or just
1627:ellos/as
1605:vosotros
1583:nosotros
1129:perdetti
899:mangiavo
605:Romanian
557:Romanian
506:tinrent
341:habitual
32:preterit
2537:Grammar
2503:Grammar
2255:wasscht
2167:Yiddish
2135:Austria
2131:Germany
1918:Perfekt
1906:Perfekt
1731:studied
1724:planted
1682:English
1670:English
1647:fueron
1631:ustedes
1599:fuimos
1557:él/ella
1551:fuiste
1383:) is a
1373:Spanish
1367:Spanish
1327:fostes
1177:perfect
1137:perduto
1117:perdere
1106:furono
1098:presero
920:to the
891:mangiai
883:Italian
877:Italian
852:ei/ele
729:suffix
723:suffix
717:suffix
711:suffix
705:suffix
699:suffix
696:
673:
620:Oltenia
596:Oltenia
546:tu vins
542:je vins
519:je fus…
484:tîntes
462:tînmes
208:perfect
150:Perfekt
116:perfect
96:) is a
2687:
2661:
2636:
2622:: 27.
2593:
2547:
2513:
2399:Aorist
2340:weijìt
2335:siigìt
2330:wassùt
2250:bìscht
2204:
2175:to be,
2155:wollen
2151:können
2147:werden
2018:wärest
1957:
1898:German
1893:German
1885:, and
1761:ablaut
1738:shoved
1506:ser/ir
1412:corría
1410:form,
1349:foram
1305:fomos
1261:foste
1216:ser/ir
1200:
1125:perdei
1096:-ero (
1080:foste
1058:fummo
1010:fosti
961:essere
945:
783:el/ea
588:
582:
575:
569:
521:) and
359:
322:French
310:French
231:
206:, the
142:German
137:aorist
74:-ər-it
2541:90–91
2535:[
2507:84–86
2501:[
2420:Notes
2365:weijì
2360:siigì
2315:weijì
2310:siigì
2290:weijì
2285:siigì
2275:ìscht
2240:weijì
2235:siigì
2159:haben
2118:wären
2113:seien
2108:waren
2093:wäret
2088:seiet
2068:wären
2063:seien
2058:waren
2013:seist
2008:warst
1847:Could
1821:) is
1742:scēaf
1729:They
1561:usted
1404:corrí
1388:tense
1187:does
1157:corri
1133:perso
1121:persi
1028:prese
980:presi
922:South
918:North
624:Banat
538:venir
534:tenir
527:j'eus
523:avoir
513:also
440:tint
418:tins
396:tins
204:Latin
198:Latin
178:(the
132:Greek
2685:ISBN
2659:ASIN
2634:ISSN
2591:ISBN
2545:ISBN
2511:ISBN
2346:schi
2325:siit
2296:wier
2280:wass
2230:wass
2196:siin
2180:The
2143:sein
2137:and
2103:sind
2083:wart
2078:seid
2053:sind
2043:wäre
2003:bist
1993:wäre
1949:sein
1869:not
1865:She
1801:and
1777:went
1775:She
1736:She
1577:fue
1529:fui
1469:Comí
1385:verb
1333:eles
1283:foi
1239:fui
1086:loro
1026:-e (
988:fui
978:-i (
928:use
806:noi
515:être
468:vous
446:nous
301:Dūxī
162:PRET
102:verb
84:PRET
72:PRET
26:The
2624:doi
2350:sìn
2321:ier
2300:sin
2225:bìn
2221:ich
2099:sie
2074:ihr
2049:wir
2038:sei
2033:war
2028:ist
1988:sei
1983:war
1978:bin
1974:ich
1867:did
1860:Did
1854:had
1841:was
1839:He
1834:Was
1815:did
1791:ran
1789:He
1784:ate
1722:He
1698:or
1696:-ed
1658:In
1379:or
1371:In
1359:in
1311:vós
1289:nós
1267:ele
1189:not
1147:In
1127:or
1064:voi
1042:noi
1036:fu
1016:lui
881:In
760:tu
737:eu
731:â/î
603:In
339:or
320:In
280:vōs
270:nōs
240:ego
202:In
185:of
170:PRT
166:or
100:or
92:PRT
88:or
30:or
2729::
2711:.
2632:.
2620:19
2618:.
2614:.
2585:.
2543:.
2509:.
2461:.
2246:du
2133:,
1999:du
1889:.
1881:,
1871:go
1829::
1819:do
1805:,
1782:I
1771::
1747:I
1700:-d
1666:.
1535:tú
1513:yo
1418:.
1363:.
1245:tu
1223:eu
994:tu
968:io
719:se
544:,
536:,
402:tu
380:je
250:tū
222:.
77:;
56:ər
2693:.
2665:.
2640:.
2626::
2599:.
2553:.
2519:.
2485:.
2465:.
1171:(
1163:(
1100:)
1030:)
982:)
725:i
713:u
707:u
701:a
540:(
529:)
525:(
517:(
65:/
62:t
59:ɪ
53:t
50:ɛ
47:r
44:p
41:ˈ
38:/
34:(
23:.
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