361:("the compound past") began to compete with it from the 12th century onwards, and has since replaced it almost entirely. French simple past is mostly used in a narrative way to tell stories and describe successive actions. Novelists use it commonly: it brings more suspense, as the sentence can be short without any temporal reference needed. In oral language, the simple past is rarely used except while telling a story; therefore, it would be atypical to hear it in a standard discussion.
1123:*Many -ere verbs in Italian have stem alternations in the 1st person singular, 3rd person singular and 3rd person plural. Some verbs (with d/t in their stem, including credere) also have endings -etti (1st person singular), -ette (3rd person singular), and -ettero (3rd person plural). Additionally, unlike in most languages, the third person plural is stressed on the irregular root. (Posero is stressed on the first syllable (POH-se-ro), not the second syllable (poh-SEH-ro).)
573:
622:(literally, the simple past or simple perfect). The preterite indicates a past accomplished action (translated: "verbed"); however, this tense is not frequent in the official language and not frequent in the standard speech (not used in Republic of Moldova and not used in the Romanian regions of Transylvania, Muntenia and Moldova). The general tendency is to use the compound past (
1950:
In modern German, however, these tenses no longer reflect any distinction in aspect ("Es hat geregnet" means both rained/was raining), which parallels this lack of distinction in the present, which has no separate verb form for the present progressive ("Es regnet": It rains, it is raining). The
151:. When the term "preterite" is used in relation to specific languages, it may not correspond precisely to this definition. In English it can be used to refer to the simple past verb form, which sometimes (but not always) expresses perfective aspect. The case of
1927:, a borrowing from Latin terminology.) Originally the distinction was as strong as in English: The Präteritum was the standard, most neutral form for past actions, and could also express an event in the remote past, contrasting with the
2582:, which used to be both indicative of the preterite (today: ich machte) and subjunctive of the (in this respect rightly so-called) imperfect (today: ich machte in subclauses, ich würde machen in main clauses and colloquially).
1492:
In most other variants of
Spanish, such as in the Americas and in the Canary Islands, this distinction has tended to fade, with the preterite being used even for actions in the immediate pre-present with continuing relevance.
1452:
The third person singular and plural forms of all verbs ending in -uir and -oír, as well as some verbs ending in -aer (excluding traer), end in -yó and -yeron, respectively; these are needed to keep their respective sounds.
637:, Crișana and Maramureș, mostly in rural areas. Usage of the preterite is very frequent in written narrative discourse, the simple past of the speech verbs being generally after a dialogue line in narration:
339:(the simple past). It is a past tense that indicates an action taken once in the past that was completed at some point in the past (translated: "<verb>ed"). This is as opposed to the imperfect (
2180:
has gone even further and has no preterite at all. Rather, there is only one past tense, which is formed using what was originally perfect. The dialect of German spoken in North
America known as
1405:, irrespective of whether they express completed or incomplete actions or events.) Usually, a definite start time or end time for the action is stated. This is opposed to the
2392:, where the preterite almost always referred to the past and was often interchangeable with the perfect. In the course of time the preterite fell into disuse in all
1401:
that indicates that an action taken once in the past was completed at a specific point in time in the past. (Traditional
Spanish terminology calls all past tenses
1432:
The special spellings for the "yo" form of the preterite are listed below (the accent mark goes over the 'e'); these are needed to keep their respective sounds.
1955:
tense, i.e. a tense used primarily for describing connected past actions (e.g. as part of a story), and is used most often in formal writing and in literature.
1166:. The Portuguese preterite has the same form as the Spanish preterite, but the meaning is like the "composed past" of French and Italian in that, for example,
115:
form serving to denote events that took place or were completed in the past; in some languages, such as
Spanish, French, and English, it is equivalent to the
659:
The second person is often used in questions about finishing an action in progress that is supposed to be over, giving the question a more informal tone:
2172:(to have), the Präteritum is rarely used in the spoken language and informal writing, though the grammatical form is fundamental to producing the
229:
in the past. If the past action was not completed, one would use the imperfect. The perfect in Latin also functions in other circumstances as a
2665:
Walserdeutsch in Saley. Wortinhaltliche
Untersuchungen zu Mundart und Weltsicht der altertümlichen Siedlung Salecchio/Saley (Antigoriotal).
2605:
1460:
include most verbs ending in -ducir as well as most verbs that are irregular in the "yo" form of the present tense (including traer).
648:
When used in everyday speech in standard
Romanian, the preterite is used with the value of recent past, a recently completed action:
2559:
2525:
80:
2424:
2699:
167:
89:
159:
is the simple (non-compound) past tense, which does not always imply perfective aspect, and is anyway often replaced by the
1790:
to the cinema. (Preterite of "go"; uses a completely different verb - the Anglo-Saxon 'wendan' from which comes 'to wend'.)
1126:
In a few remarkable cases, all three options exist for a single verb, although usage of each of these forms may vary. For
2743:
2748:
2181:
1409:, which refers to any repeated, continuous, or habitual past action. Thus, "I ran five miles yesterday" would use the
1897:
2723:
900:(literally "remote past"). It is a past tense that indicates an action taken once and completed far in the past (
2597:
2488:"Latin American Spanish: Preterite Versus Present Perfect [+7 Examples & Quiz] | Language Atlas"
1779:
1457:
343:), used in expressing repeated, continual, or habitual past actions (often corresponding to English's past
2393:
2487:
629:
Simple past is still actively used in current speech in the southwestern part of
Romania, especially in
2687:
1821:
1775:
1371:
2551:
2541:
2517:
2507:
1159:
2456:
314:
can be translated as (preterite) "I led", "I did lead", or (in the present perfect) "I have led."
2419:
2199:
1726:
1718:
1670:
1410:
2195:
has also largely lost the preterite form. The only exception were the speakers of the isolated
2695:
2669:
2644:
2601:
2555:
2521:
2414:
2389:
2196:
1426:
1398:
1187:
615:
344:
190:
126:
122:
108:
2634:
2192:
2177:
1692:
1383:
1191:
893:
48:
2397:
1908:
1824:
or positive counterpart does not use any auxiliary or modal verb, then the auxiliary verb
1717:), sometimes with spelling modifications. This is the result of the conjugation system of
1472:
1468:
1464:
1183:
1170:
means both "I ran" and "I have run." As in other
Romance languages, it is opposed to the
351:
332:
230:
1778:, or because the verb conjugations are the remains of a more complex system of tenses in
326:
572:
1809:
932:
928:
214:
30:
This article is about the grammatical term. For the eschatological interpretation, see
626:) to express a past action that is perceived as completed at the moment of speaking.
2737:
2715:
1889:
1817:
142:
2469:
2137:
1367:
152:
125:(event viewed as a single whole; it is not to be confused with the similarly named
2622:
2173:
2149:
1893:
1774:, a regular set of sound changes (to an interior vowel) in the conjugation of a
1722:
1697:
1686:
117:
1729:. As a result, all newly introduced verbs have the weak conjugation. Examples:
17:
1837:
1833:
1813:
1767:
1714:
1674:
1471:. The preterite denotes an action that began and ended in the past, while the
674:, a stressed suffix that is different in each group of verbs, and the endings
671:
193:
130:
2720:
Development of the
Cannanite dialects: an investigation in linguistic history
2648:
2639:
1952:
1931:, which expressed an event that has consequences reaching into the present.
1418:
1406:
1175:
137:. In grammars of particular languages the preterite is sometimes called the
31:
2176:
and conditional forms, while compound verb conjugations are used instead.
936:
916:(literally "close past"), which refers to an action completed recently (
908:
tense, which refers to a repeated, continuous, or habitual past action (
2673:
2145:
2141:
1820:
and negative clauses do not use their main verbs' preterites; if their
630:
606:
2623:"Pennsylvania German Stereotype: Particles, Prepositions, and Adverbs"
1417:, whereas "I ran five miles every morning" would use the first-person
670:
The forms of the simple perfect are made of an unstressed stem of the
2409:
1771:
147:
1467:, there is still a strong distinction between the preterite and the
317:
A pronoun subject is often omitted, and usually used for emphasis.
634:
1939:"It rained. / It was raining." (I am talking about a past event.)
2447:, Éd. Rodopi B.V. 10 janvier 2007, Coll. Cahiers Chronos, p.125.
1395:
112:
2388:
The preterite was a common
Semitic form, well attested in the
2184:
has also undergone this change with the exception of the verb
66:
1475:
denotes an action that began in the past and is over; thus,
60:
1463:
In most Iberian Mainland Spanish and, to a lesser extent,
1727:
taking over earlier conjugations of some old strong verbs
69:
943:
in any perfective situation, Southern Italians will use
357:). In the spoken language, the compound tense known as
2692:
Studies in the Akkadian of Ugarit: dating and grammar
81:
1762:
him on social media. (A verb with a weak preterite.)
1130:
for example, the first person singular can occur as
72:
63:
57:
54:
2470:"Preterite vs Imperfect: Part I - StudySpanish.com"
2445:
Sémantique et Diachronie du Système Verbal Français
1836:and the main verb appears in its plain form, as an
1766:A number of English verbs form their preterites by
51:
1797:breakfast late this morning. (Preterite of "eat.")
1202:mean "I have run" but rather "I've been running."
163:(compound past) even in perfective past meanings.
2443:Emmanuelle Labeau, Carl Vetters, Patrick Caudal,
1911:has a grammatical distinction between preterite (
1673:, the term "preterite" is sometimes used for the
1449:The endings for -er and -ir verbs are identical.
2400:" in Hebrew and "imperfect with lam" in Arabic.
912:, "I was eating" or "I used to eat") and to the
1725:, being raised to paradigmatic status and even
2550:]. Mannheim: Duden Verlag. 1973. pp.
2516:]. Mannheim: Duden Verlag. 1973. pp.
2459:detailed guide of Romanian grammar and usage.
2396:, leaving traces such as the "imperfect with
1142:(compare to the past participle which can be
8:
2668:. Bern/Stuttgart: Haupt. pp. 362–371.
1946:"It has rained." (The street is still wet.)
2425:Wiktionary list of English irregular verbs
2202:dialect which disappeared around 1963/64.
2638:
1104:-erono (crederono) / -ettero (credettero)
2211:
1964:
1498:
1207:
952:
680:
678:, which are the same for all the verbs:
571:
366:
238:
2436:
27:Grammatical tense denoting a past event
1919:). (Older grammar books sometimes use
1751:the Viking aside. (Original preterite
1442:-zar verbs: -cé (almorzar>almorcé)
1425:. This distinction is actually one of
935:of Italy. While Northern Italians and
927:becomes more prevalent going from the
655:I have just heard George on the radio.
644:This is a murder! said the policeman.
2694:. Butzon & Bercker. p. 506.
221:tense most commonly functions as the
7:
2621:Huffines, Marion Lois (1984-12-01).
1951:Präteritum now has the meaning of a
1860:she play the piano when she was ten?
923:In colloquial usage, the use of the
642:Aici avem o crimă!, zise polițistul.
559:, ...), and all of their derivations
2627:Yearbook of German-American Studies
2188:which still retains a simple past.
1958:Typical conjugations with the word
1804:to the store. (Preterite of "run.")
1755:, from an Old English strong verb.)
1488:todo el día (I have eaten all day.)
1439:-car verbs: -qué (buscar>busqué)
1186:) but its meaning is not that of a
1134:(irregular and most correct form),
904:, "I ate"). This is opposed to the
653:Tocmai îl auzii pe George la radio.
121:tense. In general, it combines the
1808:With the exception of "to be" and
1482:todo el día. (I ate all day long.)
1445:-guar verbs: -güé (aguar>agüé)
1427:perfective vs. imperfective aspect
200:), meaning "passed by" or "past."
185:. The word derives from the Latin
25:
1436:-gar verbs: -gué (jugar>jugué)
1178:). Note that there does exist a
1458:anomalous stems in the preterite
382:-oir(e) verbs (vouloir) (croire)
166:Preterite may be denoted by the
133:and may thus also be termed the
47:
2594:A Guide to Old Literary Yiddish
986:-ei (credei) / -etti (credetti)
2152:), beyond the auxiliary verbs
1:
2578:, I'd do, comes from archaic
1721:, already in the majority in
1146:(irregular, most correct) or
1034:-é (credé) / -ette (credette)
676:-i, -și, -∅, -răm, -răți, -ră
666:Are you done, have you read ?
1695:'s preterites (often called
1456:Examples of verbs that have
618:, the preterite is known as
595: Area of infrequent use
335:, the preterite is known as
2205:Conjugations with the word
1180:pretérito perfeito composto
245:dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus
145:grammatical tradition) the
2765:
1898:Uses of English verb forms
1713:to the verb's plain form (
1684:
1388:pretérito perfecto simple,
896:, the preterite is called
324:
225:, and refers to an action
141:, or (particularly in the
29:
2724:American Oriental Society
2592:Jerold C. Frakes (2017).
588: Area of partial use
576:Use in interwar Romania:
521:
2640:10.17161/ygas.v19i.19369
947:even for recent events.
348:was/were <verb>ing
2598:Oxford University Press
2136:For example, in spoken
1873:he plant corn and oats?
1705:) are formed by adding
1413:preterite form of ran,
1162:, the preterite is the
2662:Frei, Gertrud (1970).
2394:West Semitic languages
1888:For more details, see
1867:not read the book yet.
1496:Typical conjugations:
1205:Typical conjugations:
1190:; instead it shows an
965:-ere verbs (prendere)*
950:Typical conjugations:
611:
364:Typical conjugations:
1770:, a result of either
962:-ere verbs (credere)*
605:Historical region of
575:
236:Typical conjugation:
168:glossing abbreviation
1620:-asteis (hablasteis)
1513:most irregular verbs
1392:pretérito indefinido
1372:Brazilian Portuguese
1223:most irregular verbs
1172:pretérito imperfeito
959:-are verbs (parlare)
858:-ârăți (coborârăți)
852:-serăți (merserăți)
702:-î verbs (a coborî)
690:-ea verbs (a tăcea)
355:used to <verb>
2744:Grammatical aspects
2182:Pennsylvania German
1629:-isteis (pusisteis)
1626:-isteis (vivisteis)
1623:-isteis (comisteis)
968:-ire verbs (finire)
920:, "I have eaten").
855:-irăți (dormirăți)
843:-arăți (intrarăți)
699:-i verbs (a dormi)
696:-e verbs (a merge)
687:-a verbs (a intra)
2749:Grammatical tenses
2420:Grammatical aspect
1828:(the preterite of
1671:Germanic languages
1665:Germanic languages
1504:-ar verbs (hablar)
1335:-estes (soubestes)
1332:-istes (partistes)
1329:-estes (correstes)
1220:-ir verbs (partir)
1217:-er verbs (correr)
1164:pretérito perfeito
1101:-arono (parlarono)
849:-urăți (cerurăți)
846:-urăți (tăcurăți)
840:voi/dumneavoastră
835:-ârăm (coborârăm)
829:-serăm (merserăm)
693:-e verbs (a cere)
612:
511:-irent (rendirent)
385:Irregular (tenir)
379:-re verbs (rendre)
305:-ērunt (dūxērunt)
295:-istis (dūxistis)
2688:Wilfred van Soldt
2415:Grammatical tense
2390:Akkadian language
2384:Semitic languages
2381:
2380:
2227:Konj. Präteritum
2197:Highest Alemannic
2134:
2133:
1980:Konj. Präteritum
1662:
1661:
1655:-ieron (pusieron)
1652:-ieron (vivieron)
1649:-ieron (comieron)
1510:-ir verbs (vivir)
1507:-er verbs (comer)
1386:, the preterite (
1364:
1363:
1121:
1120:
1114:-irono (finirono)
1085:-este (prendeste)
1063:-emmo (prendemmo)
1015:-esti (prendesti)
885:
884:
832:-irăm (dormirăm)
820:-arăm (intrarăm)
582: Area of use
565:
564:
508:-irent (finirent)
505:-èrent (aimèrent)
376:-ir verbs (finir)
373:-er verbs (aimer)
309:
308:
204:Romance languages
123:perfective aspect
109:grammatical tense
16:(Redirected from
2756:
2728:
2727:
2712:
2706:
2705:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2642:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2589:
2583:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2474:studyspanish.com
2466:
2460:
2457:Romanian Grammar
2454:
2448:
2441:
2212:
2193:Alemannic German
1965:
1944:Es hat geregnet.
1691:The majority of
1646:-aron (hablaron)
1598:-amos (hablamos)
1550:-aste (hablaste)
1499:
1357:-eram (souberam)
1354:-iram (partiram)
1351:-eram (correram)
1326:-astes (amastes)
1313:-emos (soubemos)
1310:-imos (partimos)
1307:-emos (corremos)
1269:-este (soubeste)
1266:-iste (partiste)
1263:-este (correste)
1214:-ar verbs (amar)
1208:
1194:. For example,
1192:iterative aspect
1082:-este (credeste)
1079:-aste (parlaste)
1060:-emmo (credemmo)
1057:-ammo (parlammo)
1012:-esti (credesti)
1009:-asti (parlasti)
953:
941:passato prossimo
914:passato prossimo
881:-âră (coborâră)
875:-seră (merseră)
826:-urăm (cerurăm)
823:-urăm (tăcurăm)
789:-âși (coborâși)
783:-seși (merseși)
681:
624:perfectul compus
620:perfectul simplu
602:
600:
596:
594:
589:
587:
583:
581:
514:-urent (crurent)
489:-îtes (rendîtes)
467:-îmes (rendîmes)
367:
359:le passé composé
285:-imus (dūximus)
265:-istī (dūxistī)
239:
184:
183:
176:
175:
155:is similar: the
105:
104:
97:
96:
84:
79:
78:
75:
74:
71:
68:
65:
62:
59:
56:
53:
21:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2702:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2608:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2573:
2569:
2562:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2528:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2455:
2451:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2406:
2398:waw-consecutive
2386:
2221:Ind. Präteritum
1974:Ind. Präteritum
1915:) and perfect (
1906:
1847:she busy today?
1780:irregular verbs
1715:bare infinitive
1689:
1683:
1667:
1640:
1607:-imos (pusimos)
1604:-imos (vivimos)
1601:-imos (comimos)
1570:
1559:-iste (pusiste)
1556:-iste (viviste)
1553:-iste (comiste)
1473:present perfect
1469:present perfect
1465:Mexican Spanish
1380:
1184:present perfect
1156:
1088:-iste (finiste)
1066:-immo (finimmo)
1018:-isti (finisti)
890:
878:-iră (dormiră)
866:-ară (intrară)
786:-iși (dormiși)
774:-ași (intrași)
664:Gata, citirăți?
603:
598:
597:
592:
591:
590:
585:
584:
579:
578:
577:
570:
486:-îtes (finîtes)
483:-âtes (aimâtes)
464:-îmes (finîmes)
461:-âmes (aimâmes)
337:le passé simple
329:
323:
231:present perfect
211:
206:
179:
178:
171:
170:
135:perfective past
102:
101:
94:
93:
82:
50:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Preterite Tense
15:
12:
11:
5:
2762:
2760:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2729:
2707:
2700:
2679:
2654:
2613:
2607:978-0191087943
2606:
2600:. p. 60.
2584:
2567:
2560:
2533:
2526:
2499:
2479:
2461:
2449:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2405:
2402:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2164:(to be able),
2132:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1905:
1902:
1886:
1885:
1884:to the cinema.
1874:
1868:
1861:
1855:
1848:
1806:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1764:
1763:
1756:
1745:
1738:
1737:corn and oats.
1685:Main article:
1682:
1679:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1490:
1489:
1483:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1379:
1376:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1348:-aram (amaram)
1346:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1304:-ámos (amámos)
1302:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1260:-aste (amaste)
1258:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1155:
1152:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1001:
1000:
997:
994:
987:
984:
981:
975:
974:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
945:passato remoto
925:passato remoto
898:passato remoto
889:
886:
883:
882:
879:
876:
873:
872:-ură (cerură)
870:
869:-ură (tăcură)
867:
864:
860:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
837:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
814:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
791:
790:
787:
784:
781:
780:-uși (ceruși)
778:
777:-uși (tăcuși)
775:
772:
768:
767:
766:-âi (coborâi)
764:
761:
760:-sei (mersei)
758:
755:
752:
749:
745:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
714:
708:
704:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
668:
667:
657:
656:
646:
645:
633:, but also in
601: Not used
569:
566:
563:
562:
561:
560:
541:
519:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
497:
496:
493:
492:-ûtes (crûtes)
490:
487:
484:
481:
475:
474:
471:
470:-ûmes (crûmes)
468:
465:
462:
459:
453:
452:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
431:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
415:
409:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
387:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
325:Main article:
322:
319:
307:
306:
303:
297:
296:
293:
287:
286:
283:
277:
276:
273:
267:
266:
263:
257:
256:
253:
247:
246:
243:
210:
207:
205:
202:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2761:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2726:. p. 47.
2725:
2721:
2717:
2716:Zellig Harris
2711:
2708:
2703:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2683:
2680:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2658:
2655:
2650:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2617:
2614:
2609:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2571:
2568:
2563:
2561:3-411-00914-4
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2544:
2543:Die Grammatik
2537:
2534:
2529:
2527:3-411-00914-4
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2509:Die Grammatik
2503:
2500:
2489:
2483:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2465:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2224:Konj. Präsens
2223:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2160:(to become),
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:Konj. Präsens
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1956:
1954:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1890:English verbs
1883:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1818:interrogative
1815:
1811:
1803:
1799:
1796:
1792:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1688:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1664:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1196:tenho corrido
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
998:
995:
992:
988:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
954:
951:
948:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
921:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
887:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
861:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
838:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
815:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
792:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
769:
765:
763:-ii (dormii)
762:
759:
756:
753:
751:-ai (intrai)
750:
747:
746:
743:
739:
737:
733:
731:
727:
725:
721:
719:
715:
713:
709:
706:
705:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
682:
679:
677:
673:
665:
662:
661:
660:
654:
651:
650:
649:
643:
640:
639:
638:
636:
632:
627:
625:
621:
617:
610:
608:
574:
567:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
522:
520:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
502:
499:
498:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
480:
477:
476:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
458:
455:
454:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
436:
433:
432:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
414:
411:
410:
406:
403:
400:
397:
394:
392:
389:
388:
384:
381:
378:
375:
372:
369:
368:
365:
362:
360:
356:
353:
349:
346:
342:
338:
334:
328:
320:
318:
315:
313:
304:
302:
299:
298:
294:
292:
289:
288:
284:
282:
279:
278:
274:
272:
269:
268:
264:
262:
259:
258:
254:
252:
249:
248:
244:
241:
240:
237:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
208:
203:
201:
199:
195:
192:
188:
182:
174:
169:
164:
162:
158:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:past historic
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
106:
98:
91:
87:
86:
77:
44:
40:
33:
19:
2719:
2710:
2691:
2682:
2666:
2663:
2657:
2630:
2626:
2616:
2593:
2587:
2579:
2575:
2570:
2547:
2542:
2536:
2513:
2508:
2502:
2491:. Retrieved
2482:
2473:
2464:
2452:
2444:
2439:
2387:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2218:Ind. Präsens
2206:
2204:
2190:
2185:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2138:Upper German
2135:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1971:Ind. Präsens
1959:
1957:
1949:
1943:
1936:
1935:Präteritum:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1887:
1881:
1877:
1870:
1864:
1857:
1851:
1844:
1829:
1825:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1765:
1759:
1752:
1748:
1741:
1734:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1690:
1668:
1641:
1637:
1615:
1593:
1571:
1567:
1545:
1523:
1516:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1462:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1431:
1422:
1414:
1411:first-person
1402:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1368:acute accent
1366:Without the
1365:
1343:
1321:
1299:
1288:-iu (partiu)
1285:-eu (correu)
1277:
1255:
1233:
1226:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1150:(regular)).
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1108:
1096:
1074:
1052:
1038:
1026:
1004:
990:
983:-ai (parlai)
978:
971:
949:
944:
940:
924:
922:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
891:
812:-î (coborî)
806:-se (merse)
757:-ui (cerui)
754:-ui (tăcui)
741:
735:
729:
723:
717:
711:
675:
669:
663:
658:
652:
647:
641:
628:
623:
619:
613:
604:
556:
552:
548:
544:
537:
533:
529:
525:
500:
478:
456:
445:-it (rendit)
434:
423:-is (rendis)
412:
401:-is (rendis)
390:
363:
358:
354:
347:
340:
336:
330:
327:Passé simple
316:
311:
310:
300:
290:
280:
275:-it (dūxit)
270:
260:
250:
235:
226:
222:
218:
212:
197:
186:
180:
172:
165:
160:
156:
146:
138:
134:
116:
100:
92:
42:
38:
36:
2580:ich machete
2209:(be) were:
2200:Saleytitsch
2174:subjunctive
2168:(to want),
2150:Switzerland
1937:Es regnete.
1923:instead of
1894:Simple past
1863:The editor
1822:declarative
1814:modal verbs
1776:strong verb
1723:Old English
1698:simple past
1687:Simple past
1582:-ió (vivió)
1579:-ió (comió)
996:-ii (finii)
918:ho mangiato
809:-i (dormi)
797:-ă (intră)
609:highlighted
442:-it (finit)
420:-is (finis)
417:-as (aimas)
398:-is (finis)
395:-ai (aimai)
341:l'imparfait
301:eī, eae, ea
187:praeteritum
129:) with the
118:simple past
90:abbreviated
2738:Categories
2701:3788713372
2674:B0014PPI66
2493:2024-01-03
2366:wassùn/wan
2316:wassùn/wan
2282:är/schi/äs
2140:(in South
1962:(be) are:
1925:Präteritum
1913:Präteritum
1854:not there.
1838:infinitive
1768:suppletion
1719:weak verbs
1703:past tense
1675:past tense
1576:-ó (habló)
1528:-é (hablé)
1403:pretéritos
1291:-e (soube)
1282:-ou (amou)
1247:-e (soube)
1244:-i (parti)
1241:-i (corri)
1238:-ei (amei)
1160:Portuguese
1154:Portuguese
1031:-ò (parlò)
937:Sardinians
906:imperfetto
803:-u (ceru)
800:-u (tăcu)
672:infinitive
448:-ut (crut)
435:il/elle/on
426:-us (crus)
404:-us (crus)
345:continuous
271:is, ea, id
255:-ī (dūxī)
194:participle
191:perfective
157:Präteritum
131:past tense
2649:0741-2827
2574:Bavarian
2276:weijìscht
2271:siigìscht
2156:(to be),
2035:er/sie/es
1953:narrative
1942:Perfekt:
1921:Imperfekt
1810:auxiliary
1632:fuisteis
1585:-o (puso)
1537:-e (puse)
1534:-í (viví)
1531:-í (comí)
1486:He comido
1419:imperfect
1407:imperfect
1176:imperfect
1044:-ì (finì)
543:includes
501:ils/elles
439:-a (aima)
227:completed
223:preterite
198:praetereo
39:preterite
32:Preterism
2718:(1939).
2690:(1991).
2576:i machad
2404:See also
1834:inserted
1760:friended
1744:grammar.
1701:or just
1638:ellos/as
1616:vosotros
1594:nosotros
1140:perdetti
910:mangiavo
616:Romanian
568:Romanian
517:tinrent
352:habitual
43:preterit
2548:Grammar
2514:Grammar
2266:wasscht
2178:Yiddish
2146:Austria
2142:Germany
1929:Perfekt
1917:Perfekt
1742:studied
1735:planted
1693:English
1681:English
1658:fueron
1642:ustedes
1610:fuimos
1568:él/ella
1562:fuiste
1394:) is a
1384:Spanish
1378:Spanish
1338:fostes
1188:perfect
1148:perduto
1128:perdere
1117:furono
1109:presero
931:to the
902:mangiai
894:Italian
888:Italian
863:ei/ele
740:suffix
734:suffix
728:suffix
722:suffix
716:suffix
710:suffix
707:
684:
631:Oltenia
607:Oltenia
557:tu vins
553:je vins
530:je fus…
495:tîntes
473:tînmes
219:perfect
161:Perfekt
127:perfect
107:) is a
2698:
2672:
2647:
2633:: 27.
2604:
2558:
2524:
2410:Aorist
2351:weijìt
2346:siigìt
2341:wassùt
2261:bìscht
2215:
2186:to be,
2166:wollen
2162:können
2158:werden
2029:wärest
1968:
1909:German
1904:German
1896:, and
1772:ablaut
1749:shoved
1517:ser/ir
1423:corría
1421:form,
1360:foram
1316:fomos
1272:foste
1227:ser/ir
1211:
1136:perdei
1107:-ero (
1091:foste
1069:fummo
1021:fosti
972:essere
956:
794:el/ea
599:
593:
586:
580:
532:) and
370:
333:French
321:French
242:
217:, the
153:German
148:aorist
85:-ər-it
2552:90–91
2546:[
2518:84–86
2512:[
2431:Notes
2376:weijì
2371:siigì
2326:weijì
2321:siigì
2301:weijì
2296:siigì
2286:ìscht
2251:weijì
2246:siigì
2170:haben
2129:wären
2124:seien
2119:waren
2104:wäret
2099:seiet
2079:wären
2074:seien
2069:waren
2024:seist
2019:warst
1858:Could
1832:) is
1753:scēaf
1740:They
1572:usted
1415:corrí
1399:tense
1198:does
1168:corri
1144:perso
1132:persi
1039:prese
991:presi
933:South
929:North
635:Banat
549:venir
545:tenir
538:j'eus
534:avoir
524:also
451:tint
429:tins
407:tins
215:Latin
209:Latin
189:(the
143:Greek
2696:ISBN
2670:ASIN
2645:ISSN
2602:ISBN
2556:ISBN
2522:ISBN
2357:schi
2336:siit
2307:wier
2291:wass
2241:wass
2207:siin
2191:The
2154:sein
2148:and
2114:sind
2094:wart
2089:seid
2064:sind
2054:wäre
2014:bist
2004:wäre
1960:sein
1880:not
1876:She
1812:and
1788:went
1786:She
1747:She
1588:fue
1540:fui
1480:Comí
1396:verb
1344:eles
1294:foi
1250:fui
1097:loro
1037:-e (
999:fui
989:-i (
939:use
817:noi
526:être
479:vous
457:nous
312:Dūxī
173:PRET
113:verb
95:PRET
83:PRET
37:The
2635:doi
2361:sìn
2332:ier
2311:sin
2236:bìn
2232:ich
2110:sie
2085:ihr
2060:wir
2049:sei
2044:war
2039:ist
1999:sei
1994:war
1989:bin
1985:ich
1878:did
1871:Did
1865:had
1852:was
1850:He
1845:Was
1826:did
1802:ran
1800:He
1795:ate
1733:He
1709:or
1707:-ed
1669:In
1390:or
1382:In
1370:in
1322:vós
1300:nós
1278:ele
1200:not
1158:In
1138:or
1075:voi
1053:noi
1047:fu
1027:lui
892:In
771:tu
748:eu
742:â/î
614:In
350:or
331:In
291:vōs
281:nōs
251:ego
213:In
196:of
181:PRT
177:or
111:or
103:PRT
99:or
41:or
2740::
2722:.
2643:.
2631:19
2629:.
2625:.
2596:.
2554:.
2520:.
2472:.
2257:du
2144:,
2010:du
1900:.
1892:,
1882:go
1840::
1830:do
1816:,
1793:I
1782::
1758:I
1711:-d
1677:.
1546:tú
1524:yo
1429:.
1374:.
1256:tu
1234:eu
1005:tu
979:io
730:se
555:,
547:,
413:tu
391:je
261:tū
233:.
88:;
67:ər
2704:.
2676:.
2651:.
2637::
2610:.
2564:.
2530:.
2496:.
2476:.
1182:(
1174:(
1111:)
1041:)
993:)
736:i
724:u
718:u
712:a
551:(
540:)
536:(
528:(
76:/
73:t
70:ɪ
64:t
61:ɛ
58:r
55:p
52:ˈ
49:/
45:(
34:.
20:)
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