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195:, and used in commercial advertising. El Lissitzky's insight that "No form of representation is so readily comprehensible to the masses as photography” was proven true by the Soviet graphic art success of posters, and Rodchenko's later work creating "ads for ordinary objects such as beer, pacifiers, cookies, watches, and other consumer products."
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were cultivating new montage techniques, to optically indicate motion, energy and rhythm, with "unconventional viewing angles, radical foreshortening, and unsettling close-ups." El
Lissitzky, for his part, developed a theory of type that could visually mimic sound and gesture so to best organize "the
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The
Constructivist movement reconceptualized the aesthetics of art by stripping it to its fundamentals, and rejecting insular precedents. In practice, this meant an emphasis on the fundamentals of geometry (circles, squares, rectangles), a limited palette: black, occasionally yellow — and red
138:
and urban space and
Suprematism sought to create "anti-materialist, abstract art that originated from pure feeling," Productivism's goal was to create accessible art in service to the proletariat, with artists functioning more like "engineers ... than easel painters."
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170:(INKhUK), the Society of Young Artists, journals of the day and organizations like Higher State Artistic and Technical Workshops (VKhUTEMAS) all of whom agreed on the need for a radical break from the "critical and material radicalization of Constructivism."
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Meanwhile, the avant-gardes propagating accessibility "began designing objects and furniture to transform ways of life." They also created "production books" that introduced children to the world of work, and taught them how things were made. Like the
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that summarized the principles of productivist art. Only a few years later, Productivism and the movement that spawned it were suppressed by the
Soviets. By then, however, its influence had already spread, influencing the
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people’s consciousness." As a group, these innovations made the
Productivists persuasive, attention-getting and influential, which is why what began as political messaging was later classified as
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179:(Russian: красный), which was once "used to describe something beautiful, good or honorable." But the Productivists took things several ground-breaking steps further.
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166:, and others similarly renounced pure art in favor of serving society, a resolution born of extensive discussion and debate at the Moscow-based
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is an early twentieth-century art movement that is characterized by its spare geometry, limited color palette, and
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in
Holland and the post-war Zero collectives that sprang up across Europe in the 1950s and 60s."
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in
Central Europe, they also designed textiles, clothing, ceramics and typography.
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763:"Fairytales and the Five-Year Plan: Russian Children's Literature Exhibit"
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s chess-seat set designed for two, colored to match the competitors, 1925.
522:"The Constructivists Imagined a World Where Art Was Created in Factories"
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600:"Transition from Constructivism to Productivism, According to Tarabukin"
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574:"The constructivists and the Russian revolution in art and achitecture"
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poster, calling for
Russian books in all branches of knowledge, 1924.
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670:"Russian Constructivism and Graphic Design | CreativePro Network"
739:"The Artistic Explosion in Turn-of-the-Century Soviet Russia"
550:"The Artistic Explosion in Turn-of-the-Century Soviet Russia"
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s stage plan for
Meyerhold's "The Magnanimous Cuckold," 1922.
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influences. Aesthetically, it also looks similar to work by
637:"In Russia the Color Red Represents More Than You Know"
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812:"A brief history of Constructivism | Christie's"
375:s "Peasant Woman with Buckets and Child," 1912.
696:The Journal of Decorative and Propaganda Arts
390:s cover of the magazine "Musical News," 1924.
182:By 1923, Rodchenko was arguing that thematic
39:"The Sportsmen" by Kazimir Malevich, 1929-30.
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786:Front, Celluloid Liberation (2017-12-13).
405:s "Stars in Circles," fabric design, 1923.
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329:(Selection was limited by availability.)
232:(Selection was limited by availability.)
186:replaced it. Meanwhile artist brothers
142:"We declare uncompromising war on art!"
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788:"Boris Arvatov's Art & Production"
692:"Stage Design and the Ballets Russes"
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598:Martins, Luiz Renato (2017-01-01).
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490:. UK: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.
284:in the late 1920s or early 1930s.
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520:Hillegas, Laura (2019-01-04).
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168:Institute of Artistic Culture
604:The Conspiracy of Modern Art
345:s "Taking in the Rye," 1911.
188:Georgi and Vladimir Stenberg
737:Rodney, Seph (2019-03-28).
548:Rodney, Seph (2019-03-28).
360:s "Woman with Pails," 1912.
146:wrote in a 1922 manifesto.
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767:content.lib.washington.edu
486:The Bullfinch Guide to Art
612:10.1163/9789004346086_012
134:sought to reflect modern
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76:Arts and Crafts movement
690:Bowlt, John E. (1987).
482:West, Shearer (1996).
846:Constructivism (art)
841:Russian avant-garde
315:Alexander Rodchenko
148:Alexander Rodchenko
61:Alexander Rodchenko
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212:Art and Production
136:industrial society
74:Russian folk art,
816:www.christies.com
792:The Brooklyn Rail
635:Kubilius, Kerry.
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152:Varvara Stepanova
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53:Major figures
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672:. 2017-09-27
644:. Retrieved
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582:. Retrieved
580:. 2011-11-04
578:the Guardian
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557:. Retrieved
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529:. Retrieved
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477:Bibliography
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301:before 1920.
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264:El Lissitzky
262:
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219:in Germany,
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160:El Lissitzky
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125:Suprematists
109:Productivism
108:
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28:Productivism
606:: 194–212.
144:Aleksei Gan
57:Aleksei Gan
835:Categories
821:2021-11-09
797:2021-11-09
772:2021-11-09
748:2021-11-09
676:2021-11-09
646:2021-11-09
584:2021-11-09
559:2021-11-09
531:2021-11-09
505:References
452:Lilya Brik
448:Rodchenko'
433:Rodchenko'
247:Alexei Gan
210:published
130:But where
93:Influenced
71:Influences
716:0888-7314
702:: 28–45.
641:ThoughtCo
373:Malevich'
358:Malevich'
343:Malevich'
206:By 1926,
466:Anti-art
460:See also
318:in 1930.
267:in 1914.
250:in 1928.
221:De Stijl
193:agitprop
184:montages
174:Overview
123:and the
117:Futurist
101:De Stijl
84:Futurism
45:Location
724:1503934
418:Popova'
403:Popova'
388:Popova'
324:Gallery
227:Artists
217:Bauhaus
97:Bauhaus
722:
714:
618:
494:
113:Cubist
80:Cubism
48:Russia
720:JSTOR
526:Artsy
712:ISSN
616:ISBN
492:ISBN
115:and
99:and
704:doi
608:doi
837::
814:.
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655:^
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215:"
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
