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124:, which were not connected. Therefore, Prussia sought to bring one of the large states between its two sections into the Prussian customs system, in order to unify the customs system of the whole Prussian Kingdom. One potential partner was the Grand Duchy of Hesse ("Hesse-Darmstadt"). From 1820 to 1823, Hesse-Darmstadt had engaged in negotiations regarding a
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agreements which harmed
Hessian interests. However, the union meant that Hesse-Darmstadt was absorbed into the Prussian customs administration and that the Hessian customs system was "organised identically to the Royal Prussian customs administration." All customs barriers between the two states were removed, with the exception of salt,
93:. The main goal was to increase state revenues. In this context, Prussia began to create a unified customs area when it passed a new customs law in October 1818. With this law, the government began systematically encouraging smaller states in the area of Prussia to join the system. In this context, negotiations took place with various
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saw the union with Hesse-Darmstadt as only the first step in the creation of a wider customs union. The
Prussian government therefore refrained from officially dominating Hesse-Darmstadt except in the case of small enclaves and accepted some disadvantages like a Hessian right to reject Prussian trade
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and others, the
Prussian-Hessian Customs Union and the South German Customs Union grew closer to one another. In 1829, the two unions unified, granting tax-free status to all local products. This paved the way for the creation of the German Customs Union in 1834.
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in 1825 also failed. Thus, on 14 February 1828, Hesse-Darmstadt finally conceded to join the
Prussian system. In retrospect, this agreement was significant as Prussia's first extension of its influence south of the
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to create their own customs union. However, despite a treaty between Baden and Hesse-Darmstadt in 1824, this union remained hypothetical. A meeting on a customs union between
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201:, tobacco, and wine. Changes in customs rates had to be agreed by both coutnries. The revenues were split between Hesse-Darmstadt and the Prussian provinces of
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joined the
Prussian tax and toll system, thus bringing them into the customs union. In 1829 and 1830, other small areas joined (
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and because it created an economic bridge between the two parts of the
Kingdom which had previously remained separate.
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that was established in 1828. Several other states joined over the following years, most notably the
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A key problem for
Prussia was that it consisted of a western and an eastern portion after the
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Prussian publication of the 22 March 1833 treaty which unified the
Pussian-Hessian and
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regarding the regions of
Lipperode, Cappel, and Grevenhagen in June 1826, and with
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As a result of the enclave treaties, Schwarzburg-Sondershausen and some smaller
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regarding the regions of
Allstedt and Oldisleben on 27 June 1823, with the
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The treaty was in force until 31 December 1834. Through the mediation of
349:. Deutschland 1807–1871. Beck, München 1995, ISBN 3-406-30819-8, pp. 339
61:, which replaced it in 1834, and thus a first economic step towards the
57:. The union was an important stepping stone towards the creation of the
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339:. Wiss. Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 2003, ISBN 3-534-15152-6, pp. 62f.
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Der deutsche Zollverein. Geschichte seiner Entstehung und Entwicklung
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4th edition. Leske+Budrich, Opladen 1994. ISBN 3-8100-1336-6, p. 170.
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of other countries also belonged to the customs union. In July 1828,
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regarding Rossow, Netzband und Schönberg on 2 December 1826.
128:, which culminated in an attempt by Hesse Darmstadt,
371:Preußisch-Hessische Zollunion (auf HGIS Germany)
20:Prussian-Hessian Customs Union, map from 1872.
312:Article 2 of the Treaty of 14 February 1828;
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303:Article 5 of the Treaty of 14 February 1828.
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359:(2 ed.). Leipzig: Veit & Comp.
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101:. This was followed by treaties with
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401:Treaties of the Grand Duchy of Hesse
411:Treaties of the Kingdom of Prussia
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347:Vom Staatenbund zum Nationalstaat
318:Deutschland im 19. Jahrhundert.
238:Central German Commercial Union
406:1828 establishments in Prussia
177:The Prussian Finance minister
39:preußisch-hessische Zollverein
26:Prussian-Hessian Customs Union
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148:, and Baden that was held in
353:von Weber, Wilhelm (1871).
169:Process of German economic
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234:Principality of Birkenfeld
209:based on population size.
126:South German Customs Union
99:Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
416:1834 disestablishments
249:Johann Friedrich Cotta
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105:on 24 June 1822, with
103:Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
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63:unification of Germany
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111:Principality of Lippe
85:After the end of the
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115:Mecklenburg-Schwerin
107:Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
91:German Confederation
51:Grand Duchy of Hesse
240:. In 1832, most of
59:German Custom Union
55:Electorate of Hesse
396:Economy of Prussia
314:Manfred Görtemaker
179:Friedrich von Motz
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122:Congress of Vienna
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47:Kingdom of Prussia
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337:Der Deutsche Bund
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130:Hesse-Kassel
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79:South German
45:between the
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230:Lichtenberg
182: [
171:unification
146:Württemberg
380:Categories
256:References
226:Meisenheim
207:Westphalia
203:Rhineland
161:Structure
155:Mainlinie
150:Stuttgart
31:‹See Tfd›
214:exclaves
197:, beer,
95:enclaves
49:and the
41:) was a
391:Vormärz
242:Waldeck
199:vinegar
142:Bavaria
232:, and
195:brandy
136:, and
134:Nassau
35:German
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138:Baden
220:and
205:and
24:The
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184:de
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28:(
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