3022:
3041:; the differences are: the "Bill" sheet was named "Bill, Unenacted Bill"; the "Dataset" sheet was named "Data File"; the "Interview", "Podcast", "Press Release", and "Sheet1" (a list of the type abbreviations and full names) sheets did not yet exist; and "M1" meaning "Issue" was not yet in the "Conference Paper" sheet.
232:
Many strings have limits on what characters they can contain (e.g. any ASCII character, just alphanumerics, or just digits) or their length (often limited to 255 characters). These are only sometimes noted in the table below; see the linked sources to double-check, particularly and the pages in RIS
692:
File attachments, e.g. figure. "Link to PDF. There is no practical length limit to this field. URL addresses can be entered individually, one per tag or multiple addresses can be entered on one line using a semi-colon as a separator. These links should end with a file name, and not simply a landing
228:
Each name must be formatted as a comma-separated list of last name, first name (including middle names, can be initials), and suffix, in that order, and must not be longer than 255 characters. Unless otherwise specified, each date must be formatted as a slash-separated list of 4-digit year, 2-digit
810:
Number of volumes, e.g. extent of work, reporter abbreviation, catalog number, study number, document number, version, amount received, session number, frequency, manuscript number, US patent classification, communication number, series volume, or statute number. Ignored for Press
Release (PRESS).
761:
Number, publication number, text number, size, bill number, series volume, computer, issue, chapter, status, document number, start page, issue number, folio number, number of screens, application number, number of pages, public law number, or access date. Miscellaneous 1. A good place for type or
996:
Secondary title, journal, periodical, publication title, code, title of weblog, series title, book title, image source program, conference name, dictionary title, periodical title, encyclopedia title, committee, program, title number, magazine, collection title, album title, newspaper, published
640:
Alternate title, e.g. alternate journal, abbreviated publication, abbreviation, or alternate magazine. If possible, it should be a standard abbreviation, preferably using the Index
Medicus style including periods. This field is used for the abbreviated title of a book or journal name, the latter
204:
TY - JOUR AU - Shannon, Claude E. PY - 1948 DA - July TI - A Mathematical Theory of
Communication T2 - Bell System Technical Journal SP - 379 EP - 423 VL - 27 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem A1 - Turing, Alan Mathison JO -
276:
Secondary author/editor/translator, e.g. editor, performers, sponsor, series editor, reporter, institution, name of file, producer, series director, department, interviewer, issuing organization, recipient, or narrator. The tag must be repeated for each person. Synonym of ED.
236:
There are two major versions of the RIS specification, one from 2001, and one from the end of 2011 with different lists of tags for each type of record, sometimes with different meanings. Below is an excerpt of the main RIS tags, from both versions. Except for
343:(Primary) author/editor/translator, e.g. author, artist, created by, attribution, programmer, investigators, editor, director, interviewee, cartographer, composer, reporter, inventor, or institution. The tag must be repeated for each person. Synonym of A1.
2240:
923:
Section, screens, code section, message number, pages, chapter, filed date, number of pages, original release date, version, e-pub date, duration of grant, section number, start page, international patent number, or running time.
701:
URL. "Link to Full-text. There is no practical length limit to this field. URL addresses can be entered individually, one per tag or multiple addresses can be entered on one line using a semi-colon as a separator." Internet link.
1911:(ISI) in 1994, a division of Thomson Business Information (later Thomson Reuters and then Clarivate). Thomson subsequently acquired ProCite from Personal Bibliographic Software Inc, as well as Niles software, the creators of
285:
Tertiary author/editor/translator, e.g. series editor/author, illustrator, editor, higher court, producer, director, international author, publisher, or advisor. The tag must be repeated for each person. Collaborators.
1005:
Tertiary title, volume title, series title, legislative body, institution, decision, website title, location of work, supplement no., international title, paper number, international source, or department.
3929:
294:
Subsidiary/quaternary author/editor/translator, e.g. translator, counsel, sponsor, funding agency, performers, producer, department/division, or volume editor. The tag must be repeated for each person.
63:
is a standardized tag format developed by
Research Information Systems, Incorporated (the format name refers to the company) to enable citation programs to exchange data. It is supported by a number of
576:
Edition, e.g. epub (electronic publication?) date, date published, session, action of higher court, version, requirement, description of material, international patent classification, or description.
907:
Reprint status, e.g. reprint edition, review date, or notes. Has three possible values: "IN FILE", "NOT IN FILE", or "ON REQUEST". "ON REQUEST" must be followed by an MM/DD/YY date in parentheses.
375:
Custom 2, e.g. PMCID, credits, year published, unit of observation, date cited, congress number, contact address, area, form of composition, issue, issue date, recipients e-mail, or report number.
367:
Custom 1, e.g. legal note, cast, author affiliation, section, place published, time period, term, year cited, government body, contact name, scale, format of music, column, or sender's e-mail.
778:
Type of work, e.g. type (of work/article/medium/image); citation of reversal; medium; funding, patent, or thesis type; format; or form of item. Miscellaneous 3. Suitable to hold the medium.
1907:
The origin of the name RIS was obtained via email from Henry
Johnson, a Customer Technical Representative at Scientific Thomson Reuters. Research Information Systems was acquired by the
1081:
Volume, code volume, access year, reporter volume, image size, edition, amount requested, rule number, volume/storage container, number, patent version number, code number, or degree.
183:
TY - JOUR AU - Shannon, Claude E. PY - 1948 DA - July TI - A Mathematical Theory of
Communication T2 - Bell System Technical Journal SP - 379 EP - 423 VL - 27 ER -
3034:
359:
Primary/secondary title. For Whole Book (BOOK) and
Unpublished Work (UNPB) references, this maps to T1 or TI; for all other types, this maps to T2. Subtitle. Book title.
875:(Primary) (publication) year/date, e.g. year decided, year of conference, or year released. Must always use 4 digits, with leading zeros if before 1000. Synonym of Y1.
112:
Bible
Software, and online library catalogs can export citations in this format. Citation management applications can export and import citations in this format.
3018:
2232:
827:
Original publication, e.g. contents, history, content, version history, original grant number, or priority numbers. Other pages. Original foreign title.
383:
Custom 3, e.g. size/length, title prefix, proceedings title, data type, PMCID, congress session, contact phone, size, music parts, or designated states.
4163:
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399:
Custom 5, e.g. format, packaging method, issue title, last update date, funding number, accompanying matter, format/length, references, or publisher.
3193:
1915:. The result of the merger was the creation of ISI ResearchSoft, a subsidiary of Thomson Reuters, which produces Reference Manager, EndNote and
4066:
487:
Date, e.g. date accessed, last update date, date decided, date of collection, date released, deadline, date of code edition, or date enacted.
2630:
1908:
1951:
3035:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vTOqwg_HALSlMz_ykEJmhQ9Jrqld7MkjVvQ5CQSPRqm5RCudguZnlP3t3N2ax0DeTTI-CmtJ_tOw60n/pubhtml
843:
Publisher, e.g. court, distributor, sponsoring agency, library/archive, assignee, institution, source, or university / degree grantor.
4283:
2259:
668:
Abbreviation (for journal/periodical name). "Periodical name: full format. This is an alphanumeric field of up to 255 characters."
4246:
97:
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1976:
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1929:
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2001:
1073:
Web/URL. Can be repeated for multiple tags, or multiple URLs can be entered in the same tag as a semicolon-separated list.
4084:
65:
4273:
191:
This is an example of how two citation records would be expressed in a single RIS file. Note the first record ends with
327:(Author/editor/inventor) address, e.g. postal address, email address, phone number, and/or fax number. Institution.
684:
Keyword/phrase. Must be at most 255 characters long. May be repeated any number of times to add multiple keywords.
710:
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503:
225:
tag must appear last. Most tags must appear at most once, but the author, keyword, and URL tags can be repeated.
4155:
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229:
month, 2-digit day, and other info (e.g. season); unused fields may be omitted if they are at the end.
162:
Multiple citation records can be present in a single RIS file. A record ends with an "end record" tag
1864:
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176:
This is an example of how the article "Claude E. Shannon. A mathematical theory of communication.
2619:
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Meaning (see linked references for more details, such as which types have which interpretations)
25:
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144:
89:
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391:
Custom 4, e.g. reviewer, dataset(s), genre, contact fax, target audience, or attorney/agent.
1888:
205:
Proc. of London
Mathematical Society VL - 47 IS - 1 SP - 230 EP - 265 Y1 - 1937 ER -
997:
source, title of show, section title, academic department, or full journal name. Subtitle.
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136:
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https://web.archive.org/web/20120717122530/http://refman.com/support/direct%20export.zip
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3019:"EndNote: Directions for implementing EndNote Direct Export - EN RIS Documentation.xls"
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Biblioteca
Universitaria / Unibertsitateko Biblioteka; llzrimem (January 31, 2011).
1984:
1022:(Primary) title, e.g. title of entry/grant/podcast/work, case name, or name of act.
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Pages, description, code pages, number of pages, first/start page, or running time.
1937:
2009:
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Place published, e.g. city, conference location, country, or activity location.
121:
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Notes. Availability (description of where to find it). Location in archives.
3021:. EndNote Desktop, Exporting. Thomson Scientific (published June 28, 2022).
156:
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Figure, e.g. URL or file attachments. Images. Internet link. Local file.
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2620:"ACCESS A RIS / Instrucciones para pasar registros de Access 2007 a RIS"
1916:
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Custom 6, e.g. NIHMSID, CFDA number, legal status, issue, or volume.
101:
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Reference identifier, may be limited to 20 alphanumeric characters.
180:, 27:379–423, July 1948" would be expressed in the RIS file format:
1129:
Access date or date enacted. Secondary date. Date of publication.
133:
471:
Caption. Primary title. Address. Title of unpublished reference.
3458:"Comparison of the Medline (txt), Medline (xml), and RIS format"
693:
page. Use the UR tag for URL links." Internet link. Local file.
148:
1891:—an aging text-based data scheme supported on UNIX-like systems
132:. According to the specifications, the lines must end with the
1861:—bibliographic framework, an emerging standard to replace MARC
147:, while in other contemporary operating systems, particularly
4166:
from the original on October 1, 2023 – via SourceForge.
3800:
from the original on October 1, 2023 – via SourceForge.
3682:
from the original on October 1, 2023 – via SourceForge.
819:
Output language (using one of the documented numeric codes).
2233:"EndNote: Directions for implementing EndNote Direct Export"
3033:– via Clarivate, hosted by Salesforce. Summarized at
2449:
refdb handbook: covers version 0.9.6, Chapter 7. Data input
2627:
Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea
517:. This used to be documented as "Document Object Index".
245:, order of tags is free and their inclusion is optional.
3932:
from the original on October 1, 2023 – via GitHub.
770:
Start page, notes, or number of pages. Miscellaneous 2.
891:
Reviewed item, geographic coverage, or article number.
632:
Notes. User abbreviation 1 of journal/periodical name.
3017:
Melinn, Jennifer; Rodriguez, Cheryl (July 10, 2013).
2008:. The Thomson Corporation. 2011-10-06. Archived from
1983:. The Thomson Corporation. 2001-02-14. Archived from
1879:—a text-based data scheme used by the EndNote program
1149:
652:Standard abbreviation for journal/periodical name.
221:
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38:
24:
552:Secondary author. Editor. Synonym of A2. Edition.
1121:"Year///Date". Primary date/year. Synonym of PY.
423:Custom 8, not used by any of the standard types.
4045:"Tag Definitions: Title and Reference Type Tags"
3961:"Tag Definitions: Periodical and Publisher Tags"
2762:"ris-tags.md: Reference Manager RIS file format"
643:User abbreviation 2 of journal/periodical name.
168:with no additional blank lines between records.
143:characters. Note that this is the convention on
4253:. February 14, 2001. p. 10. Archived from
4073:. Archived from the original on March 12, 2004.
3922:"bibserver/parserscrapers_plugins/RISParser.py"
16:Standardized tag format for references exchange
4133:"Tag Definitions: Keywords and Reprint Status"
2266:. February 14, 2001. p. 2. Archived from
948:ISSN, ISBN, or report/document/patent number.
268:Interviewee. (Primary) author. Synonym of AU.
1354:Dataset (was Data File) AND Computer Program
8:
2694:"Tag Definitions: Year and Free Text Fields"
319:Abstract or synopsis. Notes. Synonym of N2.
19:
1049:Notes. User definable 1. Thesis-type hint.
124:—two letters, two spaces and a hyphen—is a
2629:(in English and Spanish). pp. 10–13.
1154:
4139:. July 7, 2004. p. 6. Archived from
4114:. July 7, 2004. p. 7. Archived from
4051:. July 7, 2004. p. 3. Archived from
4010:. July 7, 2004. p. 9. Archived from
3967:. July 7, 2004. p. 8. Archived from
2700:. July 7, 2004. p. 5. Archived from
2665:. July 7, 2004. p. 4. Archived from
624:Number, e.g. issue or number of volumes.
2243:from the original on September 30, 2023.
964:Source type: Print(0) or Electronic(1).
568:End of reference. Must be the last tag.
415:Custom 7, e.g. article number or PMCID.
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7:
3025:from the original on October 1, 2023
2483:
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2465:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2037:
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2033:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
1996:
1994:
1971:
1969:
1909:Institute for Scientific Information
128:format for expressing bibliographic
4154:Putnam, Chris (November 12, 2021).
3788:Putnam, Chris (November 12, 2021).
3670:Putnam, Chris (November 12, 2021).
2260:"Field Types and Tags: Page 2 of 2"
1615:Film or broadcast / motion picture
1089:Volume. Published Standard number.
45:application/x-research-info-systems
4108:"Tag Definitions: Periodical Tags"
713:. Related records. Internet link.
455:City/place of publication. Issue.
195:and the second record begins with
14:
660:Full name of journal/periodical.
1804:Bill (was Bill, Unenacted Bill)
1233:Bill (was Bill, Unenacted Bill)
1097:Date of electronic publication.
1428:Web page / electronic citation
526:Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
515:Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
504:Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
219:tag must appear first and the
1:
4004:"Tag Definitions: Misc. Tags"
3928:. Open Knowledge Foundation.
2760:Eaton, Alf (July 18, 2013) .
1560:Journal/periodical (article)
753:Sponsoring library location.
178:Bell System Technical Journal
4247:"Reference Type Field Names"
1161:Abbreviation ("Field Label")
584:Free-form publication data.
3037:. Old version available in
2445:"7.1. Writing RIS datasets"
2002:"RIS Format Specifications"
1977:"RIS Format Specifications"
1571:Legal rule (or regulation)
1057:Notes. User definable 2–5.
303:Quinary author / compiler.
187:Example multi-record format
4300:
2659:"Tag Definitions: Authors"
1801:Unenacted bill/resolution
1549:Journal/periodical (full)
1263:Legal case and case notes
4284:Bibliography file formats
4251:RIS Format Specifications
4137:RIS Format Specifications
4112:RIS Format Specifications
4083:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
4049:RIS Format Specifications
4008:RIS Format Specifications
3965:RIS Format Specifications
2715:larsgw (April 12, 2021).
2698:RIS Format Specifications
2663:RIS Format Specifications
2264:RIS Format Specifications
1725:Serial (book, monograph)
1593:Map or cartographic data
1152:tag must abbreviated as:
1041:. Must be the first tag.
794:Abstract. Synonym of AB.
4067:"RefWorks Tagged Format"
3194:"RefWorks Tagged Format"
2771:– via GitHub Gist.
1398:Electronic Book Section
1395:Electronic book section
600:Location (call number).
40:Internet media type
3067:CS1 maint: postscript (
1934:www.accordancebible.com
1684:Personal Communication
1681:Personal communication
1519:Personal Communication
1516:Internet communication
1321:Conference Proceedings
1318:Conference proceedings
1186:Audiovisual (material)
233:Format Specifications.
155:is typically marked by
3369:"Importing a RIS File"
3200:. n.d. Archived from
1930:"New Features in 11.2"
867:Place of publication.
4279:Computer file formats
1919:. Email date 7/3/08.
1836:Audiovisual Material
1750:Audiovisual Material
1739:Audiovisual Material
1274:Book section/chapter
1189:Audiovisual Material
1065:User definable 6–15.
4160:Bibutils version 7.2
3794:Bibutils version 7.2
3676:Bibutils version 7.2
3204:on October 22, 2019.
1865:Bibliographic record
1790:Thesis/dissertation
1648:Newspaper (article)
1486:Government Document
1483:Government document
1351:Data file / dataset
1200:Aggregated Database
1197:Aggregated database
1156:RIS reference types
940:Sponsoring library.
616:Identifying phrase.
592:Location (library).
4274:Filename extensions
2717:"RIS specification"
2451:. November 14, 2005
2237:Support - Clarivate
1604:Magazine (article)
1420:Electronic Article
1417:Electronic article
1157:
1014:Translated author.
762:genre information.
536:Database provider.
21:
1651:Newspaper Article
1629:Online Multimedia
1626:Online multimedia
1618:Film or Broadcast
1164:Type ("Ref Type")
1155:
1137:Publication year.
1030:Translated title.
932:Subfile/database.
495:Name of database.
463:Cited references.
335:Accession number.
66:reference managers
26:Filename extension
4257:on July 26, 2010.
4143:on July 26, 2010.
4118:on July 26, 2010.
4055:on July 26, 2010.
4014:on July 26, 2010.
3971:on July 26, 2010.
3462:JabRef v5 GitBook
3057:|postscript=
3054:External link in
2704:on July 26, 2010.
2669:on July 26, 2010.
2270:on July 26, 2010.
2239:. June 28, 2022.
2006:Reference Manager
1981:Reference Manager
1952:"RIS File Format"
1850:
1849:
1823:Unpublished work
1815:Unpublished Work
1812:Unpublished work
1607:Magazine Article
1527:In press article
1332:Conference Paper
1329:Conference paper
1310:Computer Program
1307:Computer program
1144:Type of reference
1141:
1140:
1113:Website version.
1039:Type of reference
988:(Primary) title.
560:Pages. End page.
145:Microsoft Windows
70:digital libraries
58:
57:
4291:
4259:
4258:
4243:
4168:
4167:
4151:
4145:
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3973:
3972:
3957:
3934:
3933:
3917:
3802:
3801:
3785:
3684:
3683:
3672:"lib/ristypes.c"
3667:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3454:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3375:. April 11, 2019
3365:
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2256:
2245:
2244:
2229:
2014:
2013:
1998:
1989:
1988:
1973:
1964:
1963:
1956:ResearcherID.com
1948:
1942:
1941:
1936:. Archived from
1926:
1920:
1905:
1867:—general concept
1833:Video recording
1747:Sound recording
1563:Journal Article
1552:Journal Article
1530:Journal Article
1387:Electronic Book
1384:Electronic book
1365:Online Database
1362:Online database
1230:Bill/resolution
1178:Journal Article
1158:
1151:
915:Reference type.
899:Research notes.
883:Retrieved date.
835:Personal notes.
439:Classification.
311:Website editor.
257:
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3373:Citavi 6 Manual
3367:
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1967:
1950:
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1928:
1927:
1923:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1855:
1299:Classical Work
1296:Classical work
1146:
1105:Website title.
980:Series volume.
255:
251:
242:
238:
220:
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196:
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137:carriage return
118:
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34:
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3803:
3790:"lib/risout.c"
3685:
3475:
3464:. May 11, 2022
3386:
3207:
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2774:
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2461:
2273:
2246:
2015:
2012:on 2012-05-26.
1990:
1987:on 2011-09-30.
1965:
1962:on 2017-07-07.
1943:
1940:on 2016-06-05.
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641:mapped to T2.
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4156:"lib/risin.c"
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544:Data source.
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447:Call number.
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94:ScienceDirect
91:
87:
83:
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62:
53:
49:
43:
41:
37:
29:
27:
23:
4255:the original
4250:
4159:
4149:
4141:the original
4136:
4116:the original
4111:
4070:
4061:
4053:the original
4048:
4012:the original
4007:
3969:the original
3964:
3925:
3793:
3675:
3466:. Retrieved
3461:
3377:. Retrieved
3372:
3202:the original
3197:
3027:. Retrieved
2765:. Retrieved
2724:. Retrieved
2720:
2710:
2702:the original
2697:
2667:the original
2662:
2626:
2453:. Retrieved
2448:
2268:the original
2263:
2236:
2010:the original
2005:
1985:the original
1980:
1960:the original
1955:
1946:
1938:the original
1933:
1924:
1903:
1409:Edited Book
1406:Edited book
1147:
642:
235:
231:
227:
212:
190:
177:
175:
161:
119:
98:SpringerLink
60:
59:
54:Bibliography
1585:Manuscript
1582:Manuscript
1574:Legal Rule
1376:Dictionary
1373:Dictionary
153:end of line
122:file format
78:IEEE Xplore
4268:Categories
3468:October 1,
3379:October 1,
2767:October 1,
2726:October 1,
2455:2023-10-01
1896:References
1541:Interview
1538:Interview
729:Language.
110:Accordance
86:ACM Portal
3926:BibServer
1844:Web page
1761:Standard
1758:Standard
1662:Pamphlet
1659:Pamphlet
1453:Equation
1450:Equation
1431:Web Page
1175:Abstract
1167:Category
676:Keyword.
431:Caption.
198:TY - JOUR
157:line feed
141:line feed
130:citations
4164:Archived
4079:cite web
4071:RefWorks
3930:Archived
3798:Archived
3680:Archived
3198:RefWorks
3047:cite web
3023:Archived
2631:Archived
2241:Archived
1859:BIBFRAME
1853:See also
1780:Generic
1772:Statute
1769:Statute
1695:Podcast
1692:Podcast
1508:Hearing
1505:Hearing
1475:Generic
1472:Generic
1343:Catalog
1340:Catalog
1222:Artwork
1219:Artwork
120:The RIS
106:The Lens
90:Scopemed
68:. Many
1917:ProCite
1913:EndNote
1877:EndNote
1793:Thesis
1728:Serial
1717:Report
1714:Report
1673:Patent
1670:Patent
1579:MANSCPT
1464:Figure
1461:Figure
1205:ANCIENT
1062:U6–U15
851:PMCID.
802:Notes.
786:Notes.
745:Links.
737:Label.
72:, like
1871:BibTeX
1798:UNBILL
1736:Slide
1700:PRESS
1640:Music
1497:Grant
1494:Grant
1480:GOVDOC
1458:FIGURE
1403:EDBOOK
1326:CPAPER
1288:Chart
1285:Chart
1054:U2–U5
859:PMID.
848:PMCID
256:
252:
159:only.
151:, the
126:tagged
116:Format
102:Rayyan
84:, the
82:Scopus
2634:(PDF)
2623:(PDF)
1889:refer
1830:VIDEO
1809:UNPB
1755:STAND
1744:SOUND
1733:SLIDE
1678:PCOMM
1634:MUSIC
1623:MULTI
1568:LEGAL
1546:JFULL
1535:INTV
1513:ICOMM
1436:ENCYC
1425:ELEC
1414:EJOUR
1392:ECHAP
1381:EBOOK
1359:DBASE
1293:CLSWK
1282:CHART
1266:Case
1255:Book
1244:Blog
1241:Blog
856:PMID
193:ER -
165:ER -
134:ASCII
4085:link
3470:2023
3381:2023
3069:link
3062:help
3031:2023
2769:2023
2728:2023
1883:MARC
1820:UNPD
1787:THES
1777:STD
1766:STAT
1711:RPRT
1689:POD
1656:PAMP
1645:NEWS
1612:MPCT
1601:MGZN
1596:Map
1557:JOUR
1524:INPR
1502:HEAR
1491:GRNT
1447:EQUA
1370:DICT
1348:DATA
1337:CTLG
1315:CONF
1304:COMP
1271:CHAP
1260:CASE
1249:BOOK
1238:BLOG
1227:BILL
1194:AGGR
1183:ADVS
1172:ABST
1150:TY -
522:DOI
243:ER -
241:and
239:TY -
222:ER -
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