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not operational anywhere in Poland, and the
Central Rail Line (where the first ED250 Pendolino had reached 293 km/h (182 mph) in testing) was equipped with ETCS Level 1, not Level 2. On 26 June 2014, a compromise was reached between PKP and Alstom under which the Pendolinos would be delivered under a two-stage homologation, first homologated for operation using ETCS Level 1 and eventually to be homologated for ETCS Level 2. Hopes were expressed that the Pendolinos could be in service by 14 December 2014.
2238:
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817:; on 16 November, the first day of testing, the Pendolino reached 242 km/h (150 mph). On 17 November 2013, a new speed record for Polish railways was set when the Pendolino ED250 reached a speed of 291 km/h (181 mph), breaking the previous record of 250.1 km/h (155.4 mph) set 19 years prior. On 24 November 2013, the final day of tests on the CMK Central Rail Line, the Pendolino reached 293 km/h (182 mph).
712:
exerted upon the track that it compelled a lower-than-expected operating speed; it was determined that the new trains would have to run so slowly that traditional trains that lacked tilting systems would be just as fast, and thus some officials publicly questioned the project's value. The original intended schedule for the type's introduction was to coincide with the
December 2007 timetable change, together with the opening of the
676:
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1996:
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844:(TSI). In the 2020/21 timetable, ED250 routinely operated at a scheduled speed of up to 200 km/h (124 mph) along selected stretches of the Warszawa - Gdynia and Central Rail Line routes. Polish Pendolino trainsets do not have tilting mechanism which precludes them from the main advantage of faster taking of curves. In 2020, one train did derail in Germany during an instrumented test run.
2058:
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877:, is a four-car variant of the New Pendolino series. During October 2004, it was announced that RENFE had placed an order for 30 high-speed trains, configured for medium distance routes and thus lacking tilting mechanisms. The order, which was subsequently reduced to thirteen trainsets, supplemented the operator's older fleet of Class 104 Pendolinos.
986:(CRH) purchased technologies from Alstom to assemble 60 sets of high speed EMU trains, which have been named CRH5 and are based on the New Pendolino trains. The CRH5 are non-tilting trains. 30 additional sets were ordered in 2009 and 20 additional sets was ordered in 2010 to complete the current fleet operating on China's northern and eastern lines.
716:; however, it was deferred and rescheduled for spring 2009, this date was also missed. During August 2009, the ETR 610 fleet finally achieved sufficient progress as to permit it to enter revenue service. The train is run on international routes between Switzerland and Italy; it is also used to conduct a single daily trip from
611:) to the mechanism enabling them to tilt when going around a curve. The maximum tilt of 8 degrees allows the trains to reach a speed that is up to 35% higher than conventional trains whilst remaining comfortable for passengers. Developed by Alstom Ferroviaria, which inherited tilting technology (including that of the British
836:
signalling. These tests had not been performed by May, and PKP announced that Alstom had failed to meet the contract terms and would be charged penalties as of May 6. Alstom responded that homologation in Poland at 250 km/h (155 mph) using ETCS Level 2 was impossible, since ETCS Level 2 was
743:
following a refurbishment. In
January 2023, the SBB announced a SFr 120m ($ US 131.2m) investment in an extensive refurbishment of the ETR 610 fleet to facilitate its continued operation for a further 15 years. The program involves renewing and replacing various components and systems, repainting the
698:
used in
Switzerland and Germany. This includes the need for much heavier on-board traction power transformers necessary as a result of the lower traction power frequency of 16.7 Hz used in Switzerland and Germany in comparison with those required for the 25 kV 50 Hz AC traction power
711:
Initial testing of the type revealed some shortcomings, perhaps the most significant of which was that the type was too heavy for the main
Gotthard route from Zurich to Milan for which they had been ordered. In fact, the ETR 610's weight impacted the train's permitted cornering speed due to forces
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supplies. The innovative features concern the interior and exterior design, now closer to the customersâ brand strategy and an improved comfort and services for passengers. Moreover, some important technical characteristics have been increased, such as the power of the
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During
October 2015, NTV announced that it would be procuring an initial batch of twelve ETR 675 trainsets as part of its efforts to expand its fleet via a contract valued at âŹ460m. In comparison with the operator's preceding fleet of
1519:
950:, enabling the operator to was increase the number of daily services on its network from 56 to 68. The introduction of the rest of the fleet saw service frequencies being further increased across 2018 to 90 trains per day.
707:
of components and equipment, in order to improve reliability. The new trains will be produced in full accordance with the new regulations governing interoperability (for example, passive security in case of impact).
939:; by this point, the type was undergoing certification trials ahead of operating regular revenue service. In November 2017, NTV announced that it was exercising an option to purchase an additional five trainsets.
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signed an agreement with Alstom for 20 ETR 610 Pendolinos. These new trains, referred to as
Pendolino ED250, were procured with the intent of operating them several major trunk routes, including between
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On 11 September 2014, Polands's
Railway Transport Office (UTK) announced that the ED250 had been certified for operation at up to 250 km/h (155 mph) in accordance with the relevant
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In autumn 2008, the first train of the new class was formally presented. The RENFE has operated its S-114 fleet on its high-speed services between Madrid, Segovia, and
Valladolid, along the
3020:
931:(AGV) trainsets, the new train's maximum speed was approximately 50 km/h (31 mph) slower; the new fleet was reportedly intended to facilitate NTV's expansion of its
935:
services, as well as to introduce services to new destinations. On 3 October 2013, the first of NTV's
Pendolinos was publicly presented at the Expo Ferroviaria exhibition in
923:, is not equipped with tilting apparatus. The name Pendolino, however, evidently remains as a brand for trains that can be structured both with and without oscillation.
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919:, which also includes other rolling stock produced and operated across various different countries. The ETR 675, akin to the model operated by
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Level 2 signalling system; some operations, such as the Swiss Federal Railway (ETR 610) have installed other signalling systems such as
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1419:"Wszystko na temat branĆŒy kolejowej: PKP, Intercity, przewozy regionalne, koleje mazowieckie, rozkĆady jazdy PKP, Kolej"
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vehicle bodies, and making minor accessibility improvements in compliance with Swiss federal disabilities legislation.
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Length of coach: 26.2 metres (85 ft 11 in) (total length 28.2 metres or 92 feet 6 inches)
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On 7 December 2017, the first four out of NTV's 17 ETR 675 trains entered service on its route between
694:) primarily differs from the ETR 600 in the sense that the ETR 610 / RABe 503 supports the voltage and
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653:. A new model generation was launched in 2006 with ETR 600 for Trenitalia and ETR 610 / RABe 503 for
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Total weight under normal load (with seated passengers): 421 t (414 long tons; 464 short tons)
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ETR 610 (Trenitalia and Swiss Federal Railways): 3 kV DC â 25 kV AC â 15 kV (16.7 Hz) AC
200:
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1704:"Renfe estrena nuevos Avant y aumenta un 20% las plazas entre Valladolid, Segovia y Madrid"
134:
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As of 2024, Pendolinos have become a part of the Avelia Stream high speed train family.
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Maximum load per axle: 16.5 t (16.2 long tons; 18.2 short tons) (with passengers)
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1575:"Rekordowo szybkie Pendolino. Od grudnia z Warszawy do GdaĆska w dwie i pĂłĆ godziny"
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1616:"RENFE awards ALSTOM-CAF consortium two orders worth more than 1.7 billion euros"
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High speed tests involving the new trainset were largely conducted on the CMK
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The Pendolino EVO ETR 675 operated by the open-access high-speed operator
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1682:"Presentadas las nuevas series 114, 121, 449, 599 y Trenhotel de Renfe"
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Passenger trains running at least at 250 km/h in commercial operations
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1169:"Avelia Stream: High-speed trains with a wide range of applications"
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a family of high-speed, tilting-technology trains, produced in Italy
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to Warsaw. On 12 August 2013, the first ETR 610 was delivered.
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1748:"Railway Gazette: Open access operator NTV to order Pendolinos"
468:
16.5 t (16.2 long tons; 18.2 short tons) (with passengers)
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29:
1102:, in order to operate over lines not equipped with ETCS.
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Experimental and prototype high-speed trains (category)
1668:"Accelerated development: European regional high-speed"
832:') for operation at 250 km/h (155 mph) using
196:
1394:"291 km/h. Nowy rekord prÄdkoĆci polskiego Pendolino"
1086:
Many of the new Pendolinos have been fitted with the
690:
as it was the second class of tilting trains used by
630:
near Milan (which supplies the traction converters).
1590:"Zug kollidiert mit Rangierlok: LokfĂŒhrer in Klinik"
1070:
Total installed power: 5,500 kW (7,376 hp)
207:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a
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1968:
1945:
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Total length: 187.4 m (614 ft 10 in)
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421 t (414 long tons; 464 short tons) (loaded)
440:
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101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1776:"First Alstom Evo train for NTV unveiled in Milan"
828:trainsets to be delivered on 6 May 2014, tested ('
1287:"PKP Intercity zamawia 20 pociÄ
gĂłw New Pendolino"
1192:"The new Cisalpino is too heavy for the Gotthard"
637:first began service in Italy in 1988, with model
1214:
1212:
824:and Alstom called for the first eight Pendolino
1445:"Pendolino bez homologacji. Od jutra bÄdÄ
kary"
1221:"SBB begins Astoro tilting train refurbishment"
994:The trains have the following characteristics:
1561:"Polish Pendolinos gain 250km/h certification"
3413:
2325:
1899:
842:Technical Specifications for Interoperability
8:
665:ETR 600-610 (Italy) / RABe 503 (Switzerland)
1076:Tilting actuating system: electro-hydraulic
1067:Maximum speed: 250 km/h (155 mph)
873:The Avant S-114, locally designated as the
615:) after its acquisition of former producer
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3420:
3406:
3398:
3060:
2400:
2332:
2318:
2310:
1906:
1892:
1884:
1313:"Polish high speed rail project cancelled"
686:The ETR 610 / RABe 503 (also known as the
256:
1820:"ćæčæćéżæ„蜚éćźąèœŠèĄä»œæéć
Źćžè·2äșżCRH5ććšèœŠç»ć€§èźąć-äžćœè”·éæșć蜊çœ"
820:The contract between the Polish operator
777:On 30 May 2011 the Polish state railways
773:Second class interior of a PKP ED250 unit
245:Learn how and when to remove this message
227:Learn how and when to remove this message
161:Learn how and when to remove this message
1806:"NTV Evo Pendolino trains enter service"
1734:"Alstom and NTV reveal Pendolino design"
1262:"PKP Intercity signs Pendolino contract"
1043:Width: 2.83 m (9 ft 3 in)
1029:ETR 600 (Trenitalia): 3 kV DC â 25 kV AC
373:(total length 28.2 m or 92 ft
1642:"Alta Velocidad para distancias medias"
1160:
1588:Germany, Abendzeitung (8 April 2020).
1544:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1537:
188:contains content that is written like
1804:Chiandoni, Marco (12 December 2017).
1369:"Pendolino osiÄ
gnÄĆo na CMK 242 km/h"
1073:Seating: 430 +2 for wheel chair users
349:187.4 m (614 ft 10 in)
7:
1774:Briginshaw, David (3 October 2017).
1717:Giuricin, Andrea (16 October 2019).
1088:European Train Control System (ETCS)
739:In 2018, the fleet was rebranded as
99:adding citations to reliable sources
3914:Train-related introductions in 2008
3383:Proposed high-speed rail by country
2150:
1559:Barrow, Keith (17 September 2014).
1219:Artymiuk, Simon (18 January 2023).
998:Seven cars, 4 motors and 3 trailers
273:Venezia Santa Lucia railway station
1789:Barrow, Keith (10 November 2017).
902:Torino Porta Nuova railway station
854:AVE § AVANT_â_Media_Distancia
504:25 kV 50 Hz AC
496:25 kV 50 Hz AC
25:
1732:Smith, Kevin (18 December 2015).
1234:Frei, Stephan (1 December 2017).
45:This article has multiple issues.
3506:Electric 800 V DC - Narrow gauge
3041:List of high-speed railway lines
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2002:
1994:
1971:
1948:
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1808:. International Railway Journal.
1793:. International Railway Journal.
1778:. International Railway Journal.
1736:. International Railway Journal.
1670:. International Railway Journal.
1666:Barrow, Keith (9 October 2014).
1647:(in Spanish). . 21 December 2004
1470:"First ETCS certified in Poland"
1223:. International Railway Journal.
265:
177:
75:
34:
27:Italian high-speed tilting train
3860:Category:Rolling stock of Italy
3765:Electric high-speed multisystem
1856:from the original on 2011-07-07
1684:(in Spanish). . 30 October 2008
1082:system with built-in redundancy
597:. These trains owe their name (
328:7 cars, 4 motors and 3 trailers
86:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
3527:Electric 3,6 kV AC Three-Phase
3438:Electric 650 V DC - Third rail
1204:"A train that fails to arrive"
1194:, Tagesanzeiger (Translation).
1:
3430:Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
1753:Railway Gazette International
1719:"Transformation at Italo-NTV"
1135:, a non tilting New Pendolino
1129:, a non tilting New Pendolino
718:Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof
626:, in Piedmont, as well as in
619:, they are built at Alstom's
476:5,500 kW (7,376 hp)
3050:By countries and territories
1594:www.abendzeitung-muenchen.de
929:Automotrice Ă grande vitesse
433:293 km/h (182 mph)
425:250 km/h (155 mph)
3679:Electric 3 kV DC high-speed
3432:railcars and multiple units
3055:planned networks in italics
1850:"äžćœć蜊 çŸèźąæ»éąèŸŸ52äșżć
é性ćć_æ°é»_æ°æ°çœ"
909:Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori
3930:
3879:High-speed trains of Italy
957:
911:(NTV), is a member of the
851:
751:
668:
3856:
3378:
3018:
2572:TGV Sud-Est (refurbished)
2347:
1791:"More Pendolinos for NTV"
1122:List of high speed trains
990:Technical characteristics
557:is a class of high-speed
264:
3894:3000 V DC multiple units
2971:British Rail Classes 800
984:China Railway High-speed
790:, on the high-speed CMK
613:Advanced Passenger Train
357:26.2 m (85 ft
3904:25 kV AC multiple units
3899:15 kV AC multiple units
3033:High-speed railway line
2881:NSB Class 71 (Flytoget)
1338:"Press Centre - Alstom"
868:Valladolid-Campo Grande
565:(Fiat Ferroviaria) for
395:2.83 m (9 ft
2762:TGV Sud-Est (original)
2271:British Rail Class 390
1495:"Polskie Radio Online"
980:
904:
870:
774:
766:
734:Lötschberg Base Tunnel
714:Lötschberg Base Tunnel
683:
3909:Alstom multiple units
2728:Shinkansen Series 200
2542:Shinkansen Series 500
2415:China Railway CR400AF
967:
895:
866:Avant S-114 train at
861:
772:
761:
678:
209:neutral point of view
2705:Renfe Class 120, 121
2447:Renfe Class 100, 101
2429:Shinkansen Series L0
1348:on 27 September 2013
726:Gotthard Base Tunnel
593:is used to identify
336:430 + 2 wheel chairs
95:improve this article
2911:Shinkansen series 0
1236:"Eisenbahn-Amateur"
1144:Stamps with ETR 610
1139:Stamps with ETR 600
1127:China Railways CRH5
848:Avant S-114 (Spain)
580:Operational history
201:promotional content
2809:China Railway DJJ1
2782:(124â155 mph)
2627:(155â186 mph)
2596:M (Avelia Horizon)
2440:(186â217 mph)
1937:China Railway CRH5
1721:. Railway Gazette.
1474:Railwaygazette.com
1443:Kolejowy, Kurier.
1367:Kolejowy, Kurier.
1317:Railwaygazette.com
1291:Gazetakrakowska.pl
1266:Railwaygazette.com
1240:Eisenbahn Amateurh
1149:Stamps with ED 250
981:
960:China Railway CRH5
905:
871:
775:
767:
696:signalling systems
684:
679:An SBB ETR 610 in
628:Sesto San Giovanni
563:Alstom Ferroviaria
482:Electric system(s)
203:and inappropriate
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3787:Frecciarossa 1000
3490:Electric 800 V DC
3474:Electric 650 V DC
3395:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3057:
3027:
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2780:200â249 km/h
2625:250â299 km/h
2438:300â349 km/h
2396:High-speed trains
2307:
2306:
1622:. 30 October 2004
1526:on 6 October 2014
1449:Kurierkolejowy.eu
1423:Rynek-kolejowy.pl
1373:Kurierkolejowy.eu
1049:Weight: 387
815:Central Rail Line
792:Central Rail Line
703:and the level of
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16:(Redirected from
3921:
3548:Electric 3 kV DC
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3061:
3053:
3005:Voyager/Meridian
2673:CR300AF, CR300BF
2606:Thalys PBA, PBKA
2401:
2334:
2327:
2320:
2311:
2287:
2286:
2264:
2263:
2257:United Kingdom
2241:
2240:
2213:
2212:
2190:
2189:
2167:
2166:
2144:
2143:
2086:
2085:
2061:
2060:
2038:
2037:
2030:
2029:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1998:
1976:
1975:
1953:
1952:
1930:
1929:
1908:
1901:
1894:
1885:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1826:. Archived from
1824:www.qizhong7.com
1816:
1810:
1809:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1714:
1708:
1707:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1585:
1579:
1578:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1543:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1522:. Archived from
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1344:. Archived from
1334:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1242:(in German): 551
1231:
1225:
1224:
1216:
1207:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1165:
1022:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1004:
671:FS Class ETR 600
617:Fiat Ferroviaria
603:can mean "small
547:
541:
539:
538:
534:
531:
523:
505:
497:
408:
407:
403:
400:
386:
385:
381:
378:
370:
369:
365:
362:
269:
257:
250:
243:
232:
225:
221:
218:
212:
190:an advertisement
181:
180:
173:
166:
159:
155:
152:
146:
144:
103:
79:
71:
60:
38:
37:
30:
21:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3852:
3791:
3760:
3674:
3585:ETR 324/425/526
3543:
3522:
3501:
3485:
3469:
3433:
3426:
3396:
3387:
3374:
3356:
3228:
3126:
3082:
3052:
3051:
3045:
3023:
3014:
2961:Z-TER (Z 21500)
2781:
2775:
2626:
2620:
2532:KTX-Cheongryong
2439:
2433:
2407:
2405:
2390:
2353:
2343:
2341:High-speed rail
2338:
2308:
2303:
2281:
2275:
2258:
2252:
2235:
2229:
2207:
2201:
2184:
2178:
2161:
2155:
2138:
2132:
2080:
2074:
2055:
2049:
2032:
2024:
2018:
2001:
1993:
1987:
1970:
1964:
1947:
1946:Czech Republic
1941:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1874:
1869:
1868:
1859:
1857:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1833:
1831:
1830:on 3 March 2016
1818:
1817:
1813:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1758:
1756:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1685:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1650:
1648:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1625:
1623:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1599:
1597:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1536:
1529:
1527:
1520:"Archived copy"
1518:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1501:
1499:Polskieradio.pl
1493:
1492:
1488:
1478:
1476:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1453:
1451:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1427:
1425:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1351:
1349:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1321:
1319:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1270:
1268:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1245:
1243:
1233:
1232:
1228:
1218:
1217:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1190:
1186:
1177:
1175:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1133:Avant class 114
1108:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1007:4 ft
1006:
1002:
992:
962:
956:
890:
888:ETR 675 (Italy)
882:high-speed line
875:RENFE Class 114
856:
850:
756:
754:PKP class ED250
750:
722:Milano Centrale
673:
667:
587:
582:
543:
536:
532:
529:
527:
526:4 ft
525:
521:
509:15 kV 16â
Hz AC
503:
500:
495:
457:
436:
405:
401:
398:
396:
383:
379:
376:
374:
372:
367:
363:
360:
358:
309:Entered service
275:
251:
240:
239:
238:
233:
222:
216:
213:
194:
182:
178:
167:
156:
150:
147:
110:"New Pendolino"
104:
102:
92:
80:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Renfe Class 114
15:
12:
11:
5:
3927:
3925:
3917:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3871:
3870:
3864:
3863:
3857:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3768:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3682:
3680:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3536:
3530:
3528:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3493:
3491:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3483:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3441:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3402:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3352:United Kingdom
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3262:Czech Republic
3258:
3251:
3246:
3238:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3180:
3175:
3168:
3161:
3156:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3136:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3090:
3088:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3080:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3058:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2860:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2823:China Railway
2813:China Railway
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2759:
2754:
2725:
2716:
2711:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2675:
2669:China Railway
2657:2A, 2B, 2E, 2G
2647:China Railway
2636:
2634:Avelia Liberty
2630:
2628:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2618:
2616:Siemens Velaro
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2569:
2564:
2539:
2534:
2521:
2516:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2465:China Railway
2462:
2457:
2443:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2411:
2409:
2406:(217 mph)
2398:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2383:
2374:
2369:
2363:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2351:rail transport
2348:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2314:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2299:Avelia Liberty
2296:
2290:
2288:
2280:United States
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2267:
2265:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2231:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2222:
2216:
2214:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2193:
2191:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2170:
2168:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2064:
2062:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2041:
2039:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2010:
2008:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1933:
1931:
1920:
1919:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1873:
1872:External links
1870:
1867:
1866:
1841:
1811:
1796:
1781:
1766:
1739:
1724:
1709:
1695:
1673:
1658:
1633:
1607:
1580:
1566:
1551:
1511:
1486:
1461:
1435:
1410:
1385:
1359:
1329:
1304:
1278:
1253:
1226:
1208:
1196:
1184:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1119:
1117:Avelia Liberty
1114:
1107:
1104:
1100:Integra-Signum
1084:
1083:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1024:
999:
991:
988:
958:Main article:
955:
952:
889:
886:
852:Main article:
849:
846:
764:WrocĆaw GĆĂłwny
752:Main article:
749:
748:ED250 (Poland)
746:
736:to Frankfurt.
730:Simplon Tunnel
666:
663:
641:, followed by
586:
583:
581:
578:
559:tilting trains
549:
548:
545:standard gauge
519:
513:
512:
484:
478:
477:
474:
470:
469:
466:
460:
459:
442:
438:
437:
435:
434:
431:
426:
423:
417:
415:
411:
410:
393:
389:
388:
355:
351:
350:
347:
343:
342:
341:Specifications
338:
337:
334:
330:
329:
326:
322:
321:
318:
314:
313:
310:
306:
305:
304:2006 â present
302:
298:
297:
291:
287:
286:
281:
277:
276:
270:
262:
261:
253:
252:
235:
234:
205:external links
185:
183:
176:
169:
168:
83:
81:
74:
69:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3926:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3763:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
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3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
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3729:
3727:
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3722:
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3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
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3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
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3683:
3681:
3677:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3546:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3504:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3472:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3440:
3436:
3431:
3423:
3418:
3416:
3411:
3409:
3404:
3403:
3400:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3123:
3122:United States
3120:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3048:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3030:
3022:
3017:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2932:SBB RABDe 500
2930:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2854:InterCity 125
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2700:New Pendolino
2698:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2653:CRH1A, 1B, 1E
2651:
2650:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2623:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2529:
2528:II (Sancheon)
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2510:Eurostar e300
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2463:
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2444:
2442:
2436:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2404:350 km/h
2402:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
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2356:
2352:
2346:
2342:
2335:
2330:
2328:
2323:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2278:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2232:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2204:
2198:
2197:SĆœ series 310
2195:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2181:
2175:
2174:Alfa Pendular
2172:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2069:OSE Class 470
2066:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2028:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2005:
1997:
1990:
1984:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1967:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1921:
1917:family trains
1916:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1897:
1895:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1812:
1807:
1800:
1797:
1792:
1785:
1782:
1777:
1770:
1767:
1755:
1754:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1728:
1725:
1720:
1713:
1710:
1705:
1699:
1696:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1669:
1662:
1659:
1646:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1595:
1591:
1584:
1581:
1576:
1570:
1567:
1562:
1555:
1552:
1547:
1541:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1500:
1496:
1490:
1487:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1450:
1446:
1439:
1436:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1399:
1395:
1389:
1386:
1374:
1370:
1363:
1360:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1318:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1293:. 30 May 2011
1292:
1288:
1282:
1279:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1254:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1188:
1185:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1003:1,435 mm
1000:
997:
996:
995:
989:
987:
985:
979:
975:
971:
966:
961:
954:CRH5A (China)
953:
951:
949:
945:
940:
938:
934:
930:
924:
922:
918:
914:
910:
903:
899:
894:
887:
885:
883:
878:
876:
869:
865:
860:
855:
847:
845:
843:
838:
835:
831:
827:
823:
822:PKP Intercity
818:
816:
811:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
780:
771:
765:
760:
755:
747:
745:
742:
737:
735:
731:
728:and back via
727:
723:
719:
715:
709:
706:
702:
701:traction unit
697:
693:
689:
688:Cisalpino Due
682:
677:
672:
664:
662:
660:
659:New Pendolino
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
631:
629:
625:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
601:
596:
592:
584:
579:
577:
574:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
555:New Pendolino
546:
522:1,435 mm
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
498:
492:
489:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
465:
461:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
432:
430:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
416:
414:Maximum speed
412:
394:
390:
356:
352:
348:
344:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
292:
288:
285:
282:
278:
274:
268:
263:
260:New Pendolino
258:
249:
246:
231:
228:
220:
210:
206:
202:
198:
192:
191:
186:This article
184:
175:
174:
165:
162:
154:
151:November 2012
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119:
115:
112: â
111:
107:
106:Find sources:
100:
96:
90:
89:
84:This article
82:
78:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
3781:
3367:
3319:
3297:
3260:
3253:
3241:
3221:
3204:
3195:Saudi Arabia
3182:
3170:
3163:
3151:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3075:
3054:
2891:NSB Class 74
2886:NSB Class 73
2824:
2814:
2757:TCDD HT65000
2719:SBB RABe 501
2699:
2670:
2648:
2601:TCDD HT80000
2466:
2367:Conventional
2359:Technologies
2247:
2234:Switzerland
2122:
2067:
1983:VR Class Sm3
1960:ÄD Class 680
1858:. Retrieved
1844:
1832:. Retrieved
1828:the original
1823:
1814:
1799:
1784:
1769:
1757:. Retrieved
1751:
1742:
1727:
1712:
1706:. June 2011.
1698:
1686:. Retrieved
1676:
1661:
1649:. Retrieved
1645:
1636:
1624:. Retrieved
1610:
1598:. Retrieved
1593:
1583:
1569:
1554:
1528:. Retrieved
1524:the original
1514:
1502:. Retrieved
1498:
1489:
1477:. Retrieved
1473:
1464:
1452:. Retrieved
1448:
1438:
1426:. Retrieved
1422:
1413:
1401:. Retrieved
1397:
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1372:
1362:
1350:. Retrieved
1346:the original
1341:
1332:
1320:. Retrieved
1316:
1307:
1295:. Retrieved
1290:
1281:
1269:. Retrieved
1265:
1256:
1244:. Retrieved
1239:
1229:
1206:, Swissinfo.
1199:
1187:
1176:. Retrieved
1172:
1163:
1085:
993:
982:
941:
932:
925:
912:
906:
879:
874:
872:
839:
819:
812:
776:
740:
738:
710:
687:
685:
658:
632:
598:
590:
588:
575:
554:
552:
473:Power output
428:
420:
346:Train length
317:Number built
280:Manufacturer
241:
223:
214:
199:by removing
195:Please help
187:
157:
148:
138:
131:
124:
117:
105:
93:Please help
88:verification
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
3813:ALn 501/502
3808:ATR 365/465
3772:ETR 500 P/F
3650:ALe 801/940
3645:ALe 792/882
3640:ALe 790/880
3630:ALe 710/711
3625:ALe 644/804
3605:ETR 563/564
3600:ALe 540/660
3595:ALe 501/502
3590:ETR 421/521
3580:ALe 426/506
3428:Classes of
3342:Switzerland
3305:Netherlands
3190:South Korea
2483:MTR CRH380A
2113:ETR 480/485
1596:(in German)
517:Track gauge
301:Constructed
3873:Categories
3217:Uzbekistan
3184:Kazakhstan
2665:5A, 5E, 5G
2639:China Star
2576:Atlantique
2460:Alstom AGV
2424:Transrapid
2372:Hovertrain
2031:/ Austria
1860:2010-12-30
1688:19 January
1651:19 January
1626:19 January
1342:Alstom.com
1246:1 December
1178:2024-01-10
1155:References
1059:short tons
915:family of
705:redundancy
669:See also:
621:Savigliano
585:Background
567:Trenitalia
501:3 kV DC â
454:short tons
371: in)
354:Car length
294:Savigliano
271:ETR600 at
197:improve it
121:newspapers
50:improve it
3884:Pendolino
3858:See also
3369:Australia
3159:Indonesia
3145:Hong Kong
3095:Argentina
3000:Talgo XXI
2896:Pendolino
2611:THSR 700T
2377:Hyperloop
2225:Renfe 490
2220:Renfe 114
2183:Slovenia
2160:Portugal
2023:Germany
2000:/ Russia
1915:Pendolino
1878:Pendolino
1759:6 October
1112:Pendolino
1055:long tons
1026:Voltage:
968:CRH5A in
830:certified
762:ED250 at
692:Cisalpino
655:Cisalpino
635:Pendolino
600:pendolino
591:Pendolino
589:The name
571:Cisalpino
561:built by
511:(ETR 610)
499:(ETR 600)
464:Axle load
450:long tons
444:387
409: in)
387: in)
325:Formation
217:June 2014
56:talk page
3497:MACD 700
3321:Portugal
3206:Thailand
3087:Americas
2799:Adelante
2766:La Poste
2723:RABe 503
2381:Vactrain
2349:Part of
2128:ETR 1000
2054:Greece
1992:Finland
1969:Finland
1880:â Alstom
1854:Archived
1540:cite web
1398:Tvn24.pl
1106:See also
1021: in
974:Liaoning
970:Shenyang
896:ETR 675
800:Katowice
724:via the
605:pendulum
540: in
421:Service:
333:Capacity
290:Built at
3848:ALn 990
3843:ALn 880
3838:ALn 873
3833:ALn 773
3828:ALn 772
3823:ALn 668
3818:ALn 663
3803:ATR 220
3782:ETR 610
3777:ETR 600
3756:ETR 500
3751:ETR 485
3746:ETR 480
3741:ETR 470
3736:ETR 463
3731:ETR 460
3726:ETR 450
3721:ETR 401
3716:ETR 300
3711:ETR 250
3706:ETR 240
3701:ETR 230
3696:ETR 220
3691:ETR 200
3670:ALe 883
3665:ALe 841
3660:ALe 840
3655:ALe 803
3635:ALe 724
3620:ALe 642
3615:ALe 601
3610:ALe 582
3575:ALe 402
3570:ALe 400
3565:ALe 184
3361:Oceania
3283:Germany
3273:Finland
3268:Denmark
3255:Croatia
3249:Belgium
3243:Austria
3223:Vietnam
3071:Morocco
2901:Railjet
2876:Javelin
2695:KTX-Eum
2505:ETR 400
2500:ETR 500
2419:CR400BF
2408:or more
2248:ETR 610
2137:Poland
2123:ETR 610
2118:ETR 600
2108:ETR 470
2103:ETR 460
2098:ETR 450
2093:ETR 401
2014:Allegro
1834:6 April
1600:9 April
1504:29 July
1479:29 July
1454:29 July
1428:29 July
1403:29 July
1378:29 July
1352:29 July
1322:29 July
1297:29 July
1271:29 July
1094:, ZUB,
1016:⁄
1001:Gauge:
834:ETCS L2
808:WrocĆaw
651:ETR 480
647:ETR 470
643:ETR 460
639:ETR 450
609:Italian
535:⁄
429:Record:
404:⁄
382:⁄
366:⁄
320:93 sets
135:scholar
3796:Diesel
3686:ETS 11
3481:AC 1â4
3347:Turkey
3337:Sweden
3327:Russia
3315:Poland
3310:Norway
3299:Latvia
3288:Greece
3278:France
3234:Europe
3212:Turkey
3200:Taiwan
3116:Mexico
3109:Canada
3102:Brazil
3064:Africa
2956:SJ X40
2952:X 2000
2947:SCB-40
2937:Re 460
2906:Regina
2829:CR200J
2825:Fuxing
2794:ACS-64
2714:Sapsan
2671:Fuxing
2584:Duplex
2580:RĂ©seau
2386:Maglev
2206:Spain
2079:Italy
1923:China
1620:Alstom
1530:5 July
1173:Alstom
1098:, and
1057:; 427
948:Venice
917:Alstom
913:Avelia
804:Warsaw
796:KrakĂłw
788:Warsaw
784:Gdynia
741:Astoro
681:Valais
624:plants
452:; 427
441:Weight
284:Alstom
137:
130:
123:
116:
108:
3560:E.624
3555:E.623
3332:Spain
3293:Italy
3178:Japan
3153:India
3140:China
3077:Egypt
2966:Sokol
2942:SC-44
2871:ICE L
2863:ICE T
2839:HHP-8
2834:ER200
2815:Hexie
2789:Acela
2752:E7/W7
2691:(ICx)
2649:Hexie
2567:AVRIL
2554:E5/H5
2550:N700S
2537:Oaris
2524:KTX-I
2519:ICE 3
2471:CRH2C
2467:Hexie
2294:Acela
2151:ED250
2045:ICE T
1053:(381
978:China
937:Milan
933:Italo
864:Renfe
826:ED250
794:from
607:" in
448:(381
392:Width
296:(ITA)
142:JSTOR
128:books
3518:42/S
3513:41/S
3465:E.60
3460:E.20
3455:E.15
3450:E.10
3445:E.10
3172:Iraq
3165:Iran
3132:Asia
2849:ICNG
2819:CRH6
2771:V250
2643:DJF2
2546:N700
2514:e320
2495:380D
2491:380C
2487:380B
2479:380A
1836:2018
1761:2015
1690:2009
1653:2009
1628:2009
1602:2020
1546:link
1532:2014
1506:2018
1481:2018
1456:2018
1430:2018
1405:2018
1380:2018
1354:2018
1324:2018
1299:2018
1273:2018
1248:2017
1092:SCMT
1080:HVAC
946:and
944:Rome
806:and
786:and
732:and
649:and
633:The
569:and
553:The
312:2008
114:news
3539:E.2
3534:E.1
2995:810
2991:807
2987:805
2983:803
2979:802
2975:801
2919:400
2915:100
2858:225
2844:IC4
2804:APT
2740:800
2736:700
2732:300
2709:130
2678:ICE
2592:2N2
2588:POS
2455:103
2451:102
1096:LZB
921:PKP
900:in
898:NTV
802:to
779:PKP
720:to
507:â
97:by
3875::
3010:X3
2993:,
2989:,
2985:,
2981:,
2977:,
2973:,
2954:,
2927:E4
2925:,
2923:E1
2921:,
2917:,
2913:,
2869:,
2867:TD
2865:,
2856:,
2821:,
2811:,
2764:,
2750:,
2748:E3
2746:,
2744:E2
2742:,
2738:,
2734:,
2730:,
2721:,
2707:,
2687:,
2683:,
2667:,
2663:,
2661:3A
2659:,
2655:,
2645:,
2641:,
2594:,
2590:,
2586:,
2582:,
2578:,
2574:,
2562:E8
2560:,
2558:E6
2556:,
2552:,
2548:,
2544:,
2530:,
2526:,
2512:;
2493:,
2489:,
2485:,
2481:/
2477:,
2475:3C
2473:,
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2417:,
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1538:{{
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542:)
493:â
491:DC
488:kV
486:3
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