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as fundamental to their civil and human rights", and in particular to combat gender-based violence, launched in
Kampala (Uganda) in 2000. The aim of the initiative is to put the principles enshrined in the final declarations of three world conferences, The World Conference on Human Rights (Vienna, 1993), the International Conference on Population and Development (Cairo, 1994), and the Fifth World Conference on Women (Beijing, 1995), highlighting the importance of women's sexual and reproductive health and rights, into practice in the daily lives of African women and girls by removing the fear of control or coercion based on their sexuality or reproductive potential.
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65:
significance of FC/FGM in Africa and suggesting legal, religious, social and political measures to combat the practice and the report "Intersections
Between Health and Human Rights: The Case of Female Genital Mutilation", based on the National Council on International Health (NCIH) international workshop attended by legal professionals, academics, social scientists, and activists.
114:
AMANITARE (African
Partnership for Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women and Girls) is a ten-year initiative (1999–2009) coordinated by RAINBO. It is a pan-African partnership seeking "to institutionalise recognition of African women’s and girls’ sexual and reproductive health and rights
73:
In 1998 Nahid Toubia and Susan Izett of RAINBO were responsible for producing the World Health
Organisation's "Female Genital Mutilation: an overview", a comprehensive review of the prevalence, epidemiology and health consequences of FC/FGM, suggesting an agenda for research and "technically sound
105:
RAINBO emphasises
African leadership in its work and the use of culturally sensitive terminology. Nahid Toubia has criticised the West's "sensationalisation" of a practice she strongly opposes on the grounds that it reinforces a view of Arabs, Muslims and Africans as "primitive" and provokes a
64:
The RAINBO played a prominent role in changing the view of female circumcision/female genital mutilation from being a predominantly medical concern to a human rights issue. In 1995 RAINBO published Nahid Toubia's "Female
Genital Mutilation: A Call for Global Action", discussing the cultural
806:
93:"Learning About Social Change: A Research and Evaluation Guidebook Using FC/FGM as a Case Study (Susan Izett and Nahid Toubia), using FC/FGM as a case study of research and evaluation aimed at understanding and effecting social change.
82:"Caring for Women with Circumcision: A Technical Manual for Health Care Providers" (Nahid Toubia), on managing the physical complications of FC/FGM, understanding the social and cultural significance of the practice and providing
344:
quoted in
Symposium: Health Care and the Constitution "MALE AND FEMALE GENITAL ALTERATION: A COLLISION COURSE WITH THE LAW?" by Dena S. Davis, HEALTH MATRIX: JOURNAL OF LAW-MEDICINE, Volume 11: Pages 487-570, Summer
1007:
955:
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In 1999 the
African Immigrant Program at RAINBO published three pamphlets for the African immigrant and refugee communities and the social workers and health care providers working with those communities:
122:, when NGOs, women's groups, youth organisations, activists, artists and government representatives join to celebrate advances in African Women's sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR).
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Africa: "Violence
Against Women Violates Human Rights", Statement in support of 16 days of Activism Against Violence Against Women, Pambazuka News, 27 November 2003
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61:, Sudan's first female surgeon. The organisation has offices in New York City and London and works in Uganda, South Africa, The Gambia, and Nigeria.
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144:"Internet-Based Resources on Female Genital Mutilation" by Tobe Levin, Office of University of Wisconsin System Women's Studies Librarian
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415:"PROFILE - AMANITARE and African Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights" by Jessica Horn, Feminist Africa, Issue 13 - 2009
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96:"FC/FGM Full Color Quick Reference Chart", a chart illustrating the commonest types of FC/FGM and defibulation.
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Learning about social change: A research and evaluation guidebook using female circumcision as a case study
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policies and approaches" for use by government agencies and NGOs working to eliminate the practice.
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Amanitare
African Partnership for Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women and Girls
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159:"Nahid Toubia" by Priya Shetty, The Lancet, Volume 369, Issue 9564, Page 819, 10 March 2007
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Inter-African Committee on Traditional Practices Affecting the Health of Women and Children
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RAINBO was founded in 1994 by a group of African immigrants to the United States including
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311:. RAINBO (Research, Action, and Information Network for the Bodily Integrity of Women).
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261:. Research, Action and Information Network for the Bodily Integrity of Women (RAINBO).
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Links and Partners page, Isis - Women's International Cross-Cultural Exchange website
286:. RAINBO (Research, Action & Information Network for Bodily Integrity of Women).
182:. Research, Action & Information Network For Bodily Integrity Of Women (RAINBO).
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Intersections Between Health and Human Rights: The Case of Female Genital Mutilation
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This article is about the non-governmental organisation. For the musical act, see
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Caring for Women with Circumcision: A Technical Manual for Health Care Providers
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41:) is an international non-governmental organisation working to eliminate
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Research Action and Information Network for the Bodily Integrity of Women
24:
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Children Act 1989 (Amendment) (Female Genital Mutilation) Act 2019
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Toubia, Nahid; Izett, Susan; Organization, World Health (1998).
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Female genital mutilation: A full color quick reference chart
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Kirberger, Elizabeth; Randolph, Kate; Toubia, Nahid (1995).
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reaction of over-sensitivity in the communities concerned.
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Medical and health organizations based in New York (state)
90:, Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services)
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Babiker Bedri Scientific Association for Women's Studies
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AMANITARE established 4 February as the continent-wide
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Female Genital Mutilation: A Call for Global Action
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23:. For the meteorological phenomenon, see
391:About Amanitare page, Amanitare website
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357:Women Living Under Muslim Laws website
230:Female Genital Mutilation: An Overview
120:African Women's Health and Rights Day
7:
998:International women's organizations
946:Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003
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1:
232:. World Health Organization.
166:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60394-8
53:Foundation and initial impact
16:Non-governmental organisation
1003:Women's rights organizations
871:Possessing the Secret of Joy
532:Pelvic inflammatory disease
393:, accessed 28 February 2011
381:, accessed 28 February 2011
366:, accessed 28 February 2011
282:Izett, Susan (1999-01-01).
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645:Raqiya Haji Dualeh Abdalla
424:, accessed 30 January 2011
405:, accessed 30 January 2011
334:, accessed 30 January 2011
168:, accessed 30 January 2011
146:, accessed 30 January 2011
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1013:Female genital mutilation
972:Female genital mutilation
695:Lilian Passmore Sanderson
483:Female genital mutilation
86:counselling (foreword by
47:female genital mutilation
347:accessed 30 January 2011
69:Significant publications
863:Woman, Why Do You Weep?
822:Tahirih Justice Center
700:Marion Scott Stevenson
620:Religious views on FGM
307:Toubia, Nahid (1999).
253:Toubia, Nahid (1999).
178:Toubia, Nahid (1995).
558:Prevalence by country
542:Vesicovaginal fistula
537:Rectovaginal fistula
110:AMANITARE initiative
84:culturally sensitive
951:2005 (Scotland) Act
855:Woman at Point Zero
675:Rose Oldfield Hayes
43:female circumcision
37:, also stylized as
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420:2011-02-21 at the
362:2011-03-03 at the
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766:Layli Miller-Muro
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318:978-1-893136-02-1
293:978-1-893136-03-8
268:978-1-893136-01-4
239:978-92-4-156191-4
214:978-1-893136-05-2
189:978-1-893136-04-5
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741:Waris Dirie
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965:Categories
551:By country
207:. RAINBO.
126:References
655:Mary Daly
583:Kurdistan
898:Moolaadé
418:Archived
360:Archived
101:Approach
802:FORWARD
593:Nigeria
25:Rainbow
917:(2015)
909:(2009)
901:(2004)
882:(1998)
874:(1992)
866:(1982)
858:(1975)
817:Tostan
812:RAINBO
785:Groups
724:Others
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39:RAINB♀
35:RAINBO
890:Films
847:Books
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603:Sudan
573:India
345:2001
313:ISBN
288:ISBN
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45:and
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