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173:), the son of Thomas, a merchant, and Rachel Eccles. He may have studied medicine at Edinburgh. He joined the Bengal Engineers as an ensign in 1764. He became a lieutenant a year later, a captain on 3 April 1768, major on 29 May 1780, and lieutenant-colonel by 7 December 1782. He was then made a Secretary to the Military Department of Inspection in Bengal and continued in that post until his death.
208:. The plan was approved on 31 July 1787 and Kyd was made an honorary superintendent. Kyd had proposed that the botanical garden would help in introduction of economically important plants and help the East India Company "outstrip our rivals in every valuable production which nature has confined to this part of the globe". By 1790 Kyd had 4000 plants in the garden and when the botanist
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former master, in alienating him from his tribe (understood
Rajpoot), converting him to Christianity, and secluding him from all future connection with his family, the monthly sum of six rupees during his life; to both on condition of their continuing to serve Major Alexander Kyd during his residence in India..."
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He also left behind specific payments to be made to his native servants "Rajemahl Missah ... in retribution for the unsuitable education given to him, entailing separation from his native soil and kindred. To the other native known by the name of George, in reparation of the injury dune him by his
266:, later Lieutenant General and Surveyor General of Bengal, was a first cousin once removed of Robert (Thomas Kyd was brother of George Kyd, grandfather of Alexander Kyd) and was the father of
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visited in 1848, he noted that it had "contributed more useful and ornamental tropical plants to the public and private gardens of the world than any other establishment before or since".
200:. His idea was that it should help in finding alternate sources of food to prevent famines and to identify plants that might be commercially useful. The plants he mentioned included the
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Kyd was interested in horticulture and owned a private garden in
Shalimar near Howrah. He proposed the idea of a botanic garden to the then Governor-General
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Kyd made a request in his will that he be buried without any religious ceremony in the botanical garden that he founded, but was instead interred in
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446:
Thomas, A. P. (2006). "The establishment of
Calcutta Botanic Garden: plant transfer, science and the East India Company, 1786–1806".
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270:(1786-1836) and his brother Robert (d. 1825), who became shipbuilders, also an Alexander Kyd. Kyd street and the locality
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353:"The relationships between the Indian botanic garden, Howrah and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in economic botany"
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derive their names from this family. James Kyd became
Company Master Builder after the retirement of A. Waddell.
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A beautiful urn sculpted by a Mr Banks has been placed as a memorial in the botanical garden that he founded.
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Sharma, Jayeeta (2006). "British science, Chinese skill and Assam tea: Making empire's garden".
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526:. London: W. M. Thacker & Co, London & St Andrews Library, Calcutta. p. 99.
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499:"A short account of Colonel Kyd, the founder of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta"
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Little is known of Kyd's early life. He was born in
Scotland at Forfarshire (now
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Acharya
Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden
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581:. Calcutta: W. Thacker and Co. pp. 161–165.
314:Desmond, Ray (2004). "Kyd, Robert (1746–1793)".
595:The good old days of the Honorable John Company
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543:Annals of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta
503:Annals of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta
324:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
562:The European Discovery of the Indian Flora
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379:Indian Economic and Social History Review
296:. Calcutta: W Thacker and Co. p. 99.
642:Military personnel from Angus, Scotland
321:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
316:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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598:. Calcutta: Quins Book Co. p. 64.
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652:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
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487:. London: John Murray. pp. 3–4.
448:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
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564:. Oxford University Press, Delhi.
662:British people in colonial India
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637:18th-century Scottish botanists
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575:Blechynden, Kathleen (1905).
612:Biography of Kyd at RBG, Kew
484:Himalayan Journals. volume 1
338:UK public library membership
204:from Malaya and the Persian
421:Archives of Natural History
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391:10.1177/001946460604300402
245:South Park Street Cemetery
82:South Park Street Cemetery
647:Bengal Engineers officers
578:Calcutta past and present
460:10.1017/s1356186306005992
433:10.3366/E0260954108000144
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412:Axelby, Richard (2008).
290:Holmes and Co. (1851).
231:was named after him by
520:Holmes and Co (1851).
360:Bull. Bot. Surv. India
330:10.1093/ref:odnb/15814
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657:British Army officers
560:Desmond, Ray (1992).
351:Hastings, RB (1986).
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116:Years of service
537:George King (1893).
180:Kyd memorial urn by
523:The Bengal Obituary
481:Hooker, JD (1854).
293:The Bengal Obituary
194:Sir John Macpherson
592:Carey, WH (1882).
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153:. He founded the
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43:Forfarshire
621:Categories
385:(4): 429.
340:required.)
278:References
272:Kidderpore
147:Robert Kyd
89:Allegiance
22:Robert Kyd
539:"Preface"
468:163003756
399:154354876
268:James Kyd
239:Interment
229:Malvaceae
202:sago palm
161:in 1787.
119:1764-1793
215:A genus
159:Calcutta
104:Service/
63:Calcutta
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549:: i–xi.
144:Colonel
128:Colonel
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262:Major
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77:Buried
464:S2CID
417:(PDF)
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218:Kydia
171:Angus
151:India
206:date
134:Unit
124:Rank
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