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735:, which was published in 1877 and in which he included in the initial draft of the Rule for the Salesian Order. It espoused the values of reason, religion, and loving kindness with a goal of producing "good Christians and honest citizens". That was one type of Bosco's systematic exposition of his educational system. His preferred way to explain his educational approach was through educational novels and narrative pedagogy. Though some of the ideas were not innovative, Bosco having drawn the inspiration for his system through the contemporary criticisms of the punitive and outdated educational systems prevalent in Europe during his time, and he was one of the first to combat it and to put his criticisms into practice.
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the employer, the apprentice, and Don Bosco. In those contracts, Don Bosco touched on many sensitive issues. Some employers customarily made servants and scullery boys of the apprentices. Don Bosco obliged them to agree to employ the boys only in their acknowledged trade. Employers used to beat the boys, and Don Bosco required them to agree that corrections be made only verbally. He cared for their health and demanded that they be given rest on feast days and an annual holiday. Despite all the efforts and contracts, the situation of the apprentices of the time remained difficult.
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Cavour, the chief of police in Turin, regarded the open-air catechisms as overtly political and a threat to the state and was highly suspicious of Bosco's support for the powers of the papacy. Bosco was interrogated on several occasions; no charges were made. Closure may have been prevented by orders from the king that Bosco was not to be disturbed. Several attempts were also made on Bosco's life, including a near-stabbing, bludgeoning, and a shooting. Early biographers put that down to the growing influence of the
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Twice, he tried to provide lodgings in his house. The first time, they stole the blankets; the second, time, they emptied the hayloft. He did not give up, and in May 1847, he gave shelter to a young boy from
Valencia in one of the three rooms he was renting in the slums of Valdocco, where he was living with his mother. He and his mother began taking in orphans. The boys sheltered by Don Bosco numbered 36 in 1852, 115 in 1854, 470 in 1860, and 600 in 1861, reaching a maximum of 800 sometime later.
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would play an influential role in his outlook and work. This first dream "left a profound impression on him for the rest of his life" according to his memoirs. Bosco apparently saw a multitude of very poor boys playing and blaspheming, and a man, who "appeared, nobly attired, with a manly and imposing bearing", and said to him, "You will have to win these friends of yours not with blows, but with gentleness and kindness. So begin right now to show them that sin is ugly and virtue beautiful."
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families lived in the slums of the city and had come from the countryside in search of a better life. During his studies, Bosco accompanied
Cafasso in visiting the prisons and became concerned regarding the recidivism of young offenders. He began to work with orphaned and abandoned boys, teaching them catechism and helping them find work. Upon completion of his studies, Cafasso secured for Bosco an appointment as almoner of the Rifugio (Refuge), a girls' boarding school founded in
1428:
382:, Bosco established the Association of Mary Help of Christians (ADMA) connecting it with commitments easily fulfilled by most common people, to the spirituality and the mission of the Salesian Congregation (CG 24 SDB, 1996, NR. 80). The ADMA was founded to promote the veneration of the Most Holy Sacrament and Mary Help of Christians (Don Bosco, Association of the Devotees of Mary Help of Christians, San Benigno Canavese, 1890, page 33).
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663:, and a study of its people convinced him that the country and its inhabitants were the ones that he had seen in his dream. In late 1874, Bosco received letters from the Argentine consul at Savona requesting that he accept an Italian parish in Buenos Aires and a school for boys at San Nicolas de Los Arroyos.
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In 1859, Bosco selected the experienced priest
Vittorio Alasonatti, 15 seminarians, and one high school boy and formed them into the Society of St. Francis de Sales. That was the nucleus of the Salesians, the religious order that would carry on his work. When the group had its next meeting, it voted
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Some of the boys helped by Don Bosco decided to do what he was doing: working in the service of abandoned boys. That was the origin of the
Salesian Congregation. Among the first members were Michael Rua, John Cagliero (who later became a Cardinal), and John Baptist Francesca. In 1857 Bosco drew up a
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Bosco, when he was ten years old started watching his classmates' attitudes, and in every fight was the referee. The older boys were scared of him because he knew their strengths and their weaknesses. When travelling entertainers performed at a local feast in the nearby hills, he watched and studied
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When Bosco was little more than two years old, his father died, which left the support of three boys to his mother. She played a strong role in Bosco's formation and personality, and was an early supporter of her son's ideals. In 1825, when he was nine, Bosco had the first of a series of dreams that
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and admonished him to oppose the confiscation of church property and suppression of the orders; the King failed to respond. His actions, which had been described by the
Italian historian Roberto Petoia as having "manifest blackmailing intentions", ended only after the intervention of the then prime
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legislature to suppress religious orders, he advised Bosco on how to get around the law. He found a religious order to keep the oratory going after its founder's death. Bosco had been thinking about that problem too and had been slowly organizing his helpers into a loose
Congregation of St. Francis
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In the archives of the
Salesian Congregation is a contract of apprenticeship, dated November 1851; another one on stamped paper costing 40 cents, dated 8 February 1852; and others have later dates. They are among the first contracts of apprenticeship to be found in Turin. All of them are signed by
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Bosco and his oratory moved around town for several years; he was turned out of several places in succession. After only two months based in the church of St. Martin, the entire neighbourhood expressed its annoyance with the noise coming from the boys at play. A formal complaint was lodged against
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the jugglers' tricks and the acrobats' secrets. He would then put on shows of his skills as a juggler, magician, and acrobat, with prayers before and after the performance. The money that he needed to prepare the shows was taken from selling the birds that he hunted and given to him by his mother.
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Opposition to Bosco and his work came from various quarters. Traditionalist clergy accused him of stealing the young and old people away from their own parishes. Nationalist politicians, including some clergy, saw his several hundred young men as a recruiting ground for revolution. The
Marquis de
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On a cold morning in
February 1827, John left his home and went to look for work as a farm servant. At 12, he found life at home unbearable because of the continuous quarrels with Antonio. Having to face life by himself at such a young age may have developed his later sympathies to help abandoned
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had indicated that he would be glad to receive the
Salesians. In a ceremony held on 29 January 1875, Bosco was able to convey the great news to the oratory. On 5 February, he announced the fact in a circular letter to all Salesians asking volunteers to apply in writing. He proposed for the first
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The Oratorio was not simply a charitable institution, and its activities were not limited to Sundays. For Don Bosco, it became his permanent occupation. He looked for jobs for the unemployed. Some of the boys did not have sleeping quarters and slept under bridges or in bleak public dormitories.
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Because of population growth and migration to the city, Bosco found the traditional methods of parish ministry to be inefficient. He decided that it was necessary to try another form of apostolate, and he began to meet the boys where they worked and gathered in shops and marketplaces. They were
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After ordination, Bosco went to Turin, where Cafasso headed the Institute of Saint Francis of Assisi, which provided higher education for the diocesan priests. Turin then had a population of 117,000 inhabitants. The city reflected the effects of industrialization and urbanization. Numerous poor
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In the years that Bosco had spent running his oratory and giving spiritual and practical instruction to the boys he had housed there, he relied on a different approach to education and general instruction, which he believed to be superior to traditional educational methods, such as
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of Catholic publishers in 1949. His repertoire of writings and publications consists of over 220 titles collected in 38 volumes. They were printed at his own peerless paper-to-print workshop, where boys learned the art of printing and publishing in view of future employment.
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Saint Bosco died on 31 January 1888. His funeral was attended by thousands. The Archdiocese of Turin investigated, and witnesses were called to determine if Bosco was worthy to be declared a saint. The Salesians, Daughters, and Cooperators gave supportive testimonies.
457:. Being a priest was then more commonly a profession for the privileged classes than for farmers. Some biographers portray his older brother, Antonio, as the main obstacle for Bosco's ambition to study, as Antonio protested that John was just "a farmer like us!"
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When Bosco founded the Salesian Society, the thought of the missions still obsessed him but completely lacked the financial means. For three years he collected information about different countries. A request from Argentina turned him towards the Indians of
426:(1788–1856). He had two older brothers, Antonio and Giuseppe (1813–1862). The Boscos of Becchi were farmhands of the Moglian Family. He was born in a time of great shortage and famine in the Piedmontese countryside, following the devastation wrought by the
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societies that were initiated as collaborative financial support to young migrant Catholic workers in the city of Turin. In 1850, he drew up regulations to assist apprentices and their companions when any of them was involuntarily without work or fell ill.
712:, which he labelled as a repressive system of education. On 12 March 1877, Bosco gave an opening address on the systems of education during the day for the opening of the St. Peter's Youth Center in the new quarters of the Patronage de Saint Pierre in
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was about to pass a law suppressing monastic orders and confiscating ecclesiastical properties, Bosco reported a series of dreams about "great funerals at court" that referred to politicians or members of the Savoy court.
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them with the municipality. Rumours also circulated that the meetings conducted by the priest with his boys were dangerous; their recreation could be turned into a revolution against the government. The group was evicted.
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2524:, Bosco would later become a priest when he started the work. It has since spread worldwide through the religious congregation that he founded: the Salesians of Don Bosco. He has also been declared a saint and their
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that would not expose his missionaries to wild, uncivilized tribes, he proposed setting up bases in safe locations at which missionary efforts were to be launched. Negotiations started after Archbishop Aneiros of
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boys. After begging unsuccessfully for work, he ended up at the wine farm of Louis Moglia. Although he could pursue some studies by himself, he was not able to attend school for two more years. In 1830, he met
2387:"The Salesian Preventive System of St. John Bosco (Don Bosco) (Educational Philosophy of Don Bosco - Don Bosco's Way, Style, Approach, Method, System, etc.... of Educating and Accompanying Young People Today)"
465:, a young priest who identified some natural talent and supported his first schooling. Bosco's mother, Margherita, managed to earn enough money to finance his education. In 1835, Bosco entered the seminary at
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and was noted by scholars for its cultural importance on the knowledge base of ancient to modern civilization. He was also a skilled biographer. His two most well-known biographies were on his mentor,
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who "was impressed by John’s memory and understanding of the sermons he had heard at a parish mission in a nearby Church." His childhood experiences are thought to have inspired him to become a
555:
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de Sales. He was also training select older boys for the priesthood. Another supporter of the idea of establishing a religious order to carry out Bosco's vision was the reigning pope,
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John Bosco was born on the evening of 16 August 1815 in the hillside hamlet of Becchi, Italy. Becchi is located in a region that was called Castelnuovo d'Asti, which was later renamed
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on the admission of Joseph Rossi as a lay member, the first Salesian brother. The Salesian Congregation was divided into priests, seminarians, and coadjutors (the lay brothers).
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639:, who were mostly lay people who would work for young people like the Daughters and the Salesians but would not join a religious order. The first Salesians departed for
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647:, had not opposed the idea. Bosco nevertheless eagerly read the Italian edition of the Annals of the Propagation of the Faith and used this magazine to illustrate his
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venerate Bosco by offering free magic shows to underprivileged children on his feast day. Bosco's work was carried on by an early pupil, collaborator, and companion,
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1930:
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179:
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has remained in continuous publication, and is currently published in 50 different editions and 30 languages. In 1876, he founded a movement of laity, the
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362:, now commonly known as the Salesian Sisters of Don Bosco, a religious congregation of nuns dedicated to the care and education of poor girls. He taught
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are named after him, in countries as diverse as Australia, India, the Philippines, Pakistan, Lebanon and the United States. Several institutions in
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set of rules for his helpers. This rule was approved definitively in 1873 by Pope Pius IX as the Rule of the Society of Saint Francis de Sales.
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Poverty prevented any serious attempt at schooling. His early years were spent as a shepherd, and he received his first instruction from
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Bosco on 2 June 1929 and canonised him on Easter Sunday (1 April) 1934, when he was given the title of "Father and Teacher of Youth".
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399:, with the same educational mission to the poor. Bosco established a network of organizations and centres to carry on his work.
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631:. In 1871, he founded a group of religious sisters to do for girls what the Salesians were doing for boys. They were called the
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A Compendium of Italian History from the Fall of the Roman Empire, Tr. and Completed to the Present Time by J.D. Morell
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595:(aged 32), their newborn son Vittorio Emanuele, Count of Genoa (nearly four months old), and his only brother,
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Giulia di Barolo, so that he could remain in Turin. His other ministries included visiting prisoners, teaching
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587:. The king's family suffered several deaths in a short period. From January to May 1855, the king's mother
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pavers, stonecutters, masons, and plasterers who had come from far away, as he recalled in his brief
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Bosco disliked the ideals that had been exported by Revolutionary France, as part of the process of
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a priest on the eve of Trinity Sunday by Archbishop Franzoni of Turin. He was twenty-six years old.
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Memoirs of the Oratory of Saint Francis de Sales 1815 – 1855: The autobiography of Saint John Bosco
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Memoirs of the Oratory of Saint Francis de Sales 1815 – 1855: The autobiography of Saint John Bosco
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Though Bosco's written works were little known outside of his own order and the subscribers of his
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Bosco, Giovanni Melchor (1877). "Regolamento per le case della Società di S. Francesco di Sales".
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in his politics but saw some value in Bosco's work. While Rattazzi was pushing a bill through the
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Lemoyne, Giovanni Battista; Amadei, Angelo; Ceria, Eugenio (1965–1988). Borgatello, Diego (ed.).
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Lettera Decretale di Sua Santità Pio Xi "Geminata Laetitia" che Proclama Santo Don Giovanni Bosco
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1810:"St. John Bosco - Patron Saint of Young People and Editors / Publishers | Christian Apostles.com"
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1257:: As Don Bosco lay dying, all begged to see him and kiss his hand for the last time, image from
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Bosco regarded it as a sign of Providence and started to prepare a mission. Adopting a way of
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in 1875. After his ordination, Bosco himself would have become a missionary if his director,
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lasted from 1817 to 1819. See The Majesty of Charleston by Peter Beney, p.64, 2005 edition.
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Eugene Ceria SDB; Lawrence Castelvecchi SDB; Michael Mendl SDB, eds. (6 December 2007).
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Eugene Ceria SDB; Lawrence Castelvecchi SDB; Michael Mendl SDB, eds. (6 December 2007).
1786:. Salesians of Don Bosco, Province of Mary Help of Christians, Melbourne. Archived from
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Bosco had been popularly known as the patron saint of illusionists. On 30 January 2002,
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view of politics that acknowledged the supreme authority of the pope. In 1854, when the
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Encyclopedia of Catholic Social Thought, Social Science, and Social Policy Supplement
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1179:(critical edition published in 1977, originally published as a dream journal in 1855)
879:“Lives of the Sovereign Pontiffs Anicetus, Soter, Eleutherus, Victor, and Zephirinus”
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19 volumes: Vols. 1–9 by Lemoyne); 10 (1939, by Amadei); 11–19 (1930–1939, by Ceria
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2230:(in Italian). Vol. 37 (19600 ed.). Rome: Editrice LAS. 1976. p. 496.
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in honour of the saint. He was the youngest son of Francesco Bosco (1784–1817) and
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1705:. Vol. IV. New Rochelle, New York: Salesiana Publishers. pp. 52–56.
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Petoia, Erberto (June 2007). "I sinistri presage di Don Giovanni Bosco".
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Daughters of Mary Help of Christians Siu Ming Catholic Secondary School
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868:“Lives of the Sovereign Pontiffs Anacletus, Evaristus, and Alexander I”
628:
293:; 16 August 1815 – 31 January 1888), popularly known as
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2375:"Associazione Cooperatori Salesiani", Pontifical Council for the Laity
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missionary departure to start in October. There were many volunteers.
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Bosco's sainthood cause was opened after his death, and following his
2722:
Coulter, Michael L.; Myers, Richard S.; Varacalli, Joseph A. (2012).
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1265:: Don Bosco's relic in the Saint Stephen's Basilica in Budapest, 2013
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2613:"EXPO' 84 and Don Bosco's peerless-to- paper-to-print presentation"
802:“Historical Notes on the Miracle of the Blessed Sacrament at Turin”
731:, Bosco wrote down the address as a polished essay under the title
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Depiction of Bosco as a little preacher repeating the Sunday Sermon
1717:"ADMA - Association Mary Help of Christians, Torino-Valdocco | 16"
1450:
916:“The Pontificate of St. Sixtus II and the Glories of St. Laurence”
905:“The Persecution of Decius and the Pontificate of St. Cornelius I”
871:“Lives of the Sovereign Pontiffs Sixtus, Telesphorus, and Hyginus”
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312:
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priest, educator and writer of the 19th century. While working in
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1540:"Saint John Bosco | Biography & Facts | Britannica"
1189:
A Compendium of Italian History from the Fall of the Roman Empire
750:
A Compendium of Italian History from the Fall of the Roman Empire
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1875:. Salesian Society of Don Bosco. 8 February 1995. Archived from
913:“Lives of the Sovereign Pontiffs St. Lucian I and St. Stephen I”
713:
250:
27:
19th-century Italian Roman Catholic priest, educator, and writer
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2239:
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1204:(written between 1815 and 1855, published posthumously in 1989)
350:. He later dedicated his works to de Sales when he founded the
902:“Lives of the Sovereign Pontiffs Pontian, Anteros, and Fabian”
2623:(1). Institute of Salesian Studies Berkeley California: 87–98
2362:"MARIA DOMENICA Mazzarello, santa in "Dizionario Biografico""
2284:. Translated by Daniel Lyons SDB. p. 802. Archived from
2250:. Vol. 12 (2 ed.). pp. 321–348. Archived from
2017:"www.salesians.org.uk/uploads/footprintsvocationdonbosco.pdf"
2839:(Indian ed.). Guwahati, India: Don Bosco Publications.
2431:. Rome – Bangalore: LAS – Kristu Jyoti. pp. 1119–1479.
2151:
2149:
1312:, who was appointed rector major of the Salesian Society by
865:“Lives of the Sovereign Pontiffs Linus, Cletus, and Clement”
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Following are Bosco's works in roughly chronological order.
723:
Bosco (sitting at right) during a visit to Barcelona in 1886
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One influential friend was the Piedmontese justice minister
366:, of whom he wrote a biography that helped the young boy be
2479:
Nanni, Carlo (2003). "Il Sistema Preventivo di Don Bosco".
1053:“Nine Days Consecrated to the august Mother of Our Saviour”
323:, he dedicated his life to the betterment and education of
315:, where the population suffered many of the ill effects of
2228:
Giovanni Bosco: 'Storia ecclesiastica ad uso delle scuole'
1493:
Statue at the Diocesan Shrine of Mary Help of Christians,
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in which he first mentioned the term "Preventive System".
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2762:
on the occasion of the Beatification of Father John Bosco
1039:“Association of the Devotees of Mary, Help of Christians”
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dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
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On 18 April 1869, one year after the construction of the
1509:
Statue at Catedral São João Batista (Rio do Sul), Brazil
1083:“Massimino, or the Encounter of a Boy with a Protestant”
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Province of St.Joseph, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA
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Mendl, Michael (2004). "The Dreams of St. John Bosco".
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2035:
1902:
1859:
1834:
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752:, which was translated and continued to the present by
2587:"San Giovanni Bosco – Opere Edite. Elenco cronologico"
2213:
The Life of Don Bosco: Founder of the Salesian Society
2110:, (Lady Martin, trans.) Burns & Oates, 1899, p. 25
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had known Bosco and pushed the cause forward. Pius XI
1045:“Angelina, or the Little Orphan Girl of the Apennines”
808:“A Dispute Between a Lawyer and a Protestant Minister”
3682:
2945:
Don Bosco e i Salesiani: Centocinquant'anni di storia
2631:– via Salesian OnLine Resources, 13 April 2020.
1635:
566:"two vicious leaders of incredulity". He favoured an
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Institute of the Daughters of Mary Help of Christians
2648:. Zenit News Agency. 29 January 2002. Archived from
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Now hosts an exhibition dedicated to the John Bosco.
1369:. Bosco was also the subject of two Italian movies:
1064:“The Apparition of the Blessed Virgin at La Salette”
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1600:"Catholic Encyclopedia: St. John Bosco (Don Bosco)"
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The Preventive System in the Education of the Youth
966:“The Pontificates of SS. Marcellinus and Marcellus”
944:“The Pontificates of St. Felix I and St. Eutychian”
820:“The Six Sundays in Honour of St. Aloysius Gonzaga”
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The Preventive System in the Education of the Youth
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144:
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110:
83:
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2872:. New Rochelle, New York: Don Bosco Publications.
882:“The Month of May, Consecrated to Mary Immaculate”
2939:. New Rochelle, New York: Don Bosco Publications.
2803:. New Rochelle, New York: Don Bosco Publications.
2001:. Translated by Daniel Lyons, SDB. Archived from
1300:to declare Bosco formally to the patron of stage
1019:“Severino, or the adventures of a Young alpinist”
817:“A Collection of Strange Contemporary Happenings”
338:A follower of the spirituality and philosophy of
3537:Saint Francis Central Coast Catholic High School
2920:. New Rochelle, New York: Salesiana Publishers.
2730:. Vol. 3. Scarecrow Press. pp. 36–38.
2646:"Magicians Want Don Bosco Declared Their Patron"
2542:. Our Lady of the Rosary Library. Archived from
1202:Memoirs of the Oratory of Saint Francis de Sales
30:"Don Bosco" redirects here. For other uses, see
3632:St. Mary's Anglo-Indian Higher Secondary School
3627:St. Anthony's Higher Secondary School, Shillong
1222:(compiled by Mario Balbi and published in 2005)
1110:“The Loveliest Flower of the Apostolic College”
1042:“The General Councils and the Catholic Church”
811:“Notes on the Life of the Youth Luigi Comollo”
578:In November 1854, Bosco sent a letter to King
3447:Don Bosco High & Technical School, Liluah
3089:
2918:Don Bosco: Religious Outlook and Spirituality
1946:"Magician priest wants patron saint of magic"
1562:
1560:
955:“Historical Notes on BI. Catherine De-Mattei”
947:“The New Charm of an Old Soldier of Napoleon”
635:. In 1874, he founded yet another group, the
8:
2454:"The "Preventive System": Walking Alongside"
2327:Don Bosco: A Sketch of His Life and Miracles
2140:Don Bosco: A Sketch of His Life and Miracles
1214:Dreams, Visions, and Prophecies of Don Bosco
506:, and helping out at many country parishes.
473:. In 1841, after six years of study, he was
380:Basilica of Mary Help of Christians in Turin
3358:Congregation of Saint Michael the Archangel
3001:"Saint John Bosco: Modern Apostle of Youth"
2910:. Rome: Editrice Libreria Ateneo Salesiano.
2494:Bosco, Giovanni Melchor (22 October 2018).
888:“Life of the Sovereign Pontiff Callistus I”
831:“An Easy Method of Learning Sacred History”
764:, which would later be instrumental in his
3786:Founders of Catholic religious communities
3467:Don Bosco Higher Secondary School, Dimapur
3391:Sexual abuse scandal in the Salesian order
3238:
3096:
3082:
3074:
3038:
2891:. Turin: Società Editrice Internazionale.
2862:Publications of the Salesians of Don Bosco
2793:Publications of the Salesians of Don Bosco
2707:(5 ed.). Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
2611:Cerrato, Natale; Ribotta, Michael (1993).
2429:Salesian Sources 1: Don Bosco and his work
1929:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1208:The Spiritual Writings of Saint John Bosco
65:
42:
2969:"Salesians of Don Bosco Official Website"
2947:. Turin: Società Editrice Internazionale.
2810:Memorie Biografiche di San Giovanni Bosco
2785:for the canonization of Father John Bosco
1355:Bosco was the subject of the 1935 biopic
1075:“The Centenary of St. Eusebius the Great”
1067:“Pleasing Facts From the Life of Pius IX”
627:and a group of girls in the hill town of
3517:Don Bosco Technical Institute, Victorias
3502:Don Bosco Technical High School (Boston)
3408:St. Mary's English High School, Maligaon
2640:
2638:
2051:. Salesians of Australia. Archived from
1676:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1304:. Catholic stage magicians who practice
1147:Synoptic tablet (on the Catholic Church)
1005:“The Centenary of St. Peter the apostle”
692:
484:
436:
3689:
3330:Basilica of Our Lady Help of Christians
2993:"Founder Statue in St Peter's Basilica"
2837:The Educational Philosophy of Don Bosco
2210:Villefranche, Jacques-Melchior (1898).
2119:
2117:
1531:
1411:
1036:“The Catholic Church and Its Hierarchy”
899:“Life of the Sovereign Pontiff Urban I”
180:Basilica of Our Lady Help of Christians
3005:Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary
2801:Biographical Memoirs of St. John Bosco
2686:. Tunbridge Wells: Burns & Oates.
2427:Salesian Historical Institute (2017).
2313:
1922:
1703:Biographical Memoirs of St. John Bosco
1688:
1521:Statue in Lutomiersk Monastery, Poland
1465:Monument in Funes, Santa Fe, Argentina
989:“Life of Bl. Mary of the Angels, C.S.”
3647:The Salesian Academy of St John Bosco
3512:Don Bosco Technical Institute, Tarlac
3507:Don Bosco Technical Institute, Makati
2787:] (in Italian), Vatican: Holy See
2074:Lemoyne, Amadei & Ceria 1965–1988
2036:Lemoyne, Amadei & Ceria 1965–1988
1903:Lemoyne, Amadei & Ceria 1965–1988
1860:Lemoyne, Amadei & Ceria 1965–1988
1835:Lemoyne, Amadei & Ceria 1965–1988
1746:Lemoyne, Amadei & Ceria 1965–1988
1624:Lemoyne, Amadei & Ceria 1965–1988
930:“Biographical Note on Michael Magone”
837:“Life of St. Martin, Bishop of Tours”
342:, Bosco was an ardent devotee of the
302:
7:
3527:Don Bosco Technical School, Shillong
3173:(Co-founder of the Salesian Sisters)
3013:"Development office of the Salesian"
2916:Stella, Pietro; Drury, John (1996).
2216:. Burns & Oates. pp. 15–16.
2095:"Saint John Bosco", Franciscan Media
1762:"The Salesian Bulletin in the World"
1141:, a politico-religious paper (1849)
969:“Episodes Pleasant and Contemporary”
633:Daughters of Mary Help of Christians
611:Foundation of Salesians of Don Bosco
385:In 1875, Bosco began to publish the
3637:St. Petersburg Catholic High School
3622:St Joseph's College, Ferntree Gully
3060:18 December 1859 - 31 January 1888
2340:"Bl. Michael Rua (Beatified: 1972)"
2076:, Volume I, Chapter 24, pp. 159–163
2038:, Volume I, Chapter 22, pp. 142–152
1636:Coulter, Myers & Varacalli 2012
997:“Valentine or the Opposed Vocation”
780:Essays published in the volumes of
471:Church of the Immacolata Concezione
397:Association of Salesian Cooperators
3587:Salesian High School (South Korea)
3577:Salesian High School (Los Angeles)
1970:. 14 November 2008. Archived from
933:“The Pontificate of St. Dionysius”
607:in opposition to Catholic clergy.
25:
3472:Don Bosco Preparatory High School
2162:. Quirk Books. pp. 156–157.
1905:, Volume I, Chapter 15, pp. 95–96
1748:, Volume XIII (1877–1878), p. 191
1407:Monument to Don John Bosco, Turin
1378:Saint John Bosco: Mission to Love
1160:. A national almanac began (1854)
972:“The Little Shepherd of the alps”
919:“Biography of Fr. Joseph Cafasso”
896:“Life of the Youth Dominic Savio”
3806:People from the Province of Asti
3728:
3716:
3704:
3692:
3665:
3617:St John Bosco College, Battersea
3497:Don Bosco Technical College–Cebu
3437:Don Bosco Cristo Rey High School
3031:
2985:"Don Bosco's important writings"
2961:"Dreams (Prophecy) of Don Bosco"
2500:. Creative Media Partners, LLC.
2106:Villefranche, Jacques-Melchior.
2049:"Don Bosco, Friend of the Youth"
1862:, Volume I, Chapter 7, pp. 44–49
1837:, Volume I, Chapter 3, pp. 20–28
1514:
1502:
1486:
1470:
1458:
1442:
1426:
1414:
1401:Monuments and memorials to Bosco
1244:
1235:
840:“The Value of a Good Upbringing”
814:“The Conversion of a Waldensian”
597:Prince Ferdinando, Duke of Genoa
481:Priesthood and first apostolates
354:, based in Turin. Together with
34:. For schools of that name, see
3582:Salesian High School (New York)
3462:Don Bosco High School, Tinsukia
2765:(in Italian), Vatican: Holy See
2704:The Oxford Dictionary of Saints
2540:"The Life of St. Dominic Savio"
885:“The Christian’s ‘Porta Tecum’”
370:. He is one of the pioneers of
3771:Beatifications by Pope Pius XI
3547:Salesian College (Rupertswood)
3532:Immaculata-LaSalle High School
3452:Don Bosco High School (Imphal)
3376:Sacred Heart Church, Battersea
2528:has been renamed in his honor.
2156:Craughwell, Thomas J. (2007).
1964:"31 January: Saint John Bosco"
1701:Lemoyne, John Baptist (1967).
1626:, Volume I, 1815 – 1840, p. 26
1421:Monument in Castelnuovo, Italy
1365:, and was played by the actor
1177:Forty Dreams of St. John Bosco
1126:“New Stories of Luigi Comolli”
1025:“Life of St. John the Baptist”
1022:“Marvels of the Mother of God”
958:“The Pontificate of St. Caius”
859:“Two Conferences on Purgatory”
585:Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour
1:
3791:Italian Roman Catholic saints
3776:Canonizations by Pope Pius XI
3761:19th-century Christian saints
3607:Savio Preparatory High School
3567:Salesian College, Farnborough
3522:Don Bosco Technical Institute
3487:Don Bosco School, Park Circus
3457:Don Bosco High School, Lagawe
3056:Rector Major of the Salesians
2908:Don Bosco: History and Spirit
2724:"Bosco, St. John (1815–1888)"
1944:Willey, David (2 June 2002).
1873:"Venerable Margaret Occhiena"
1342:Many educational institutions
1336:Bosco is the patron saint of
936:“Biography of Silvio Pellico”
796:”Announcements for Catholics”
698:
406:in 1929, he was canonized by
79:"Father and Teacher of Youth"
3557:Salesian College Preparatory
3542:Salesian College (Chadstone)
3432:Don Bosco College, Canlubang
3417:Cristo Rey Tampa High School
2887:Desramaut, François (1996).
2813:(in Italian). Archived from
2746:Publications of the Holy See
2683:Butler's lives of the saints
2183:Jestice, Phyllis G. (2004).
1449:Statue of Saint John Bosco,
1102:“The Little Cloud of Carmel”
1028:“Remembrance of a Solemnity”
3652:Thornleigh Salesian College
3562:Salesian College, Battersea
3492:Don Bosco Technical College
3427:Don Bosco Academy, Pampanga
3412:Archbishop Shaw High School
3145:Giovanni Melchiorre Calosso
3030:(public domain audiobooks)
2937:Don Bosco and the Salesians
2701:Farmer, David Hugh (2004).
2617:Journal of Salesian Studies
2247:Journal of Salesian Studies
2138:D'Espiney, Charles (1884).
2125:""Don Bosco's Story", ewtn"
1133:Series started by Don Bosco
760:, and one of his students,
3832:
3801:Patrons of World Youth Day
3612:St John Bosco Arts College
3552:Salesian College Celbridge
3477:Don Bosco School Ernakulam
3442:Don Bosco Formation Center
3386:Salesian Preventive System
3216:(Called John Bosco's Pope)
1118:“The Catholic in the World
1094:“Mary, Help of Christians”
983:“Dialogues on the Jubilee”
689:Salesian Preventive System
686:
681:Salesian Preventive System
333:Salesian Preventive System
32:Don Bosco (disambiguation)
29:
3660:
3592:Salesian School, Chertsey
3298:Pascual Chávez Villanueva
3171:Maria Domenica Mazzarello
3062:
3053:
3048:
3041:
2538:Bosco, Giovanni Melchor.
2189:. ABC-CLIO. p. 138.
1346:Engadine, New South Wales
1220:The Unpublished Don Bosco
986:“The Peace of the Church”
799:“The Instructed Catholic”
356:Maria Domenica Mazzarello
283:Giovanni Melchiorre Bosco
64:
3482:Don Bosco School, Manila
2868:Bosco, Giovanni (1989).
2186:Holy People of the World
589:Maria Theresa of Austria
304:[ˈdɔmˈbɔsko,bo-]
3572:Salesian English School
2835:Morrison, John (1999).
2566:"Writings of Don Bosco"
1259:The Venerable Don Bosco
623:Bosco then worked with
348:Mary Help of Christians
290:
3672:Catholicism portal
3303:Ángel Fernández Artime
3202:Alexandrina of Balazar
3140:(Mother of John Bosco)
3106:Salesians of Don Bosco
3043:Catholic Church titles
2935:Wirth, Morand (1982).
2889:Don Bosco et son Temps
2870:Memoirs of the Oratory
2452:Frith-Powell, Louise.
1784:"Salesian Cooperators"
1433:Basilica Don Bosco in
1227:Death and canonization
980:“The House of Fortune”
724:
704:
490:
442:
352:Salesians of Don Bosco
282:
163:1 April 1934, Rome by
2977:"Salesians of the UK"
2680:Butler, Alan (1999).
2159:This Saint's for You!
1917:Memorias del oratorio
1814:ChristianApostles.com
1572:The Church of England
1435:Castelnuovo Don Bosco
1363:Goffredo Alessandrini
1350:St John Bosco College
1091:“The Jubilee of 1875”
927:“A Family of Martyrs”
848:“Life of St. Pancras”
834:“Talks on Confession”
748:. He penned the 1881
722:
697:Photograph of Bosco,
696:
599:(aged 32), all died.
526:Work with apprentices
488:
440:
430:and drought in 1817.
420:Castelnuovo Don Bosco
291:Gioann Melchior Bòsch
225:Christian apprentices
150:2 June 1929, Rome by
77:Priest and Confessor
3597:Salesiano Valparaíso
3353:Salesian Cooperators
3160:(Spiritual Director)
2414:Tipografia Salesiana
1915:Bosco, John (1976).
1764:. Eircom.net, Dublin
1008:“Life of St. Joseph”
649:Cattolico Provveduto
637:Salesian Cooperators
591:(aged 54), his wife
329:juvenile delinquents
243:juvenile delinquents
3642:Tang King Po School
3293:Juan Edmundo Vecchi
3165:Callistus Caravario
3138:Margherita Occhiena
3024:Works by John Bosco
2342:. Salesian Missions
2325:Charles D'Espiney,
2288:on 6 December 2007.
2005:on 6 December 2007.
1974:on 14 November 2008
1919:. Turin. p. 5.
1790:on 20 February 2011
1727:on 19 November 2017
1139:The Friend of Youth
856:“Life of St. Peter”
805:“Fact of Our Times”
727:Upon his return to
593:Adelaide of Austria
424:Margherita Occhiena
271:John Melchior Bosco
3816:Writers from Turin
3221:Ceferino Namuncurá
2912:A 7-volume series.
2758:Appostolic letter
2546:on 2 December 2006
2254:on 8 February 2017
1721:donbosco-torino.it
1367:Gian Paolo Rosmino
1332:In popular culture
1011:“News and Stories”
862:“Life of St. Paul”
786:Letture Cattoliche
754:John Daniel Morell
725:
705:
580:Victor Emmanuel II
491:
489:Bosco in his youth
443:
139:Anglican Communion
97:Castelnuovo d'Asti
3781:Clergy from Turin
3680:
3679:
3602:Salesianum School
3381:Salesian Bulletin
3311:
3310:
3178:Leonardo Murialdo
3072:
3071:
3063:Succeeded by
2906:Lenti, Arthur J.
2783:Geminata Laetitia
2458:humanumreview.com
2438:978-81-933745-7-3
2391:donboscowest.org/
2108:Life of Don Bosco
1393:, Canada, in the
1322:Church of England
1298:Pope John Paul II
1164:Salesian Bulletin
782:Catholic Readings
741:Salesian Bulletin
710:school discipline
655:booklets (1858).
572:Sardinia-Piedmont
388:Salesian Bulletin
358:, he founded the
317:industrialization
268:
267:
131:Venerated in
105:Sardinia-Piedmont
16:(Redirected from
3823:
3796:Incorrupt saints
3733:
3732:
3731:
3721:
3720:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3697:
3696:
3695:
3688:
3670:
3669:
3402:
3369:
3348:Salesian Sisters
3341:
3318:
3278:Renato Ziggiotti
3273:Pietro Ricaldone
3245:
3239:
3124:Francis de Sales
3116:
3107:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3075:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3020:
3008:
2996:
2988:
2980:
2972:
2964:
2948:
2940:
2931:
2911:
2902:
2883:
2850:
2829:
2824:
2822:
2804:
2788:
2781:Decretal Letter
2773:(1 April 1934),
2766:
2741:
2718:
2697:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2652:on 7 August 2011
2642:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2591:DonBoscoSanto.eu
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2535:
2529:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2460:. Humanum Review
2449:
2443:
2442:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2416:(OE XXIX): 3–13.
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2393:. Don Bosco West
2383:
2377:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2336:
2330:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2273:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2241:
2232:
2231:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2153:
2144:
2143:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2121:
2112:
2103:
2097:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2077:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2045:
2039:
2033:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2013:
2007:
2006:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1928:
1920:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1869:
1863:
1857:
1851:
1848:Piedmont drought
1844:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1816:. 9 January 2021
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1758:
1749:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1723:. Archived from
1713:
1707:
1706:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1648:Luciano Canepari
1644:
1638:
1633:
1627:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1596:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1564:
1555:
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1552:
1550:
1536:
1518:
1506:
1490:
1474:
1462:
1446:
1430:
1418:
1248:
1239:
1196:Posthumous works
1056:“Church History”
703:
700:
346:under the title
340:Francis de Sales
309:Italian Catholic
306:
176:
125:Kingdom of Italy
117:
93:
91:
69:
43:
36:Don Bosco School
21:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3820:
3766:Anglican saints
3741:
3740:
3739:
3729:
3727:
3715:
3705:
3703:
3693:
3691:
3683:
3681:
3676:
3664:
3656:
3400:
3395:
3367:
3362:
3339:
3334:
3316:
3307:
3243:
3237:
3196:Artémides Zatti
3190:Luigi Versiglia
3114:
3109:
3105:
3102:
3068:
3059:
3050:New institution
3032:
3011:
3007:. 2 April 2008.
2999:
2991:
2983:
2975:
2967:
2959:
2956:
2951:
2942:
2941:Translation of
2934:
2928:
2915:
2905:
2899:
2886:
2880:
2867:
2858:
2856:Further reading
2853:
2847:
2834:
2820:
2818:
2817:on 18 June 2013
2807:
2798:
2769:
2755:(2 June 1929),
2751:
2738:
2721:
2715:
2700:
2694:
2679:
2670:
2665:
2655:
2653:
2644:
2643:
2636:
2626:
2624:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2585:
2584:
2580:
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2568:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2549:
2547:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2519:
2515:
2508:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2463:
2461:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2439:
2426:
2425:
2421:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2396:
2394:
2385:
2384:
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2373:
2369:
2360:
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2355:
2345:
2343:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2324:
2320:
2312:
2308:
2298:
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2293:
2275:
2274:
2267:
2257:
2255:
2243:
2242:
2235:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2197:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2170:
2155:
2154:
2147:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2123:
2122:
2115:
2104:
2100:
2093:
2089:
2084:
2080:
2072:
2068:
2058:
2056:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2034:
2027:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2010:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1977:
1975:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1921:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1901:
1892:
1882:
1880:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1858:
1854:
1845:
1841:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1817:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1793:
1791:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1767:
1765:
1760:
1759:
1752:
1744:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1687:
1683:
1675:
1671:
1661:
1659:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1634:
1630:
1622:
1618:
1608:
1606:
1598:
1597:
1586:
1576:
1574:
1566:
1565:
1558:
1548:
1546:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1522:
1519:
1510:
1507:
1498:
1491:
1482:
1475:
1466:
1463:
1454:
1447:
1438:
1431:
1422:
1419:
1403:
1334:
1328:on 31 January.
1316:in 1888. He is
1294:Silvio Mantelli
1284:proclaimed him
1269:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1241:
1240:
1229:
1150:Flying leaflets
774:
746:salesian.online
701:
691:
685:
683:and other works
651:(1853) and his
625:Mary Mazzarello
613:
536:Urbano Rattazzi
528:
483:
428:Napoleonic Wars
416:
325:street children
264:
171:
137:
135:Catholic Church
119:
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114:31 January 1888
95:
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60:
55:
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50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3829:
3827:
3819:
3818:
3813:
3811:Salesian Order
3808:
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3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
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3321:
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3313:
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3309:
3308:
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3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3268:Philip Rinaldi
3265:
3260:
3255:
3249:
3247:
3236:
3235:
3229:
3223:
3217:
3210:
3208:Józef Kowalski
3204:
3198:
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3186:
3180:
3174:
3167:
3161:
3158:Joseph Cafasso
3154:
3148:
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2955:
2954:External links
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2760:Mirabilis Deus
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2737:978-0810882669
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2522:Joseph Cafasso
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2507:978-0344015984
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2055:on 8 June 2010
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1568:"The Calendar"
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758:Joseph Cafasso
687:Main article:
684:
678:
668:evangelization
645:Joseph Cafasso
612:
609:
527:
524:
482:
479:
469:, next to the
463:Joseph Cafasso
415:
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237:young children
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118:(aged 72)
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94:16 August 1815
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26:
24:
18:St. John Bosco
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3288:Egidio Viganò
3286:
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3259:
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3244:Rectors Major
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3227:Luigi Variara
3224:
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3215:
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3209:
3205:
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3199:
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3184:Dominic Savio
3181:
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3162:
3159:
3155:
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3151:Luigi Comollo
3149:
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2987:(in Italian).
2986:
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2927:0-89944-162-9
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2898:9782906295605
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2879:0-89944-139-4
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2196:9781576073551
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1989:
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1969:
1968:Magnificat.ca
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1691:, p. 121
1690:
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1677:Morrison 1999
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1604:Newadvent.org
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1326:commemoration
1323:
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1315:
1314:Pope Leo XIII
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1290:
1287:
1283:
1282:Pope Pius XII
1279:
1275:
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1261:book (1916);
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855:
854:
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847:
846:
844:
839:
836:
833:
830:
829:
827:
823:“The Jubilee”
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
807:
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801:
798:
795:
794:
792:
791:
787:
783:
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778:
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771:
769:
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763:
762:Dominic Savio
759:
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747:
743:
742:
736:
734:
730:
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569:
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541:
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404:beatification
400:
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383:
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364:Dominic Savio
361:
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75:
71:Bosco in 1880
68:
63:
59:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3283:Luis Ricceri
3252:
3233:Laura Vicuña
3214:Pope Pius IX
3130:
3054:
3049:
3016:
3004:
2944:
2943:id. (1969).
2936:
2917:
2907:
2888:
2869:
2836:
2826:
2819:. Retrieved
2815:the original
2809:
2800:
2784:
2780:
2775:
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3258:Michael Rua
3066:Michael Rua
2314:Butler 1999
1731:27 November
1689:Farmer 2004
1656:DiPI Online
1395:Ville-Émard
1375:(1988) and
1310:Michael Rua
1296:petitioned
702: 1887
605:Waldensians
500:Marchioness
451:Don Calosso
344:Virgin Mary
287:Piedmontese
3745:Categories
3131:John Bosco
2714:0198609493
2693:0860122522
2346:7 November
2316:, Volume I
1662:11 January
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1477:Statue in
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1318:remembered
583:minister,
372:mutual aid
307:), was an
231:publishers
202:Attributes
196:31 January
90:1815-08-16
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3711:Biography
3253:Don Bosco
3133:(Founder)
1925:cite book
1820:9 January
1495:Canlubang
1372:Don Bosco
1358:Don Bosco
1302:magicians
1278:beatified
661:Patagonia
641:Argentina
544:Sardinian
538:. He was
504:catechism
410:in 1934.
368:canonized
295:Don Bosco
240:magicians
218:Patronage
159:Canonized
146:Beatified
3325:Valdocco
3153:(Friend)
3147:(Mentor)
3126:(Patron)
3028:LibriVox
2656:7 August
2550:15 April
2526:hometown
2481:Elledici
2464:15 April
2397:15 April
2301:Medioevo
1950:BBC News
1391:Montreal
1338:Brasília
564:Voltaire
560:Rousseau
512:Memoires
475:ordained
393:Bulletin
256:Brasília
234:students
101:Piedmont
3685:Portals
3401:Schools
2674:General
2627:28 June
2596:28 June
2571:15 July
2258:12 July
1978:9 March
1794:9 March
1652:"Bosco"
1609:29 June
1577:19 July
1549:29 June
1453:, Spain
1437:, Italy
1387:Quilmes
1383:borough
1324:with a
1320:in the
1263:(right)
629:Mornese
498:by the
279:Italian
228:editors
211:Biretta
207:Cassock
186:, Italy
165:Pius XI
152:Pius XI
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1479:Makati
1397:area.
1255:(left)
1216:(1999)
1210:(1984)
1191:(1881)
1185:(1877)
467:Chieri
455:priest
391:. The
260:Brazil
174:shrine
172:Major
3735:Italy
3368:Other
3136:Ven.
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