Piazza San Marco - Knowledge (XXG)

915: 1048:. The extended façade had reached the corner by 1438 and the point where the 15th-century part joins the 14th-century part can only be recognised by the circular relief of Justice above the seventh pillar from the front corner and the fact that that pillar is larger than the others, having held up the corner of the building for 80 years. The capitals on this façade are, for the most part, copies of the existing capitals on the front façade. The last pillar, at the north-western corner of the building, is a very large column and, continuing the theme of Justice, bears a large relief carving of the Judgment of Solomon, with the archangel Gabriel above it. The sculptor is not known, although various suggestions have been made including Bartolomeo Buon from Venice and Jacopo della Quercia from Siena and several art historians think that the sculpture of the Judgment of Solomon (which must have been made in the period 1424/38) shows influence from Tuscany. Eduardo Arslan, after reviewing all the theories in 1971, concluded that this sculpture "remains for us a great mystery". 865: 604: 491: 644: 467: 503: 1245: 529: 550: 1016:

and narrow) Byzantine arches below and a single storey above, with two windows above each arch. The ground floor rooms were let out for shops to provide an income. These buildings remained in place for about 300 years and we can see exactly how they looked in 1496 in Gentile Bellini's painting of a procession in the piazza. This painting also shows the buildings on the opposite (south) side of the Piazza, of which the most important was the Ospizio Orseolo, an inn or hostel for pilgrims going to the Holy Land. It can be seen that the piazza was then considerably narrower than it is today, because these buildings abutted directly against the west wall of the campanile.

832: 1223: 1001: 165: 571: 879: 592: 515: 1114: 294: 1102:, and by 1529 he had been appointed as Proto (consultant architect and buildings manager) to the Procurators of St. Mark. The Procurators wished to rebuild the old buildings on the south side of the Piazza, but Sansovino persuaded them that the opportunity should be taken to enlarge the Piazza and that these buildings should be demolished and the building line moved back clear of the campanile. He also convinced them that the old hostelries and shops on the west side of the Piazzetta opposite the Doge's Palace should be replaced by a new building worthy of the site. It was decided that the 891: 1110:) on the west side of the Libreria. All these works were proceeding together for many years after 1537. The new Loggetta was complete by 1545 and the Zecca by 1547 (though a third storey was added by 1566), but work on the Libreria was held up by the difficulty of finding new premises for the businesses which were displaced as well as by shortage of funds and only sixteen bays (out of twenty-one) had been finished before the death of Sansovino in 1570. By that date it had not yet been possible to start on the rebuilding of the south side of the Piazza beyond the Libreria. 820: 903: 847: 399: 1106:, which had been bequeathed to the city by Cardinal Bessarion but had still not found a permanent home, should be housed there and Sansovino originally intended that the façade of this building (the Libreria) should eventually be continued along the south side of the Piazza and round the south-west corner as far as the church of San Geminiano in the middle of the west side. These changes also made it necessary to rebuild the Loggetta and at the same time the government of Venice had commissioned Sansovino to rebuild the mint (the 625: 407: 1299: 431:, a famous cafe opened in 1720 by Floriano Francesconi, which was patronised by the Venetians when the hated Austrians were at Quadri's. The upper floors were intended by Napoleon to be a palace for his stepson Eugène de Beauharnais, his viceroy in Venice, and now houses the Museo Correr. At the far end the Procuratie meet the north end of Sansovino's Libreria (mid-16th century), whose main front faces the piazzetta and is described there. The arcade continues round the corner into the Piazzetta. 325: 1271:

the Basilica with the centre of the western opening into the piazza. This line more closely parallels the façade of the Procuratie Vecchie, leaving a nearly triangular space adjacent to the Procuratie Nuove with its wider end closed off by the Campanile. The pattern continued past the campanile, stopping at a line connecting the three large flagpoles and leaving the space immediately in front of the Basilica undecorated. A smaller version of the same pattern in the Piazzetta paralleled

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what became the Piazza. An orchard which occupied part of the area was acquired from the convent of San Zaccharia and the Doge bought up a number of buildings which obstructed the site. By his will he left these buildings to the state and in due course they were demolished to clear the area. The rebuilding of the 9th-century Doge's palace also commenced in his time as Doge. The precise date of the various new buildings is not known and much must have been done in the time of his son,

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gateway is mainly the work of Bartolomeo. It was completed by 1442 and included a sculpture of the Doge Francesco Foscari kneeling before the lion of St Mark. The statues of the cardinal virtues on either side were by another hand. Originally the whole gateway was painted and gilded. This is just visible in the right background of Gentile Bellini's painting of 1496, which shows the piazza in its state at this time, still narrow and with the old 13th-century buildings on either side.

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Bartolomeo Bon. Again, there is at the top a figure of Venice as Justice, the theme of fair judgment and justice being much emphasised on this side of the palace. Below this, the head of Doge Francisco Foscari and the lion before which he is kneeling were replaced in 1885, the originals having been destroyed on French orders in 1797. The statues on either side of the gateway represent the cardinal virtues of Temperance, Fortitude, Prudence and Charity.

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but the upper storey, containing the ceremonial entrance and the ballroom, has no windows or arches and is decorated with statues and sculpture in low relief. In the centre there was originally to have been a statue of Napoleon as Jupiter with the imperial arms above, but this was abandoned after the fall of Napoleon in 1814 and there is now no focal point on the west side of the Piazza.

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columns of the extended part are mostly copies of those in the front of the Palace. The seventh pillar is marked by a tondo (circular sculpture) of Venice as Justice above the first floor loggia. To the left of this, there are two red pillars in front of the first-floor loggia, contrasting with the other pillars which are of white Istrian stone. The red pillars are made of

952:. The relics were temporarily placed in the palace (or castle) of the Doge, Justinian Partecipacius, who provided in his will for a new church to be built. This first church of St Mark was begun on the south side of the existing chapel; by 836 construction was sufficiently advanced for the relics to be moved there. The design of the church was based on the 1312:, the "high water" from storm surges from the Adriatic or heavy rain, it is quick to flood. Water pouring into the drains in the piazza runs directly into the Grand Canal. This normally works well but, when the sea is high, it has the reverse effect, with water from the lagoon surging up into the square. A historically important flood was the 1091:) the whole of the south side of the Piazza was rebuilt, starting in 1517. The new buildings, known today as the Procuratie Vecchie, were three storeys high instead of two. Like the previous Procuratie they had an arcade on the ground level with two windows above each arch, but without the high Byzantine arches and with classical details. 914: 1193:, was instrumental in arranging the return to Venice of the four horses of St Mark and the lion from the Piazzetta. The horses were re-installed in front of the Basilica on 13 December 1815, but the bronze lion had been badly broken and had to be repaired. It was placed back on its pillar in April 1816. 739:, who was the patron of the city before St Mark, holding a spear and with a crocodile to represent the dragon which he was said to have slain. This is made up of parts of antique statues and is a copy (the original is kept in the Doge's Palace). The second (eastern) column has a creature representing a 1176:

It was decided that the new palace should extend across the whole of the west end of the Piazza and this made it necessary to demolish the church of San Geminiano, rebuilt by Sansovino, and also the buildings on either side, Sansovino's extension of the Procuratie Vecchie to the north and part of the

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Sansovino also completed the rebuilding of the old church of San Geminiano at the west end of the Piazza, facing St Mark's. Much of the work had been done before he took it over in 1557, but he was responsible for the façade in white Istrian stone. He also continued the range of Procuratie Vecchie on

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was Doge (1172–78). Venice was growing in importance and the Doge was a very wealthy man. He initiated the changes which created the piazza as we know it. The Rio Baratario was filled in and the church of San Geminiano on the far side was demolished and rebuilt much farther back at the western end of

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In 976 there was a rebellion against the Doge and the church was set on fire. The wooden parts, including the roof and wooden dome, were probably lost, but the church was not completely destroyed and it seems to have been rebuilt much as before. In 1063 a complete rebuilding commenced. The new church

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in the Piazza with a high archway beneath it leading into the street known as the Merceria, which leads to the Rialto. The building, which was probably designed by Codussi, was started in 1496, a section of the original Procuratie being demolished for the purpose. The building was completed with the

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Because of the great expense involved, nothing more was done for many years, but in 1422 the Doge Tomaso Mocenigo insisted that for the honour of the city the remaining part of the old palace should be demolished and the new part extended. It was resolved that the existing façade should be continued

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were stolen from Alexandria and brought to Venice, and in time the Venetians and the Doge adopted the apostle as their new patron. He was the missionary-apostle who was said to have converted their district; the relics of an apostle would increase the importance of the city and their acquisition was

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Beyond these pillars, opposite the corner of the Basilica, is a great circular stone of red porphyry known as the Pietra del Bando (Proclamation Stone) from which official proclamations used to be read. It has been suggested that this may have formed part of a column on which the so-called Tetrarchs

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Beyond this, in front of the South wall of the Basilica are two rectangular pillars always known as the Pillars of Acre. They were thought to be booty taken by the Venetians from Acre after their great victory over the Genoese there in 1258, but this traditional story has also had to be revised. The

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On the far side of the Piazzetta is the side wall of the Doge's Palace with Gothic arcades at ground level and a loggia on the floor above. Up to the seventh pillar from the front this is the building as rebuilt in 1340, while the extension towards the Basilica was added in 1424. The capitals of the

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in Cilicia (Southern Turkey) about 300 BC. The columns are now thought to have been erected about 1268, when the water was closer and they would have been on the edge of the lagoon, framing the entry to the city from the sea. Gambling was permitted in the space between the columns and this right was

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Turning left at the end, the arcade continues along the west end of the piazza, which was rebuilt by Napoleon about 1810 and is known as the Ala Napoleonica (Napoleonic Wing). It holds, behind the shops, a ceremonial staircase which was to have led to a royal palace but now forms the entrance to the

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has looked into the history of this "felicitous and much-used metaphor" but has to say that evidence for Napoleon's authorship is elusive. The earliest reference which she can quote is from a French guide book of 1844 which said (without citing any authority) that Napoleon said that the Piazza is a

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Venice surrendered to Napoleon on 12 May 1797. By 4 June a "Tree of Liberty" had been placed in the Piazza. Soon afterwards stonemasons were sent out on the orders of the Municipality to destroy images of the winged lion, which was seen as a symbol of Venetian independence and aristocratic rule. On

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The area of the piazza was now defined by the erection of buildings on the north and south sides. On the north side were the procuratie, residences and offices for the procurators of St Mark. The original procuratie were a range of two-storey buildings with a continuous arcade of stilted (i.e. tall

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On the rear corner of the Doge's Palace is a sculpture of the Judgment of Solomon with the archangel Gabriel above. The sculptors are not known. Set back from this corner is the Porta della Carta, the ceremonial entrance to the palace, built in fine Gothic style in 1438–43, probably by Giovanni and

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composed the design. Squares of diagonally laid blocks alternated with rectangular and oval designs along broad parallel bands. The squares were pitched to the centre, like a bowl, where a drain conducted surface water into a below-grade drainage system. The pattern connected the central portal of

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from Milan, but the new building caused much controversy and in 1810 he was replaced by Giovanni Soli from Modena. The present building, known as the Ala Napoleonica (the Napoleonic Wing) was built between 1810 and 1813. The façade of the two lower storeys is in the manner of the Procuratie Nuove,

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In 1438 a contract was made with Giovanni and Bartolomeo Buon for the construction of a great ceremonial doorway into the palace. This was the Porta della Carta and connected the newly constructed wing of the palace with the south wall of St Mark's. Giovanni was nearing the end of his life and the

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The two great granite columns in the Piazzetta are usually said to have been erected about 1170, but it is now thought more probable that this was done in the time of Doge Ranieri Zeno (1253–68) about 1268; the bases and capitals are 13th-century. Their origin is unknown, but Chios is suggested as

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St Mark's Basilica has a western façade with great arches and marble decoration, Romanesque carvings around the central doorway, and four horses which preside over the whole piazza. The four horses are potent symbols of pride and power in Venice. In 1379, the Genoese said there could be no peace

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is an open space on the north side of the church named after the two marble lions (presented by Doge Alvise Mocenigo in 1722), but now officially called the Piazzetta San Giovanni XXIII. The neo-classic building on the east side adjoining the Basilica is the Palazzo Patriarcale, the seat of the

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After the death of Sansovino funds were at last made available to start the rebuilding of the south side of the Piazza in its new position well clear of the campanile. His idea of a two-storey building continuing the façade of the Libreria had to be abandoned, as the Procurators required three

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based the design on the façade of the Libreria and completed ten bays between 1582 and 1586, The Procuratie Nuove (New Procuracies), as they are called, were not completed until 1640, when the remaining bays on the south side were completed and continued round the corner to the church of San

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in the course of the 4th Crusade and, both at that time and later during the 13th century, much valuable material was taken from the city and shipped back for the adornment of Venice. This included marbles and pillars for the façade of St Mark's, the two square pillars in the piazzetta known

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Next to this, on an outside corner of the basilica of St Mark, are four antique figures carved in porphyry, a very hard red granite. They are usually known as the Tetrarchs and said to represent the four joint rulers of the Roman Empire appointed by Diocletian and were formerly thought to be

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in 1348 but the first stage was completed by 1365. This comprised the front part of the palace facing the lagoon, but in the Piazzetta the new building only extended to the seventh pillar back from the front corner, now marked by a circular relief of Venice as Justice on the outside of the

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At that time there was probably an empty space covered with grass in front of the new church, but it cannot have extended more than about 60 metres to the west, where there was a stream (the Rio Baratario) bisecting the area now occupied by the Piazza. On the other side of this stream was

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to be "the most magnificent and ornate structure built since ancient times". The arcade continues to the end of the building with cafés and shops and also the entrances to the Archaeological Museum, the Biblioteca Marciana and the National Library, which occupy the floors above.

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At the corner near the campanile, this (west) side is occupied entirely by the Biblioteca (Library) designed by Jacopo Sansovino to hold the Biblioteca Marciana (library of St Mark). Building started in 1537 and it was extended, after the death of Sansovino, by

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in the mid-16th century but partly built (1582–86) after his death by Vincenzo Scamozzi apparently with alterations required by the procurators and finally completed by Baldassarre Longhena about 1640. Again, the ground floor has shops and also the

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in Constantinople (524–27), and were probably taken by the Venetians soon after the fourth crusade in 1204. The ruins of this church were discovered in 1960 and it was excavated in the 1990s, when capitals were found, which matched the pillars.

1237:. Little is known about Tirali's reasoning for the particulars of the design. Some have speculated that the pattern was used to regulate market stalls, or to recall their former presence in the square. Others believe the pattern was drawn from 1164:

as his viceroy and in 1807 it was ordered that the Procuratie Nuove were to become the royal palace for his occupation. Napoleon himself paid a ceremonial visit to Venice later in 1807, landing at the Piazzetta on his way to the new palace.

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In 1890, the pavement was renewed "due to wear and tear". The new work closely follows Tirali's design, but eliminated the oval shapes and cut off the west edge of the pattern to accommodate the Napoleonic wing at that end of the Piazza.

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The overall alignment of the pavement pattern serves to visually lengthen the long axis and reinforce the position of the Basilica at its head. This arrangement mirrors the interior relationship of nave to altar within the cathedral.

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possible. The lion is first mentioned in a decree of the Great Council in 1293, and the wording makes it clear that it was already on the pillar at that date. A statue of St Theodore (but not the present statue) was in place by 1329.

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The original 9th-century Doge's palace was soon found too small for the number of patricians sitting on the Great Council after the right to do so was made hereditary in 1297, and rebuilding started in 1340. Work was held up by the

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The history of the Piazza San Marco can be conveniently covered in four periods, but the only pre-renaissance buildings and monuments still standing there are St Mark's, the Doge's Palace and the two great columns in the Piazzetta.

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In January 1798 under the Treaty of Campoformio the Austrians moved into Venice in place of the French. This first Austrian ascendancy lasted from 1798 to 19 January 1806, when the French moved back after Napoleon's victories at

786:, praised for their loving co-operation on his death in 337, especially as the work originally stood in the Philadelphion (Place of Brotherly Love) in Constantinople, where the missing foot of one of the figures has been found. 383:, high officers of state in the days of the republic of Venice. They were built in the early 16th century. The arcade is lined with shops and restaurants at ground level, with offices above. The restaurants include the famous 1144:

the Porta della Carta in the Piazzetta the head of Doge Francesco Foscari was removed as well as that of the lion before which he was kneeling. (They were replaced by copies later in the century). The French ordered the

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It was also at this time, in the later 13th century, that St Mark's was being given its new west façade embellished with marble and mosaics and trophies from Constantinople, including the four horses.

549: 1275:, leaving a narrow trapezoid adjacent to the Doge's palace with the wide end closed off by the southwest corner of the Basilica. This smaller pattern had the internal squares inclined to form non- 1995:

Sansovino, Francesco: Venetia Città Nobilissima. (Venice. Original edition 1581. Edition of 1663 with additions by Martinioni reprinted in facsimile – Gregg International Publishers Ltd, 1968)

570: 943:, a Greek warrior saint, and the first chapel of the Doge was dedicated to him. It was probably built about 819 and stood near the site of the present church of St Mark. In 828–829 relics of 1084:

Buildings on either side to support the tower were added by 1506 and in 1512, when there was a fire in the old Procuratie, it became obvious that the whole range would have to be rebuilt.

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As part of the design, the level of the piazza was raised by approximately one meter to mitigate flooding and allow more room for the internal drains to carry water to the Grand Canal.

731:(mint) also by Sansovino (completed 1547) and now part of the Biblioteca Marciana. Turning to the left at the end of the Biblioteca one crosses the open end of the Piazzetta marked by 774:. They may have framed the Doge's chair on ceremonial occasions, but it seems that important malefactors found guilty of crimes against the state would sometimes be executed there. 422:

Turning left again, the arcade continues down the south side of the Piazza. The buildings on this side are known as the Procuratie Nuove (new procuracies), which were designed by

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style with undecorated brickwork (like the exterior of the apse today). It had five domes, but their exterior profile was low, unlike the present high, onion-shaped structures.

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in Constantinople and it seems to have covered the same area as the central part of the present church. A campanile was first built in the time of Doge Pietro Tribuno (888–91).

442:("as it was, where it was") after the collapse of the former campanile on 14 July 1902. Adjacent to the campanile, facing towards the church, is the small building known as the 699:

is, strictly speaking, not part of the Piazza but an adjoining open space connecting the south side of the Piazza to the waterway of the lagoon. The Piazzetta lies between the

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stalls and in organizing frequent ceremonial processions. This original pavement design can be seen in paintings of the late Middle Ages and through the Renaissance, such as

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between the two cities until these horses had been bridled. Four hundred years later, Napoleon, after he had conquered Venice, had them taken down and shipped to Paris.

902: 387:, which was patronized by the Austrians when Venice was ruled by Austria in the 19th century, while the Venetians preferred Florian's on the other side of the piazza. 1514: 2032: 890: 164: 2412: 364:), completed in 1499, above a high archway where the street known as the Merceria (a main thoroughfare of the city) leads through shopping streets to the 2242: 2103: 2091: 1329: 624: 2153: 2027: 1334: 514: 341:. It is described here by a perambulation starting from the west front of the church (facing the length of the piazza) and proceeding to the right. 1705:

Howard (2002) p. 93. Lorenzetti p. 235. See also Ruskin: Stones of Venice Vol. 2 (The Sea Stories) Ch. 8 para. xx (pp. 297–309 in the 1874 edition)

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first-floor arcade. Further back, part of the old palace, known as the Palace of Justice, remained, much as it had stood for about 200 years.

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in 1505. The Venetian flag of St Mark used to fly from them in the time of the republic of Venice and now shares them with the Italian flag.

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Howard, Deborah: The Architectural History of Venice (Revised & enlarged edition. Yale University Press; New Haven & London 2002.)

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said to have been granted as a reward to the man who first raised the columns. Public executions also took place between the columns.

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to be taken down and sent to Paris together with the bronze lion on the column in the Piazzetta. They were removed in December 1797.

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San Marco, Byzantium and the Myths of Venice edited by Henry Maguire and Robert S. Nelson (Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, D.C. 2010)

478: 749:– which is the symbol of St Mark. This has a long history, probably starting as a winged lion-griffin on a monument to the god 108: 1205:. Bands of light-colored stone ran parallel to the long axis of the main piazza. These lines were probably used in setting up 2235: 2204: 2199: 2084: 1186: 80: 65: 453:

Across the piazza in front of the church are three large mast-like flagpoles with bronze bases decorated in high relief by

446:, built by Sansovino in 1537–46 and used as a lobby by patricians waiting to go into a meeting of the Great Council in the 1117:

The west end of the Piazza with the church of San Geminiano, as it was from 1640 to 1807 (print from Quadri-Moretti, 1831)

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The column of the Piazzetta façade of the Doge's Palace marking the division between the 14th- and 15th-century structures

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The Role of Pavement in the Perceived Integration of Plazas: An Analysis of the Paving Designs of Four Italian Piazzas.

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The Piazza & Piazzetta in 1500 with the newly completed Clocktower but the original 13th-century Procuratie (from

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At the end of this building is the Molo (the quay fronting the lagoon) and the adjoining building to the right is the

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Perocco, Guido & Antonio Salvadori: Civiltà di Venezia. 3 volumes. (3rd ed., revised and corrected. Venice. 1987)

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The Loggetta at the foot of the Campanile (built by Sansovino 1537–46); rebuilt after the fall of Campanile in 1902

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Howard, Deborah: Jacopo Sansovino. Architecture and Patronage in Renaissance Venice (Yale University Press. 1975)

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In 1723 the bricks were replaced with a more complex geometrical pavement design laid out by Venetian architect

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Lorenzetti, Giulio: Venice and its Lagoon (1926. 2nd ed. 1956) translated by John Guthrie (Lint, Trieste. 1975)

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To the left is the long arcade along the north side of the piazza, the buildings on this side are known as the

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in its southeast corner (see plan). The two spaces together form the social, religious and political centre of

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Egyptian. It is now thought probable (or, at least very possible) that they represent the sons of the Emperor

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unpublished M.S. thesis. Washington State University Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture.

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In 1493 an astronomical clock was commissioned by Venice and it was decided to install it in a new

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Arslan, Edoardo: Gothic Architecture in Venice (translated by Anne Engel). (Phaidon, London. 1971)

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clock installed by February 1499. It can be seen, flanked by the original Procuratie building, in

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The Lion of Venice. Studies & research on the bronze statue in the Piazzetta'. (Venice. 1990)

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Demus, Otto: The Church of San Marco in Venice. History Architecture Sculpture. (Washington 1960)

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Howard (1975) pp. 8–38 on the Piazza, Libreria and the Loggetta and pp. 38–47 on the Zecca

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and his establishment of the kingdom of Italy in 1804. Napoleon appointed his stepson

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The Pillars from St Polyeuktos, Constantinople, generally known as the Pillars of Acre

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Perocco & Salvadori Vol. 1 p. 138 with a sketch plan showing the probable layout.

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Boucher, Bruce: Andrea Palladio. The Architect in his Time. (Abbeville Press, 1998)

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San Marco, Byzantium and the Myths of Venice pp. 35, 37 (n. 87), 134–135, 154–155

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a further step in the gradual process of freeing Venice from the domination of

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After the abdication of Napoleon the Austrians re-occupied Venice (under the

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Auftritte Scenes: Interaction with Architectural Space: the Campi of Venice.

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San Marco, Byzantium & the Myths of Venice p. 79 & n. 10 on p. 10

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Macadam p. 80. See also Deborah Howard: Jacopo Sansovino (1975) pp. 15–16

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San Marco, Byzantium and the Myths of Venice pp. 79 and note 10 on p. 10

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caused the canals to rise to a height of 194 cm or 6 ft 4 in.

1425:

For general description of the Piazzetta see Macadam, pp. 85–88, 99–100

1317: 496:

The Clocktower with the archway into the Mercerie leading to the Rialto

2362: 2100: 1958:

Norwich, John Julius, Tudy Sammartini, and Gabriele Crozzoli (1999).

1356:

salon designed for the sky to serve as a canopy. See Plant, pp. 65–66

1122:

the north side of the Piazza round the corner as far as this church.

365: 271: 259: 178: 1919:

Goy, Richard: Venice, The City and its Architecture. (Phaidon. 1997)

1201:

The Piazza was paved in the late 12th century with bricks laid in a

379:

Vecchie, the old procuracies, formerly the homes and offices of the

274:

and are referred to together. This article relates to both of them.

2220: 2069: 1297: 1243: 1221: 1167: 1112: 1071: 999: 760: 735:

carrying symbols of the two patron saints of Venice. The first is

405: 397: 292: 1157: 2224: 2073: 1975:

Plant, Margaret: Venice Fragile City 1797–1997 (Yale U.P. 2002)

1306:

The Piazza San Marco is not far above sea level and during the

1044:

in the same style, and work started in 1424 under the new Doge

1365:

General detailed description of the Piazza in Macadam pp. 63ff

37: 825:

The Zecca and the south end of the Biblioteca from the lagoon

1777:

Howard (1975) p. 173 and Macadam p. 80. See also M. Tafuri:

1056:

From the Renaissance to the fall of the Republic (1490–1797)

810:

and the brilliant white façade of Palladio's church there.

1229:'s painting of 1723 showing the laying of the new pavement 1177:

Procuratie Nuove to the south. The original architect was

908:

The figures carved in porphyry and known as the Tetrarchs

281:

calls the Piazza San Marco "the drawing room of Europe".

1878:(1st U.S. ed.). New York: Nan A. Talese/Doubleday. 806:) at the end of the Piazzetta can be seen the island of 576:

Procuratie Vecchie built by Bartolomeo Bon the Younger (

870:

Judgment of Solomon on N.W. corner of the Doge's Palace

670:

The Piazzetta San Marco seen from Saint Mark's Basilica

618:) adapting a design by Sansovino (during Carnival 1993) 2035:

360° photos of historic Buildings, Cafés, Jewelleries.

1447:

See The Bronze Lion of St Mark by Bianca Maria Scarfi

1172:

The west end of the Piazza showing the Ala Napoleonica

884:

The Porta della Carta by Giovanni & Bartolomeo Bon

277:

A remark usually attributed (though without proof) to

1790:

Plant pp. 9 & 29 and fig. 14. Norwich pp. 630–633

1087:

Although Venice was then at war with much of Europe (

1302:

Piazza San Marco during the flood of 4 November 1966

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(2002). 1658:San Marco, Byzantium & the Myths of Venice 1480:San Marco, Byzantium & the Myths of Venice 337:The square is dominated at its eastern end by 2236: 2085: 609:Procuratie Nuove built by Vincenzo Scamozzi ( 472:Procuratie Vecchie and Procuratie Nuove, 1890 262:, Italy, where it is generally known just as 8: 1546:San Marco, Byzantium and the Myths of Venice 450:and by guards when the council was sitting. 1262:with geometrical designs executed in white 2243: 2229: 2221: 2092: 2078: 2070: 1513:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 1330:List of buildings and structures in Venice 597:Detail of the windows of Procurate Vecchie 144: 962:a small church dedicated to San Geminiano 790:pillars actually came from the church of 128:Learn how and when to remove this message 2038: 814:Buildings and monuments in the Piazzetta 707:'s Biblioteca (Library) which holds the 372:(1675), sometimes open for exhibitions. 1345: 874: 812: 524: 459: 192: 184: 1506: 1335:History of the Doge's Palace in Venice 418:(with modern replicas located outside) 2006:Italian Pavements: Patterns in Space. 1678:The Lion of Venice p. 33. Demus p. 22 939:The first patron saint of Venice was 719:in 1588–91. The building was said by 534:Elevation of the Procuratie Vecchie ( 237: 173: 7: 1955:Macadam, Alta: Venice (6th ed. 1998) 1638:Howard (2002) p. 30. Goy 2006 p. 233 988:Great changes to the area came when 330:Western façade of St Mark's Basilica 66:adding citations to reliable sources 2344:Columns of San Marco and San Todaro 564:), print from Quadri-Moretti (1831) 555:Elevation of the Procuratie Nuove ( 543:), print from Quadri-Moretti (1831) 2413:Renaissance architecture in Venice 1781:(English edition 1989) pp. 166–169 1249:Piazza San Marco with the Basilica 1005:Procession in the Piazza San Marco 997:, who was Doge from 1205 to 1229. 484:The Piazza seen from the Campanile 31:. For the square in Florence, see 25: 1436:I Quattro Libri dell'Architettura 1382:. Johns Hopkins U.P. p. 192. 1139:Napoleon and later (1797 onwards) 1098:came to Venice, fleeing from the 972:was finished in the time of Doge 297:Plan of the Piazza and Piazzetta. 2028:Satellite image from Google Maps 1493:Zanotto, Francesco (1853–1861). 1434:Boucher p.24, citing Palladio's 1258:A field of dark-colored igneous 1104:library of books and manuscripts 913: 901: 896:Porta della Carta (central part) 889: 877: 863: 845: 830: 818: 677: 663: 642: 623: 602: 590: 569: 548: 527: 513: 501: 489: 477: 465: 323: 309: 163: 42: 1499:(in Italian). Venice. pp. 53:needs additional citations for 18:St. Mark's Square (Venice) 2303:Treasury of St Mark's Basilica 2291:National Archaeological Museum 2200:Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari 1629:Goy p. 64. Howard (2002) p. 30 1216:Procession in Piazza San Marco 1011:, depicting the piazza in 1496 649:View from the Piazzetta (1585) 1: 2423:Odonyms referring to religion 2418:Tourist attractions in Venice 1548:pp. 52–54, 64, 71–73, 134–135 1451:The Lion of Venice pp. 31–124 1397:. Yale U.P. 2004. p. 36. 954:Church of the Twelve Apostles 611: 578: 557: 536: 288: 250:), often known in English as 2408:Piazzas and campos in Venice 2154:History of the Doge's Palace 1998:Scarfi, Bianca Maria (ed.): 1962:London: Merrell Publishers. 1960:Decorative Floors of Venice. 1660:: see the pages cited above. 1496:Il Palazzo Ducale di Venezia 1089:War of the League of Cambrai 655:Description of the Piazzetta 1982:. New York: Vendome Press. 1942:Lien, Barbara. (May 2005). 1611:Howard (2002) pp. 19–21, 24 1021:Constantinople was captured 984:Medieval piazza (1100–1490) 239:[ˈpjattsasanˈmarko] 2439: 2008:Houston: Anchorage Press. 1779:Venice and the Renaissance 1732:Howard (2002) pp. 146–148 33:Piazza San Marco, Florence 26: 2110: 1978:Puppi, Lionello. (2002). 733:two large granite columns 520:Piazza San Marco at night 193: 185: 162: 157: 2195:Santa Maria della Salute 1575:Howard (2002) pp. 19, 24 1146:four horses of San Marco 169:Piazza San Marco in 2021 29:San Marco (Jacksonville) 2320:Church of San Geminiano 2160:Gallerie dell'Accademia 2004:Williams, Kim. (1997). 1875:Venice : pure city 1872:Ackroyd, Peter (2009). 1768:Howard (1995) pp. 81–84 1750:Howard (1975) pp. 14–15 1696:Howard (2002) pp. 91–93 1380:Venice, A Maritime City 1187:Treaty of Fontainebleau 461:In the Piazza San Marco 247: 140:Square in Venice, Italy 2384:Piazzetta dei Leoncini 2266:Loggetta del Sansovino 2205:Santi Giovanni e Paolo 1687:Lorenzetti pp. 164–165 1303: 1255: 1230: 1173: 1118: 1081: 1012: 802:Across the water (the 766: 697:Piazzetta di San Marco 635:Campanile di San Marco 444:Loggetta del Sansovino 419: 403: 381:Procurators of St Mark 350:Piazzetta dei Leoncini 298: 235:Italian pronunciation: 2145:Ca' Vendramin Calergi 1817:Plant pp. 43 & 47 1741:Howard (1975) pp. 1–2 1656:Howard (2002) p. 25. 1301: 1247: 1225: 1171: 1162:Eugène de Beauharnais 1116: 1080:'s woodcut of Venice) 1075: 1003: 935:Beginnings (800–1100) 840:on the western column 764: 409: 401: 353:Patriarch of Venice. 296: 213:45.43389°N 12.33806°E 2315:St Mark's Clocktower 2190:San Giorgio Maggiore 1980:The Stones of Venice 1723:Howard (2002) p. 123 1395:Venice, Fragile City 1133:Baldassarre Longhena 808:San Giorgio Maggiore 412:Horses of Saint Mark 370:Baldassarre Longhena 358:St Mark's Clocktower 62:improve this article 2339:Biblioteca Marciana 2310:St Mark's Campanile 1932:Basel: Birkhauser. 1602:Howard (2002) p. 19 1273:Sansovino's Library 1203:herringbone pattern 804:Bacino di San Marco 709:Biblioteca Marciana 686:Biblioteca Marciana 631:St Mark's Campanile 455:Alessandro Leopardi 436:St Mark's Campanile 362:Torre dell'Orologio 254:, is the principal 209: / 2298:St Mark's Basilica 2210:St Mark's Basilica 2175:Punta della Dogana 2062:Punta della Dogana 1714:Arslan pp. 246–252 1304: 1256: 1231: 1174: 1119: 1082: 1013: 767: 420: 416:St Mark's Basilica 404: 339:St Mark's Basilica 299: 218:45.43389; 12.33806 77:"Piazza San Marco" 2390: 2389: 2218: 2217: 2068: 2067: 2058:Succeeded by 2055:Piazza San Marco 1885:978-0-385-53152-8 1620:Macadam pp. 86–87 1584:Lorenzetti p. 144 1482:. pp. 43–44. 1393:Plant, Margaret. 1376:Lane, Frederic C. 1314:1966 Venice flood 1128:Vincenzo Scamozzi 1126:storeys. However 1046:Francesco Foscari 772:red Verona marble 717:Vincenzo Scamozzi 395:(Correr Museum). 303: 302: 228: 227: 189: 152:St. Mark's Square 138: 137: 130: 112: 16:(Redirected from 2430: 2403:Piazza San Marco 2252:Piazza San Marco 2245: 2238: 2231: 2222: 2170:Piazza San Marco 2094: 2087: 2080: 2071: 2052:Venice landmarks 2042:Preceded by 2039: 1898: 1897: 1869: 1863: 1860: 1854: 1851: 1845: 1842: 1836: 1833: 1827: 1824: 1818: 1815: 1809: 1806: 1800: 1797: 1791: 1788: 1782: 1775: 1769: 1766: 1760: 1757: 1751: 1748: 1742: 1739: 1733: 1730: 1724: 1721: 1715: 1712: 1706: 1703: 1697: 1694: 1688: 1685: 1679: 1676: 1670: 1667: 1661: 1654: 1648: 1645: 1639: 1636: 1630: 1627: 1621: 1618: 1612: 1609: 1603: 1600: 1594: 1591: 1585: 1582: 1576: 1573: 1567: 1564: 1558: 1555: 1549: 1543: 1537: 1534: 1528: 1525: 1519: 1518: 1512: 1504: 1490: 1484: 1483: 1476: 1470: 1469:Sansovino p. 316 1467: 1461: 1458: 1452: 1445: 1439: 1432: 1426: 1423: 1417: 1414: 1408: 1405: 1399: 1398: 1390: 1384: 1383: 1372: 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216: / 2397:Categories 2271:Procuratie 2135:Ca' Pesaro 1341:References 1309:acqua alta 1277:orthogonal 1268:travertine 1251:(1720) by 1191:Metternich 1154:Austerlitz 1078:de Barbari 1067:de Barbari 1062:clocktower 978:Romanesque 377:Procuratie 204:12°20′17″E 88:newspapers 2331:Piazzetta 2125:Ca' d'Oro 2104:landmarks 1894:515405296 1647:Goy p. 63 1509:cite book 1253:Canaletto 1227:Canaletto 1219:of 1496. 1019:In 1204, 950:Byzantium 264:la Piazza 201:45°26′2″N 1378:(1997). 1324:See also 1294:Flooding 1260:trachyte 1197:Pavement 1094:In 1527 721:Palladio 279:Napoleon 244:Venetian 175:Location 2379:Related 2115:Arsenal 1438:(1570), 945:St Mark 926:History 799:stood. 181:, Italy 102:scholar 2363:Piombi 2259:Piazza 2101:Venice 2012: 1986: 1966: 1936: 1892: 1882: 1207:market 755:Tarsus 751:Sandon 743:– the 366:Rialto 272:Venice 260:Venice 179:Venice 104: 97: 90: 83: 75: 2370:Zecca 1904:Books 1108:Zecca 729:Zecca 109:JSTOR 95:books 2010:ISBN 1984:ISBN 1964:ISBN 1934:ISBN 1890:OCLC 1880:ISBN 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