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products in the personal computer industry" as SGI's first price breakthrough for individuals. He said Indy's video power and Indigo Magic
Desktop GUI make it "much more than a personal computer", with a sophistication that "clone companies will be slow in imitating". He summarized, "Anyone interested in the booming new field of multimedia and the convergence of personal computers with consumer electronics and telecommunications would be smitten by a serious case of techno-lust by the Indy." He said the Indy positioned SGI at the forefront of the birth of the major industry of desktop multimedia, as the best recent multimedia computer next to the Macintosh
233:
66:
773:, by which it is binary-compatible across the entire SGI family. 5.1 does not take full advantage of the hardware due to inadequate memory management. Later in 1993, SGI increased the base specification to 32 MB. IRIX 5.2 and later have much more efficient memory usage. The latest release of IRIX available for the Indy workstations is 6.5.22. Indy includes a CD of video games.
801:
25:
532:'s 66 MHz Pentium, at least in terms of published benchmark results, although that particular version of the Pentium was "still a few months off" at the time of early reviews of the machine. Indy was reportedly seen by SGI as a rival to high-end Macs in the graphics rendering market, with claims of "40 times the performance of a machine with a 68030".
168:
604:
architecture, which enhanced MIPS' floating-point arithmetic capabilities, allowing coordinate transformations to be performed faster than the XZ graphics board. However, using XZ to perform coordinate transforms does free the CPU to perform other rendering-related calculations. If the application is
440:
Sales of low-cost high-performance workstations were projected to triple from 1994 to 1999, and competition for that market increased between Sun and SGI. In
February 1995, SGI targeted "high-performance iron" at junior engineers by refreshing the Indy series with two models: the Indy Modeler PC and
833:
wrote several articles at Indy's launch, making a headline out of the standardization of a video camera on a personal computer, speculating this could mark the convergence of consumer electronics with the computer industry. On August 21, 1993, he said the Indy was "one of the most interesting new
652:
The IndyCam is a small fixed-focus digital video camera, co-developed by SGI and
Teleview Research. It can be mounted above the monitor, or hand-held. It is one of the first desktop video cameras and the first to come standard on a computer. With the bundled software, it can be used for video
575:
In an Indy with an R5000 CPU, these graphics options are called XGE, because an R5000 CPU can perform 3D geometry calculations faster than the XZ subsystems's four
Geometry Engines. As a result, all 3D is done in software. The situation is, however, reversed when the calculations are done for
808:
The
Challenge S is a variant of the Indy for low-end server usage. It has an identical case as the Indy except for the name badge, with a nearly identical motherboard, but without any graphics or sound hardware. Vestigial volume control buttons on the front are not connected to anything. The
784:, including using their files and running their applications via software emulation. One commentator remarked that using Quorum's Latitude technology, "Indy blows Macs away using the Mac's own software", also expressing similar sentiments about Windows support provided by
809:
Challenge S comes with an ISDN port and a 10 Mbit/s AUI Ethernet port. All local administration is performed by serial console to one of the two DIN-8 serial ports, which can be used to reach the PROM prompt and uses the same pin-out found on
Macintosh serial ports.
1438:
645:. A fast machine is required to capture at either of these resolutions, though; an Indy with slower R4600PC CPU, for example, may require the input resolution to be reduced before storage or processing. However, the Vino hardware is capable of
629:
connector) with a rectangular high density array of 60 pins, and is used by the IndyCam. The connector incorporates two digital video ports, but only uses the first one for input on the Indy. The protocol is similar to the
389:" chassis is comparable to a contemporary small desktop PC, and is intended to fit underneath a large CRT monitor. Designed for multimedia use, the Indy includes analog and digital I/O, 6-channel digital audio processing,
608:
These graphics take the form of two boards, vertically layered, and block both GIO option slots, making them less favorable because options such as 10/100 Ethernet and JPEG compression boards cannot be installed.
428:
in
January 1994). In March 1994, the series was refreshed with a new 150 MHz R4400 CPU, and the low end model has 8-bit color, 32 MB RAM, 535 MB hard drive, and 16-inch 1280 x 1024 monitor for
850:
magazine said "the most unique feature of the Indy system is its integrated digital media capabilities", such as IndyCam, video input port, and applications for video conferencing and multimedia creation.
518:(SC) and without (PC), have been produced for the Indy. At the same clock rate, the SC version of the processor module is generally 20 to 40 percent faster than the PC version, due to the memory cache.
507:. A number of limits, such as the series of microprocessor issues, the relatively low-powered graphics boards, lower maximum RAM amount, and relative lack of internal expansion ability compared to the
540:
Three graphics subsystems have been produced for the Indy: 8-bit XL, 24-bit XL, and 24-bit XZ. Each support a maximum resolution of 1280 × 1024 pixels at a refresh rate of 76 Hz, and have a
625:, and digital video input built into the motherboard, which collectively are known as "Vino" (video input, no output) video. The digital input is a SGI Digital Video Interface (proprietary
528:
The performance of the 100 MHz R4000 in conjunction with 500 KB of secondary cache, this cache not being provided on the base model, was described as broadly comparable to
605:
not transform-limited (limited by the speed of coordinate transformation), then the XZ option can provide significant rasterization performance advantages over the XL boards.
695:
connector at the rear side of the box. The typical drive supports boot, OS install, audio. A special ROM is required to boot from for certain device types. A small number of
879:
412: (equivalent to about $ 10,500 in 2023), without a hard drive, or diskless, and is intended for networked use. The model with 2 GB hard drive was launched at
888:
892:
374:, including using their files and running their applications via software emulation. It is the first computer to come standard with a video camera, called IndyCam.
908:
560:
applications; no hardware 3D acceleration is included. This is the first accelerator to demonstrate object-based antialiasing and exact sub-pixel lines using
617:
The Indy is the first computer to have a standard video camera, and the first SGI computer to have standard video inputs. Each Indy has an amateur quality
1652:
572:
Using a circuit board identical to that of the 8-bit XL, the 24-bit XL includes three times as much framebuffer memory to accommodate 24-bit color.
514:
As the R4600 chip itself has no L2 cache controller, an external controller is used to add 512K of L2 cache. R4600s processor modules, both with an
827:
reviewed the Indy at launch in July 1993, saying that the IndyCam and video input marked a new standard for workstations. Jonathan
Chevreau of the
596:
performance for the time, sacrificing a bit of 2D performance in return. The XZ graphics option has not been popular in Indy models that used the
576:
full-screen rendering and involve z-buffer operations (which XL does not possess). XZ graphics are rarely paired with the R5000 for this reason.
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178:
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Indy was repackaged as a server model called
Challenge S. Indy was discontinued on June 30, 1997 and support ended on December 31, 2011.
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only. The 10BASE-T port takes precedence over the AUI port; if the system detects a carrier on both ports, it will use the 10BASE-T.
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ThunderLAN chipset, under contract with SGI. Phobos also produced models of fast
Ethernet cards for the Indy (the G100 and G130).
385:
The Indy is one of the smaller form factors of the time (41 cm × 36 cm × 8 cm). The sturdy, electric-blue colored "
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and can be expanded to 256 MB. Later in 1993, that duo was updated to have the base model with a 535 MB hard drive (
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called the new Indy "low on price but high on graphics performance", noting its interoperability with Windows and Macintosh.
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433: (equivalent to $ 31,900 in 2023) and the high end has 24-bit color, 64 MB RAM, 1 GB hard drive for
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magazine called Indy "the only computer to come standard with a color digital video camera, IndyCam".
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511:, led to the Indy being pejoratively described by industry insiders as "An Indigo without the 'go'."
476:
Indy's motherboard has a socket for the Processor Module (PM). Indy was launched with a 100 MHz
417:
98:
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1983:
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Also known as "Newport" graphics and based on the REX3 chipset, these were designed for general 2D
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None of the Indy models support a video output by default, and that would require the Indy Video
355:
350:(SGI). SGI developed, manufactured, and marketed Indy as the lowest end of its product line, for
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in January 1994) and the high end with 24-bit color, 32 MB RAM, and 1 GB hard drive (
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for 1-inch tall 3.5" drives. The upper drive bay is externally accessible and may hold a SCSI
477:
450:
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1199:. Vol. 18, no. 10. Downsview, Canada: Laurentian Technomedia, Inc. pp. 8, 10.
1031:
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upgrade option. The Indy, at the bottom of SGI's price list, was then upgraded with the MIPS
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853:
792: (equivalent to $ 3,100 in 2023) to target the affordable CAD market, including Indy.
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525:
microprocessor, which offers significant advantages over the R4400 and R4600 it replaced.
458:
394:
865:
and Indy desktop PCs, which "could change the way businesspeople communicate". In 1994,
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Ethernet cards compatible with the Indy, both of which attached to the system using the
405:
and Ethernet ports. It is the first computer to include a video camera, called IndyCam.
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and SGI were trailblazers by setting audio and video as default features of the
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monitor connection. Graphics options are connected to the system using a
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capability. The R4600 appears outside the Indy line briefly once, in the
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R4600 CPU, 1 GB hard drive, 32 MB of RAM, and 20-inch monitor.
1526:. Vol. 18, no. 10. MultiMedia Healthcare Inc. pp. 81–82.
746:
bus. Set Engineering produced one such fast Ethernet card, based on the
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1392:"Autodesk ships AutoCAD(R) Designer for Silicon Graphics Workstations"
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video fields directly into the framebuffer with minimal CPU overhead.
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sgistuff.net : Hardware : Systems : Indy / Challenge S
785:
757:. An external NT1 is required to use the ISDN port in North America.
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688:
468:
drive uses 21 MB disks and standard 3.5" magnetic floppy disks.
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video compression and decompression and uses another GIO32 slot.
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drive. All external and internal drives share a single Fast
1032:"Silicon Graphics speeds Indy workstations with R4400 chip"
1128:. Vol. 65, no. 16. August 13, 1993. p. 84.
959:. Vol. 115, no. 8. August 1993. pp. 8, 98.
1616:
Remotely installing SGI IRIX 6.5 from a GNU/Linux server
660:
card. An optional CosmoCompress module offers real-time
592:) graphics into Indy. They offer very good non-textured
499:. The R4600 has higher integer performance, but lesser
185:
637:
The maximum supported input resolution is 640×480 for
521:
The Indy is the first SGI machine to utilize the QED
2008:
1992:
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1801:
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1374:Lavin, Paul (September 1993). "Multimedia reborn".
684:bus (unless a GIO32 SCSI card has been installed).
328:
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312:
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267:
249:
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90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1515:
1477:
1437:
1390:
1349:"Xcelerated, Quorum Vie For Mac-On-SPARC Business"
1268:
1230:
1190:
1119:
1075:
993:
950:
600:microprocessor. This is mostly due to the R5000's
1121:"Low-cost, high-speed SGI Indy comes with camera"
416:. The base model was launched with 16 MB of
408:The base Indy model was launched in July 1993 at
342:, code-named "Guinness", is a low-end multimedia
1262:
1260:
1258:
987:
985:
1611:SGI Indy / Silicon Graphics R4000 Architecture
1002:. Vol. 12, no. 3. pp. 58–62, 65
952:"A Workstation with Built-in Video Capability"
945:
943:
941:
1646:
1326:"Working CD-ROM Drive Poll Results for SGI's"
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653:conferencing, video editing, or video email.
461:service via cable television, based on Indy.
8:
1514:Thompson, Tom; Smith, Ben (September 1993).
1077:"SGI pumps up the techno-lust with new Indy"
584:This graphics option is a conversion of the
225:
1439:"Video input becoming workstation standard"
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1779:
1653:
1639:
1631:
753:The ISDN port provided on the Indy has no
231:
1621:NetBSD/sgimips for Indy & Challenge S
1446:. Vol. 41, no. 15. p. 30.
211:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
1395:(Press release). New York. Business Wire
817:At launch, SGI said it expected to sell
491:and the low-cost, low-power-consumption
917:
437: (equivalent to $ 47,300 in 2023).
1347:Bowen, Barry D. (September 27, 1993).
1074:Chevreau, Jonathan (August 21, 1993).
224:
1476:Chevreau, Jonathan (August 7, 1993).
1229:staff reporters (February 21, 1995).
857:magazine said in September 1993 that
738:Two different manufacturers produced
7:
1267:Chevreau, Jonathan (July 13, 1993).
1189:Del Nibletto, Paolo (October 1993).
457:created an experimental interactive
324:16 or 32 MB (up to 256 MB)
88:adding citations to reliable sources
1389:Mackles, Andrew (August 31, 1994).
1030:Lee, Yvonne L. (January 10, 1994).
332:41 cm × 36 cm × 8 cm
1310:. pp. 457–461. Archived from
1270:"SGI Indy combines camera with PC"
16:1993 graphics workstation computer
14:
1302:Rockman, Simon (September 1993).
788:. AutoCAD Designer was priced at
188:and remove advice or instruction.
34:This article has multiple issues.
362:markets. It competed with Intel
166:
64:
23:
1159:"End of Support Product Matrix"
346:introduced on July 12, 1993 by
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
1680:Silicon Graphics International
1517:"Apple, SGI blaze video trail"
992:Johnson, Amy H. (March 1994).
1:
1626:Indy Power Supply Information
715:All Indy models shipped with
348:Silicon Graphics Incorporated
244:Silicon Graphics Incorporated
1192:"Indy speeds through Canada"
1564:Smith, Ben (January 1994).
765:Indy was launched with the
727:as standard equipment. The
2133:
1423:November 26, 2013, at the
562:Bresenham's line algorithm
1479:"The multimedia frontier"
1237:The Sydney Morning Herald
230:
1378:. pp. 549–550, 552.
703:needed to do audio over
1821:Indigo² and Challenge M
1376:Personal Computer World
1308:Personal Computer World
1304:"Silicon Graphics Indy"
632:CCIR 601 Parallel Video
441:SC systems starting at
1763:Wavefront Technologies
1581:– via SGI Depot.
1418:SGIstuff - Challenge S
957:Mechanical Engineering
848:Mechanical Engineering
805:
493:Quantum Effect Devices
255:; 31 years ago
1566:"Digital-Media Power"
1165:on September 11, 2015
821:worth of Indy units.
804:Challenge S in a rack
803:
352:computer-aided design
2009:Related technologies
1871:Origin and Onyx 3000
1436:DB (July 22, 1993).
1355:. pp. SF4, SF20
1314:on January 17, 2004.
1232:"Low-end sales boom"
366:computers, and with
186:rewrite this article
84:improve this article
2041:Interactive Desktop
1984:Reality Coprocessor
776:Indy competed with
691:drives connect via
227:
1907:Visual Workstation
1353:Open Systems Today
1336:on April 14, 2012.
806:
356:desktop publishing
2099:
2098:
1936:Graphics hardware
1930:
1929:
1732:Abbey Silverstone
1596:Reputable Systems
1444:Electronic Design
825:Electronic Design
748:Texas Instruments
672:The Indy has two
451:Time Warner Cable
393:, and inputs for
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179:a manual or guide
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2112:SGI workstations
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1674:Silicon Graphics
1661:Silicon Graphics
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1601:IP22 - LinuxMIPS
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286:$ 5,000-$ 16,495
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275:June 30, 1997
271:June 30, 1997
270:
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260:July 12, 1993
253:July 12, 1993
252:
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175:This article
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143:
140:November 2014
132:
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104:
101: –
100:
96:
95:Find sources:
89:
85:
79:
78:
73:This article
71:
67:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2021:Image format
1825:
1758:Kroyer Films
1741:Acquisitions
1575:. Retrieved
1569:
1559:
1549:– via
1543:. Retrieved
1521:
1509:
1499:– via
1493:. Retrieved
1483:
1471:
1461:– via
1455:. Retrieved
1443:
1431:
1413:
1403:– via
1397:. Retrieved
1384:
1375:
1369:
1357:. Retrieved
1352:
1342:
1334:the original
1329:
1320:
1312:the original
1307:
1297:
1287:– via
1281:. Retrieved
1274:
1247:– via
1241:. Retrieved
1239:. p. 49
1236:
1224:
1214:– via
1208:. Retrieved
1196:
1167:. Retrieved
1163:the original
1153:
1143:– via
1137:. Retrieved
1125:
1097:– via
1091:. Retrieved
1081:
1050:Google Books
1048:– via
1042:. Retrieved
1040:. p. 31
1035:
1004:. Retrieved
999:
995:"SGI's Indy"
974:– via
968:. Retrieved
956:
873:SGI timeline
866:
852:
847:
843:
836:Quadra 840AV
828:
824:
823:
816:
807:
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764:
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475:
463:
439:
407:
384:
376:
339:
337:
316:100 MHz
268:Discontinued
240:Manufacturer
222:
207:
191:
184:Please help
176:
146:
137:
127:
120:
113:
106:
94:
82:Please help
77:verification
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
2117:SGI servers
2091:Nintendo 64
1861:Origin 2000
1722:Marc Hannah
1697:Kurt Akeley
1682:(2009–2016)
1676:(1981–2009)
1279:. p. 7
1197:Info Canada
1169:January 11,
1000:UNIX Review
819:$ 1 billion
796:Challenge S
733:half-duplex
634:interface.
505:SGI Indigo²
344:workstation
2106:Categories
1979:IrisVision
1856:Origin 200
912:References
740:100BASE-TX
731:ports are
711:Networking
674:drive bays
509:SGI Indigo
360:multimedia
329:Dimensions
250:Introduced
194:March 2021
110:newspapers
99:"SGI Indy"
39:improve it
2031:WorkSpace
1846:Challenge
1727:Herb Kuta
1540:217797442
1532:0360-5280
1452:0013-4872
1359:March 26,
1205:1187-7081
1134:217148786
1037:InfoWorld
1006:March 27,
965:230145198
863:Macintosh
813:Reception
782:Macintosh
687:External
678:floptical
619:composite
466:floptical
410:US$ 5,000
401:. It has
395:composite
387:pizza box
372:Macintosh
313:Frequency
291:Processor
45:talk page
2086:NUMAlink
1993:Monitors
1792:SGI IRIS
1773:Computer
1577:March 5,
1551:ProQuest
1545:March 5,
1536:ProQuest
1495:March 5,
1457:March 5,
1421:Archived
1405:ProQuest
1399:March 5,
1283:March 6,
1243:March 6,
1216:ProQuest
1210:March 5,
1145:ProQuest
1139:March 5,
1130:ProQuest
1093:March 5,
1044:March 5,
976:ProQuest
970:March 5,
961:ProQuest
761:Software
729:Ethernet
721:10BASE-T
701:firmware
552:8-bit XL
546:GIO32bis
536:Graphics
516:L2 cache
443:$ 15,800
435:$ 22,995
431:$ 15,495
426:$ 16,495
381:Hardware
2071:OpenLDI
2061:IRIS GL
1954:Extreme
1895:Itanium
1831:Crimson
1811:IRIS 4D
1667:Company
1490:Toronto
1088:Toronto
790:$ 1,500
778:Windows
668:Storage
623:S-Video
602:MIPS IV
588:'s XZ (
586:Indigo²
455:US West
422:$ 5,995
414:$ 7,500
399:S-Video
368:Windows
354:(CAD),
273: (
258: (
124:scholar
2066:OpenGL
2036:4Sight
2000:1600SW
1959:Impact
1899:x86-64
1841:Octane
1816:Indigo
1690:People
1538:
1530:
1450:
1203:
1132:
963:
786:SoftPC
697:CD-ROM
689:CD-ROM
647:DMAing
495:(QED)
358:, and
321:Memory
126:
119:
112:
105:
97:
1922:Virtu
1917:Prism
1912:Altix
1891:IA-32
1881:Tezro
1866:Onyx2
1463:EBSCO
859:Apple
744:GIO32
658:GIO32
627:D-sub
613:Video
598:R5000
548:bus.
530:Intel
523:R5000
497:R4600
489:R4400
481:R4000
307:R5000
305:, or
303:R4600
299:R4400
295:R4000
131:JSTOR
117:books
2051:4Dwm
2046:Xsgi
2016:IRIX
1964:VPro
1949:Elan
1876:Fuel
1851:Onyx
1826:Indy
1803:MIPS
1753:Cray
1579:2021
1571:Byte
1547:2021
1528:ISSN
1523:Byte
1497:2021
1459:2021
1448:ISSN
1401:2021
1361:2022
1285:2021
1245:2021
1212:2021
1201:ISSN
1171:2009
1141:2021
1095:2021
1046:2021
1008:2022
972:2021
867:Byte
854:Byte
838:and
780:and
769:5.1
767:IRIX
725:ISDN
705:SCSI
693:SCSI
682:SCSI
662:JPEG
639:NTSC
590:Elan
542:13W3
478:MIPS
453:and
403:ISDN
397:and
391:SCSI
370:and
340:Indy
338:The
283:Cost
226:Indy
103:news
2081:XIO
2076:GIO
2056:XFS
2026:MEX
755:NT1
717:AUI
643:PAL
558:X11
483:PC
472:CPU
447:MHz
418:RAM
364:x86
86:by
2108::
1897:,
1893:,
1836:O2
1568:.
1534:.
1520:.
1488:.
1482:.
1442:.
1351:.
1328:.
1306:.
1273:.
1257:^
1235:.
1195:.
1179:^
1124:.
1107:^
1086:.
1080:.
1058:^
1034:.
1016:^
998:.
984:^
955:.
920:^
842:.
707:.
621:,
594:3D
580:XZ
564:.
301:,
297:,
48:.
1654:e
1647:t
1640:v
1553:.
1503:.
1465:.
1407:.
1363:.
1291:.
1251:.
1218:.
1173:.
1147:.
1101:.
1052:.
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978:.
719:/
277:)
262:)
214:)
208:(
196:)
192:(
181:.
153:)
147:(
142:)
138:(
128:·
121:·
114:·
107:·
80:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
