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SNX8

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841: 1054: 629: 198: 1511: 77: 27: 1275:. The construction of these tubules, which is important for SNX-mediated endosomal sorting, experiments an important acceleration during this transition process; therefore, it is suggested that SNX8 may be involved in the transport of endogenous acid environment-requiring cargo. In addition, as SNX8 interacts with elements of the 1566:. The bar plot on the right shows the proportion of tumor samples from 15 cancer types that have any kind of altering mutations in the given protein. Moreover, some studies seem to draw an important relationship between different type of cancers and SNX8 expression; although most of the patients with 1364:
Several case studies studying deletions in the 7p22.3 genomic region, where the SNX8 gene is located, found that it contributes to neurodevelopmental problems with considerable impairments in the motor, cognitive and socio-emotional areas, with malformations in the heart and craniofacial structures,
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Mastromoro, Gioia; Capalbo, Anna; Guido, Cristiana Alessia; Torres, Barbara; Fabbretti, Maria; Traversa, Alice; Giancotti, Antonella; Ventriglia, Flavia; Bernardini, Laura; Spalice, Alberto; Pizzuti, Antonio (September 2019). "Small 7p22.3 microdeletion: Case report of Snx8 haploinsufficiency and
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It is suggested that SNX8 participates in the development of the embryonic cardiac tissue since the gene is expressed with cells within the area of heart. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that SNX8 activity has been associated to sortin nexin L, a protein of the same family encoded by the
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Rendu, John; Satre, Véronique; Testard, Hervé; Devillard, Francoise; Vieville, Gaëlle; Fauré, Julien; Amblard, Florence; Jouk, Pierre-Simon; Coutton, Charles (August 2014). "7p22.3 microdeletion disrupting SNX8 in a patient presenting with intellectual disability but no tetralogy of Fallot".
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compartments by acting as an intracellular cholesterol transport inhibitor. On the other hand, SNX8 overexpression induces intracellular clustering of cholesterol under conditions of high cellular cholesterol levels and aggravates abnormal distribution of cholesterol. In relation to the
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which are very relevant in relation to its functions. Furthermore, SNX8 study is motivated by its medical significance in relation to diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease, cancer, neurodevelopmental malformations and to its role in fighting against viral infections.
1498:, one of the most common cyanotic congenital heart defects. Nevertheless, evidence demonstrates the existence of patients with SNX8 deletion whose cardiac tissue development does not experience any alteration. Finally, although cardiac malformation requires SNX8 2060:
Liang, Xiao-Dong; Zhang, Yun-Na; Liu, Chun-Chun; Chen, Jing; Chen, Xiong-Nan; Sattar Baloch, Abdul; Zhou, Bin (1 November 2019). "U18666A inhibits classical swine fever virus replication through interference with intracellular cholesterol trafficking".
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allows them to assembly in a dose-dependent manner a helical coat with the capacity to detect, promote and stabilize the curvature of endosomal vesicular membranes into tubular profiles during the so-called incidence detection process, specially in
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and trafficking is the main cause of multiple human disorders. For example, some studies suggest that SNX8 deletions might produce cardiac malformations since its function in normal cholesterol levels regulations would be completely impaired.
288:, which is located between amino acids 256 and 440. Its ability to form coatings in membranes in order to induce their curvature is key in SNX8 participation in tubular structures formation. Furthermore, SNX8 C-terminus contains a 1020:: it remains unaltered in conditions of moderate high concentrations of cholesterol, and it experiments a decrease in conditions of restricted levels of cholesterol due to the action of the fungus-derived cholesterol-lowering 394:
by exerting forces on these structures. The biological functions of SNX8 that have been studied, all of which involve its role in intracellular endosomal transport, are explained in more detail in the following sections.
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Vanzo, Rena J.; Martin, Megan M.; Sdano, Mallory R.; Teta, Kathie; South, Sarah T. (August 2014). "Correspondence regarding SNX8 haploinsufficiency and its potential for cardiac anomalies including tetralogy of Fallot".
840: 92:. It is suggested that it acts as an adaptor protein in events related to immune response and cholesterol regulation, for example. As a protein of the SNXs family, the SNX8 is formed of 465 aminoacids and presents a 124:
family of proteins, which mainly contain two functional membrane-binding that allow SNXs to have different roles in endosomal sorting and protein trafficking thanks to its membrane curvature ability. To begin with,
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Richards, Elliott G.; Zaveri, Hitisha P.; Wolf, Varina L.; Kang, Sung-Hae Lee; Scott, Daryl A. (July 2011). "Delineation of a less than 200 kb minimal deleted region for cardiac malformations on chromosome 7p22".
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pathway, SNX8 is not able to successfully reduce the inhibitory impact of cholesterol on SREBP-mediated transcription, but it has an important effect that counteracts the block of this pathway triggered by the
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Xie, Yongzhuang; Niu, Mengxi; Ji, Chengxiang; Huang, Timothy Y.; Zhang, Cuilin; Tian, Ye; Shi, Zhun; Wang, Chen; Zhao, Yingjun; Luo, Hong; Can, Dan; Xu, Huaxi; Zhang, Yun-wu; Zhang, Xian (6 September 2019).
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to sense, stabilize and induce membrane curvature. The SNX-BAR proteins that contain both domains are a part of phosphoinositide-enriched, high-curvature tubular micro-domains of the endo-lysosomal network.
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Vanzo, Rena J.; Martin, Megan M.; Sdano, Mallory R.; Teta, Kathie; Aggarwal, Vimla; South, Sarah T. (February 2014). "SNX8: A candidate gene for 7p22 cardiac malformations including tetralogy of fallot".
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in some cases. This idea is supported by the fact that the overlapping deleted regions of the different patients of these studies contained SNX8, which suggests that it is one of the accountable genes.
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Tertiary structure of the SNX9 which gives an idea of the tertiary structure of the SNX8, since primary structure shares 20% sequence identity and 0.3 sequence similarity with SNX8 primary structure.
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and tubular structures, it has been demonstrated that sorting involving recycling pathways is mainly tubule-mediated. Therefore, tubular structures building is essential for the activity of
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Chatterjee, Sandipan; Szustakowski, Joseph D.; Nanguneri, Nirmala R.; Mickanin, Craig; Labow, Mark A.; Nohturfft, Axel; Dev, Kumlesh K.; Sivasankaran, Rajeev; Xu, Aimin (21 April 2009).
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in positions 95 and 126 that are key in its function in the IFNγ-triggered IKKβ-mediated noncanonical signaling pathway. Overall, the PX domain main function is to target SNX8 mainly to
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Wei, Jin; Lian, Huan; Guo, Wei; Chen, Yun-Da; Zhang, Xia-Nan; Zang, Ru; Zhong, Li; Yang, Qing; Hu, Ming-Ming; Luo, Wei-Wei; Shu, Hong-Bing; Li, Shu; Feng, Pinghui (15 October 2018).
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due to its role in endosomal content sorting. Neuropathic pain is a chronic debilitating pain condition caused by a nervous system lesion or dysfunction, which usually emerges after
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Eberlé, Delphine; Hegarty, Bronwyn; Bossard, Pascale; Ferré, Pascal; Foufelle, Fabienne (November 2004). "SREBP transcription factors: master regulators of lipid homeostasis".
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Simplified scheme of DNA-triggered SNX8-mediated association of MITA and VPS34, and its intracellular transport pathway from RE to perinuclear microsomes via Golgi apparatus.
45: 247:, which is located between amino acids 71 and 181. A homology domain with yeast's PX domain is localized between amino acids 75 and 178 within this same domain. As it is a 2163:
Glenner, George G.; Wong, Caine W. (May 1984). "Alzheimer's disease: Initial report of the purification and characterization of a novel cerebrovascular amyloid protein".
659:, a central adaptor protein in the innate immune response to DNA viral infections that activates and onsets the antiviral response, by allowing its association with the 1458:(Sendai virus) through VISA-mediated activation of the IFNβ promoter; murine cells expressing SNX8 under this infection showed a higher expression and secretion of 1101:
processed through two parallel pathways: an amyloidogenic pathway via acidified late endosomes and a non-amyloidogenic or anti-myloidogenic retrograde pathway via
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3-phosphate since being specific binding sites, constituting a phosphoinositid binding site with a span of 40 amino acids. Furthermore, it includes a pair of
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in blood and a reduced presence of viral accumulations, which resulted in a reduction of SeV lethality, in comparison to SNX8-negative induced murine cells.
973:. Although its precise mechanism of action remains unknown, data suggests that SNX8 produces changes in cholesterol distribution through regulation of the 1812:
van Weering, Jan R.T.; Verkade, Paul; Cullen, Peter J. (January 2012). "SNX-BAR-Mediated Endosome Tubulation is Co-ordinated with Endosome Maturation".
783: 197: 786:. Overall, it participates in a series of chemical reactions and molecular interactions that lead to the selective promotion of a particular subset of 2644:
Lin, Tzer-Bin; Lai, Cheng-Yuan; Hsieh, Ming-Chun; Wang, Hsueh-Hsiao; Cheng, Jen-Kun; Chau, Yat-Pang; Chen, Gin-Den; Peng, Hsien-Yu (4 November 2015).
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compartmentalization through the production of cholesterol cargoes. This last possibility is supported by the fact that the ability of altering
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Dyve, Anne Berit; Bergan, Jonas; Utskarpen, Audrun; Sandvig, Kirsten (December 2009). "Sorting nexin 8 regulates endosome-to-Golgi transport".
856:, resulting in the stimulation of its association with Sxn8 above standard constitutive levels. The link between these two protein within the 2198:
Rosenthal, Samantha L; Wang, Xingbin; Demirci, F Yesim; Barmada, Michael M; Ganguli, Mary; Lopez, Oscar L; Kamboh, M Ilyas (13 August 2012).
529:-mediated antiviral response activation such as the intermediates of this pathway TBK1, IRF3, IκBα or ISRE. IRF3 cooperative activation with 359:
in a retromer-mediated manner. SNX8 is therefore localized in early endosomes, as its colocalization with components of the retromer such as
149:(Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs) domain is a key regulator of phosphoinositide-mediated, tubular-based endosomal sorting. Accordingly, this domain also 844:
Simplified scheme of SNX8 participation in the IFNγ-triggered IKKβ-mediated noncanonical signaling pathway (autophosphorylation not shown).
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Reyes-Gibby, Cielito C.; Wang, Jian; Yeung, Sai-Ching J.; Chaftari, Patrick; Yu, Robert K.; Hanna, Ehab Y.; Shete, Sanjay (8 June 2018).
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This bar plot shows the proportion of tumor samples from 15 cancer types that have any kind of altering mutation(s) in the given protein.
1432:-mediated activation of the IFNβ promoter; murine cells expressing SNX8 under this infection showed a higher expression and secretion of 1664:
Muirhead, Gillian; Dev, Kumlesh K. (2014). "The Expression of Neuronal Sorting Nexin 8 (SNX8) Exacerbates Abnormal Cholesterol Levels".
1392:-mediated noncanonical signaling pathway; murine cells expressing SNX8 under this infection showed a higher expression and secretion of 880: 436: 1365:
with developmental, intellectual and language delay, with mild intellectual disability and with cognitive impairment associated with
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The SNX8 protein, even though is very similar to the other sorting nexins, presents a domain structure which resembles the most to
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treatment. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that other SNXs activity has also been identified with other pain conditions.
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whose activation is important in the activation of the IFNβ promoter transcription. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that
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presented low or any concentrations of SNX8. The rationale behind this differential phenotype of SNX8 synthesis remains unclear.
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Guo, Wei; Wei, Jin; Zhong, Xuan; Zang, Ru; Lian, Huan; Hu, Ming-Ming; Li, Shu; Shu, Hong-Bing; Yang, Qing (11 September 2019).
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involved in the innate immune response against this type of infections; this process is critical in the recruitment of other
427:-mediated activation of the IFNβ promoter that leads to host defense in a dose-dependent manner. It positively regulates the 787: 637: 409: 315:
protein, the MVP1 encoded by the also homolog gene Mvp1p, which also plays a role by mediating transport of cargo to the
379:). Furthermore, the dynamics of endosomal structures with SNX8-enriched membrane domains are regulated by the opposite 798: 323:
compartments. For this reason, its investigation can lead to a better understanding of SNX8 functions in human cells.
2114:"SNX8 Enhances Non-amyloidogenic APP Trafficking and Attenuates Aβ Accumulation and Memory Deficits in an AD Mouse" 1510: 214: 2468: 2589:"Genome-wide association study identifies genes associated with neuropathy in patients with head and neck cancer" 1321: 1149: 1137: 1106: 1090: 1082: 1062: 802: 727: 660: 452: 300:, resulting in a phosphothreonine and a phosphoserine. Therefore, there are classified as phosphorylation sites. 1607: 2646:"VPS26A–SNX27 Interaction-Dependent mGluR5 Recycling in Dorsal Horn Neurons Mediates Neuropathic Pain in Rats" 1748:"SNX8 mediates IFNγ-triggered noncanonical signaling pathway and host defense against Listeria monocytogenes" 1482:
gene, which plays a role in the development of the embryonic liver. Deletions of chromosome 7p22 that induce
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Simplified scheme of APP traffic and its amyloidogenic and non-amyloidogenic proteolytic degradative pathways
694:. This MITA transport pathway is vital for the immune response to start. SNX8 is suggested to play a role in 1156: 1017: 872: 794: 699: 691: 644: 538: 416: 297: 251:-binding domain, it is important to highlight amino acids 109, 135 and 148 as residues directly related to 221:
shown in the model above. Overall, the SNX8 protein is integrated by one unique peptide chain that has 465
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Hunt, Sylvie D.; Townley, Anna K.; Danson, Chris M.; Cullen, Peter J.; Stephens, David J. (1 June 2013).
1256:(TEN) around the endosomal vacuole, which is an important compartment for successful sorting of cargoes. 1066: 978: 723: 448: 848:
Specifically, the steps of this pathway that are regulated by SNX8 are the following. The reception of
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is a sorting nexin protein involved in intracellular molecular traffic from the early endosomes to the
1352:(rs2286206 and rs10249052) within the human SNX8 gene locus have also been associated with late-onset 2600: 2506: 1759: 1543: 1448: 1425: 1233: 1224: 936: 683: 655:-mediated activation of the IFNβ promoter in a dose-dependent manner. It regulates the activation of 514: 487: 428: 348: 267: 252: 248: 130: 2011:"SNX8 modulates innate immune response to DNA virus by mediating trafficking and activation of MITA" 1495: 526: 424: 356: 89: 1746:
Wei, Jin; Guo, Wei; Lian, Huan; Yang, Qing; Lin, Heng; Li, Shu; Shu, Hong-Bing (5 December 2017).
2447: 2403: 2359: 2312: 2268: 2086: 1986: 1837: 1689: 1583: 1563: 1499: 1483: 952: 790: 640: 412: 1949:"SNX8 modulates the innate immune response to RNA viruses by regulating the aggregation of VISA" 505:
of SNX8 are necessary for this linkage. The formation of the SNX8-VISA complex potentiates VISA
2717: 2693: 2675: 2626: 2569: 2534: 2439: 2395: 2351: 2304: 2260: 2221: 2180: 2145: 2078: 2042: 1978: 1924: 1875: 1829: 1787: 1681: 1575: 1567: 1459: 1433: 1393: 1349: 908: 810: 312: 150: 2665: 2657: 2616: 2608: 2561: 2524: 2514: 2431: 2387: 2343: 2296: 2252: 2211: 2172: 2135: 2125: 2070: 2032: 2022: 1968: 1960: 1914: 1906: 1895:"Microtubule motors mediate endosomal sorting by maintaining functional domain organization" 1867: 1821: 1777: 1767: 1673: 1587: 1491: 1385: 1118: 928: 849: 830: 779: 592:
remains unclear, although two options have been suggested: translocation of viral RNA-bound
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It is also worth mentioning the existing coupling of tubular structures formation and the
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stability, which is responsible for a longer lifespan, without having any effect in its
189:(Src homology 3) and RA (Ras-associated), are involved in protein-protein interactions. 2670: 2645: 2621: 2588: 2529: 2494: 2216: 2199: 2140: 2113: 2037: 2010: 1973: 1948: 1919: 1894: 1782: 1747: 1571: 1559: 1325: 1126: 1114: 892: 888: 876: 861: 857: 853: 775: 604:
may result in a conformational switch that would increase its affinity for SNX8 or the
585: 522: 510: 440: 352: 226: 2495:"Identification of Novel Genes and Pathways Regulating SREBP Transcriptional Activity" 2176: 2711: 2407: 2090: 1990: 1825: 1522:
levels regulation is markedly relevant since disruption of intracellular cholesterol
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production (specifically, production of Aβ40 and Aβ42) . In addition, SNX8 improves
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and the drug U18666a which promotes cytosolic cholesterol clustering within the
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in position 456 which can go through post-traductional changes that induces its
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
133:(PI)-binding domain. The preferential interaction of this domain with membrane 1964: 1677: 1539: 1523: 1336:. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that SNX8 overexpression mediated by 1332:. Some studies found that SNX8 levels were drastically lower in patients with 1228: 1212: 1024: 948: 502: 495: 484: 483:
in later stages results in a reduction of this phenomenon). Structurally, the
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which present direct antimicrobial activity. In addition, SNX8 enhances the
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the targeting of proteins to phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI(3)P) to
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regions related to memory and cognition are a defining characteristic of
1284: 1280: 1276: 1264: 1260: 1253: 1249: 1236:-enriched regions where they are localized thanks to the affinity of the 1200: 1180: 1164: 1094: 1093:
that reaches the membrane without being severed can be internalized into
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Finally, SNX8 also plays an antiviral role against RNA viruses such as
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Relationship between cardiac malformations and cholesterol regulation
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It has been observed that variation in cholesterol levels alter SNX8
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SNX8 primary structure highlighting relevant domains and amino acids.
158: 1711:"SNX8 sorting nexin 8 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI" 935:(Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins), which is a family of 1538:(single nucleotide polymorphisms) in the SNX8 gene are related to 1479: 1444: 1404: 1305: 1287:
and the generation of tubular profiles from vesicular structures.
1052: 967: 932: 839: 818: 747: 593: 569: 554: 550: 506: 372: 309: 185:(postsynaptic density protein-95, discs-large, zona occludens-1), 178: 134: 1125:(Aβ) peptide that accumulates in extracellular locations forming 475:. During the early stage of the infection, SNX8 association with 1451:
lethality, in comparison to SNX8-negative induced murine cells.
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lethality, in comparison to SNX8-negative induced murine cells.
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levels, a stimulated distribution throughout the outer face of
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in position 177 (as SNX8 lacks enzymatic activity) and further
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of one of these proteins allowing the translocation of SNX8 to
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components. Although SNX8's standard localization includes the
390:, both of which allow SNX8-mediated cargo movement through the 20: 1554:
Some mutations of SNX8 have been related to certain types of
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maduration processes from early endosomes to late endosomes
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IFNγ-triggered IKKβ-mediated noncanonical signaling pathway
805:, which participate in host defense against intracellular 966:; this results in an overall regulation of intracellular 1136:
to other cellular locations, leading to an increase of
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events rather than by interacting with proteins of the
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inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa-B kinase subunit beta
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activation, its accumulation allows the recruitment of
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genome contains 12 genes coding for SNX-BAR proteins (
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mice. It is also important mentioning that a pair of
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has been demonstrated by some studies (and also with
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showed high levels of SNX8, almost any patient with
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increases above constitutive levels (degradation of
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remains unknown, it theoretically resembles that of
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Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
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Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
1132:SNX8 promotes non-amyloidogenic transport from the 1081:soluble fragment sAPPα is produced as a product of 674:translocation complex; this linkage is crucial for 36:
may be too technical for most readers to understand
1420:In addition, SNX8 plays an antiviral role against 782:, which takes places parallelly to the more known 580:-mediated activation of the IFNβ promoter, since 327:Biological functions and its molecular mechanisms 1279:, it is important to highlight the role of both 1443:in blood and a decreased presence of cerebral 1328:and suppresses cognitive impairment caused by 742:. Examples of genes whose DNA virus-triggered 2204:American Journal of Neurodegenerative Disease 666:-containing translocon machinery to form the 8: 1486:of SNX8 among other genes (FTSJ2, NUDTI and 1344:levels and reversed cognitive impairment in 1144:, an enhanced sAPPα secretion and a reduced 1121:, resulting in production of the neurotoxic 1065:(APP) is consecutively transported from the 1009:curvature is shared by some proteins of the 636:SNX8 is a key component in the induction of 537:leads to the induction of the IFNβ promoter 408:SNX8 is a key component in the induction of 2424:American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 2336:American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 2289:American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 2245:American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 1403:in blood and lower presence of bacteria in 1227:-mediated endosomal sorting proteins. This 1049:Intracellular non-amyloidogenic APP traffic 181:, SNX32 and SNX33). Other domains, such as 903:activation through autophosphorylation at 2669: 2620: 2528: 2518: 2215: 2139: 2129: 2036: 2026: 1972: 1918: 1781: 1771: 64:Learn how and when to remove this message 48:, without removing the technical details. 1509: 1283:in the coordinated relationship between 627: 588:. The mechanism for SNX8 recruitment to 196: 75: 1599: 1244:. In particular, SNX8 colocalizes with 977:transcriptional activity by modulating 947:needed for the synthesis and uptake of 899:complex. This linkage is essential for 784:IFNγ-induced JAK-STAT1 mediated pathway 568:In addition, SNX8 also plays a role in 997:pathway components or if it regulates 624:Cytosolic DNA virus-triggered response 404:Cytosolic RNA virus-triggered response 2463: 2461: 2328: 2326: 2237: 2235: 2106: 2104: 2102: 2100: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1853: 1851: 1705: 1703: 1378:SNX8 plays an antiviral role against 1105:. The amyloidogenic pathway leads to 883:by permitting the recruitment of the 678:transport from the ER to perinuclear 661:class III phosphatylinositol 3 kinase 46:make it understandable to non-experts 7: 2380:European Journal of Medical Genetics 1942: 1940: 1938: 1807: 1805: 1803: 1801: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1659: 1657: 1655: 1653: 1627: 1625: 1623: 1621: 1326:Aβ plaques and deposit accumulations 1320:: it enhances the non-amyloidogenic 1953:Cellular & Molecular Immunology 1447:, which resulted in a reduction of 1411:, which resulted in a reduction of 706:in position 366 and recruiting the 447:and other compartments such as the 351:of intracellular proteins from the 337:endosome-to-Golgi transport pathway 2118:Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 1069:after its synthesis to the plasma 584:works as an intermediate for both 213:'s; for this reason, although its 14: 1666:Journal of Molecular Neuroscience 1291:Medical and clinical significance 991:SREBP cleavage-activating protein 746:is stimulated by SNX8 are IFNB1, 728:ER-Golgi intermediate compartment 453:ER-Golgi intermediate compartment 284:SNX contains a BAR domain in its 243:SNX8 contains a PX domain in its 1826:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2011.01297.x 1324:pathway and, hence, reduces the 1195:Construction of tubular profiles 758:(being IFNB1 and IL6 related to 722:, and that SNX8 localization in 610:post-translational modifications 561:(being IL6 and IFNB1 related to 525:components which play a role in 274:BAR Domain-containing C-terminus 25: 680:microsomal punctuate structures 463:, it is partially localized at 345:endosomal sorting and signaling 233:PX Domain-containing N-terminus 2694:"Expression of SNX8 in cancer" 2662:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2587-15.2015 881:adaptor or scaffolding protein 879:-SNX, and the SNX8 acts as an 871:in positions 95 and 126. This 1: 2177:10.1016/S0006-291X(84)80190-4 2566:10.1016/j.biochi.2004.09.018 2520:10.1371/journal.pone.0005197 2075:10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.108436 2028:10.1371/journal.ppat.1007336 1360:Neurodevelopmental disorders 1281:subcomplexes of the retromer 837:in a dose-dependent manner. 266:and other membranes rich in 1300:Insoluble accumulations of 1077:; during this traffic, the 833:-induced activation of the 270:3-phosphate phospholipids. 137:makes the main function of 2734: 2613:10.1038/s41598-018-27070-4 2392:10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.103772 1872:10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.09.076 1043:insulin-induced gene INSIG 770:SNX8 is a component of an 549:is stimulated by SNX8 are 541:. Examples of genes whose 531:NF-κB transcription factor 353:early endosome compartment 277: 236: 113: 1965:10.1038/s41423-019-0285-2 1678:10.1007/s12031-013-0209-z 1254:tubular endosomal network 1063:amyloid precursor protein 708:transcription factor IRF3 651:, as it is necessary for 616:for its interaction with 423:, as it is necessary for 331:SNX8 is thought to be an 145:. On the other hand, the 2378:neurological findings". 2131:10.3389/fncel.2019.00410 1310:Alzheimer's Disease (AD) 1267:lumen and a switch from 335:protein involved in the 2698:The Human Protein Atlas 2650:Journal of Neuroscience 2063:Veterinary Microbiology 1899:Journal of Cell Science 1773:10.1073/pnas.1713462114 1295: 923:SNX8 protein regulates 774:-mediated noncanonical 1612:SWISS-MODEL Repository 1515: 1414:Listeria monocytogenes 1381:Listeria monocytogenes 1338:adeno-associated virus 1242:membrane phospholipids 1058: 919:Cholesterol regulation 845: 738:is similar to that of 633: 399:Innate immune response 292:in position 452 and a 202: 81: 1513: 1473:Cardiac malformations 1252:membranes and at the 1201:endosomal compartment 1056: 979:intracellular traffic 937:transcription factors 860:-SNX8 complex allows 843: 692:intracellular traffic 631: 200: 110:Sorting nexins (SNXs) 79: 2436:10.1002/ajmg.a.36572 2348:10.1002/ajmg.a.36242 2301:10.1002/ajmg.a.36566 2257:10.1002/ajmg.a.34041 1715:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 1544:head and neck cancer 1285:endosomal maturation 799:IFNγ-induced GTPases 488:transmembrane domain 386:containing LIC1 and 349:retrograde transport 268:phosphatidylinositol 253:phosphatidylinositol 120:SNX8 belongs to the 2656:(44): 14943–14955. 2605:2018NatSR...8.8789R 2511:2009PLoSO...4.5197C 2473:www.phosphosite.org 1764:2017PNAS..11413000W 1758:(49): 13000–13005. 1496:tetralogy of Fallot 1484:happloinsufficiency 1296:Alzheimer's disease 1173:recycling endosomes 1167:and partially with 1075:trans-Golgi network 864:to catalyse SNX8's 357:trans-Golgi network 347:. It downregulates 339:, participating in 90:trans-golgi network 2593:Scientific Reports 1911:10.1242/jcs.122317 1564:endometrial cancer 1516: 1500:haploinsufficiency 1374:Antiviral activity 1059: 846: 811:secretion proteins 718:colocalize in the 634: 586:signaling pathways 431:and activation of 215:terciary structure 203: 82: 1959:(11): 1126–1135. 1905:(11): 2493–2501. 960:triacylglycerides 939:that control the 778:triggered by the 776:signaling pathway 74: 73: 66: 2725: 2702: 2701: 2690: 2684: 2683: 2673: 2641: 2635: 2634: 2624: 2584: 2578: 2577: 2549: 2543: 2542: 2532: 2522: 2490: 2484: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2465: 2456: 2455: 2430:(8): 2136–2137. 2418: 2412: 2411: 2374: 2368: 2367: 2330: 2321: 2320: 2295:(8): 2133–2135. 2283: 2277: 2276: 2251:(7): 1729–1734. 2239: 2230: 2229: 2219: 2195: 2189: 2188: 2160: 2154: 2153: 2143: 2133: 2108: 2095: 2094: 2057: 2051: 2050: 2040: 2030: 2021:(10): e1007336. 2006: 1995: 1994: 1976: 1944: 1933: 1932: 1922: 1890: 1884: 1883: 1855: 1846: 1845: 1809: 1796: 1795: 1785: 1775: 1743: 1726: 1725: 1723: 1721: 1707: 1698: 1697: 1661: 1648: 1647: 1645: 1643: 1629: 1616: 1615: 1604: 1588:carcinoid cancer 1531:Neuropathic pain 1492:craniosynostosis 1490:) seem to cause 1316:role related to 1225:phosphoinositide 815:chemokine family 780:interferon gamma 249:phosphoinositide 131:phosphoinositide 69: 62: 58: 55: 49: 29: 28: 21: 2733: 2732: 2728: 2727: 2726: 2724: 2723: 2722: 2708: 2707: 2706: 2705: 2692: 2691: 2687: 2643: 2642: 2638: 2586: 2585: 2581: 2560:(11): 839–848. 2551: 2550: 2546: 2492: 2491: 2487: 2477: 2475: 2467: 2466: 2459: 2420: 2419: 2415: 2376: 2375: 2371: 2332: 2331: 2324: 2285: 2284: 2280: 2241: 2240: 2233: 2197: 2196: 2192: 2162: 2161: 2157: 2110: 2109: 2098: 2059: 2058: 2054: 2008: 2007: 1998: 1946: 1945: 1936: 1892: 1891: 1887: 1857: 1856: 1849: 1811: 1810: 1799: 1745: 1744: 1729: 1719: 1717: 1709: 1708: 1701: 1663: 1662: 1651: 1641: 1639: 1637:www.uniprot.org 1631: 1630: 1619: 1606: 1605: 1601: 1596: 1558:, specially to 1552: 1533: 1508: 1475: 1376: 1362: 1314:neuroprotective 1298: 1293: 1265:early endosomes 1250:early endosomes 1234:phosphoinosited 1203:is composed of 1197: 1189:Golgi apparatus 1165:early endosomes 1134:Golgi apparatus 1103:Golgi apparatus 1099:proteolytically 1097:in order to be 1079:neuroprotective 1051: 921: 913:oligomerization 873:phosphorylation 869:phosphorylation 768: 700:phosphorylation 647:in response to 643:antiviral gene 626: 535:phosphorylation 457:Golgi apparatus 437:adaptor protein 419:in response to 415:antiviral gene 406: 401: 329: 306: 298:phosphorylation 282: 276: 264:early endosomes 241: 235: 195: 118: 112: 107: 70: 59: 53: 50: 42:help improve it 39: 30: 26: 19: 12: 11: 5: 2731: 2729: 2721: 2720: 2710: 2709: 2704: 2703: 2685: 2636: 2579: 2544: 2485: 2469:"SNX8 (human)" 2457: 2413: 2369: 2342:(2): 554–556. 2322: 2278: 2231: 2210:(2): 191–198. 2190: 2171:(3): 885–890. 2155: 2096: 2052: 2015:PLOS Pathogens 1996: 1934: 1885: 1866:(1): 109–114. 1847: 1797: 1727: 1699: 1672:(1): 125–134. 1649: 1617: 1598: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1551: 1548: 1532: 1529: 1507: 1504: 1474: 1471: 1375: 1372: 1361: 1358: 1340:(AVV) reduced 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1196: 1193: 1181:late endosomes 1127:senile plaques 1109:processing by 1050: 1047: 920: 917: 875:activates the 854:Janus kinase 1 767: 764: 625: 622: 576:-mediated and 511:polymerization 405: 402: 400: 397: 381:motor proteins 328: 325: 305: 302: 278:Main article: 275: 272: 257:phosphorylable 237:Main article: 234: 231: 229:of 52.569 Da. 227:molecular mass 194: 191: 129:is a distinct 114:Main article: 111: 108: 106: 103: 72: 71: 33: 31: 24: 17: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2730: 2719: 2716: 2715: 2713: 2699: 2695: 2689: 2686: 2681: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2640: 2637: 2632: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2583: 2580: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2548: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2489: 2486: 2474: 2470: 2464: 2462: 2458: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2417: 2414: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2386:(4): 103772. 2385: 2381: 2373: 2370: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2329: 2327: 2323: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2282: 2279: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2238: 2236: 2232: 2227: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2194: 2191: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2159: 2156: 2151: 2147: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2107: 2105: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2056: 2053: 2048: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1975: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1943: 1941: 1939: 1935: 1930: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1889: 1886: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1854: 1852: 1848: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1820:(1): 94–107. 1819: 1815: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1798: 1793: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1742: 1740: 1738: 1736: 1734: 1732: 1728: 1716: 1712: 1706: 1704: 1700: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1660: 1658: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1638: 1634: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1618: 1613: 1609: 1603: 1600: 1593: 1591: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1576:testis cancer 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1549: 1547: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1521: 1518:SNX8 role in 1512: 1505: 1503: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1472: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1452: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1418: 1416: 1415: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1382: 1373: 1371: 1368: 1359: 1357: 1355: 1351: 1350:polymorphisms 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1312:. SNX8 has a 1311: 1307: 1303: 1290: 1288: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1199:Although the 1194: 1192: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1157:transcription 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1142:cell membrane 1139: 1135: 1130: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1055: 1048: 1046: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1019: 1018:transcription 1014: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 985:pathway like 984: 980: 976: 972: 969: 965: 964:phospholipids 961: 957: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 934: 930: 927:levels as an 926: 918: 916: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 878: 874: 870: 867: 863: 859: 855: 851: 842: 838: 836: 835:IRF1 promoter 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 795:transcription 792: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 765: 763: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 645:transcription 642: 639: 630: 623: 621: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 599: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 575: 571: 566: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 539:transcription 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 497: 493: 489: 486: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 417:transcription 414: 411: 403: 398: 396: 393: 389: 385: 382: 378: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 334: 326: 324: 322: 318: 314: 311: 304:MVP1 ortholog 303: 301: 299: 295: 291: 287: 281: 273: 271: 269: 265: 261: 258: 254: 250: 246: 240: 232: 230: 228: 224: 220: 216: 212: 208: 199: 192: 190: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 155: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 123: 122:sorting nexin 117: 116:Sorting nexin 109: 104: 102: 99: 95: 91: 87: 78: 68: 65: 57: 47: 43: 37: 34:This article 32: 23: 22: 16: 2697: 2688: 2653: 2649: 2639: 2596: 2592: 2582: 2557: 2553: 2547: 2505:(4): e5197. 2502: 2498: 2488: 2476:. Retrieved 2472: 2427: 2423: 2416: 2383: 2379: 2372: 2339: 2335: 2292: 2288: 2281: 2248: 2244: 2207: 2203: 2193: 2168: 2164: 2158: 2121: 2117: 2066: 2062: 2055: 2018: 2014: 1956: 1952: 1902: 1898: 1888: 1863: 1859: 1817: 1813: 1755: 1751: 1718:. Retrieved 1714: 1669: 1665: 1640:. Retrieved 1636: 1611: 1602: 1553: 1534: 1517: 1476: 1453: 1445:viral titers 1428:through the 1419: 1412: 1384:through the 1379: 1377: 1363: 1299: 1258: 1223:or SNX8) as 1198: 1131: 1123:amyloid beta 1115:β-secretases 1111:γ-secretases 1087:α-secretases 1085:cleavage by 1060: 1015: 922: 909:dimerization 847: 797:that encode 769: 762:secretion). 635: 614:mitochondria 567: 565:secretion). 473:mitochondria 465:mitochondria 407: 344: 336: 330: 307: 283: 242: 204: 156: 119: 85: 83: 60: 54:October 2019 51: 35: 15: 2599:(1): 8789. 1584:endometrial 1520:cholesterol 1422:DNA viruses 1388:-triggered 1304:peptide in 1273:Rab7 GTPase 1269:Rab5 GTPase 1213:BAR domains 1211:containing 1011:SNXs family 971:homeostasis 956:cholesterol 949:fatty acids 925:cholesterol 714:, SNX8 and 649:DNA viruses 608:may induce 574:CARD domain 572:containing 545:-triggered 515:aggregation 429:aggregation 421:RNA viruses 341:endocytosis 308:SNX8 has a 223:amino acids 2478:25 October 2069:: 108436. 1720:26 October 1642:25 October 1594:References 1568:colorectal 1540:neuropathy 1524:metabolism 1240:for these 1229:BAR domain 1089:. Lately, 953:endogenous 941:expression 887:(IKKβ) to 852:activates 803:GBP family 788:downstream 744:expression 638:downstream 547:expression 503:C-terminus 496:N-terminus 485:C-terminus 410:downstream 286:C-terminus 280:BAR domain 245:N-terminus 94:BAR domain 2554:Biochimie 2408:203624241 2091:204882235 1991:202558274 1467:cytokines 1441:cytokines 1401:cytokines 1302:β-amyloid 1238:PX domain 1215:(such as 1205:vesicular 1183:and with 1095:endosomes 1033:lysosomal 1029:endosomal 1025:mevinolin 1003:lysosomal 999:endosomal 929:activator 866:tyrosines 807:pathogens 736:endosomes 720:cytoplasm 690:mediated 606:RNA virus 543:RNA virus 523:signaling 499:PX domain 494:and both 461:endosomes 445:cytoplasm 441:signaling 388:kinesin-1 321:lysosomal 290:threonine 260:tyrosines 239:PX domain 159:mammalian 157:The  151:dimerizes 143:endosomes 105:Structure 98:PX domain 2718:Proteins 2712:Category 2680:26538661 2631:29884837 2574:15589694 2539:19381295 2499:PLOS ONE 2452:39609715 2444:24733602 2400:31568860 2364:31142228 2356:24311514 2309:24715298 2265:21671376 2226:22984654 2150:31551717 2083:31648726 2047:30321235 1983:31511639 1929:23549789 1880:19782049 1834:21973056 1792:29180417 1694:14668542 1686:24362679 1608:"Q9Y5X2" 1580:prostate 1424:such as 1277:retromer 1117:such as 1073:via the 1071:membrane 1007:membrane 817:such as 791:effector 760:cytokine 641:effector 563:cytokine 533:through 517:. After 435:, a key 413:effector 384:dynein-1 317:vacuolar 313:ortholog 2671:6605230 2622:5993794 2601:Bibcode 2530:2668173 2507:Bibcode 2317:8191354 2273:7570369 2217:3560458 2185:6375662 2141:6743354 2124:: 410. 2038:6188873 1974:7784681 1920:3679488 1842:7295814 1814:Traffic 1783:5724276 1760:Bibcode 1572:stomach 1560:stomach 1409:spleens 1185:Giantin 1175:, with 945:enzymes 931:of the 891:in the 813:of the 801:of the 471:to the 469:cytosol 392:cytosol 355:to the 333:adaptor 225:with a 209:'s and 40:Please 18:Protein 2678:  2668:  2629:  2619:  2572:  2537:  2527:  2450:  2442:  2406:  2398:  2362:  2354:  2315:  2307:  2271:  2263:  2224:  2214:  2183:  2148:  2138:  2089:  2081:  2045:  2035:  1989:  1981:  1971:  1927:  1917:  1878:  1840:  1832:  1790:  1780:  1692:  1684:  1556:cancer 1550:Cancer 1488:MAD1L1 1367:autism 1022:statin 933:SREBPs 905:serine 895:-SNX8- 827:CXCL11 825:, and 823:CXCL10 809:, and 752:CXCL10 704:serine 686:, via 509:-like 455:, the 451:, the 294:serine 139:SNX-PX 135:lipids 127:SNX-PX 96:and a 2448:S2CID 2404:S2CID 2360:S2CID 2313:S2CID 2269:S2CID 2087:S2CID 1987:S2CID 1838:S2CID 1690:S2CID 1480:SNX21 1449:HSV-1 1426:HSV-1 1405:liver 1306:brain 1119:BACE1 1038:SREBP 995:SREBP 987:INSIG 983:SREBP 975:SREBP 968:lipid 819:CXCL9 793:gene 748:ISG56 732:Golgi 716:VPS34 688:Golgi 684:HSV-1 672:Vps34 664:VPS34 594:RIG-I 570:RIG-I 555:ISG56 551:IFNB1 507:prion 373:Vps35 369:Vps26 310:yeast 179:SNX18 2676:PMID 2627:PMID 2570:PMID 2535:PMID 2480:2019 2440:PMID 2396:PMID 2352:PMID 2305:PMID 2261:PMID 2222:PMID 2181:PMID 2146:PMID 2079:PMID 2043:PMID 1979:PMID 1925:PMID 1876:PMID 1830:PMID 1788:PMID 1722:2019 1682:PMID 1644:2019 1562:and 1536:SNPs 1462:and 1460:IFNβ 1436:and 1434:IFNβ 1430:MITA 1407:and 1396:and 1394:IFNβ 1390:IKKβ 1386:IFNγ 1246:Rab5 1221:SNX4 1217:SNX1 1209:SNXs 1177:Rab7 1169:Rab4 1161:Rab5 1154:mRNA 1113:and 1061:The 1031:and 1001:and 962:and 911:and 901:IKKβ 897:IKKβ 893:JAK1 889:JAK1 877:JAK1 862:JAK1 858:JAK1 850:IFNγ 831:IFNγ 772:IKKβ 754:and 740:MITA 734:and 712:MITA 696:MITA 676:MITA 668:MITA 657:MITA 653:MITA 618:VISA 602:VISA 598:MDA5 590:VISA 582:VISA 578:MDA5 557:and 519:VISA 513:and 501:and 492:VISA 481:VISA 477:VISA 433:VISA 377:EEA1 371:and 365:SNX2 361:SNX1 343:and 319:and 219:SNX9 211:SNX9 207:SNX1 193:SNX8 175:SNX9 171:SNX4 167:SNX2 163:SNX1 86:SNX8 84:The 2666:PMC 2658:doi 2617:PMC 2609:doi 2562:doi 2525:PMC 2515:doi 2432:doi 2428:164 2388:doi 2344:doi 2340:164 2297:doi 2293:164 2253:doi 2249:155 2212:PMC 2173:doi 2169:120 2136:PMC 2126:doi 2071:doi 2067:238 2033:PMC 2023:doi 1969:PMC 1961:doi 1915:PMC 1907:doi 1903:126 1868:doi 1864:390 1822:doi 1778:PMC 1768:doi 1756:114 1674:doi 1586:or 1574:or 1464:IL6 1456:SeV 1438:IL6 1398:IL6 1322:APP 1271:to 1248:at 1187:at 1179:at 1171:at 1163:at 1150:APP 1138:APP 1107:APP 1091:APP 1083:APP 989:or 943:of 756:IL6 702:at 600:to 596:or 559:IL6 527:RLR 490:of 459:or 425:RLR 187:SH3 183:PDZ 147:BAR 44:to 2714:: 2696:. 2674:. 2664:. 2654:35 2652:. 2648:. 2625:. 2615:. 2607:. 2595:. 2591:. 2568:. 2558:86 2556:. 2533:. 2523:. 2513:. 2501:. 2497:. 2471:. 2460:^ 2446:. 2438:. 2426:. 2402:. 2394:. 2384:63 2382:. 2358:. 2350:. 2338:. 2325:^ 2311:. 2303:. 2291:. 2267:. 2259:. 2247:. 2234:^ 2220:. 2206:. 2202:. 2179:. 2167:. 2144:. 2134:. 2122:13 2120:. 2116:. 2099:^ 2085:. 2077:. 2065:. 2041:. 2031:. 2019:14 2017:. 2013:. 1999:^ 1985:. 1977:. 1967:. 1957:17 1955:. 1951:. 1937:^ 1923:. 1913:. 1901:. 1897:. 1874:. 1862:. 1850:^ 1836:. 1828:. 1818:13 1816:. 1800:^ 1786:. 1776:. 1766:. 1754:. 1750:. 1730:^ 1713:. 1702:^ 1688:. 1680:. 1670:53 1668:. 1652:^ 1635:. 1620:^ 1610:. 1582:, 1570:, 1356:. 1354:AD 1346:AD 1342:Aβ 1334:AD 1330:AD 1318:AD 1219:, 1191:. 1146:Aβ 1129:. 1067:ER 1045:. 1013:. 958:, 951:, 915:. 821:, 750:, 730:, 726:, 724:ER 620:. 553:, 449:ER 367:, 363:, 177:, 173:, 169:, 165:, 2700:. 2682:. 2660:: 2633:. 2611:: 2603:: 2597:8 2576:. 2564:: 2541:. 2517:: 2509:: 2503:4 2482:. 2454:. 2434:: 2410:. 2390:: 2366:. 2346:: 2319:. 2299:: 2275:. 2255:: 2228:. 2208:1 2187:. 2175:: 2152:. 2128:: 2093:. 2073:: 2049:. 2025:: 1993:. 1963:: 1931:. 1909:: 1882:. 1870:: 1844:. 1824:: 1794:. 1770:: 1762:: 1724:. 1696:. 1676:: 1646:. 1614:. 670:- 67:) 61:( 56:) 52:( 38:.

Index

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trans-golgi network
BAR domain
PX domain
Sorting nexin
sorting nexin
SNX-PX
phosphoinositide
lipids
SNX-PX
endosomes
BAR
dimerizes
mammalian
SNX1
SNX2
SNX4
SNX9
SNX18
PDZ
SH3

SNX1
SNX9
terciary structure
SNX9
amino acids

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