908:. The universities began to acquire novels and they became part of the curriculum. By the 1770s about thirty novels were being printed in Britain and Ireland every year and there is plentiful evidence that they were being read, particularly by women and students in Scotland. Scotland and Scottish authors made a modest contribution to this early development. About forty full length prose books were printed in Scotland before 1800. One of the earliest was the anonymously authored
513:
857:
30:
2145:
197:. Despite the opposition of the church theatre going began to emerge as a regular part of elite life in Scotland. The government granted the first licence to a Scottish theatre under the act in 1767. In the later eighteenth century, many plays were written for and performed by small amateur companies and were not published and so most have been lost. Towards the end of the century there were "
636:
of human nature, the excrement and refuse of all mankind". In 1729, the Scots
Company of Comedians, formed for dramatic entertainments, was forced to close. The Edinburgh Company of Players were able to perform in Dundee, Montrose, Aberdeen and regular performances at the Taylor's Hall in Edinburgh under the protection of a Royal Patent. In 1727, Allan Ramsay wrote his
314:
816:(1781) inverted the stereotype of the gullible Scot common in London plays. He went on to produce over a hundred plays. The work of Baillie is now seen as particularly significant, although it was more often anonymously published rather than in performance for much of her lifetime. Baillie's first volume of
635:
reversed the magistrates' pleas, but Rev Robert Wodrow complained of plays as "seminaries of idleness, looseness and sin". A pamphlet of the time described actors as, "the most profligate wretches and vilest vermin that hell ever vomited out... the filth and garbage of the earth, the scum and stain
658:
The
Licensing Act began a three-decade period where institutional and organised drama was in abeyance. Eventually the subterfuge of offering a free drama at the end of a musical performance was adopted. This is known to have been used in Edinburgh from 1739 when
648:
336:(Alasdair MacDonald, c. 1698–1770), who emerged as the nationalist poet of the Jacobite cause and whose poetry marks a shift away from the clan-based panegyric tradition. His interest in traditional forms can be seen in his most significant poem
178:. Inside Scotland drama faced hostility from the Kirk. Allan Ramsay was a major supporter of Scottish theatre, establishing a small theatre in Carruber's Close in Edinburgh, and there is evidence of companies elsewhere in Scotland, but the
182:
made their activities illegal and these theatres soon closed. A three-decade period followed where institutional and organised drama was in abeyance. The subterfuge of offering a free drama at the end of a musical performance was adopted.
365:
written in 1762 was speedily translated into many
European languages, and its deep appreciation of natural beauty and the melancholy tenderness of its treatment of the ancient legend did more than any single work to bring about the
286:(1724–37) contained old Scots folk material, his own poems in the folk style and "gentilizings" of Scots poems in the English neo-classical style. Ramsay was part of a community of poets working in Scots and English. These included
193:, was first performed in 1756 in Edinburgh. It was a success in both Scotland and England but caused a controversy with the kirk that probably led Home to leave Scotland for London. Other emigres to London included
266:(1686–1758) was the most important literary figure of the era, often described as leading a "vernacular revival". He laid the foundations of a reawakening of interest in older Scottish literature, publishing
867:
The novel in its modern form developed rapidly in the eighteenth century and was soon a major element of
Scottish literary and critical life. There was a demand in Scotland for the newest novels including
752:
In the later eighteenth century, many plays were written for and performed by small amateur companies and were not published and so most have been lost. Towards the end of the century there were "
729:
at Drury Lane in 1757. Despite the opposition of the church, theatre going began to emerge as a regular part of elite life in
Scotland. Performances included Eleanore Carthart, Lady Huston's
976:(1777) were set in the wilds of America and in France respectively, with the character of the title of the latter being the first female protagonist throughout a Scottish novel. Physician
2206:
2181:
631:
In
Scotland performances were largely limited to those by visiting actors, who faced hostility from the Kirk. In November 1727, Edinburgh Town Council denounced stage plays. The
749:
opened in 1769. In Perth it was 1780 before theatre was properly produced. As late as 1784, the council of Dundee prevented a company from
Edinburgh from entering the town.
640:. Ramsay was instrumental in establishing them in a small theatre in Carruber's Close in Edinburgh. Dundee formed a company of players in 1734. However, the passing of the
382:. Eventually it became clear that the poems were not direct translations from the Gaelic, but flowery adaptations made to suit the aesthetic expectations of his audience.
332:(Duncan Ban MacIntyre, 1724–1812) and Uillean Ross (William Ross, 1762–90), most noted for his anguished love songs. The most significant figure in the tradition was
447:. Some of his works, such as "Love and Liberty" (also known as "The Jolly Beggars"), are written in both Scots and English for various effects. His themes included
1885:
2226:
796:, was acted in the Edinburgh Theatre in 1783. It reflected contemporary politics in its emphasis on the liberties of the subject, drawing parallels between
2256:
2251:
2395:
236:
mean that he is often seen as
Scotland's first novelist. Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include
2174:
2400:
2084:
741:
in 1764. The
British government granted the first licence to a Scottish theatre under the act in 1767 as part of the plans for the building of the
1925:
1920:
780:
in 1773. The play went on to success in both
Scotland and London and as well as becoming a successful novelist Mackenzie produced plays including
669:
at the opening of a purpose build theatre, the "Cannongate Concert House" in 1747, which operated as a theatre without a licence into the 1760s.
2211:
1910:
1229:
691:, was first performed in 1756 in Edinburgh. It was a success in both Scotland and England for decades, attracting many notable actors, such as
1647:
490:(1766–1813), whose outspoken views forced him into emigration to the US. Major literary figures connected with Romanticism include the poets
665:
was performed. From 1741 regular performances were offered after concerts at the Taylor's Hall. Other performances included a production of
2343:
2167:
2079:
1915:
927:
232:
2405:
2312:
1878:
1855:
1834:
1813:
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1750:
1533:
1494:
1378:
1170:
1118:
1050:
936:
921:
226:
262:
After the Union in 1707 Scottish literature developed a distinct national identity and began to enjoy an international reputation.
2297:
1624:
487:
333:
295:
116:
96:
2317:
2216:
977:
900:
329:
303:
241:
112:
104:
2348:
1771:
1726:
1705:
1684:
1604:
1583:
1555:
1468:
1444:
1423:
1402:
1346:
1322:
1301:
1280:
1142:
1094:
1073:
1022:
2364:
1930:
842:, London before knowledge of her identity emerged and the prejudice against women playwrights began to effect her career.
344:, which helped inspire a new form of nature poetry in Gaelic, which was not focused on their relations to human concerns.
287:
88:
2221:
2125:
1871:
707:
and this may have driven him to leave his parish and move to work on the London stage. Other emigres to London included
324:
The eighteenth century was also a period of innovation in Gaelic vernacular poetry. Major figures included the satirist
673:'s theatres were closed in 1745 and 1751 by the clergy. In 1752, Glasgow's first theatre was burnt down, shortly after
531:(1679–1749), born in London to Scottish parents and later moving to Aberdeen. Her plays and included the verse-tragedy
392:
of Scotland and a major figure in the Romantic movement. As well as making original compositions, Burns also collected
2064:
1981:
375:
904:. Lending libraries were established in Edinburgh, Glasgow and Aberdeen. Private manor libraries were established in
388:(1759–96) was highly influenced by the Ossian cycle. Burns, an Ayrshire poet and lyricist, is widely regarded as the
350:(1736–96) was the first Scottish poet to gain an international reputation, claiming to have found poetry written by
2231:
2190:
2069:
2038:
472:
379:
354:, he published translations that acquired international popularity, being proclaimed as a Celtic equivalent of the
2033:
1246:
905:
719:
failed to gain a production in the capital, but after his success as a novelist it was published in 1749 and his
495:
2374:
2059:
746:
220:
In this century the novel emerged as a major element of Scottish literary and critical life. Tobias Smollett's
64:
56:
1459:
J. Sorensen, "Varieties of public performance: folk songs, ballads, popular drama and sermons", in I. Brown,
931:(1751) for which he is often seen as Scotland's first novelist. His most influential novel was his last, the
107:. The eighteenth century was also a period of innovation in Gaelic vernacular poetry. Major figures included
2338:
1966:
1951:
1259:
986:(1789) focused on an anti-hero, the Italian nobleman of the title, and was a major influence on the work of
452:
2333:
2074:
1961:
517:
123:
was the first Scottish poet to gain an international reputation, claiming to have found poetry written by
2236:
1660:
789:
599:
586:. James Thomson's plays often dealt with the contest between public duty and private feelings, included
291:
206:
153:
92:
270:(1724), a collection that included many major poetic works of the Stewart period. He led the trend for
17:
808:
had prevented its production on the London stage. Among the most prolific of Scottish playwrights was
2241:
1976:
1618:
761:
661:
152:(1743). James Thomson's plays often dealt with the contest between public duty and private feelings.
1226:
2302:
2002:
1894:
1200:
L. McIlvanney (Spring 2005), "Hugh Blair, Robert Burns, and the Invention of Scottish Literature",
742:
716:
696:
512:
507:
456:
397:
355:
317:
263:
76:
915:
As well as being a poet, essayist, satirist and playwright, Tobias Smollett is best known for his
2307:
2282:
2272:
2100:
2012:
894:
809:
641:
608:(1731) was accused of being a coded Jacobite play and his later work indicates opposition to the
544:
425:
257:
210:
179:
72:
1393:
G. Garlick, "Theatre outside London, 1660–1775", in J. Milling, P. Thomson and J. Donohue, eds,
554:(1704). These developed the character of the stage Scot, often a clown, but cunning and loyal.
2120:
2105:
2007:
1851:
1830:
1809:
1788:
1767:
1746:
1722:
1717:
P. G. Bator, "The entrance of the novel into the Scottish universities", in R. Crawford, ed.,
1701:
1680:
1643:
1600:
1579:
1551:
1490:
1464:
1440:
1419:
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1374:
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1166:
1162:
1156:
1138:
1114:
1090:
1069:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1018:
990:. Female novelists included Jean Marishall (f. 1765–89), who published the epistolary novels,
957:
953:
882:
851:
830:
769:
555:
528:
299:
143:
139:
100:
37:
892:(1788). There were weekly reviews of novels in periodicals, the most important of which were
2277:
2130:
2115:
2109:
2028:
1209:
932:
916:
805:
674:
632:
624:
614:
582:
460:
444:
437:
347:
221:
174:
164:
120:
60:
1597:
The Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature: Enlightenment, Britain and Empire (1707–1918)
1461:
The Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature: Enlightenment, Britain and empire (1707–1918)
2149:
1971:
1416:
The Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature: Enlightenment, Britain and Empire, 1707–1918
1233:
961:
870:
860:
797:
773:
708:
572:
480:
413:
371:
237:
202:
194:
148:
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of the country. Burns's poetry drew upon a substantial familiarity with and knowledge of
340:. He also mixed these traditions with influences from the Lowlands, including Thompson's
2292:
2287:
1956:
876:
856:
765:
683:
652:
609:
433:
401:
245:
214:
185:
68:
29:
2389:
2159:
2043:
753:
726:
700:
448:
409:
389:
275:
198:
132:
84:
1414:
B. Bell, "The national drama, Joanna Baille and the national theatre", in I. Brown,
2369:
776:(1745–1821) was the first Scott to have a play performed at the new Theatre Royal,
721:
468:
464:
385:
128:
33:
622:, with Thompson supplying the lyrics for his most famous work, the patriotic song
1617:
1986:
948:. Other eighteenth-century novelists included Henry Mackenzie, whose major work
692:
678:
619:
577:
367:
358:
279:
169:
87:. He was part of a community of poets working in Scots and English who included
647:
1133:"Scottish poetry" in S. Cushman, C. Cavanagh, J. Ramazani and P. Rouzer, eds,
965:
839:
801:
757:
491:
393:
48:
1213:
941:
688:
190:
1064:"Poetry in Scots: Brus to Burns" in C. R. Woodring and J. S. Shapiro, eds,
756:", primarily designed to be read, rather than performed, including work by
320:, the most influential literary figure in early eighteenth-century Scotland
1848:
The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Eighteenth-Century Writers and Writing
313:
201:", primarily designed to be read. Important Scottish playwrights included
1675:
I. Brown, "Public and private performance: 1650–1800", in I. Brown, ed.,
1574:
I. Brown, "Public and private performance: 1650–1800", in I. Brown, ed.,
1546:
I. Brown, "Public and private performance: 1650–1800", in I. Brown, ed.,
1435:
I. Brown, "Public and private performance: 1650–1800", in I. Brown, ed.,
1337:
I. Brown, "Public and private performance: 1650–1800", in I. Brown, ed.,
1313:
I. Brown, "Public and private performance: 1650–1800", in I. Brown, ed.,
670:
604:
417:
405:
325:
271:
158:
108:
80:
52:
1507:
558:(1691–1761), born in Ireland of Scottish descent, produced the comedies
1696:
B. Bell, "The national drama and the nineteenth century" I. Brown, ed,
945:
940:(1771). His work would be a major influence on later novelists such as
888:
476:
440:
1863:
1640:
History, Religion, and Culture: British Intellectual History 1750–1950
982:
351:
124:
142:
and David Crawford, who developed the character of the stage Scot.
1946:
987:
855:
646:
511:
429:
421:
312:
28:
618:(1740) was a collaboration between Thompson, Mallet and composer
168:(1740) was a collaboration between Thompson, Mallet and composer
1135:
The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics: Fourth Edition
2163:
1867:
644:
made their activities illegal and these theatres soon closed.
486:
Major poets writing in the radical tradition of Burns include
725:, a comedy based on his experiences at sea, was delivered by
162:(1731) was accused of being a coded Jacobite play. The opera
59:
in the eighteenth century. It includes literature written in
527:
Drama was pursued by Scottish playwrights in London such as
146:
produced comedies and later wrote the libretto for Handel's
138:
Drama was pursued by Scottish playwrights in London such as
75:
Scottish literature developed a distinct national identity.
992:
The History of Miss Camilla Cathcart, and Miss Fanny Renton
172:, with Thompson supplying the lyrics to the patriotic song
768:(1762–1851), often influenced by the ballad tradition and
71:, in forms including poetry, drama and novels. After the
598:(1745), the last of which was an international success.
543:(1706). David Crawford's (1665–1726) plays included the
432:
tradition. Burns was skilled in writing not only in the
737:
in 1763, and Andrew Eskine's cross-dressing love farce
306:'s (1700–48), most famous for the nature poetry of his
1105:
1103:
1389:
1387:
483:, and the beneficial aspects of popular socialising.
1109:
J. MacDonald, "Gaelic literature" in M. Lynch, ed.,
278:, which would be later be used by Robert Burns as a
2357:
2326:
2265:
2199:
2093:
2052:
2021:
1995:
1939:
1903:
1737:
1735:
1455:
1453:
1333:
1331:
1129:
1127:
520:(1777–1830?), Scottish actor, in the title role of
1827:Scotland's Books: a History of Scottish Literature
1806:Scotland's Books: a History of Scottish Literature
1785:Scotland's Books: a History of Scottish Literature
1743:Scotland's Books: a History of Scottish Literature
1395:The Cambridge History of British Theatre, Volume 2
733:in 1759, John (or James) Baille's political farce
119:, who helped inspire a new form of nature poetry.
1481:
1479:
1477:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
703:. Home was hounded by the church authorities for
570:(1715). He later wrote the libretto for Handel's
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1721:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998),
1700:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2011),
1679:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2011),
1642:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001),
1599:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007),
1578:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2011),
1550:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2011),
1463:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007),
1439:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2011),
1418:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007),
1397:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004),
1341:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2011),
1317:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2011),
1275:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2009),
1017:(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994),
638:Some Hints in Defence of Dramatic Entertainment
471:, commentary on the Scottish Kirk of his time,
2175:
1879:
1015:The Cambridge History of the English Language
290:(c. 1665–1751), Robert Crawford (1695–1733),
45:Scottish literature in the eighteenth century
8:
1719:The Scottish Invention of English Literature
863:, often considered Scotland's first novelist
804:, and for that reason the censorship of the
1628:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
1187:The Gaelic Sources of Macpherson's "Ossian"
956:dealing with human emotions, influenced by
36:, considered by many the national poet, in
2182:
2168:
2160:
1886:
1872:
1864:
1846:P. Baines, J. Ferraro and P. Rogers, eds,
677:complained it was the "Devil's Home". The
412:" served for a long time as an unofficial
328:(Robert Mackay, 1714–78), the hunter-poet
79:led a "vernacular revival", the trend for
1829:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009),
1808:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009),
1787:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009),
1745:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009),
1698:The Edinburgh Companion to Scottish Drama
1677:The Edinburgh Companion to Scottish Drama
1576:The Edinburgh Companion to Scottish Drama
1548:The Edinburgh Companion to Scottish Drama
1437:The Edinburgh Companion to Scottish Drama
1339:The Edinburgh Companion to Scottish Drama
1315:The Edinburgh Companion to Scottish Drama
1113:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001),
1294:FOF Companion to the British Short Story
1111:The Oxford Companion to Scottish History
814:The Conjurer; or, the Scotsman in London
396:from across Scotland, often revising or
1527:
1525:
1006:
18:Scottish literature in the 18th century
1066:The Columbia History of British Poetry
1766:(University of Georgia Press, 1998),
7:
1137:(Princeton University Press, 2012),
1068:(Columbia University Press, 1994),
910:Select Collection of Oriental Tales
820:was published in 1798 consisted of
302:(1712–94), and poet and playwright
2192:Scotland in the eighteenth century
1663:Scotland and the French Revolution
928:The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle
233:The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle
25:
2396:History of literature in Scotland
1850:(Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011),
1534:Collins Encyclopaedia of Scotland
937:The Expedition of Humphry Clinker
922:The Adventures of Roderick Random
408:(the last day of the year), and "
227:The Adventures of Roderick Random
2143:
1625:Dictionary of National Biography
964:and the thinking of philosopher
334:Alasdair mac Mhaighstir Alasdair
298:of Bangour (1704–54), socialite
288:William Hamilton of Gilbertfield
117:Alasdair mac Mhaighstir Alasdair
89:William Hamilton of Gilbertfield
2401:18th-century British literature
1537:(London: Harper Collins, 1994).
1262:." Retrieved 24 September 2010.
1249:", retrieved 24 September 2010.
1236:", retrieved 24 September 2010.
370:in European, and especially in
274:poetry, helping to develop the
2349:Society of the United Scotsmen
1487:A History of Music in Scotland
1371:A History of Music in Scotland
996:The History of Alicia Montague
838:was successfully performed in
1:
2365:History of the United Kingdom
1296:(Infobase Publishing, 2007),
1189:, Aberdeen: Oliver & Boyd
1638:S. Collini and R. Whatmore,
695:, who made his debut in it,
330:Donnchadh Bàn Mac an t-Saoir
113:Donnchadh Bàn Mac an t-Saoir
1982:Scottish Gaelic Renaissance
739:She's Not Him, He's Not Her
400:them. His poem (and song) "
2422:
1161:, Harper Collins, p.
1041:, Harper Collins, p.
849:
612:administration. The opera
505:
473:Scottish cultural identity
428:, as well as the Scottish
300:Alison Rutherford Cockburn
294:(1699–1784), the Jacobite
255:
131:is widely regarded as the
101:Alison Rutherford Cockburn
2139:
1764:Tobias Smollett: Novelist
1531:Keay, J. & Keay, J.,
1089:(Canongate Books, 2010),
576:(1743), closely based on
83:poetry and developed the
2406:18th century in Scotland
2375:Kingdom of Great Britain
1214:10.1215/00982601-29-2-25
828:, a comedy on love, and
651:Engraving of playwright
541:The Revolution in Sweden
374:literature, influencing
2298:Agricultural Revolution
2085:Science fiction writers
1952:Renaissance in Scotland
1202:Eighteenth-Century Life
834:, a tragedy on hatred.
539:(1700) and the history
864:
745:in Edinburgh. The new
711:(1721–71), whose play
655:
524:
518:Henry Erskine Johnston
321:
41:
2344:Friends of the People
2313:Industrial Revolution
859:
824:, a tragedy on love,
818:Plays on the Passions
650:
596:Tancrid and Sigismuda
515:
316:
32:
1977:Scottish Renaissance
1489:(Hinrichsen, 1947),
1373:(Hinrichsen, 1947),
970:The Man of the World
968:. His later novels,
662:The Provoked Husband
560:The Petticoat-Ploter
545:Restoration comedies
338:Clanranald's Gallery
284:Tea-Table Miscellany
2318:Evangelical revival
2303:Highland Clearances
2150:Scotland portal
2080:Short story writers
1896:Scottish literature
1619:"Logan, John"
1510:. Arthurlloyd.co.uk
1273:Scottish Literature
1185:D. Thomson (1952),
1158:Crowded with Genius
1038:Crowded with Genius
901:The Critical Review
778:The Prince of Tunis
715:about the death of
552:Love at First Sight
548:Courtship A-la-Mode
535:(1698), the comedy
508:Theatre in Scotland
457:Scottish patriotism
404:" is often sung at
115:, Uillean Ross and
91:, Robert Crawford,
40:'s portrait of 1787
2308:Lowland Clearances
2283:Marrow Controversy
2273:Union with England
2101:British literature
1232:2013-10-16 at the
1155:J. Buchan (2003),
1035:J. Buchan (2003),
950:The Man of Feeling
895:The Monthly Review
865:
812:(1755–1826) whose
810:Archibald Maclaren
656:
642:1737 Licensing Act
564:The Doating Lovers
525:
426:English literature
322:
258:Poetry of Scotland
211:Archibald Maclaren
180:1737 Licensing Act
42:
2383:
2382:
2157:
2156:
2121:Opera in Scotland
2106:Celtic literature
1648:978-0-521-62639-2
1121:, pp. 255–7.
974:Julia de Roubigné
958:Samuel Richardson
954:sentimental novel
917:picaresque novels
852:Novel in Scotland
556:Newburgh Hamilton
529:Catherine Trotter
368:Romantic movement
222:picaresque novels
144:Newburgh Hamilton
140:Catherine Trotter
38:Alexander Nasmyth
16:(Redirected from
2413:
2358:Related articles
2278:Jacobite risings
2193:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2161:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2131:Welsh literature
2116:Irish literature
2094:Related articles
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1269:
1263:
1258:Red Star Cafe: "
1256:
1250:
1243:
1237:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1152:
1146:
1131:
1122:
1107:
1098:
1083:
1077:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1032:
1026:
1011:
933:epistolary novel
806:Lord Chamberlain
786:Force of Fashion
764:(1779–1839) and
675:George Whitfield
633:Court of Session
625:Rule, Britannia!
615:Masque of Alfred
602:'s (c. 1705–65)
583:Samson Agonistes
533:Fatal Friendship
496:Allan Cunningham
494:(1770–1835) and
488:Alexander Wilson
445:English language
438:Scottish English
436:but also in the
348:James Macpherson
296:William Hamilton
175:Rule, Britannia!
165:Masque of Alfred
121:James Macpherson
97:William Hamilton
57:Scottish writers
21:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2411:
2410:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2379:
2353:
2322:
2261:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2158:
2153:
2144:
2142:
2135:
2089:
2048:
2039:Scottish Gaelic
2017:
1991:
1972:Kailyard school
1935:
1899:
1895:
1892:
1862:
1845:
1841:
1824:
1820:
1803:
1799:
1782:
1778:
1762:J. C. Beasley,
1761:
1757:
1740:
1733:
1716:
1712:
1695:
1691:
1674:
1670:
1658:
1654:
1637:
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1611:
1594:
1590:
1573:
1562:
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1501:
1484:
1475:
1458:
1451:
1434:
1430:
1413:
1409:
1392:
1385:
1368:
1353:
1336:
1329:
1312:
1308:
1291:
1287:
1271:G. Carruthers,
1270:
1266:
1257:
1253:
1245:Robert Burns: "
1244:
1240:
1234:Wayback Machine
1225:Robert Burns: "
1224:
1220:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1132:
1125:
1108:
1101:
1097:, pp. ix–xviii.
1085:C. Maclachlan,
1084:
1080:
1063:
1059:
1053:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1012:
1008:
1004:
962:Laurence Sterne
871:Robinson Crusoe
861:Tobias Smollett
854:
848:
774:Henry Mackenzie
709:Tobias Smollett
510:
504:
461:anticlericalism
414:national anthem
326:Rob Donn Mackay
260:
254:
238:Henry Mackenzie
203:Henry Mackenzie
195:Tobias Smollett
109:Rob Donn Mackay
65:Scottish Gaelic
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2419:
2417:
2409:
2408:
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2398:
2388:
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2330:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2293:Porteous Riots
2290:
2288:Malt tax riots
2285:
2280:
2275:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
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2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2197:
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2189:
2187:
2186:
2179:
2172:
2164:
2155:
2154:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2103:
2097:
2095:
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2090:
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2072:
2067:
2062:
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2036:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2005:
1999:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1984:
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1974:
1969:
1964:
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1957:Castalian Band
1954:
1949:
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1868:
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1860:
1839:
1818:
1797:
1776:
1755:
1731:
1710:
1689:
1668:
1659:H. W. Meikle,
1652:
1631:
1609:
1588:
1560:
1539:
1521:
1499:
1485:H. G. Farmer,
1473:
1449:
1428:
1407:
1383:
1369:H. G. Farmer,
1351:
1327:
1306:
1285:
1264:
1251:
1238:
1227:Literary Style
1218:
1192:
1177:
1171:
1147:
1123:
1099:
1078:
1057:
1051:
1027:
1005:
1003:
1000:
850:Main article:
847:
844:
766:Joanna Baillie
697:Peg Woffington
687:, by minister
653:Joanna Baillie
537:Love at a Loss
506:Main article:
503:
500:
467:inequalities,
434:Scots language
402:Auld Lang Syne
292:Alexander Ross
268:The Ever Green
256:Main article:
253:
250:
246:Jean Marishall
215:Joanna Baillie
189:, by minister
93:Alexander Ross
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2418:
2407:
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2399:
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2363:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2350:
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2340:
2337:
2335:
2334:Enlightenment
2332:
2331:
2329:
2325:
2319:
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2301:
2299:
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2063:
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2055:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2034:Lowland Scots
2032:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1962:Enlightenment
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
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1869:
1866:
1857:
1856:9781405156691
1853:
1849:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1835:0-19-538623-X
1832:
1828:
1825:R. Crawford,
1822:
1819:
1815:
1814:0-19-538623-X
1811:
1807:
1804:R. Crawford,
1801:
1798:
1794:
1793:0-19-538623-X
1790:
1786:
1783:R. Crawford,
1780:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1756:
1752:
1751:0-19-538623-X
1748:
1744:
1741:R. Crawford,
1738:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1666:(1912), p. 4.
1665:
1664:
1661:archive.org.
1656:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1632:
1627:
1626:
1620:
1613:
1610:
1607:, pp. 229–30.
1606:
1602:
1598:
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1589:
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1543:
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1528:
1526:
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1509:
1508:"Edmund Kean"
1503:
1500:
1496:
1495:0-306-71865-0
1492:
1488:
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1396:
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1379:0-306-71865-0
1376:
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1303:
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1278:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1260:to the Kibble
1255:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1196:
1193:
1188:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1172:0-06-055888-1
1168:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1151:
1148:
1145:, pp. 1276–9.
1144:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1119:0-19-211696-7
1116:
1112:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1096:
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1082:
1079:
1075:
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1061:
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1052:0-06-055888-1
1048:
1044:
1040:
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997:
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989:
985:
984:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
952:(1771) was a
951:
947:
943:
939:
938:
934:
930:
929:
924:
923:
918:
913:
911:
907:
906:estate houses
903:
902:
897:
896:
891:
890:
885:
884:
879:
878:
873:
872:
862:
858:
853:
845:
843:
841:
837:
833:
832:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
782:The Shipwreck
779:
775:
772:Romanticism.
771:
767:
763:
760:(1770–1835),
759:
755:
754:closet dramas
750:
748:
747:Theatre Royal
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
727:David Garrick
724:
723:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
701:Sarah Siddons
698:
694:
690:
686:
685:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
663:
654:
649:
645:
643:
639:
634:
629:
627:
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621:
617:
616:
611:
607:
606:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
584:
579:
575:
574:
569:
568:The Libertine
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
523:
519:
514:
509:
501:
499:
498:(1784–1842).
497:
493:
489:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
449:republicanism
446:
442:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
410:Scots Wha Hae
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
390:national poet
387:
383:
381:
377:
373:
369:
364:
360:
357:
353:
349:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
319:
315:
311:
309:
305:
304:James Thomson
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:Habbie stanza
273:
269:
265:
259:
251:
249:
247:
243:
239:
235:
234:
229:
228:
223:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
199:closet dramas
196:
192:
188:
187:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
136:
134:
133:national poet
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
105:James Thomson
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
85:Habbie stanza
82:
78:
74:
73:Union in 1707
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
39:
35:
31:
27:
19:
2370:Georgian era
2246:
2207:Architecture
2141:
1931:20th century
1926:19th century
1921:18th century
1916:Early modern
1847:
1842:
1826:
1821:
1816:, pp. 321–3.
1805:
1800:
1784:
1779:
1763:
1758:
1742:
1729:, pp. 89–90.
1718:
1713:
1697:
1692:
1676:
1671:
1662:
1655:
1639:
1634:
1623:
1612:
1596:
1591:
1575:
1547:
1542:
1532:
1512:. Retrieved
1502:
1486:
1460:
1436:
1431:
1415:
1410:
1405:, pp. 170–1.
1394:
1370:
1349:, pp. 28–30.
1338:
1325:, pp. 30–31.
1314:
1309:
1293:
1292:A. Maunder,
1288:
1272:
1267:
1254:
1241:
1221:
1208:(2): 25–46,
1205:
1201:
1195:
1186:
1180:
1157:
1150:
1134:
1110:
1087:Before Burns
1086:
1081:
1065:
1060:
1037:
1030:
1014:
1013:R. M. Hogg,
1009:
995:
991:
981:
973:
969:
949:
935:
926:
920:
914:
909:
899:
893:
887:
881:
875:
869:
866:
835:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
793:
792:'s tragedy,
785:
781:
777:
751:
738:
734:
730:
722:The Reprisal
720:
713:The Regicide
712:
704:
682:
666:
660:
657:
637:
630:
623:
613:
603:
600:David Mallet
595:
591:
587:
581:
571:
567:
563:
559:
551:
547:
540:
536:
532:
526:
521:
516:Portrait of
485:
469:gender roles
386:Robert Burns
384:
362:
346:
341:
337:
323:
307:
283:
267:
264:Allan Ramsay
261:
231:
225:
219:
184:
173:
163:
157:
154:David Mallet
147:
137:
129:Robert Burns
99:of Bangour,
77:Allan Ramsay
44:
43:
34:Robert Burns
26:
2339:Romanticism
2022:By language
1987:Tartan Noir
1967:Romanticism
1708:, pp. 48–9.
1283:, pp. 58–9.
994:(1766) and
972:(1773) and
925:(1748) and
886:(1749) and
822:Count Basil
784:(1784) and
693:Edmund Kean
679:blank verse
620:Thomas Arne
594:(1738) and
578:John Milton
562:(1712) and
550:(1700) and
318:Alan Ramsay
280:poetic form
170:Thomas Arne
51:written in
2390:Categories
2247:Literature
2217:Demography
2065:Dramatists
1772:0820319716
1727:0521590388
1706:0748641076
1685:0748641076
1605:0748624813
1595:I. Brown,
1584:0748641076
1556:0748641076
1497:, p. 308.
1469:0748624813
1445:0748641076
1424:0748624813
1403:0521650682
1381:, p. 301.
1347:0748641076
1323:0748641076
1302:0816074968
1281:074863309X
1143:1400841429
1095:1847674666
1074:0585041555
1023:0521264782
978:John Moore
966:David Hume
919:, such as
840:Drury Lane
836:De Monfort
831:De Monfort
802:George III
790:John Logan
758:James Hogg
735:Patriotism
588:Sophonisba
492:James Hogg
453:radicalism
394:folk songs
242:John Moore
224:, such as
207:John Logan
49:literature
2327:Movements
2227:Education
2110:mythology
2070:Novelists
1940:Movements
1837:, p. 392.
1795:, p. 316.
1753:, p. 313.
1514:13 August
1471:, p. 134.
1304:, p. 374.
1076:, p. 100.
980:'s novel
942:Thackeray
883:Tom Jones
826:The Tryal
798:King John
794:Runnamede
762:John Galt
731:Coquettes
689:John Home
592:Agamemnon
481:sexuality
418:Classical
356:Classical
191:John Home
2257:Religion
2237:Language
2232:Identity
2126:Theatres
1911:Medieval
1687:, p. 39.
1650:, p. 96.
1586:, p. 36.
1558:, p. 33.
1447:, p. 34.
1247:hae meat
1230:Archived
1025:, p. 39.
998:(1767).
912:(1776).
880:(1740),
874:(1719),
788:(1789).
743:New Town
681:tragedy
671:Aberdeen
605:Eurydice
590:(1730),
422:Biblical
406:Hogmanay
398:adapting
272:pastoral
159:Eurydice
81:pastoral
53:Scotland
2222:Economy
2060:Writers
2029:English
1774:, p. 1.
1426:p. 288.
946:Dickens
889:Evelina
717:James I
705:Douglas
684:Douglas
610:Walpole
522:Douglas
477:poverty
443:of the
441:dialect
342:Seasons
308:Seasons
186:Douglas
61:English
2266:Events
2200:Topics
2013:Poetry
1947:Makars
1854:
1833:
1812:
1791:
1770:
1749:
1725:
1704:
1683:
1646:
1603:
1582:
1554:
1493:
1467:
1443:
1422:
1401:
1377:
1345:
1321:
1300:
1279:
1169:
1141:
1117:
1093:
1072:
1049:
1021:
983:Zeluco
877:Pamela
846:Novels
770:Gothic
667:Hamlet
573:Samson
424:, and
380:Goethe
376:Herder
372:German
363:Fingal
352:Ossian
282:. His
252:Poetry
149:Samson
125:Ossian
103:, and
55:or by
2252:Music
2075:Poets
2053:Lists
2008:Novel
2003:Drama
1996:Forms
1002:Notes
988:Byron
502:Drama
465:class
430:Makar
359:epics
69:Scots
2044:Norn
1904:Eras
1852:ISBN
1831:ISBN
1810:ISBN
1789:ISBN
1768:ISBN
1747:ISBN
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