295:
26:
338:, after the 7 July 1938 law relating to industrial mobilisation in war, the SCB obtained several contracts from the French state, such as fortification constructions and armament factory constructions. The subsidiary 'Batignolles-Châtillon' also received numerous orders and expanded its factory, not only for locomotive production but also for the ministries of war. After the beginning of the war and during the
255:. These were operated as concessions by subsidiaries of the SCB. By 1913 the company had fourteen subsidiary companies located throughout the world running railways. The company also constructed canals for irrigation, ports and harbours, and water and sewerage systems. Profits from concessions in north Africa, in particular
184:
iron bridges. Further orders for iron bridges came from France, and abroad, giving the company work for several years, and steady growth. To compensate for the uncertainties in the locomotive building business, the company began production of steam engines, as well as shipbuilding – acquiring a large shipyard in
183:
had a total length of 160 metres (520 ft). Despite erratic orders the company expanded rapidly; by 1856 a second share issue doubled the capital of the company, the same year the company's revenue was 7 million francs. In 1855 the company's factory was enlarged to accommodate the construction of
234:
With most mainline railways in Europe complete by the 1870s, the group's search for contracts became increasingly international. By the 1880s civil engineering was becoming the core business. The company undertook some large railway construction projects such as the construction of the line from
306:
After the divestment of metal manufacturing to 'Batignolles-Châtillon' most of the company's sales were overseas; one-third came from French colonies, and two-thirds from other countries, much from eastern Europe. In the interwar years the company undertook several major projects including the
473:
became a director of the company. The company returned to large scale projects in an attempt to improve its profitability and the company also started to undertake building and property development projects. The company was still experiencing financial problems; in 1967
175:) caused recession, and a drop in locomotive orders, spurring the company to diversify. One new product was production of spinning machines. Another was iron bridge manufacture, and in 1852 the company constructed France's first iron bridge. The structure, built of the
520:
in 2003 the construction division was acquired in
September 2003 by the management and Barclays Private Equity Finance, by 2005 the company sought to sell the other SPIE assets. The electrical engineering, and rail divisions were sold separately between 2006 and 2007.
294:
270:
produced armoured cars, gun carriages, bombs, trench mortars and other war material. The peace brought opportunities for rebuilding; including a potential demand for new locomotives. In 1917 a locomotive construction company, the
104:. Initially founded to construct locomotives, the company produced the first iron bridge in France, and moved away from mechanical to civil engineering projects in France, North Africa, Europe, and in East Asia and South America.
1293:
195:
Experience with the building of iron bridges led to it undertaking related work, including the construction of foundations, and masonry. In 1862 the company entered the railway line construction field. It worked with the
339:
384:
283:
1283:
197:
418:
was originally to be built by the Czech firm 'Hrabb
Lozowski'. They were unable to complete the financial arrangements and the contract was passed to a 50/50 venture between SCB and the
231:; shipbuilding, bridges and other civil engineering works, and machine and locomotive building. Ernest Goüin died in 1885, to be succeeded by his son Jules as chairman of the company.
1124:
426:
caused problems, as did poor Franco-Egyptian relations. The contract turned to litigation, but the case bogged down and by 1950 the company had already required major loans from the
1303:
1288:
164:
137:
148:, the company was launched with total capital of 750,000 Francs. One of the primary reasons for the company's creation was to manufacturer locomotives for the newly formed
204:
which included many earthworks and tunnels. Railway works were also undertaken in Italy (on the Naples-Foggia line), and in Russia and Poland; including a bridge over the
831:
649:
568:
700:
422:. The Czech firm's costings turned out to be underestimates, and the attempts to re-negotiate the terms failed, additionally the unreliability of manpower due to the
399:, in Cameroon. Additionally SCB agents began to seek potential contracts in South America and the Middle East; this led to work such as the extension of the port in
1298:
273:
86:
119:
group (2003) the civil engineering construction activities were split and sold. As of 2011, Spie
Batignolles SA is the effective successor of the company.
1103:
Rang-Ri Park (2000), "La société de construction des
Batignolles : des origines à la Première Guerre mondiale (1846–1914) : premiers résultats",
1083:
244:
227:(SCB), in 1872 allowed the company to raise capital. By 1880 over 5 million francs of shares had been issued. The new company was to continue the work of
790:
Rang-ri Park-Barjot, (2004 conference paper), 1.2 The Société de
Construction des Batignolles : an activity increasingly turned to public works
465:
the company became more involved in Latin
America, and South Africa, and was contracted to build an airport in Indonesia ("Project Waru" :
1167:
1139:
449:
After the problems in Egypt the company focused on medium-sized projects, seeking a reliable income stream, and was involved in works on the
266:
caused a halt to international civil engineering contracts, except for a line in Greece of significance to military supply. The plant in the
960:
25:
1145:
941:
772:
Rang-ri Park-Barjot, (2004 conference paper), "1.1 The Société Ernest Goüin et Cie : from locomotive making to general contractor"
1260:
1232:
1028:
391:
through a limited liability joint venture SCTP.) the company returned to pre-war success, such as with the extension of the port in
299:
331:
caused a scandal as it used essentially forced labour, with a very heavy cost in life—up to 20% of the workforce in some parts.
168:
843:
1056:
1192:
Pierre Said
Mohamed (1995), "Histoire d'une Entreprise : la Société de construction des Batignolles de 1940 à 1968.",
714:
98:
was a civil engineering company of France created in 1871 as a public limited company from the 1846 limited partnership of
410:
By 1950 profits were not sufficient at 2.5% to cover the need for capital investments. It was the barrage in Edfina (near
136:, having gained experience in England on the manufacture of locomotives and machine tools whilst acting on behalf of the
1091:
839:
466:
403:, Ecuador. In South Africa the company's skill in building hyperbolic cooling towers brought orders for the subsidiary
516:
with three divisions – Spie
Batignolles became the name of the construction division. The SPIE group was acquired by
366:
428:
371:
971:
172:
145:
1095:
380:
376:
1064:
470:
423:
922:
Pierre Said
Mohamed (1995), "L'irresistible déclin d'une firme prestigieuse : 1945–1954", pp.322–326
462:
160:
149:
556:, a company formed to allow SCB to get contracts with EDF, in which communists help positions of power.
180:
288:
948:(in French), Le portail des sites Internet du Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et de l'Industrie
351:
252:
479:
438:
banks. The losses were large and the company used a share issue to raise capital. On 6 May 1954 the
108:
1221:"La société de construction des Batignolles: Des origines à la première guerre mondiale, 1846–1914"
415:
312:
156:
1175:
533:
505:
388:
361:
allocated 50% of expenditure on civil engineering projects. Works included reconstruction of the
342:
many overseas projects were halted, and work in France was much reduced. Under pressure from the
1057:"The French Societe de Construction des Batignolles : From manufacture to public utilities"
999:
434:
1256:
1238:
1228:
1135:
1024:
606:
Fonds d'Investissement pour le Développement
Economique et Social des Territoires d'Outre Mer
513:
1201:
1112:
501:
495:
483:
475:
362:
335:
112:
52:
931:
Jean Monville et al, "Une Histoire de SPIE, Naître et renaître", p.117 (p.126 html version)
263:
259:, were high (over 25% in the 1890s), and allowed expansion without share issues or loans.
1042:
Pierre Said Mohamed (1995), "L'Echec du relevement autonome : 1955–1968", pp.326–329
133:
65:
524:
As of 2011 Spie Batignolles continues to undertake civil engineering construction work.
710:
308:
1277:
705:
347:
478:
was negative. In 1967 was decided to merge the company with the engineering company
291:
in Paris, transferring locomotive and other manufacturing to the Nantes subsidiary.
804:
Rang-ri Park-Barjot, (2004 conference paper), 2 The Rise of a global group strategy
439:
1068:
1250:
1220:
1018:
890:, "Une Histoire de SPIE, Naître et renaître", p.112-115 (p.121-124 html version)
450:
396:
358:
189:
1067:; European Business History Association (EBHA), 2004 Conference, archived from
458:
320:
81:
1252:
La Société de construction des Batignolles de 1914–1939: histoire d'un déclin
1242:
664:
651:
583:
570:
877:, "Une Histoire de SPIE, Naître et renaître", p.50-54 (p.59-63 html version)
400:
832:"Compagnie générale de construction de locomotives (Batignolles-Châtillon)"
1205:
1116:
211:
On 1 January 1872 the company was converted to a joint stock company, the
411:
274:
Compagnie générale de construction de locomotives (Batignolles-Châtillon)
201:
87:
Compagnie générale de construction de locomotives (Batignolles-Châtillon)
354:. He was released and returned to the position of CEO in October 1946.
256:
236:
205:
278:
240:
185:
414:, Egypt) that put SCB into financial deficit: The dam, built on the
200:
constructing a 25 km (16 mi) section of a line across the
107:
In 1968 the company merged with the electrical engineering company
454:
392:
324:
248:
176:
346:, Ernest Goüin (CEO) agreed to help with the construction of the
152:(1845); initially the company focused on locomotive manufacture.
1294:
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1871
517:
509:
443:
343:
116:
469:). The company income grew modestly in the late 1950s. In 1962
357:
The immediate postwar period was a prosperous one for SCB; the
961:"L'aide publique au développement et le développement durable"
756:"Société de construction des Batignolles", Archives nationales
1123:
Jean Monville; Xavier Bezançon; Pascal Omnès, eds. (2010),
552:
Contracts with EDF were through the subsidiary SOTRABAS,
395:
and the 1,830-metre-long (6,000 ft) bridge over the
144:
With the financial backing of several bankers, including
284:
Société des forges de Châtillon-Commentry-Neuves-Maisons
1284:
Construction and civil engineering companies of France
198:
Compañía de los Caminos de Hierro del Norte de España
159:
into France, and gained orders from the not only the
906:
Pierre Said Mohamed (1995), pp.324, footnotes 49–57
80:
72:
59:
48:
40:
32:
1168:"Une Histoire de SPIE : Naitre et renaitre"
1017:Mamdouh Shahin (1985), "9.2.2.6 Efina barrage",
512:leveraged management buyout. The company became
508:until 1997, when it was divested as part of an
461:. To compensate for the loss of markets due to
1134:(in French), SPIE / éditions Michel de Maule,
860:, "Une Histoire de SPIE, Naître et renaître",
817:, "Une Histoire de SPIE, Naître et renaître",
8:
986:Idioma; International Modern Language Review
311:, and ports in Madagascar and Djibouti, the
18:
1304:Manufacturing companies established in 1871
621:, a development agency, later known as the
1289:Defunct locomotive manufacturers of France
1125:"Une Histoire de SPIE, Naître et renaître"
1006:(in French), Nicholas Janberg's Structurae
17:
1084:"Société de construction des Batignolles"
959:Jean-Michel Severinno (26 October 2004),
1063:, Department of Economics and Business,
902:
900:
898:
896:
623:Caisse Centrale de la France d'Outre-Mer
554:La Société de Travaux Batignolles Savoie
482:. The merger took place in 1968 forming
350:, for which he was imprisoned after the
293:
287:. In 1928 SCB closed its factory on the
245:Compagnie des chemins de fer Bône-Guelma
692:
636:Société Camerounaise de Travaux Publics
545:
387:, and CAIFOM, (and in association with
225:Société de Construction des Batignolles
219:Société de Construction des Batignolles
213:Société de Construction des Batignolles
96:Société de Construction des Batignolles
19:Société de Construction des Batignolles
1088:www.archivesnationales.culture.gouv.fr
836:www.archivesnationales.culture.gouv.fr
420:Netherlandsche Maatschappij Voor Haven
1227:(in French), Presses Paris Sorbonne,
1020:Hydrology of the Nile Basin, Volume 2
918:
916:
914:
912:
800:
798:
796:
786:
784:
782:
780:
778:
446:acquired a 20% stake in the company.
405:African Batignolles Construction Ltd.
171:. A financial crisis (as well as the
7:
1299:French companies established in 1871
1225:Collection du Centre Roland Mousnier
819:La SCB et le Premier Conflit Mondial
768:
766:
764:
762:
752:
750:
748:
746:
736:
734:
732:
223:Conversion to a public company, the
862:La Chantiers Géants de Construction
565:Barrage de Foum-el-Gherza, Algeria
115:. After being briefly owned by the
988:, vol. 5–6, 1968, p. 320
14:
1174:(in French), SPIE, archived from
972:Agence Française de Développement
300:Trinity Bridge (Saint Petersburg)
155:The company introduced the first
319:), and began work on a dam near
138:Chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans
24:
740:Rang-Ri Park (2000), pp.364–371
619:Caisse de la France d'Outre-Mer
302:was built between 1897 and 1903
188:, and became a supplier to the
281:was formed by the SCB and the
1:
1255:(in French), Librairie Droz,
1194:Histoire, Économie et Société
1105:Histoire, Économie et Société
76:Railway construction, bridges
1219:Rang-Ri Park-Barjot (2005),
1092:Archives nationales (France)
840:Archives nationales (France)
467:Juanda International Airport
372:Barrage de Donzère-Mondragon
334:In the years preceding the
44:Ernest Goüin et Cie. (1846)
1320:
493:
429:Crédit National d'Escompte
340:German military occupation
327:. The construction of the
1023:, Elsevier, p. 449,
942:"Histoire locale – FIDES"
377:Barrage de Foum-el-Gherza
329:Chemin de fer Congo-Océan
317:Chemin de fer Congo-Océan
23:
864:p.49 (p.58 html version)
821:p.48 (p.57 html version)
500:The company was part of
381:French Equatorial Africa
369:, including the 2000GWh
1065:Pompeu Fabra University
665:31.305769°N 30.519403°E
680:, constructed 1948–51.
608:, a development agency
584:34.852686°N 5.923836°E
424:First Arab-Israeli war
303:
140:, founded the company
1206:10.3406/hes.1995.1776
1117:10.3406/hes.2000.2124
1055:Rang-ri Park-Barjot,
701:"Spie Batignolles SA"
463:French decolonisation
297:
161:Chemin de Fer du Nord
150:Chemin de Fer du Nord
132:On 18 February 1847,
1249:Anne Burnel (1995),
1098:on 27 September 2011
846:on 27 September 2011
670:31.305769; 30.519403
442:through its holding
379:was constructed. In
352:Liberation of France
307:construction of the
253:Saint-Louis, Senegal
247:, and the line from
229:Ernest Gouin et Cie.
142:Ernest Gouin et Cie.
128:Ernest Goüin et Cie.
101:Ernest Gouin et Cie.
1163:Interactive version
1000:"Pont sur le Wouri"
946:www2.budget.gouv.fr
661: /
589:34.852686; 5.923836
580: /
471:Jean-Edouard Empain
313:Congo-Ocean Railway
243:in Algeria for the
169:Paris Lyon railways
157:Crampton locomotive
146:James de Rothschild
20:
1178:on 12 January 2012
1172:beevirtua.spie.com
1132:beevirtua.spie.com
717:on 14 October 2012
534:Alexandre Lavalley
304:
1141:978-2-87623-278-5
375:. In Algeria the
92:
91:
36:Civil engineering
1311:
1265:
1245:
1208:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1151:on 27 March 2012
1150:
1144:, archived from
1129:
1119:
1099:
1094:, archived from
1079:
1078:
1076:
1071:on 27 March 2012
1061:www.econ.upf.edu
1043:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1004:fr.structurae.de
996:
990:
989:
982:
976:
975:
965:
956:
950:
949:
938:
932:
929:
923:
920:
907:
904:
891:
884:
878:
871:
865:
854:
848:
847:
842:, archived from
828:
822:
811:
805:
802:
791:
788:
773:
770:
757:
754:
741:
738:
727:
726:
724:
722:
713:. Archived from
697:
681:
676:
675:
673:
672:
671:
666:
662:
659:
658:
657:
654:
645:
639:
632:
626:
615:
609:
602:
596:
595:
594:
592:
591:
590:
585:
581:
578:
577:
576:
573:
563:
557:
550:
502:Spie Batignolles
496:Spie Batignolles
484:SPIE Batignolles
476:operating income
363:Port of Le Havre
336:Second World War
289:Avenue de Clichy
268:Avenue de Clichy
113:Spie Batignolles
53:Spie Batignolles
28:
21:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1263:
1248:
1235:
1218:
1215:
1191:
1181:
1179:
1166:
1154:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1127:
1122:
1102:
1082:
1074:
1072:
1054:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1016:
1015:
1011:
998:
997:
993:
984:
983:
979:
963:
958:
957:
953:
940:
939:
935:
930:
926:
921:
910:
905:
894:
885:
881:
872:
868:
855:
851:
830:
829:
825:
812:
808:
803:
794:
789:
776:
771:
760:
755:
744:
739:
730:
720:
718:
699:
698:
694:
690:
685:
684:
669:
667:
663:
660:
655:
652:
650:
648:
647:
646:
642:
633:
629:
616:
612:
603:
599:
588:
586:
582:
579:
574:
571:
569:
567:
566:
564:
560:
551:
547:
542:
530:
506:Schneider group
504:; owned by the
498:
492:
435:Crédit Lyonnais
264:First World War
221:
173:1848 revolution
163:, but also the
130:
125:
62:
12:
11:
5:
1317:
1315:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1270:External links
1268:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1246:
1233:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1200:(2): 317–329,
1189:
1188:
1187:
1140:
1120:
1111:(3): 361–386,
1100:
1080:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1035:
1029:
1009:
991:
977:
951:
933:
924:
908:
892:
886:Jean Monville
879:
873:Jean Monville
866:
856:Jean Monville
849:
823:
813:Jean Monville
806:
792:
774:
758:
742:
728:
691:
689:
686:
683:
682:
678:Edfina barrage
640:
627:
617:CAIFOM :
610:
597:
558:
544:
543:
541:
538:
537:
536:
529:
526:
494:Main article:
491:
488:
309:Port of Gdynia
220:
217:
129:
126:
124:
121:
90:
89:
84:
78:
77:
74:
70:
69:
63:
60:
57:
56:
50:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
34:
30:
29:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1316:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1269:
1264:
1262:2-600-00094-1
1258:
1254:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1234:2-84050-389-1
1230:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1147:
1143:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1107:(in French),
1106:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1090:(in French),
1089:
1085:
1081:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1030:9780444424334
1026:
1022:
1021:
1013:
1010:
1005:
1001:
995:
992:
987:
981:
978:
973:
970:(in French),
969:
962:
955:
952:
947:
943:
937:
934:
928:
925:
919:
917:
915:
913:
909:
903:
901:
899:
897:
893:
889:
883:
880:
876:
870:
867:
863:
859:
853:
850:
845:
841:
838:(in French),
837:
833:
827:
824:
820:
816:
810:
807:
801:
799:
797:
793:
787:
785:
783:
781:
779:
775:
769:
767:
765:
763:
759:
753:
751:
749:
747:
743:
737:
735:
733:
729:
716:
712:
708:
707:
706:Business Week
702:
696:
693:
687:
679:
674:
644:
641:
637:
631:
628:
624:
620:
614:
611:
607:
604:FIDES :
601:
598:
593:
562:
559:
555:
549:
546:
539:
535:
532:
531:
527:
525:
522:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
497:
489:
487:
485:
481:
477:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
447:
445:
441:
437:
436:
431:
430:
425:
421:
417:
416:Rosetta canal
413:
408:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
373:
368:
364:
360:
355:
353:
349:
348:Atlantic Wall
345:
341:
337:
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
301:
296:
292:
290:
286:
285:
280:
276:
275:
269:
265:
260:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
232:
230:
226:
218:
216:
214:
209:
207:
203:
199:
193:
191:
187:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
165:Paris Orléans
162:
158:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
127:
122:
120:
118:
114:
110:
105:
103:
102:
97:
88:
85:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
64:
58:
54:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
22:
16:
1251:
1224:
1197:
1193:
1180:, retrieved
1176:the original
1171:
1162:
1153:, retrieved
1146:the original
1131:
1108:
1104:
1096:the original
1087:
1073:, retrieved
1069:the original
1060:
1038:
1019:
1012:
1003:
994:
985:
980:
967:
954:
945:
936:
927:
887:
882:
874:
869:
861:
857:
852:
844:the original
835:
826:
818:
814:
809:
719:. Retrieved
715:the original
704:
695:
677:
643:
635:
634:SCTP :
630:
622:
618:
613:
605:
600:
561:
553:
548:
523:
499:
448:
440:Empain group
433:
427:
419:
409:
404:
389:Schneider SA
370:
356:
333:
328:
316:
305:
282:
272:
267:
261:
233:
228:
224:
222:
212:
210:
194:
154:
141:
134:Ernest Goüin
131:
106:
100:
99:
95:
93:
82:Subsidiaries
66:Ernest Goüin
15:
668: /
587: /
451:River Rhine
365:, dams for
359:Monnet Plan
190:French Navy
41:Predecessor
1278:Categories
1213:Literature
968:www.afd.fr
688:References
656:30°31′10″E
653:31°18′21″N
572:34°51′10″N
459:Strasbourg
321:Sansanding
68:and family
61:Key people
1243:1621-4129
711:Bloomberg
575:5°55′26″E
401:Guayaquil
49:Successor
1165: :
625:(CCFOM).
528:See also
453:between
432:and the
412:Metoubes
383:through
202:Pyrenees
181:Asnières
167:and the
111:to form
73:Products
33:Industry
1182:17 July
1155:17 July
1075:17 July
1049:Sources
721:19 July
514:Spie SA
323:on the
257:Tunisia
206:Vistula
123:History
1259:
1241:
1231:
1138:
1027:
490:Legacy
279:Nantes
241:Guelma
186:Nantes
55:(1968)
1149:(PDF)
1128:(PDF)
974:(AFD)
964:(PDF)
888:et al
875:et al
858:et al
815:et al
540:Notes
455:Basel
397:Wouri
393:Doula
385:FIDES
344:Nazis
325:Niger
249:Dakar
177:Seine
1257:ISBN
1239:ISSN
1229:ISBN
1184:2011
1157:2011
1136:ISBN
1077:2011
1025:ISBN
723:2011
518:AMEC
510:AMEC
480:SPIE
457:and
444:SPIE
298:The
262:The
237:Bône
117:AMEC
109:SPIE
94:The
1202:doi
1113:doi
367:EDF
277:in
251:to
239:to
179:at
1280::
1237:,
1223:,
1198:14
1196:,
1170:,
1130:,
1109:19
1086:,
1059:,
1002:,
966:,
944:,
911:^
895:^
834:,
795:^
777:^
761:^
745:^
731:^
709:.
703:.
486:.
407:.
215:.
208:.
192:.
1204::
1115::
725:.
638:.
315:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
