634:, which also produces a "ticked" or "salt and pepper" look to the coat, overall. This combination has been called "African tabby" or "African pattern", which may extend all the way to the tip of the tail. It is distinct from previously known blotched tabby patterns found in other breeds in this respect, but otherwise genetically identical, with all the normal tabby features (in cat fancier and judging terms, the patterns share the same ""butterflies" "eyeliner", "bonnet strings", "necklaces" and other characteristic markings). A particular "wood-grain" look is highly prized in show cats
638:
Long-haired specimens are almost unknown. "Chaotic", "chained", and "clouded" marbling patterns have been seen with the advent of the "new line", as deviations away from the earlier established modified blotched tabby pattern, but clearly based on the genetics of the landrace forest specimens from the 1990s. Perhaps owing to the admixture of city specimens, the original Slater lineage also fairly often produces small-spotted instead of blotched cats, perhaps indicating earlier crossbreeding with non-native cats (the
Egyptian Mau, for example, has such a pattern).
394:, a natural form of camouflage. Aside from specific patterns, the cats in this population do not seem vary widely in appearance. The town-dwelling population (presumably through crossbreeding with non-native cats) come in a wider variety of colours and patterns, including white-spotted coats, and some that are mostly black. The urban variety are very similar to an island population a few hundred kilometres north, the subject of a book called
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It is typical for the male to help raise the kittens, getting in the nest box with them. If left together, the mother will often wait months to wean her kittens, even though their development is fairly rapid once they leave the nest box. Breeders expect one to two litters per year, per breeding pair.
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Their coats are short, and coarse but lustrous, with little to no undercoat. Recessive colours and traits are rare. Noted so far (and not accepted for showing by most registries) are seal lynx point (accepted for showing in GCCF), melanistic (black or near-black), and "blue" (i.e. grey) colours.
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The Lamu population are under pressure from a sterilisation campaign championed by recent immigrants, while the forest population have become rare for unclear reasons, and more secretive. Eight specimens (only two female) were captured for breeding from the forest in 2001; photographs show that
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The Sokoke does best in a controlled environment, because of their limited resistance to common New World cat illnesses, often found in catteries and multi-cat homes. Like all of the short-haired Asian group of cats, they do not thrive in extreme cold temperatures for extended periods of time.
641:
Sokoke cats are very active and enjoy climbing. They tend to be vocal toward human keepers and other cats with whom they live. They bond deeply to each other, as well as their owners. This trait makes re-homing harder for them, with a longer adjustment period expected in adult cats and older,
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in the original population. As
British cat geneticist and pedigree judge Pat Turner wrote in 1993, in the early days of recognition of the breed's standardisation, the fixing of traits like large "wild-looking" spots that are distinct from other blotched breeds "can only be done by selective
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with wildcats was unlikely, as did features like the long, tapered tail (not characteristic of any wild
African species), a general form consistent with Asian domestic cat breeds (very unlike the cobby figure of wildcats), and the mottled, blotched coat pattern (a characteristic of urban cat
558:, and bred; these became known as the "new line" Sokoke cats, with distinctive features from those of the Slater-developed "old line". The cats caught in the forest from 2001 onward have been added to this breeding programme, as have some more recent specimens.
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The breeding programme was begun in 1978 by Jeni Slater, who originally named the breed the
African Shorthair. She used cats found in and around Watamu, both raised from kittenhood and enticed from the adult feral population with food rewards.
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species (a trait now available in recent bloodlines of the pet breed), but share both tall ears and long body with the already-established formal breed. As with most native landrace populations of cats, these must be under threat of
546:. Slater introduced a darker Watamu street cat specimen into the breeding programme, in 1987, for genetic diversity. Breeder and North American Sokoke Association officer Pat Longley has suggested that this cat introduced the
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The bodies of the
Sokokes are medium-sized overall, long and thin, with long legs. The back legs are longer than the front legs, similar to those of a wildcat. They also have a unique tip-toe gait, in part due to a straighter
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as well as the longer back legs. Their eyes are usually amber to light-green, set in a comparatively small head, with long ears, reminiscent of various species of wild cat, though these are traits intentionally reinforced by
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The forest population tend to consistently "breed true" for ticked coats in brown tones with prominent mottling with large rosette spots, which may fuse. They share this general feature with many other forest-dwelling
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Jeannie
Knocker, an Englishwoman residing near Slater in Kenya, gathered several feral cats near the borders of the forest and kept them penned, producing litters that were exported to the US and Europe,
328:, genetic study has not borne out this belief. Another idea, that the variety is unusually ancient, remains unproven either way. The native population is closely related to an island-dwelling group, the
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pattern seen in some
Sokokes. In 1989, Moeldrop imported more cats from Kenya to strengthen her European breeding stock. Slater also provided at least one to a breeder named Bob Schwartz, in Italy.
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due to human encroachment on the forest and its resources. Although there were ideas that it might be a new subspecies of wildcat, the tameness of the kittens Slater reared suggested that theoretical
483:, being bred out by the imported cats of British and other immigrants, though the standardised form developed from the landrace is common and popular around the world. Similar threats to the
402:, 1998, Lyons Press). All of these populations are characterized by narrow faces compared to other African domestic cats, as well as long ears, long legs, and a lean, not cobby, body.
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Sometimes two litters may come closely in a row, with a longer period of time before further reproduction. Sexual maturity is usually reached at around eight to ten months of age.
579:(FIFe), under the name Sokoke, after the forest. This occurred in 1993, after a multi-breeder demonstration of the new breed's consistent development at a cat show in Denmark.
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progenitors. This dispels the suspicion of some breeders that the cats are at least part modern wildcat – they are no more wild than the rest of the domestic cats. Advances in
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However, contrary to previous reports, they can be acclimated to colder climates, and do not require special housing any more than similar short-haired, Asian-group cats.
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Couffer hypothesises that, due to their isolation and Lamu's ancient history as a trade centre between Africa and Asia, they may be more closely related than even the
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off the Kenyan coast, and the standardized Sokoke are all closely related. CGP categorised them in its "Arabian Sea Racial Group" (among a total of 12 feline "
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coconut plantation, though of course the cats were known for much longer by native people. By that point, the rural population were thought to be nearly
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have now resulted in an ambitious whole-body sequencing effort, called the 99 Cat Genome
Project, which may reveal much more about the origins of the
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have impelled the
Turkish government to hastily set up an official breeding programme to save it in a more pure form than the weakly related
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standardised breeds which bear little resemblance to the landrace feral populations of Van city and the Lake Van area.
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For an example of mention of the "new line" and "old line" distinction, see any number of breeder materials, such as
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from modern cats introduced, and allowed to roam and interbreed, by foreign settlers to the area. For example, the
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to breed in 1983, because Slater feared for the survival of the native cat in Kenya. The cats were first
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Their expected lifespan is the same as any purebred domestic cat, with 15 years an average old age.
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Whether extraneous (e.g., European or Asian) bloodlines were introduced by any breeders is unclear.
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Gloria
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for specific, fixed traits believed to epitomise the distinctions evolved by
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several have very large dark blotches, somewhat reminiscent of the unrelated
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The Sokoke is now also recognised by two national cat registries, the UK
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While modern genetic work has yet to prove or disprove Couffer's idea, a
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and connections that it and the Sokoke has with other cat populations.
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sense, by horse breeder and wildlife artist Jeni Slater in 1978 near
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Std. breed developed from landrace cats, ultimately of Asian origin
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over 4,000 years ago and holding special favour in Ancient Egypt
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coats in shades of brown, broadly similar to those of the
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Sokokes typically have blotched (i.e., large-spotted)
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Domestic Cats: Their History, Breeds and Other Facts
866:; originally published 1998; accessed 3 April 2016,
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
830:"Cobby Cats, Lithe Cats, Curly Cats - Cats.com.au"
806:. Chistiansen, Lene (photographer). Archived from
569:The standardised breed was first recognised by a
312:was obtained, for breed development primarily in
939:"Sokoke - All The Way From Kenya - Cat Concerns"
414:breed to the original cats domesticated in the
437:street cats of eastern Kenya, the cats of the
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1023:published by the Kimburu cattery in Denmark.
344:Coastal Kenya's distinctive, free-roaming,
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296:. The Sokoke is recognized by four major
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
876:summarizes another source in low detail.
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556:registered to establish future pedigrees
756:"The Mysterious History of Sokoke Cats"
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479:is nearly extinct in its homeland, the
1463:Associazione Nazionale Felina Italiana
146:Sokoke Forest Cat, African Shorthair (
758:. North American Sokoke Association.
7:
44:adding citations to reliable sources
762:from the original on 3 January 2015
675:Authors, Various (2 January 2015).
298:cat pedigree registry organizations
1488:Governing Council of the Cat Fancy
591:Governing Council of the Cat Fancy
14:
1948:Congenital sensorineural deafness
1503:The International Cat Association
1458:American Cat Fanciers Association
1060:"Sokoke - All The Way From Kenya"
1035:"Sokoke - All The Way From Kenya"
997:"Sokoke - All The Way From Kenya"
889:"Sokoke - All The Way From Kenya"
708:"Sokoke - All The Way From Kenya"
584:The International Cat Association
308:, the environment from which the
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1483:Fédération Internationale Féline
582:The breed is also registered by
576:Fédération Internationale Féline
433:has determined that the spotted
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2166:Cat breeds originating in Kenya
268:in long form, and formerly the
31:needs additional citations for
1058:Cat, Andrew the (2016-09-19).
1033:Cat, Andrew the (2016-09-19).
995:Cat, Andrew the (2016-09-19).
913:"Sokoke Cat breed information"
887:Cat, Andrew the (2016-09-19).
754:Longley, Pat (9 August 2004).
706:Cat, Andrew the (2016-09-19).
306:Arabuko Sokoke National Forest
1:
937:Andrew the Cat (2016-09-19).
798:Turner, Pat (February 1993).
406:Relation to other populations
962:Nancy Robbins (2012-02-14).
818:– via FortuneCity.com.
601:Standardised characteristics
2117:List of longest-living cats
1998:Lower urinary tract disease
1978:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
1498:Southern Africa Cat Council
2187:
1473:Cat Aficionado Association
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1953:Feline corneal sequestrum
1478:Cat Fanciers' Association
1021:the 20 August 2005 update
431:National Cancer Institute
242:
128:
1468:Canadian Cat Association
642:already-bonded kittens.
595:Canadian Cat Association
373:populations). The feral
304:. It is named after the
135:Neutered male Sokoke cat
2112:List of individual cats
615:. The tail is tapered.
1988:Infectious peritonitis
1983:Immunodeficiency virus
377:were developed into a
2053:Viral rhinotracheitis
2028:Tritrichomonas foetus
1493:New Zealand Cat Fancy
1361:Cats in ancient Egypt
193:Foundation bloodstock
1615:Colorpoint Shorthair
1513:World Cat Federation
1247:Cat–dog relationship
864:The Atlantic Monthly
613:artificial selection
573:, the Belgium-based
292:of eastern, coastal
40:improve this article
1815:Traditional Persian
1600:California Spangled
1570:Brazilian Shorthair
1366:Cultural depictions
1351:Cat-scratch disease
800:"Sokoke Forest Cat"
499:Modern Sokoke breed
2171:Natural cat breeds
1735:Oriental Shorthair
1645:European Shorthair
1560:American Shorthair
1508:World Cat Congress
516:selective breeding
427:Cat Genome Project
379:standardised breed
300:as a standardised
148:standardised breed
2148:
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1973:Hepatic lipidosis
1879:
1878:
1575:British Shorthair
1184:Tortoiseshell cat
877:
565:Breed recognition
542:in 1984, then in
520:natural selection
510:The Sokoke is a "
348: – known as
332:, further north.
270:African Shorthair
266:Sokoke Forest Cat
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2138:
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2122:Cats in folklore
1720:Norwegian Forest
1690:Kurilian Bobtail
1670:Japanese Bobtail
1650:Exotic Shorthair
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1403:National Cat Day
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856:The Cats of Lamu
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691:. Archived from
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416:Fertile Crescent
396:The Cats of Lamu
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868:via Amazon.com
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2048:Toxoplasmosis
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2019:
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2003:Panleukopenia
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1555:American Curl
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425:study by the
424:
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370:hybridisation
367:
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318:United States
315:
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274:natural breed
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182:(std. breed);
181:
180:United States
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67:
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60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1923:Diseases and
1907:
1765:Russian Blue
1640:Egyptian Mau
1532:experimental
1383:Dog-like cat
1326:Ailurophobia
1291:Intelligence
1147:Odd-eyed cat
1067:. Retrieved
1064:Cat Concerns
1063:
1053:
1042:. Retrieved
1039:Cat Concerns
1038:
1028:
1015:
1004:. Retrieved
1001:Cat Concerns
1000:
990:
979:. Retrieved
964:
957:
946:. Retrieved
943:Cat Concerns
942:
932:
921:. Retrieved
919:. 2018-12-20
916:
907:
896:. Retrieved
893:Cat Concerns
892:
882:
863:
859:
855:
837:. Retrieved
833:
824:
812:. Retrieved
808:the original
803:
764:. Retrieved
715:. Retrieved
712:Cat Concerns
711:
701:
693:the original
677:
670:
656:
648:
644:
640:
636:
617:
604:
588:
581:
574:
568:
560:
552:
529:
525:
509:
502:
464:
454:
434:
420:
412:Egyptian Mau
409:
400:Jack Couffer
395:
388:
374:
353:
349:
343:
337:
329:
285:
284:
278:domestic cat
269:
265:
261:
259:
250:
245:Domestic cat
156:
152:
118:Breed of cat
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
2086:New Zealand
2013:Polydactyly
1943:Calicivirus
1835:Turkish Van
1775:Selkirk Rex
1730:Ojos Azules
1620:Cornish Rex
1428:Library cat
1413:Working cat
1341:Cat massage
1336:Cat killers
1318:interaction
1229:Vaccination
1164:Bicolor cat
858:reviews by
834:cats.com.au
632:agouti gene
523:breeding".
489:Turkish Van
481:Isle of Man
385:Description
251:Felis catus
142:Other names
2161:Cat breeds
2155:Categories
2008:Giardiasis
1861:Highlander
1760:Ragamuffin
1700:Maine Coon
1680:Khao Manee
1660:German Rex
1550:Abyssinian
1450:Registries
1433:Ship's cat
1418:Bodega cat
1174:Calico cat
1119:Felinology
1069:2020-05-28
1044:2020-05-28
1006:2020-05-28
981:2016-04-04
948:2020-05-28
923:2020-05-28
898:2020-05-28
839:2023-08-29
717:2020-05-28
662:References
548:lynx point
540:Copenhagen
346:feral cats
322:tabby coat
187:(landrace)
159:(original
96:March 2008
66:newspapers
2071:Australia
2033:Roundworm
1968:Heartworm
1925:disorders
1885:Landraces
1871:Serengeti
1820:Tonkinese
1790:Singapura
1750:Pixie-bob
1745:Peterbald
1665:Himalayan
1630:Devon Rex
1605:Chartreux
1526:full list
1388:Feral cat
1371:fictional
1331:Cat cafés
1316:Human–cat
1207:Declawing
1179:Tabby cat
1169:Black cat
1137:Dwarf cat
804:Cat World
455:khadzonzo
435:khadzonzo
375:khadzonzo
358:cat fancy
350:khadzonzo
338:khadzonzo
336:Original
302:cat breed
286:khadzonzo
153:khadzonzo
2140:Category
2023:Ringworm
1963:Coccidia
1866:Savannah
1795:Snowshoe
1785:Siberian
1710:Munchkin
1675:Javanese
1595:Burmilla
1565:Balinese
1543:domestic
1440:Zoonosis
1423:Farm cat
1376:Internet
1356:Cat show
1346:Cat meat
1286:Kneading
1262:valerian
1252:Catfight
1239:Behavior
1152:Squitten
1132:Genetics
917:Your Cat
760:Archived
653:Breeding
477:Manx cat
354:kadzonzo
340:landrace
330:Lamu cat
316:and the
290:landrace
237:standard
225:standard
213:standard
161:landrace
157:kadzonzo
55:"Sokoke"
2105:Related
1856:Chausie
1780:Siamese
1755:Ragdoll
1740:Persian
1635:Donskoy
1590:Burmese
1408:Pet cat
1127:Anatomy
870:.
814:3 April
766:3 April
597:(CCA).
532:Denmark
506:History
485:Van cat
447:wildcat
366:extinct
314:Denmark
220:CCA-AFC
176:Denmark
80:scholar
2076:Canada
2018:Rabies
1938:Asthma
1908:Sokoke
1903:Kellas
1898:Cyprus
1893:Aegean
1851:Bengal
1844:Hybrid
1825:Toyger
1805:Sphynx
1800:Somali
1725:Ocicat
1655:Foldex
1625:Cymric
1585:Bombay
1580:Birman
1522:Breeds
1398:Lolcat
1306:Senses
1257:Catnip
1222:senior
1194:Health
1142:Kitten
972:
685:
678:My Cat
628:Ocicat
624:Bengal
608:stifle
544:Odense
461:Status
392:felids
362:Watamu
326:hybrid
262:Sokoke
168:Origin
124:Sokoke
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
2081:Japan
1695:Lykoi
1685:Korat
1541:Fully
1202:Aging
872:This
620:tabby
536:shown
294:Kenya
282:feral
272:) is
185:Kenya
172:Kenya
87:JSTOR
73:books
2043:Tick
1958:Flea
1933:Acne
1810:Thai
1705:Manx
1279:Purr
1274:Meow
1212:Diet
970:ISBN
862:and
816:2016
768:2016
683:ISBN
626:and
491:and
443:race
398:(by
264:(or
260:The
232:GCCF
208:FIFe
59:news
1913:Van
538:in
423:DNA
352:or
276:of
155:or
42:by
2157::
1062:.
1037:.
999:.
941:.
915:.
891:.
848:^
832:.
802:.
776:^
726:^
710:.
681:.
178:,
174:,
150:);
1534:)
1530:(
1528:)
1524:(
1103:e
1096:t
1089:v
1072:.
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951:.
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842:.
770:.
720:.
254:)
248:(
163:)
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
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