792:
learn the languages of many nations, and so adorn their discourses with the smoothness of their periods; because they look upon this sort of accomplishment as common, not only to all sorts of free-men, but to as many of the servants as please to learn them. But they give him the testimony of being a wise man who is fully acquainted with our laws, and is able to interpret their meaning; on which account, as there have been many who have done their endeavors with great patience to obtain this learning, there have yet hardly been so many as two or three that have succeeded therein, who were immediately well rewarded for their pains.
1783:
corruption, avarice and deceit; the other bids farewell to these things. We cannot, therefore, be the friends of both; and it behoves us, by renouncing the one, to make sure of the other. Let us reckon that it is better to hate the things present, since they are trifling, and transient, and corruptible; and to love those as being good and incorruptible. For if we do the will of Christ, we shall find rest; otherwise, nothing shall deliver us from eternal punishment, if we disobey His commandments.
5245:
565:
33:
146:
1769:
not been faithful in the unrighteous mammon, who will commit to your trust the true riches? And if ye have not been faithful in that which is another man's, who shall give you that which is your own? No servant can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other; or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon.
577:
2142:
Others see these words in the context of Psalm 22 and suggest that Jesus recited these words, perhaps even the whole psalm, "that he might show himself to be the very Being to whom the words refer; so that the Jewish scribes and people might examine and see the cause why he would not descend from the
1768:
And I say unto you, Make to yourselves friends of the mammon of unrighteousness; that, when ye fail, they may receive you into everlasting habitations. He that is faithful in that which is least is faithful also in much: and he that is unjust in the least is unjust also in much. If therefore ye have
3684:
Fitzmyer, Joseph A. A Wandering
Armenian: Collected Aramaic Essays. P.43: "The adverb Ἑβραïστί (and its related expressions) seems to mean 'in Hebrew', and it has often been argued that it means this and nothing more. As is well known, it is used at times with words and expressions that are clearly
866:
from Greek into
English) also points out, "We learn from the proem that the Greek text was not the first draft of the work. It had been preceded by a narrative written in Aramaic and addressed to "the barbarians in the interior", who are more precisely defined lower down as the natives of Parthia,
823:
I have proposed to myself, for the sake of such as live under the government of the Romans, to translate those books into the Greek tongue, which I formerly composed in the language of our country, and sent to the Upper
Barbarians; Joseph, the son of Matthias, by birth a Hebrew, a priest also, and
791:
I have also taken a great deal of pains to obtain the learning of the Greeks, and understand the elements of the Greek language, although I have so long accustomed myself to speak our own tongue, that I cannot pronounce Greek with sufficient exactness; for our nation does not encourage those that
2528:, 'sons of' (the plural of 'bar'), Aramaic (בני). This is represented by βοάνη (boanē), giving two vowels in the first syllable where one would be sufficient. It could be inferred from this that the Greek transliteration may not be a good one. The second part of the name is often reckoned to be
2134:
This saying is taken by some as an abandonment of the Son by the Father. Another interpretation holds that at the moment when Jesus took upon himself the sins of humanity, the Father had to turn away from the Son because the Father is "of purer eyes than to see evil and cannot look at wrong"
1782:
Now the Lord declares, "No servant can serve two masters." If we desire, then, to serve both God and mammon, it will be unprofitable for us. "For what will it profit if a man gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?" This world and the next are two enemies. The one urges to adultery and
835:
I thought it therefore an absurd thing to see the truth falsified in affairs of such great consequence, and to take no notice of it; but to suffer those Greeks and Romans that were not in the wars to be ignorant of these things, and to read either flatteries or fictions, while the
762:
In another book by
Sigalit Ben-Zion, Yadin said: "it seems that this change came as a result of the order that was given by Bar Kokhba, who wanted to revive the Hebrew language and make it the official language of the state." Yadin points out that Aramaic was the regional
895:
Josephus differentiated Hebrew from his language and that of first-century Israel. Josephus refers to Hebrew words as belonging to "the Hebrew tongue" but refers to
Aramaic words as belonging to "our tongue" or "our language" or "the language of our country".
759:, Yigael Yadin notes, "It is interesting that the earlier documents are written in Aramaic while the later ones are in Hebrew. Possibly the change was made by a special decree of Bar Kokhba who wanted to restore Hebrew as the official language of the state".
2752:, "twin". Therefore, rather than two personal names, Thomas Didymus, there is a single nickname, the Twin. Christian tradition gives him the personal name Judas, and he was perhaps named Thomas to distinguish him from others of the same name.
1695:
But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell
714:
empires (722–330 BC) and remained a common language of the region in the first century AD. In spite of the increasing importance of Greek, the use of
Aramaic was also expanding, and it would eventually be dominant among Jews both in the
2736:) is listed among the disciples of Jesus in all four gospels and the Acts of the Apostles. However, it is only in John's Gospel that more information is given. In three places (John 11:16, 20:24 and 21:2), he is given the name Didymus (
2005:. The one used in Matthew, Ἠλί, fits in better with the אלי of the original Hebrew Psalm, as has been pointed out in the literature; however, it may also be Aramaic because this form is attested abundantly in Aramaic as well.
3659:
For a complete list of all transliterated words in the
Synoptic Gospels, see Joshua N. Tilton and David N. Bivin, "Greek Transliterations of Hebrew, Aramaic and Hebrew/Aramaic Words in the Synoptic Gospels" at
3300:
It is generally agreed that
Aramaic was the common language of Israel in the first century AD. Jesus and his disciples spoke the Galilean dialect, which was distinguished from that of Jerusalem (Matt. 26:73)
2638:) is added in Greek to make the name masculine rather than feminine. That the meaning of the name was more important than the name itself is evidenced by the universal acceptance of the Greek translation,
1541:
Once again, the
Aramaic word is given with the transliteration, only this time, the word to be transliterated is more complicated. In Greek, the Aramaic is written ἐφφαθά. This could be from the Aramaic
2139:). Other theologians understand the cry as that of one who was truly human and who felt forsaken. Put to death by his foes, very largely deserted by his friends, he may have also felt deserted by God.
2360:
Personal names in the New
Testament come from a number of languages; Hebrew and Greek are most common. However, there are a few Aramaic names as well. The most prominent feature in Aramaic names is
2203:
were used at the time the Greek New Testament was written (Ι; still, it is the smallest of all the Greek majuscules) and because the Torah was written in Hebrew, it probably represents the Hebrew
2471:
meaning "son of prophecy", "the prophet", but given the Greek translation υἱὸς παρακλήσεως; usually translated as "son of consolation/encouragement", the Greek could mean "invocation" as well).
1351:) but this term is often applied to unmistakably Aramaic words and phrases; for this reason, it is often interpreted as meaning "the (Aramaic) vernacular of the Jews" in recent translations.
3698:
For example: η επιλεγομενη εβραιστι βηθεσδα "which is called in the Hebrew tongue Bethesda" (John 5.2). This is not a Hebrew name but rather an Aramaic one: בית חסדא, "the house of Hisda".
1638:
The Spirit you received does not make you slaves, so that you live in fear again; rather, the Spirit you received brought about your adoption to sonship. And by him we cry, "Abba, Father."
1789:
In Aramaic, it could be ממון (or, in the typical Aramaic "emphatic" state suggested by the Greek ending, ממונא). This is usually considered to be an originally Aramaic word borrowed into
2027:). The Alexandrian, Western and Caesarean textual families all reflect harmonization of the texts between Matthew and Mark. Only the Byzantine textual tradition preserves a distinction.
2019:
Almost all ancient Greek manuscripts show signs of trying to normalize the two slightly different versions of Jesus's saying, presented in Mark and Matthew. For instance, the peculiar
3685:
Aramaic. Thus in John 19:13, Ἑβραιστὶ δὲ Γαββαθᾶ is given as an explanation of the Lithostrotos, and Γαββαθᾶ is a Grecized form of the Aramaic word gabbětā, 'raised place.'"
3896:
Williams P.J. 2004. The linguistic background to Jesus' Dereliction Cry. The New Testament in its first century setting (ed. Williams P.J., Andre D. Clarke et al.) p. 7-8.
879:(B. i, 3, 6). Of this Aramaic work the Greek is described as a "version" made for the benefit of the subjects of the Roman Empire, i.e. the Graeco-Roman world at large.
1751:
No one can serve two masters: for either they will hate the one, and love the other; or else they will hold to the one, and despise the other. You cannot serve God and
4320:"The Riddle of Jesus' Cry from the Cross: The Meaning of ηλι ηλι λαμα σαβαχθανι (Matthew 27:46) and the Literary Function of ελωι ελωι λειμα σαβαχθανι (Mark 15:34)"
4830:
2171:
For assuredly, I say to you, till heaven and earth pass away, one jot or one tittle will by no means pass from the Law (that is, the Torah) till all is fulfilled.
172:
903:
were at this time in a flourishing condition, and they expected the Israelites with a great army at the city Bezek, having put the government into the hands of
4825:
4820:
2861:
The place where Jesus takes his disciples to pray before his arrest is given the Greek transliteration Γεθσημανῆ (Gethsēmanē). It represents the Aramaic
689:
354:
347:
192:
4930:
1658:
in Aramaic), is immediately followed by the Greek equivalent (Πατήρ) with no explicit mention of it being a translation. In Aramaic, it would be אבא.
3878:
1503:. The older manuscripts, therefore, used a Greek spelling that reflected pronunciation, whereas the addition of an 'ι' was perhaps due to a bookish
921:(KJV), the gospel-writer narrates that Jesus, "bearing his cross went forth into a place called the place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrew
2996:
When Pilate heard these words, he brought Jesus outside and sat on the judge's bench at a place called The Stone Pavement, or in Hebrew, Gabbatha.
3430:
There is general agreement that two main periods of RH (Rabbinical Hebrew) can be distinguished. The first, which lasted until the close of the
664:. Based on the symbolic renaming or nicknaming of some of his apostles it is also likely that Jesus or at least one of his apostles knew enough
4501:
3049:'s death is clearly named Field of Blood in Greek. However, the manuscript tradition gives a number of different spellings of the Aramaic. The
309:
1329:
words. When the text itself refers to the language of such Semitic glosses, it uses words meaning "Hebrew"/"Jewish" (Acts 21:40; 22:2; 26:14:
4878:
4205:
3742:
3566:
3541:
3405:
420:
3854:
Davies, William D. and Dale C. Allison. 1997. Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Gospel According to Saint Matthew. Volume III. P.624
2582:
He brought him to Jesus. Jesus looked at him and said, "You are Simon son of John, you shall be called Cephas", which is translated 'Peter'.
4858:
4602:
415:
3694:
The Cambridge History of Judaism: The late Roman-Rabbinic period. 2006. P.460: "Thus in certain sources Aramaic words are termed "Hebrew,"
3614:
Josephus with an English Translation by H. St. J. Thackeray, M.A., in Nine Volumes, II the Jewish War, Books I-III, Introduction, page ix
802:
In the first century AD, the Aramaic language was widespread throughout the Middle East, as is supported by the testimony of Josephus's
5183:
3972:
Brunson, Andrew. 2003. Psalm 118 in the Gospel of John: An Intertextual Study on the New Exodus Pattern in the Theology of John. P.204
2644:(Petros). It is not known why Paul uses the Aramaic name rather than the Greek name for Simon Peter when he writes to the churches in
1521:
50:
1895:
Depending on how one selects to split the single Greek expression of the early manuscripts into Aramaic, it could be either מרנא תא (
5269:
4469:
4446:
4423:
4400:
4377:
4354:
4331:
4308:
4285:
4262:
4239:
3784:
3492:
3383:
3358:
3293:
116:
4018:
819:
through books he wrote "in the language of our country", prior to translating into Greek for the benefit of the Greeks and Romans:
324:
4366:"Hebrew, Aramaic, and the Differing Phenomena of Targum and Translation in the Second Temple Period and Post-Second Temple Period"
3468:. Then it continued to be used in later rabbinic writings until the tenth century in, for example, the Hebrew portions of the two
910:
In this example, Josephus refers to an Aramaic word as belonging to "our language": "This new-built part of the city was called '
2524:. Given the Greek translation provided by the Biblical text ('Sons of Thunder'), it seems that the first element of the name is
97:
5279:
5059:
5017:
4958:
2428:
607:
460:
2352:, save (us)", but the original Biblical Hebrew form was הושיעה נא. The shortened form הושע could be either Aramaic or Hebrew.
69:
5030:
4853:
4694:
4163:
Since it wasn't actually a name anyone ever had, it seems unlikely that two people were independently given it as a nickname.
3725:
2687:
2502:
And James, the son of Zebedee, and John, the brother of James, and he gave them the name Boanerges, which is Sons of Thunder.
2322:
427:
403:
54:
1382:
3254:
There is wide consensus among scholars that Aramaic was the primary language spoken by the Jews of first century Palestine.
2703:, who argued that Peter and Cephas are the same person. Ehrman later retracted his proposal, deeming it "highly unlikely".
2053:
The most likely rendition of the phrase in its original Aramaic, as said by Jesus, would have been "אלי, אלי, למה שבקתני",
875:, and the inhabitants of Adiabene, a principality of which the reigning house, as was proudly remembered, were converts to
852:, by my means, knew accurately both whence the war begun, what miseries it brought upon us, and after what manner it ended.
5119:
4736:
4597:
3507:
3312:
1918:
1395:
And taking the hand of the child, he said to her, "Talitha kum", which translates as, "Little girl, I say to you, get up."
1313:
661:
3711:, W.B.Eeerdmans, Grand Rapids, Michigan 1979, 4 vols. vol.1 sub.'Aramaic' p.233: 'in the Aramaic vernacular of Palestine'
1612:"Abba, Father," he said, "everything is possible for you. Take this cup from me. Yet not what I will, but what you will."
76:
5225:
4987:
4526:
3187:
3081:
at the end of the word is difficult to explain, the Septuagint similarly adds this sound to the end of the Semitic name
1424:
447:
364:
2868:
In Aramaic, it could be ܓܕܣܡܢ. This place name is more properly an Aramaized version of an original Hebrew place name.
3434:(around 200 CE), is characterized by RH as a spoken language gradually developing into a literary medium in which the
319:
4297:"Distinguishing Hebrew from Aramaic in Semitized Greek Texts, with an Application for the Gospels and Pseudepigrapha"
3017:, so perhaps a raised flat area near the temple. The final "א" could then represent the emphatic state of the noun.
2742:), the Greek word for a twin. In fact, "the Twin" is not just a surname, it is a translation of "Thomas". The Greek
1912:
1873:
to the God (Son) of David! If any one is holy, let him come; if any one is not so, let him repent. Maran-Atha. Amen.
5274:
4970:
4873:
4803:
4564:
4494:
4228:"The Origins of the Exclusive Aramaic Model in the Nineteenth Century: Methodological Fallacies and Subtle Motives"
3160:
2780:
The disciple's name is given both in Aramaic (Ταβιθά) and Greek (Δορκάς). The Aramaic name is a transliteration of
1625:
Because you are his sons, God sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, the Spirit who calls out, "Abba, Father."
514:
259:
83:
2669:, though this is perhaps Clement's way of deflecting the condemnation from Simon Peter. In 1708, a French Jesuit,
43:
5002:
4905:
4039:
1813:
like a Greek word, whereas many of the other Aramaic and Hebrew words are treated as indeclinable foreign words.
274:
3097:). The sound may be a dialectic feature of either the Greek speakers or the original Semitic language speakers.
2937:
And carrying his cross by himself, he went out to the so-called Place of the Skull, which is called in 'Hebrew'
2536:('anger') Aramaic (רגז). Maurice Casey, however, argues that it is a simple misreading of the word for thunder,
5052:
4925:
4726:
4664:
3581:
Book "Bar Kokhba: The rediscovery of the legendary hero of the last Jewish Revolt Against Imperial Rome" p. 234
2601:
2596:
But I say that each of you says "I am of Paul", or "I am of Apollos", or "I am of Cephas", or "I am of Christ".
1617:
1416:
487:
3866:
824:
one who at first fought against the Romans myself, and was forced to be present at what was done afterwards, .
65:
2673:, wrote a dissertation that argues "Peter" was actually "another Peter", thus the emphasis of using the name
918:
4980:
4619:
1844:
used as title of Jesus in Matthew 26:25,49; Mark 9:5, 11:21, 14:45; John 1:38, 1:49, 4:31, 6:25, 9:2, 11:8.
1529:
925:." The last word is, in fact, Aramaic. The word "Golgotha" is a transliteration of an Aramaic word, because
883:
625:
3036:
And this became known to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so that field was called, in their own dialect,
755:
in the documents he studied, which had been written during the time of the Bar Kokhba revolt. In his book,
5220:
5147:
4813:
4582:
2722:
Then Thomas, who was called Didymus, said to his co-disciples, "Now let us go that we might die with him!"
2691:, similarly arguing that Peter and Cephas should be understood as different people, citing the writing of
2121:
2101:
1267:
1260:
1255:
1231:
1212:
1205:
1196:
1191:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1114:
1092:
1083:
1078:
1052:
1043:
1038:
1007:
1002:
965:
724:
669:
637:
442:
373:
269:
3875:
3720:
Matthew Black. An Aramaic Approach to the Gospels and Acts. Hendrickson Publishers Marketing, LLC, 1998.
2949:
Aramaic, means 'skull'. The name appears in all of the gospels except Luke, which calls the place simply
2143:
cross; namely, because this very psalm showed that it was appointed that he should suffer these things."
816:
5102:
5035:
4940:
4920:
4915:
4755:
4669:
4559:
4487:
3776:
2872:גת is a normal word for press in Hebrew, generally used for a wine press not an olive press though; and
2692:
2656:
2508:
1630:
1250:
707:
699:
539:
534:
472:
249:
234:
197:
155:
2564:, which would fit with a later composition for it, based on a Byzantine reading of the original Greek.
2008:
In the next verse, in both accounts, some who hear Jesus' cry imagine that he is calling for help from
1929:, it is given as Ἐλωΐ, Ἐλωΐ, λαμὰ σαβαχθανί. The differences between the two are the use, in Mark, of
5069:
5064:
4840:
4731:
4592:
4177:
3028:
2763:
2696:
2612:
Then after three years I did go up to Jerusalem to visit Cephas and stayed with him for fifteen days;
2410:
2394:
1834:
Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turned herself, and saith unto him, Rabboni; which is to say, Master.
1646:, an originally Aramaic form borrowed into the Greek Old Testament as a name (2Chr 29:1) , common in
1568:
985:
494:
410:
386:
239:
4148:
2380:
5040:
4711:
4630:
4626:
4536:
3239:
2666:
2659:, there were two people named Cephas: one was Apostle Simon Peter, and the other was one of Jesus'
2251:
1879:
1599:
1133:
703:
600:
569:
477:
393:
334:
217:
2904:(see Caspar Levias, A Grammar of Galilean Aramaic, Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1986).
2424:
1827:
914:,' in our language, which, if interpreted in the Grecian language, may be called 'the New City.'"
5230:
5215:
5210:
5097:
5076:
4897:
4887:
4760:
4704:
4684:
4129:
4082:
3754:
2474:
2460:
2442:
2404:
2288:
2241:
But the chief priests, taking the pieces of silver, said, ‘It is not lawful to put them into the
1432:
1223:
1106:
959:
757:
Bar Kokhba: The rediscovery of the legendary hero of the last Jewish Revolt Against Imperial Rome
544:
527:
499:
437:
432:
368:
254:
3824:
Fernández, Miguel Pérez and John Elwolde. 1999. An Introductory Grammar of Rabbinic Hebrew. P.5
3400:
1405:
This verse gives an Aramaic phrase, attributed to Jesus bringing the girl back to life, with a
90:
5125:
4997:
4863:
4783:
4674:
4659:
4654:
4614:
4569:
4554:
4465:
4442:
4419:
4396:
4373:
4350:
4327:
4304:
4281:
4258:
4235:
4201:
4121:
4074:
3933:
3780:
3770:
3738:
3721:
3562:
3559:
A roadmap to the heavens an anthropological study of hegemony among priests, sages, and laymen
3537:
3488:
3465:
3379:
3354:
3346:
3289:
3192:
2827:
2661:
2233:
2163:
1999:
The word used in the Gospel of Mark for "my god", Ἐλωΐ, corresponds to the Aramaic form אלהי,
1980:, which the saying appears to quote. Thus, Jesus is not quoting the canonical Hebrew version (
1922:
1743:
1687:
1182:
1072:
990:
970:
899:
Josephus refers to a Hebrew word with the phrase "the Hebrew tongue": "But the affairs of the
886:, the "Field of Blood" was known to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem in their own language as
812:
748:
711:
504:
264:
229:
224:
212:
202:
17:
4195:
3316:
4868:
4848:
4689:
4679:
4647:
4642:
4607:
4587:
4521:
4113:
4066:
3328:
3117:
2727:
2674:
2512:
2446:
2181:
1496:
1420:
1326:
980:
954:
949:
917:
On several occasions in the New Testament, Aramaic words are called Hebrew. For example, in
736:
685:
657:
629:
509:
398:
207:
5193:
5156:
4743:
4721:
4576:
4181:
3882:
3870:
3528:
Bar-Kokhba; the rediscovery of the legendary hero of the second Jewish revolt against Rome
3511:
2549:
2515:
to reflect their impetuosity. The Greek rendition of their name is Βοανηργές (Boanērges).
2208:
2112:
2092:
2084:
2072:
2054:
1953:
1822:
1790:
1647:
1500:
1484:
1457:
1406:
1359:
1282:
975:
837:
752:
673:
304:
244:
1964:) "abandon", which exists only in Aramaic. The Biblical Hebrew counterpart to this word,
3590:
2652:. He may have been writing at a time before Cephas came to be popularly known as Peter.
907:, which name denotes the Lord of Bezek, for Adoni in the Hebrew tongue signifies Lord."
5284:
5248:
5188:
5047:
4948:
4808:
4798:
4793:
4788:
3533:
3108:
3090:
3046:
2988:
2929:
2912:
2844:
2714:
2682:
2574:
2494:
2327:
2293:
2228:
2177:
1926:
1760:
1604:
1536:
And looking up to heaven, he sighed and said to him, "Ephphatha," which is 'be opened'.
1526:
1428:
1388:
1322:
1026:
804:
780:
593:
482:
292:
187:
162:
136:
3951:
1567:
In Aramaic, it could be אתפתח or אפתח. This word was adopted as the official motto of
811:
Josephus chose to inform people from what are now Iran, Iraq, and remote parts of the
5263:
5007:
4992:
4770:
4748:
4716:
4541:
4435:"Hebrew versus Aramaic as Jesus' Language: Notes on Early Opinions by Syriac Authors"
3766:
3431:
3050:
2670:
2588:
2080:
1973:
1666:
1651:
1572:
1436:
1355:
1319:
764:
695:
633:
314:
299:
279:
177:
3990:
Bauer's Lexicon: Gal 1:18; 2:9,11,14; 1Cor 1:12; 3:22; 9:5; 15:5; also 1Clement 47:3
3266:
3212:
2630:
The apostle's given name appears to be Simon, and he is given the Aramaic nickname,
2617:
In these passages, 'Cephas' is given as the nickname of the apostle better known as
2042:, 'to allow, to permit, to forgive, and to forsake', with the perfect aspect ending
5130:
5108:
5081:
4953:
4910:
4549:
3504:
2700:
2158:
1738:
1682:
1643:
1576:
1063:
740:
581:
656:
spent most of his time, were Aramaic-speaking communities. Jesus probably spoke a
4457:
4434:
4412:"Hebrew-Only Exegesis: A Philological Approach to Jesus' Use of the Hebrew Bible"
4411:
4388:
4365:
4342:
4319:
4296:
4273:
4250:
4227:
3737:
Glenn David Bauscher. 2007. The Original Aramaic New Testament in Plain English.
3116:
Now there is in Jerusalem near the Sheep Gate a pool, which in Aramaic is called
2344:
This word is derived from הושע נא. It is generally considered to be a quote from
5114:
4975:
4965:
4699:
4274:"Jesus' Petros–petra Wordplay (Matthew 16:18): Is It Greek, Aramaic, or Hebrew?"
2798:
2618:
2454:
2384:
2020:
872:
841:
720:
665:
467:
167:
32:
2699:
and in support of his theory; Ehrman's article received a detailed critique by
5135:
4635:
4251:"The Use of Hebrew and Aramaic in Epigraphic Sources of the New Testament Era"
4000:
3772:
Jesus of Nazareth: An independent historian's account of his life and teaching
3526:
3461:
2853:
2836:
2520:
2259:
1810:
1561:
997:
904:
900:
4125:
4078:
3833:
Fitzmyer, Joseph A. 1979. A Wandering Aramean: Collected Aramaic Essays. P.12
3661:
3623:
Book "What do Jewish People think about Jesus?" by Dr. Michael Brown, Page 39
1793:, but its occurrence in late Biblical Hebrew and, reportedly, in 4th century
5200:
3487:
Frederick E. Greenspahn. An Introduction to Aramaic – Second Edition, 2003.
3450:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3156:
3129:
2964:
In Aramaic, it could be ܓܓܘܠܬܐ. Though this word has the Aramaic final form
2478:
2200:
1887:
1856:
1774:
1702:
1139:
1032:
845:
716:
645:
564:
3937:
2301:
for he will be great in the sight of the Lord. He must never drink wine or
4034:
3906:
3473:
3444:
3082:
3037:
2938:
2921:
2557:
2464:
2414:
2369:
2176:
The quotation uses them as an example of extremely minor details. In the
2088:
1977:
1662:
933:
is the Aramaic definite article on a feminine noun in an emphatic state.
922:
888:
849:
776:
641:
3981:
Balz, Horst. Exegetical Dictionary of the New Testament, Volume 3. P.509
3602:
3332:
2953:(Κρανίον) 'the Skull' in Greek, with no Semitic counterpart. The name '
5141:
5025:
4389:"Non-Septuagintal Hebraisms in the Third Gospel: An Inconvenient Truth"
4133:
4101:
4086:
4054:
3469:
3456:
3439:
3435:
3137:
2958:
2954:
2901:
2649:
2645:
2336:
1949:
1870:
1861:
1706:
1504:
1483:
is the Aramaic verb 'to rise, stand, get up'. In the feminine singular
1443:
911:
876:
744:
649:
549:
1992:(translation of the Bible). Surviving Aramaic Targums do use the verb
5205:
5161:
4778:
3141:
2973:
2897:
2772:
2345:
2255:
2184:
2009:
1989:
1925:, it is transliterated in Greek as Ἠλί, Ἠλί, λεμὰ σαβαχθανί; in the
1797:
may indicate that it had a more general "common Semitic background".
1752:
1732:
1717:
1366:
1330:
868:
182:
4117:
4070:
3136:. Its name in Aramaic means "House of Grace". It is associated with
3863:
2665:. Clement goes further to say it was Cephas of the Seventy who was
4510:
3151:
For other Aramaic place names in the New Testament beginning with
3145:
3077:, 'field of blood'. While the seemingly gratuitous Greek sound of
2771:
In Joppa, there was a disciple named Tabitha, which is translated
2216:
2001:
1985:
1841:
1794:
1440:
892:, which is the transliteration of the Aramaic words "Haqal Dama".
784:
653:
329:
145:
2865:, meaning 'the oil press' or 'oil vat' (referring to olive oil).
2667:
condemned by Paul in Galatians 2 for not eating with the Gentiles
2439:
meaning "honorable" or "highly prized", perhaps "honorable son").
2199:
is the smallest letter of the Greek alphabet (ι), but since only
3132:, on the path of the Beth Zeta Valley, and is also known as the
3073:). Despite these variant spellings the Aramaic is most probably
2884:שמן, the primary Hebrew word for oil, just in a construct form (
2605:
2335:
Then those who went ahead and those who followed were shouting,
2204:
2196:
1564:(Greek Old Testament) and was also softened in Galilean speech.
1556:
4483:
4458:"The Linguistic Ethos of the Galilee in the First Century C.E."
4197:
The Uttermost Part of the Earth: A Guide to Places in the Bible
3842:
Greenspahn, Frederick E. 2003. An introduction to Aramaic. P.25
3815:
Greenspahn, Frederick E. 2003. An introduction to Aramaic. P.25
2305:; even before his birth he will be filled with the Holy Spirit.
1886:
If any man love not the Lord Jesus Christ, let him be Anathema
1510:
In square script Aramaic, it could be טליתא קומי or טליתא קום.
4343:"Hebraisti in Ancient Texts: Does Ἑβραϊστί Ever Mean Aramaic?"
3317:"Which language did Jesus speak? – some remarks of a Semitist"
3001:
The place name appears to be Aramaic. According to Josephus,
2136:
1461:
26:
3321:
Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester
2802:
2743:
2737:
2731:
2639:
2622:
2312:
2274:
2148:
1801:
1447:
1410:
1372:
1354:
A small minority of scholars believe that most or all of the
844:, and the remotest Arabians, and those of our nation beyond
751:(132 AD to 135 AD). Yadin noticed the shift from Aramaic to
4019:
A Question of Identity: Is Cephas the Same Person As Peter?
3650:
Book "Introduction to Syriac" by Wheeler Thackston, Page 44
3267:"Aramaic language | Description, History, & Facts"
3227:
Jesus and the Apostles are believed to have spoken Aramaic.
1358:
was originally written in Aramaic. This theory is known as
672:. It is reasonable to assume that Jesus was well versed in
1495:
was dropped so the imperative did not distinguish between
4174:
4479:
2339:! Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord!
2279:
is declined as a Greek noun, much like other examples.
2046:(second person singular: 'you'), and the object suffix
1491:. However, there is evidence that in speech, the final
3460:, and sees RH being replaced by Aramaic as the spoken
3213:"Aramaic language | Description, History, & Facts"
3288:. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans. p. 72.
1907:
Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani (Ἠλί, Ἠλί, λεμὰ σαβαχθανί)
3806:
Kutscher, E.Y.. (1976). Studies in Galilean Aramaic.
3632:
Josephus' Antiquities Book 5. Chapter 2. Paragraph 2
3454:
would be composed. The second stage begins with the
2376:, is conspicuous by its absence. Some examples are:
2250:
In Aramaic (קרבנא) it refers to the treasury in the
2126:
2106:
1554:
could assimilate in western Aramaic. The pharyngeal
5171:
5090:
5016:
4939:
4896:
4839:
4769:
4535:
4001:"CHURCH FATHERS: Church History, Book I (Eusebius)"
3885:
Hebrew Union College – Jewish Institute of Religion
3120:
and which is surrounded by five covered colonnades.
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3525:
3178:In Aramaic, "Bethesda" could be spelled בית חסדא.
2892:). The word in Aramaic for "oil" is more properly
2880:שמנים meaning "oils", the plural form of the word
2801:'s words to her in verse 40, "Tabitha, get up!" (
2431:(Βαρτιμαῖος possibly from combination of Aramaic
2407: – Simon bar-Jochanan ("Simon son of John").
2023:renders both versions with ηλι ηλι λαμα ζαφθανι (
1560:was often omitted in Greek transcriptions in the
620:There exists a consensus among scholars that the
4462:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
4439:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
4416:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
4393:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
4370:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
4347:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
4324:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
4301:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
4278:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
4255:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
4232:The Language Environment of First Century Judaea
3591:The Antiquities of the Jews, by Flavius Josephus
3561:. Boston: Academic Studies Press. p. 155.
2518:There has been much speculation about the name
1393:
833:
821:
789:
4831:Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament
3603:Josephus: Jewish War, Book 1 (a) – translation
2808:
2634:, meaning 'rock' or 'stone'. The final sigma (
1988:himself, but rather the version in an Aramaic
1869:Let grace come, and let this world pass away.
862:H. St. J. Thackeray (who translated Josephus'
660:of the language, distinguishable from that of
4495:
3932:. Nashville, TN: Broadman Press. p. 34.
3709:The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
3424:Sáenz-Badillos, Ángel; Elwolde, John (1996),
3057:); other manuscript versions give Ἀχελδαμάχ (
601:
8:
4149:"Was Cephas Peter? The Rest of the Argument"
3850:
3848:
3514:. Mountlebanon.org. Retrieved on 2014-05-28.
2835:Then Jesus went with them to a place called
2785:
2397: – Simon bar-Jona (Σίμων Βαριωνᾶς from
1948:Overall, both versions can be said to be in
723:around 200 AD and would remain so until the
2852:And they went to a place that has the name
2391:, perhaps "son of furrows" or "ploughman").
2356:Aramaic personal names in the New Testament
1701:(The bracketed text does not appear in all
1336:
4826:New Testament places associated with Jesus
4821:Historical background of the New Testament
4502:
4488:
4480:
4464:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 110–181.
4441:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 182–205.
4418:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 347–374.
4410:Notley, Steven; Garcia, Jeffrey P (2014).
4395:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 320–346.
4372:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 207–246.
4326:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 395–421.
4303:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 247–319.
4280:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 375–394.
3672:
1308:Aramaic phrases in the Greek New Testament
829:Jewish Wars (Book 1, Preface, Paragraph 1)
690:Historical background of the New Testament
608:
594:
144:
131:
4349:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 66–109.
3593:. Gutenberg.org. Retrieved on 2014-05-28.
3351:Handbook to exegesis of the New Testament
2924:, which is translated Place of the Skull.
1673:(בר אבא), literally "Son of the Father".
857:Jewish Wars (Book 1 Preface, Paragraph 2)
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
5153:Jacob (paternal grandfather per Matthew)
4257:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 35–65.
3505:Aramaic Language: The Language of Christ
3148:was reported healing a man at the pool.
2818:Aramaic place names in the New Testament
2207:(י) which is the smallest letter of the
1460:and is the version which appears in the
1431:have this form of the text, but others (
940:
4234:. Leiden-Boston: Brill. pp. 7–34.
3605:. Attalus.org. Retrieved on 2014-05-28.
3284:Allen C. Myers, ed. (1987). "Aramaic".
3204:
3085:to form the Greek name for the Book of
1996:in their translations of the Psalm 22.
2888:instead of the ordinary plural suffix
1847:In Aramaic, it would have been רבוני.
1723:In Aramaic, it could be ריקא or ריקה.
1456:, cumi) instead. The latter is in the
3406:American Society of Overseas Research
3128:was originally the name of a pool in
2972:, it is otherwise also closer to the
1720:, means empty one, fool, empty head.
1546:, the passive imperative of the verb
668:to converse with those not native to
7:
4341:Buth, Randall; Pierce, Chad (2014).
4102:"Peter and Cephas: One and the Same"
2364:(Greek transliteration βαρ, Aramaic
2262:(in Greek transliteration), meaning
2116:
2096:
1972:) is seen in the second line of the
416:Sources for the historicity of Jesus
55:adding citations to reliable sources
3641:Wars Book 5, Chapter 4, Paragraph 2
2980:גולגולת, than to the Aramaic form.
2786:
2621:. The Greek word is transliterated
2258:(קרבן), found in Mark 7:11 and the
1921:, is given in two versions: in the
1919:seven sayings of Jesus on the cross
1716:, in the Aramaic and Hebrew of the
5144:(traditional maternal grandfather)
5138:(traditional maternal grandmother)
3532:. New York: Random House. p.
3399:Gleaves, G. Scott (October 2015).
2920:And they took him up to the place
1522:Healing the deaf mute of Decapolis
817:war of the Jews against the Romans
680:Cultural and linguistic background
25:
4175:The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon
3864:The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon
3100:In Aramaic, it could be חקל דמא.
1475:is the feminine form of the word
1062:
942:New Testament Aramaic consonants
5244:
5243:
3952:"Pulpit Commentary – Mark 15:34"
3426:A history of the Hebrew language
3378:. Prometheus Books. p. 98.
3240:"What Language Did Jesus Speak?"
2797:It may be just coincidence that
2063:In Hebrew, the saying would be "
1840:Also in Mark 10:51. Hebrew form
1800:In the New Testament, the word
1575:' most prominent school for the
575:
563:
275:Apparitions and visions of Jesus
31:
5150:(paternal grandfather per Luke)
3020:In Aramaic, it could be גבהתא.
2814:In Aramaic, it could be טביתא.
2755:In Aramaic, it could be ܬܐܘܡܐ.
2748:—Thōmâs—comes from the Aramaic
2372:prefix. Its Hebrew equivalent,
2065:אֵלִי אֵלִי, לָמָה עֲזַבְתָּנִי
2050:(first person singular: 'me').
355:Background to the New Testament
42:needs additional citations for
4854:Quest for the historical Jesus
4200:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.
4106:Journal of Biblical Literature
4059:Journal of Biblical Literature
3930:The Cross in the New Testament
2794:). Both names mean 'gazelle'.
2706:In Aramaic, it could be כיפא.
2688:Journal of Biblical Literature
2532:('tumult') Aramaic (רגיש), or
2368:), meaning 'son of', a common
2323:Triumphal entry into Jerusalem
2245:, since they are blood money.’
1864:10:6 (Prayer after Communion)
1346:in the Hebrew dialect/language
743:, Aramaic was the language of
404:Quest for the historical Jesus
18:Sons of Thunder (Christianity)
1:
3707:E.g. Geoffrey W.Bromley (ed.)
3286:The Eerdmans Bible Dictionary
2900:writings in Aramaic from the
2463: – Joseph who is called
1899:, "Lord, come!") or מרן אתא (
1435:, the text-type known as the
1314:Language of the New Testament
638:Judea in the first century AD
4364:Machiela, Daniel A. (2014).
3374:Hoffmann, R. Joseph (1986).
3188:Race and appearance of Jesus
2896:(משחא), as also attested in
2548:). This is supported by one
2507:Jesus surnames the brothers
2127:
2107:
1654:(written Αββά in Greek, and
1367:
1331:
4023:Journal of Biblical Studies
3353:. Brill. pp. 110–112.
2584:(New International Version)
2552:translation of the name as
2229:Judas Iscariot § Death
2128:ʾalāh ʾalāh lǝmānā šǝḇaqtān
1705:and is absent in the Latin
1383:Raising of Jairus' daughter
871:, the Jewish dispersion in
5301:
4804:Five Discourses of Matthew
4194:Losch, Richard R. (2005).
3104:Pool of Bethesda (Βηθεσδά)
2957:' is taken from the Latin
2803:
2744:
2738:
2732:
2640:
2623:
2540:(due to the similarity of
2320:
2313:
2286:
2275:
2254:, derived from the Hebrew
2226:
2156:
2149:
2083:pronunciation), while the
1910:
1854:
1820:
1802:
1736:
1730:
1680:
1597:
1519:
1448:
1411:
1380:
1373:
1311:
797:Antiquities of Jews XX, XI
683:
421:Reliability of the Gospels
5239:
4517:
4100:Allison, Dale C. (1992).
3376:Jesus in history and myth
3040:, that is Field of Blood.
2485:, "son of Jesus/Joshua").
2064:
2059:Eli, Eli, ləmā šəḇaqtanī.
1965:
1957:
1913:Eli Eli Lama Sabachthani?
1288:
1281:
1259:
1249:
1230:
1132:
1113:
1082:
1042:
1025:
1006:
996:
953:
946:
749:Simon Bar Kokhba's revolt
5270:1st-century Christianity
5031:In comparative mythology
4272:Bivin, David N. (2014).
4184: – Entry for "ṭbyʾ"
4053:Ehrman, Bart D. (1990).
3662:jerusalemperspective.com
3401:"Did Jesus Speak Greek?"
3005:, V.ii.1, #51, the word
2876:שמני is the Hebrew word
2811:" phrase used by Jesus.
2685:wrote an article on the
2401:, "Simon son of Jonah").
2087:phrase according to the
1917:This phrase, one of the
1903:, "Our Lord has come").
727:in the seventh century.
676:for religious purposes.
360:Language spoken by Jesus
129:Language spoken by Jesus
5184:Interactions with women
4387:Notley, Steven (2014).
4318:Buth, Randall (2014b).
4295:Buth, Randall (2014a).
4249:Baltes, Guido (2014b).
4226:Baltes, Guido (2014a).
3271:Encyclopedia Britannica
3217:Encyclopedia Britannica
2961:translation, Calvaria.
2807:), are similar to the "
2421:, "son of the father").
2069:ēlī ēlī, lāmā ‘azabtānī
1550:, 'to open', since the
570:Christianity portal
5280:Language and mysticism
5194:Mary, sister of Martha
4814:Oral gospel traditions
4456:Turnage, Marc (2014).
3928:Conner, W. T. (1954).
3673:Buth & Pierce 2014
3557:Zion, Sigalit (2009).
3524:Yadin, Yigael (1971).
3464:, surviving only as a
3094:
2823:Gethsemane (Γεθσημανῆ)
2030:The Aramaic word form
2025:ēli ēli lama zaphthani
1982:ēlī ēlī lāmā ‘azabtānī
1956:, because of the verb
1403:
1332:têi hebraḯdi dialéktōi
860:
832:
800:
374:Mental health of Jesus
4921:Life of Christ Museum
4916:Life of Christ in art
4433:Ruzer, Serge (2014).
3777:Bloomsbury Publishing
3472:and in midrashic and
2784:, the female form of
2693:Clement of Alexandria
2657:Clement of Alexandria
2490:Boanerges (Βοανηργές)
2117:ܐܠܗܝ ܐܠܗܝ ܠܡܢܐ ܫܒܩܬܢܝ
2108:ʔēl ʔēl lǝmā šǝḇaqtān
2077:eli eli lama azavtani
2034:is based on the verb
779:comments on learning
719:and elsewhere in the
702:during and after the
700:Eastern Mediterranean
684:Further information:
540:Life of Christ Museum
461:Perspectives on Jesus
156:Jesus in Christianity
4737:Sayings on the cross
4695:Entry into Jerusalem
4153:The Bart Ehrman Blog
2697:Epistula Apostolorum
2150:Ἰῶτα ἓν ἢ μία κεραία
2097:ܐܝܠܝ ܐܝܠܝ ܠܡܐ ܫܒܩܬܢܝ
1851:Maranatha (Μαραναθά)
1569:Gallaudet University
1487:, it was originally
51:improve this article
5226:Race and appearance
5164:(traditional uncle)
5070:Jesus the Splendour
4712:Agony in the Garden
4627:Sermon on the Mount
3428:, pp. 170–71,
3333:10.7227/BJRL.53.1.2
3155:("house of"), see
3024:Akeldama (Ἀκελδαμά)
2387:(Βαρθολομαῖος from
2252:Temple in Jerusalem
2180:text translated as
2111:(Matthew 27:46) or
1880:1 Corinthians 16:22
1875:(Roberts-Donaldson)
1785:(Roberts-Donaldson)
1600:Agony in the Garden
1479:, meaning "young".
943:
218:Sermon on the Mount
66:"Language of Jesus"
5211:Rejection of Jesus
4888:Christ myth theory
4705:Farewell Discourse
4180:2013-10-18 at the
4055:"Cephas and Peter"
3881:2014-04-13 at the
3869:2010-04-19 at the
3510:2009-02-11 at the
3347:Porter, Stanley E.
3244:Zondervan Academic
2984:Gabbatha (Γαββαθᾶ)
2908:Golgotha (Γολγοθᾶ)
2289:Zechariah (priest)
1817:Rabbuni (Ραββουνί)
1650:and still used in
1515:Ephphatha (Ἐφφαθά)
1433:Codex Alexandrinus
941:
640:. The villages of
632:. Aramaic was the
5275:Aramaic languages
5257:
5256:
5179:Language of Jesus
5126:Brothers of Jesus
4998:Session of Christ
4874:Mara bar Serapion
4675:Great Commandment
4570:Flight into Egypt
4207:978-0-8028-2805-7
4025:3/3 October 2003.
4017:Scott, James M. "
4005:www.newadvent.org
3743:978-1-4357-1289-8
3675:, p. 64-109.
3568:978-1-934843-14-7
3543:978-0-297-00345-8
3466:literary language
3193:Semitic languages
3069:) and Ἁκελδαμάχ (
2125:
2105:
1952:, rather than in
1923:Gospel of Matthew
1744:Gospel of Matthew
1305:
1304:
813:Arabian Peninsula
783:in first century
775:Hebrew historian
725:Islamic conquests
622:language of Jesus
618:
617:
433:Jesus myth theory
127:
126:
119:
101:
16:(Redirected from
5292:
5247:
5246:
5122:(alleged father)
4976:Person of Christ
4849:Historical Jesus
4680:Olivet Discourse
4608:Great Commission
4504:
4497:
4490:
4481:
4475:
4452:
4429:
4406:
4383:
4360:
4337:
4314:
4291:
4268:
4245:
4212:
4211:
4191:
4185:
4172:
4166:
4165:
4160:
4159:
4144:
4138:
4137:
4097:
4091:
4090:
4050:
4044:
4032:
4026:
4015:
4009:
4008:
3997:
3991:
3988:
3982:
3979:
3973:
3970:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3948:
3942:
3941:
3925:
3919:
3918:
3916:
3914:
3903:
3897:
3894:
3888:
3876:Targum Psalms 22
3861:
3855:
3852:
3843:
3840:
3834:
3831:
3825:
3822:
3816:
3813:
3807:
3804:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3793:
3763:
3757:
3752:
3746:
3735:
3729:
3718:
3712:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3692:
3686:
3682:
3676:
3670:
3664:
3657:
3651:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3633:
3630:
3624:
3621:
3615:
3612:
3606:
3600:
3594:
3588:
3582:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3554:
3548:
3547:
3531:
3521:
3515:
3502:
3496:
3485:
3479:
3478:
3421:
3415:
3414:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3371:
3365:
3364:
3343:
3337:
3336:
3309:
3303:
3302:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3250:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3223:
3209:
3053:reads Ἀκελδαμά (
2976:word for skull,
2806:
2805:
2789:
2788:
2759:Tabitha (Ταβιθά)
2747:
2746:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2734:
2662:Seventy Apostles
2643:
2642:
2626:
2625:
2481:(Βαριησοῦς from
2449:(Βαρσαββᾶς from
2351:
2316:
2315:
2278:
2277:
2152:
2151:
2147:Jot and tittle (
2130:
2120:
2118:
2110:
2100:
2098:
2066:
1967:
1959:
1805:
1804:
1727:Mammon (Μαμωνάς)
1595:
1594:
1590:
1516:
1501:feminine genders
1451:
1450:
1421:Codex Sinaiticus
1414:
1413:
1401:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1269:
1262:
1257:
1233:
1226:
1214:
1207:
1198:
1193:
1185:
1174:
1167:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1142:
1116:
1109:
1094:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1066:
1054:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1009:
1004:
944:
858:
830:
798:
737:Dead Sea Scrolls
731:Dead Sea Scrolls
694:Aramaic was the
686:Historical Jesus
658:Galilean variant
610:
603:
596:
582:Islam portal
580:
579:
578:
568:
567:
528:Jesus in culture
399:Historical Jesus
387:Jesus in history
310:Names and titles
265:Heavenly Session
173:Names and titles
148:
132:
122:
115:
111:
108:
102:
100:
59:
35:
27:
21:
5300:
5299:
5295:
5294:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5289:
5260:
5259:
5258:
5253:
5235:
5167:
5086:
5018:In other faiths
5012:
4935:
4931:Transfiguration
4892:
4835:
4765:
4665:Transfiguration
4539:
4531:
4513:
4508:
4478:
4472:
4455:
4449:
4432:
4426:
4409:
4403:
4386:
4380:
4363:
4357:
4340:
4334:
4317:
4311:
4294:
4288:
4271:
4265:
4248:
4242:
4225:
4221:
4216:
4215:
4208:
4193:
4192:
4188:
4182:Wayback Machine
4173:
4169:
4157:
4155:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4118:10.2307/3267263
4099:
4098:
4094:
4071:10.2307/3267052
4052:
4051:
4047:
4033:
4029:
4016:
4012:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3989:
3985:
3980:
3976:
3971:
3967:
3957:
3955:
3950:
3949:
3945:
3927:
3926:
3922:
3912:
3910:
3907:"Habakkuk 1:13"
3905:
3904:
3900:
3895:
3891:
3883:Wayback Machine
3871:Wayback Machine
3862:
3858:
3853:
3846:
3841:
3837:
3832:
3828:
3823:
3819:
3814:
3810:
3805:
3801:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3779:. p. 277.
3765:
3764:
3760:
3753:
3749:
3736:
3732:
3719:
3715:
3706:
3702:
3695:
3693:
3689:
3683:
3679:
3671:
3667:
3658:
3654:
3649:
3645:
3640:
3636:
3631:
3627:
3622:
3618:
3613:
3609:
3601:
3597:
3589:
3585:
3580:
3576:
3569:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3544:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3512:Wayback Machine
3503:
3499:
3486:
3482:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3386:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3361:
3345:
3344:
3340:
3311:
3310:
3306:
3296:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3248:
3246:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3221:
3219:
3211:
3210:
3206:
3201:
3184:
3106:
3026:
2986:
2910:
2825:
2820:
2804:Ταβιθᾶ ἀνάστηθι
2761:
2712:
2572:
2560:reads ܒܢܝ ܪܓܫܝ
2492:
2467:(Βαρνάβας from
2417:(Βαραββᾶς from
2399:Šim‘ōn bar-Yōnā
2358:
2349:
2325:
2319:
2291:
2285:
2283:Sikera (Σίκερα)
2231:
2225:
2223:Korban (Κορβάν)
2209:Hebrew alphabet
2161:
2155:
2073:Biblical Hebrew
1915:
1909:
1859:
1853:
1825:
1823:Noli me tangere
1819:
1791:Rabbinic Hebrew
1741:
1735:
1729:
1685:
1679:
1669:of the Aramaic
1661:Note, the name
1648:Mishnaic Hebrew
1602:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1524:
1518:
1514:
1467:The Aramaic is
1458:Textus Receptus
1439:, and also the
1409:into Greek, as
1407:transliteration
1402:
1399:
1385:
1379:
1360:Aramaic primacy
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1316:
1310:
1222:
1181:
1138:
1105:
1071:
1031:
939:
867:Babylonia, and
859:
856:
831:
828:
799:
796:
773:
733:
696:common language
692:
682:
634:common language
614:
576:
574:
562:
555:
554:
530:
520:
519:
463:
453:
452:
389:
379:
378:
350:
340:
339:
295:
285:
284:
158:
130:
123:
112:
106:
103:
60:
58:
48:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5298:
5296:
5288:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5262:
5261:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5251:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5197:
5196:
5191:
5189:Mary Magdalene
5181:
5175:
5173:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5165:
5159:
5154:
5151:
5145:
5139:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5117:
5112:
5111:(legal father)
5106:
5100:
5094:
5092:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5062:
5057:
5056:
5055:
5045:
5044:
5043:
5033:
5028:
5022:
5020:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4984:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4963:
4962:
4961:
4956:
4945:
4943:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4902:
4900:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4890:
4885:
4884:
4883:
4882:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4856:
4845:
4843:
4837:
4836:
4834:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4817:
4816:
4811:
4809:Gospel harmony
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4775:
4773:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4741:
4740:
4739:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4708:
4707:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4605:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4574:
4573:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4552:
4546:
4544:
4533:
4532:
4530:
4529:
4527:List of topics
4524:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4509:
4507:
4506:
4499:
4492:
4484:
4477:
4476:
4470:
4453:
4447:
4430:
4424:
4407:
4401:
4384:
4378:
4361:
4355:
4338:
4332:
4315:
4309:
4292:
4286:
4269:
4263:
4246:
4240:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4206:
4186:
4167:
4139:
4112:(3): 489–495.
4092:
4065:(3): 463–474.
4045:
4040:Church History
4027:
4010:
3992:
3983:
3974:
3965:
3943:
3920:
3898:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3856:
3844:
3835:
3826:
3817:
3808:
3799:
3785:
3767:Casey, Maurice
3758:
3747:
3730:
3713:
3700:
3687:
3677:
3665:
3652:
3643:
3634:
3625:
3616:
3607:
3595:
3583:
3574:
3567:
3549:
3542:
3516:
3497:
3480:
3448:and Tannaitic
3416:
3391:
3384:
3366:
3359:
3338:
3304:
3294:
3276:
3258:
3231:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3183:
3180:
3123:
3122:
3105:
3102:
3047:Judas Iscariot
3043:
3042:
3025:
3022:
3015:elevated place
2999:
2998:
2985:
2982:
2944:
2943:
2927:
2926:
2909:
2906:
2859:
2858:
2842:
2841:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2778:
2777:
2760:
2757:
2725:
2724:
2711:
2710:Thomas (Θωμᾶς)
2708:
2683:Bart D. Ehrman
2615:
2614:
2599:
2598:
2586:
2585:
2571:
2570:Cephas (Κηφᾶς)
2568:
2505:
2504:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2472:
2458:
2453:, "son of the
2440:
2422:
2408:
2402:
2392:
2357:
2354:
2342:
2341:
2318:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2284:
2281:
2264:religious gift
2248:
2247:
2224:
2221:
2185:jot and tittle
2174:
2173:
2154:
2145:
2131:(Mark 15:34).
2085:Syriac-Aramaic
2055:transliterated
1927:Gospel of Mark
1911:Main article:
1908:
1905:
1893:
1892:
1877:
1876:
1855:Main article:
1852:
1849:
1838:
1837:
1818:
1815:
1787:
1786:
1772:
1771:
1758:
1757:
1731:Main article:
1728:
1725:
1699:
1698:
1678:
1675:
1641:
1640:
1628:
1627:
1615:
1614:
1584:
1581:
1539:
1538:
1517:
1512:
1415:. A few Greek
1397:
1389:Gospel of Mark
1378:
1364:
1323:transliterates
1312:Main article:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1265:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1210:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1143:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1068:
1067:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1029:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1005:
1000:
994:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
952:
947:
938:
935:
854:
826:
805:The Jewish War
794:
772:
769:
739:archaeologist
732:
729:
708:Neo-Babylonian
681:
678:
616:
615:
613:
612:
605:
598:
590:
587:
586:
585:
584:
572:
557:
556:
553:
552:
547:
542:
537:
531:
526:
525:
522:
521:
518:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
491:
490:
480:
475:
470:
464:
459:
458:
455:
454:
451:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
424:
423:
418:
408:
407:
406:
396:
390:
385:
384:
381:
380:
377:
376:
371:
362:
357:
351:
346:
345:
342:
341:
338:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
296:
293:Jesus in Islam
291:
290:
287:
286:
283:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
237:
232:
227:
222:
221:
220:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
188:Gospel harmony
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
159:
154:
153:
150:
149:
141:
140:
128:
125:
124:
39:
37:
30:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5297:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5250:
5242:
5241:
5238:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5221:Mental health
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5186:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5170:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5152:
5149:
5146:
5143:
5140:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5110:
5107:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5089:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5054:
5051:
5050:
5049:
5046:
5042:
5041:In the Talmud
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5019:
5015:
5009:
5008:Cosmic Christ
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4993:Second Coming
4991:
4989:
4986:
4982:
4981:Pre-existence
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4967:
4964:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4950:
4947:
4946:
4944:
4942:
4938:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4889:
4886:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4861:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4844:
4842:
4838:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4781:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4771:New Testament
4768:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4742:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4649:
4648:Lord's Prayer
4646:
4645:
4644:
4641:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4632:
4628:
4625:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4613:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4583:Unknown years
4581:
4578:
4575:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4565:Date of birth
4563:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4547:
4545:
4543:
4538:
4534:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4519:
4516:
4512:
4505:
4500:
4498:
4493:
4491:
4486:
4485:
4482:
4473:
4471:9789004264410
4467:
4463:
4459:
4454:
4450:
4448:9789004264410
4444:
4440:
4436:
4431:
4427:
4425:9789004264410
4421:
4417:
4413:
4408:
4404:
4402:9789004264410
4398:
4394:
4390:
4385:
4381:
4379:9789004264410
4375:
4371:
4367:
4362:
4358:
4356:9789004264410
4352:
4348:
4344:
4339:
4335:
4333:9789004264410
4329:
4325:
4321:
4316:
4312:
4310:9789004264410
4306:
4302:
4298:
4293:
4289:
4287:9789004264410
4283:
4279:
4275:
4270:
4266:
4264:9789004264410
4260:
4256:
4252:
4247:
4243:
4241:9789004264410
4237:
4233:
4229:
4224:
4223:
4218:
4209:
4203:
4199:
4198:
4190:
4187:
4183:
4179:
4176:
4171:
4168:
4164:
4154:
4150:
4143:
4140:
4135:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4096:
4093:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4049:
4046:
4042:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4014:
4011:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3993:
3987:
3984:
3978:
3975:
3969:
3966:
3953:
3947:
3944:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3924:
3921:
3908:
3902:
3899:
3893:
3890:
3884:
3880:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3868:
3865:
3860:
3857:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3839:
3836:
3830:
3827:
3821:
3818:
3812:
3809:
3803:
3800:
3788:
3786:9780567079084
3782:
3778:
3774:
3773:
3768:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3751:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3734:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3717:
3714:
3710:
3704:
3701:
3691:
3688:
3681:
3678:
3674:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3656:
3653:
3647:
3644:
3638:
3635:
3629:
3626:
3620:
3617:
3611:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3596:
3592:
3587:
3584:
3578:
3575:
3570:
3564:
3560:
3553:
3550:
3545:
3539:
3535:
3530:
3529:
3520:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3506:
3501:
3498:
3494:
3493:1-58983-059-8
3490:
3484:
3481:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3446:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3432:Tannaitic era
3427:
3420:
3417:
3412:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3395:
3392:
3387:
3385:0-87975-332-3
3381:
3377:
3370:
3367:
3362:
3360:90-04-09921-2
3356:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3339:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3295:0-8028-2402-1
3291:
3287:
3280:
3277:
3272:
3268:
3262:
3259:
3255:
3245:
3241:
3235:
3232:
3228:
3218:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3198:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3121:
3119:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3065:), Ἁχελδαμά (
3064:
3061:), Ἁκελδαμά (
3060:
3056:
3052:
3051:Majority Text
3048:
3045:The place of
3041:
3039:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2942:
2940:
2935:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2925:
2923:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2864:
2857:
2855:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2840:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2829:
2822:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2800:
2795:
2793:
2783:
2776:
2774:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2729:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2680:
2677:(Aramaic for
2676:
2672:
2671:Jean Hardouin
2668:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2655:According to
2653:
2651:
2647:
2637:
2633:
2628:
2620:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2589:1 Corinthians
2583:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2544:to the final
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2489:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2411:Matthew 27:16
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2396:
2395:Matthew 16:17
2393:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2355:
2353:
2347:
2340:
2338:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2324:
2310:
2306:
2304:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2290:
2282:
2280:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2246:
2244:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2230:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2215:is a hook or
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2179:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2160:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2123:
2114:
2109:
2103:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2081:Modern Hebrew
2078:
2074:
2070:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2016:in Aramaic).
2015:
2011:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1997:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1984:), spoken by
1983:
1979:
1975:
1974:Old Testament
1971:
1963:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1889:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1874:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1858:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1798:
1796:
1792:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1770:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1740:
1734:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1708:
1704:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1684:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1667:Hellenization
1664:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1652:Modern Hebrew
1649:
1645:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1601:
1591:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1573:United States
1570:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1437:Majority Text
1434:
1430:
1429:Mark's Gospel
1426:
1422:
1418:
1408:
1396:
1392:
1390:
1384:
1369:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1356:New Testament
1352:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1320:New Testament
1315:
1307:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1266:
1264:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1171:
1169:
1164:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1001:
999:
995:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
966:Post-alveolar
964:
962:
961:
956:
951:
948:
945:
936:
934:
932:
928:
924:
920:
915:
913:
908:
906:
902:
897:
893:
891:
890:
885:
880:
878:
874:
870:
865:
853:
851:
847:
843:
839:
825:
820:
818:
814:
809:
807:
806:
793:
788:
786:
782:
778:
770:
768:
767:at the time.
766:
765:lingua franca
760:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
735:According to
730:
728:
726:
722:
718:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
691:
687:
679:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
626:his disciples
623:
611:
606:
604:
599:
597:
592:
591:
589:
588:
583:
573:
571:
566:
561:
560:
559:
558:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
532:
529:
524:
523:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
489:
486:
485:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
465:
462:
457:
456:
449:
446:
444:
443:Unknown years
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
422:
419:
417:
414:
413:
412:
409:
405:
402:
401:
400:
397:
395:
392:
391:
388:
383:
382:
375:
372:
370:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
352:
349:
344:
343:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
297:
294:
289:
288:
281:
280:Second Coming
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
219:
216:
215:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
178:Life of Jesus
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
160:
157:
152:
151:
147:
143:
142:
138:
134:
133:
121:
118:
110:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
68: –
67:
63:
62:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
5178:
5131:Holy Kinship
5082:Master Jesus
5060:Baháʼí Faith
4954:Christianity
4941:Christianity
4911:Christ Child
4906:Bibliography
4756:Resurrection
4670:Homelessness
4579:(apocryphal)
4560:Virgin birth
4550:Annunciation
4542:Jesus's life
4461:
4438:
4415:
4392:
4369:
4346:
4323:
4300:
4277:
4254:
4231:
4196:
4189:
4170:
4162:
4156:. Retrieved
4152:
4142:
4109:
4105:
4095:
4062:
4058:
4048:
4038:
4030:
4022:
4013:
4004:
3995:
3986:
3977:
3968:
3958:12 September
3956:. Retrieved
3946:
3929:
3923:
3913:12 September
3911:. Retrieved
3901:
3892:
3859:
3838:
3829:
3820:
3811:
3802:
3790:. Retrieved
3771:
3761:
3750:
3733:
3716:
3708:
3703:
3690:
3680:
3668:
3655:
3646:
3637:
3628:
3619:
3610:
3598:
3586:
3577:
3558:
3552:
3527:
3519:
3500:
3483:
3455:
3449:
3443:
3429:
3425:
3419:
3410:
3404:
3394:
3375:
3369:
3350:
3341:
3324:
3320:
3307:
3299:
3285:
3279:
3270:
3261:
3253:
3247:. Retrieved
3243:
3234:
3226:
3220:. Retrieved
3216:
3207:
3177:
3152:
3150:
3133:
3125:
3124:
3115:
3107:
3099:
3086:
3078:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3044:
3035:
3027:
3019:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
3000:
2995:
2987:
2977:
2969:
2965:
2963:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2936:
2928:
2919:
2911:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2867:
2862:
2860:
2851:
2843:
2834:
2826:
2813:
2796:
2791:
2781:
2779:
2770:
2762:
2754:
2749:
2726:
2721:
2713:
2705:
2701:Dale Allison
2686:
2678:
2660:
2654:
2635:
2631:
2629:
2616:
2611:
2600:
2595:
2587:
2581:
2573:
2566:
2561:
2553:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2519:
2517:
2506:
2501:
2493:
2482:
2468:
2450:
2436:
2432:
2418:
2398:
2388:
2381:Matthew 10:3
2373:
2365:
2361:
2359:
2343:
2334:
2326:
2303:strong drink
2302:
2300:
2292:
2272:
2267:
2263:
2249:
2242:
2240:
2232:
2212:
2192:
2188:
2175:
2170:
2162:
2159:Matthew 5:18
2141:
2133:
2076:
2068:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2029:
2024:
2018:
2013:
2007:
2000:
1998:
1993:
1981:
1969:
1961:
1947:
1942:
1941:rather than
1938:
1934:
1933:rather than
1930:
1916:
1900:
1896:
1894:
1885:
1878:
1868:
1860:
1846:
1839:
1833:
1826:
1806:
1799:
1788:
1781:
1773:
1767:
1759:
1750:
1742:
1739:Matthew 6:24
1722:
1713:
1711:
1700:
1694:
1686:
1683:Matthew 5:22
1670:
1660:
1655:
1642:
1637:
1629:
1624:
1616:
1611:
1603:
1566:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1535:
1525:
1509:
1492:
1488:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1466:
1453:
1404:
1394:
1386:
1353:
1317:
1251:Approximants
958:
930:
926:
916:
909:
898:
894:
887:
881:
863:
861:
834:
822:
810:
803:
801:
790:
774:
761:
756:
741:Yigael Yadin
734:
704:Neo-Assyrian
693:
621:
619:
515:Bar-Serapion
367: /
359:
270:Intercession
250:Resurrection
198:Virgin birth
113:
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
5157:Descendants
5115:Holy Family
5098:Genealogies
5065:Manichaeism
4971:Incarnation
4966:Christology
4959:1st century
4841:Historicity
4732:Crucifixion
4700:Last Supper
3954:. Bible Hub
3909:. Bible Hub
3792:26 December
3327:(1): 9–29.
3313:Barr, James
3071:Hakeldamach
3059:Acheldamach
2809:talitha kum
2681:). In 1990
2619:Simon Peter
2385:Bartholomew
2021:Codex Bezae
1677:Raca (Ρακά)
1583:Abba (Ἀββά)
1471:. The word
1417:manuscripts
1412:ταλιθὰ κούμ
1374:Ταλιθὰ κούμ
1368:Talitha kum
873:Mesopotamia
864:Jewish Wars
848:, with the
842:Babylonians
721:Middle East
666:Koine Greek
535:Life in art
411:Historicity
365:Jesus' race
235:Humiliation
168:Christology
107:August 2019
5264:Categories
5003:Son of God
4898:Depictions
4636:Beatitudes
4593:Temptation
4537:Chronology
4158:2021-07-30
4147:BDEhrman.
3726:1565630866
3476:literature
3462:vernacular
3249:2019-11-06
3222:2019-11-06
3199:References
3134:Sheep Pool
3067:Hacheldama
3011:high place
2863:Gath-Šmānē
2854:Gethsemane
2837:Gethsemane
2627:(Kēphâs).
2562:bnay rḡešy
2554:bnay ra‘mâ
2435:and Greek
2429:Bartimaeus
2425:Mark 10:46
2389:bar-Tōlmay
2348:118:25 "O
2321:See also:
2287:See also:
2273:The Greek
2260:Septuagint
2227:See also:
2157:See also:
2067:" (
1986:King David
1901:maran atha
1897:marana tha
1828:John 20:16
1821:See also:
1737:See also:
1703:recensions
1681:See also:
1598:See also:
1562:Septuagint
1520:See also:
1485:imperative
1469:ṭlīthā qūm
1381:See also:
1318:The Greek
1134:Fricatives
986:Pharyngeal
919:John 19:17
905:Adonibezek
901:Canaanites
840:, and the
815:about the
712:Achaemenid
495:Manichaean
394:Chronology
348:Background
77:newspapers
5231:Sexuality
5216:Criticism
5201:Christmas
5077:Mandaeism
5053:Ahmadiyya
4761:Ascension
4685:Anointing
4620:Disciples
4603:Selecting
4126:0021-9231
4079:0021-9231
3755:Mark 5:41
3451:midrashim
3173:Bethlehem
3169:Bethsaida
3165:Bethphage
3157:Bethabara
3130:Jerusalem
3063:Hakeldama
2602:Galatians
2521:Boanerges
2479:Bar-Jesus
2475:Acts 13:6
2461:Acts 4:36
2451:bar-Šabbā
2447:Barsabbas
2443:Acts 1:23
2405:John 1:42
2311:Hosanna (
2187:is found
2122:romanized
2102:romanized
2091:would be
2032:šəḇaqtanī
1968: (
1960: (
1937:, and of
1888:Maranatha
1857:Maranatha
1775:2 Clement
1712:Raca, or
1618:Galatians
1497:masculine
1425:Vaticanus
1400:Mark 5:41
1140:voiceless
1033:voiceless
937:Phonology
884:Acts 1:19
846:Euphrates
838:Parthians
717:Holy Land
662:Jerusalem
646:Capernaum
545:Depiction
468:Christian
438:Criticism
428:Mythology
369:genealogy
335:End times
320:Disciples
260:Obedience
255:Ascension
240:Execution
5249:Category
5120:Panthera
5105:(mother)
4864:Josephus
4717:Betrayal
4660:Miracles
4655:Parables
4615:Ministry
4598:Apostles
4555:Nativity
4178:Archived
4043:, Book I
4035:Eusebius
3879:Archived
3867:Archived
3769:(2010).
3508:Archived
3474:haggadic
3445:baraitot
3349:(1997).
3315:(1970).
3182:See also
3126:Bethesda
3118:Bethesda
3083:Ben Sira
3075:ḥqēl dmā
3055:Akeldama
3038:Akeldama
2978:gulgolet
2939:Golgotha
2922:Golgotha
2878:shemanim
2874:shemanei
2695:and the
2558:Peshitta
2477: –
2469:bar-Navā
2465:Barnabas
2445: –
2427: –
2419:bar-Abbā
2415:Barabbas
2413: –
2383: –
2370:patronym
2276:κορβανᾶς
2268:offering
2243:treasury
2201:capitals
2089:Peshitta
1978:Psalm 22
1811:declined
1763:16:9–13
1671:Bar Abba
1663:Barabbas
1544:ethpthaḥ
1446:) write
1398:—
1391:, 5:41:
1224:emphatic
1107:emphatic
960:Alveolar
931:Golgotha
923:Golgotha
889:Akeldama
855:—
850:Adiabeni
827:—
795:—
777:Josephus
771:Josephus
652:, where
642:Nazareth
505:Josephus
500:Mandaean
230:Parables
225:Miracles
213:Ministry
203:Nativity
137:a series
135:Part of
5172:Related
5142:Joachim
5036:Judaism
5026:Jesuism
4926:Statues
4879:Gospels
4869:Tacitus
4859:Sources
4784:Matthew
4779:Gospels
4690:Passion
4643:Prayers
4588:Baptism
4577:Infancy
4522:Outline
4219:Sources
4134:3267263
4087:3267052
3938:2882455
3470:Talmuds
3457:Amoraim
3440:Tosefta
3436:Mishnah
3161:Bethany
3138:healing
2959:Vulgate
2955:Calvary
2951:Kranion
2947:Gagūltā
2902:Galilee
2828:Matthew
2739:Δίδυμος
2650:Corinth
2646:Galatia
2483:bar-Išo
2455:Sabbath
2437:timaios
2337:Hosanna
2234:Matthew
2182:English
2164:Matthew
2124::
2104::
1950:Aramaic
1871:Hosanna
1862:Didache
1807:Mamōnâs
1803:Μαμωνᾶς
1707:Vulgate
1688:Matthew
1587:)": -->
1505:copyist
1444:Vulgate
1387:In the
1340:
1327:Semitic
991:Glottal
971:Palatal
912:Bezetha
877:Judaism
745:Hebrews
698:of the
650:Galilee
630:Aramaic
550:Jesuism
510:Tacitus
483:Islamic
208:Baptism
183:Gospels
91:scholar
5206:Easter
5162:Clopas
5109:Joseph
5091:Family
4988:Relics
4949:Christ
4744:Burial
4722:Arrest
4468:
4445:
4422:
4399:
4376:
4353:
4330:
4307:
4284:
4261:
4238:
4204:
4132:
4124:
4085:
4077:
3936:
3783:
3741:
3724:
3696:
3565:
3540:
3491:
3382:
3357:
3292:
3142:John 5
3095:Sirach
3087:Sirakh
3009:means
3007:Gabath
2991:19:13
2974:Hebrew
2932:19:17
2915:15:22
2898:Jewish
2882:shemen
2847:14:32
2830:26:36
2782:Ṭḇīthā
2773:Dorcas
2728:Thomas
2717:11:16
2675:Cephas
2641:Πέτρος
2556:. The
2550:Syriac
2346:Psalms
2314:Ὡσαννά
2256:Korban
2213:Keraia
2193:keraia
2113:Syriac
2093:Syriac
2010:Elijah
1990:Targum
1954:Hebrew
1753:mammon
1733:Mammon
1718:Talmud
1631:Romans
1607:14:36
1571:, the
1473:ṭlīthā
1325:a few
1183:voiced
1073:voiced
998:Nasals
981:Uvular
955:Dental
950:Labial
869:Arabia
753:Hebrew
747:until
710:, and
674:Hebrew
488:Ahmadi
478:Talmud
473:Jewish
448:Relics
305:Gospel
245:Burial
193:Places
163:Christ
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
5285:Jesus
5048:Islam
4727:Trial
4631:Plain
4511:Jesus
4130:JSTOR
4083:JSTOR
3413:(10).
3146:Jesus
3140:. In
3091:Latin
3031:1:19
3013:, or
2894:mišḥa
2799:Peter
2792:Ṭaḇyā
2766:9:36
2745:Θωμᾶς
2733:Θωμᾶς
2679:Peter
2624:Κηφᾶς
2604:1:18
2591:1:12
2577:1:42
2509:James
2497:3:17
2330:11:9
2296:1:15
2236:27:6
2217:serif
2178:Greek
2166:5:18
2040:šāḇaq
2036:šǝḇaq
2014:Ēlīyā
2002:elāhī
1842:rabbi
1836:(KJV)
1795:Punic
1746:6:24
1696:fire.
1690:5:22
1665:is a
1656:’abbā
1633:8:15
1548:pthaḥ
1454:koumi
1449:κοῦμι
1441:Latin
1427:) of
1283:Trill
1027:Stops
976:Velar
785:Judea
781:Greek
670:Judea
654:Jesus
330:Mahdi
325:Death
300:Masih
98:JSTOR
84:books
5148:Heli
5136:Anne
5103:Mary
4799:John
4794:Luke
4789:Mark
4749:Tomb
4466:ISBN
4443:ISBN
4420:ISBN
4397:ISBN
4374:ISBN
4351:ISBN
4328:ISBN
4305:ISBN
4282:ISBN
4259:ISBN
4236:ISBN
4202:ISBN
4122:ISSN
4075:ISSN
3960:2021
3934:OCLC
3915:2021
3794:2020
3781:ISBN
3739:ISBN
3722:ISBN
3563:ISBN
3538:ISBN
3489:ISBN
3380:ISBN
3355:ISBN
3290:ISBN
3171:and
3167:and
3153:beth
3111:5:2
3109:John
3029:Acts
2989:John
2970:-tha
2930:John
2913:Mark
2870:Gath
2845:Mark
2787:טביא
2764:Acts
2750:tōmā
2715:John
2648:and
2632:kēpā
2606:NRSV
2575:John
2538:rḡam
2534:rḡaz
2530:rḡaš
2513:John
2511:and
2495:Mark
2350:Lord
2328:Mark
2294:Luke
2205:yodh
2197:Iota
2191:and
2189:iota
2048:-anī
1943:lema
1939:lama
1931:elōi
1761:Luke
1714:Raka
1644:Abba
1620:4:6
1605:Mark
1589:edit
1577:deaf
1530:7:34
1527:Mark
1499:and
1489:qūmī
1337:lit.
927:-tha
688:and
644:and
628:was
624:and
315:Mary
70:news
4540:of
4114:doi
4110:111
4067:doi
4063:109
3534:181
3329:doi
3003:War
2966:-ta
2890:-im
2886:-ei
2526:bnē
2457:").
2433:bar
2374:ben
2366:bar
2362:bar
2266:or
2137:ESV
2079:in
2071:in
2057:as
1994:šbq
1976:'s
1970:‘zb
1966:עזב
1962:šbq
1958:שבק
1935:ēli
1809:is
1709:.)
1481:Qūm
1477:ṭlē
1462:KJV
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882:In
648:in
636:of
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1154:s
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1093:ɡ
1084:d
1079:b
1064:ʔ
1053:k
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