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complement and a competitor of newspaper sports journalism. Digital sports journalism began in the mid 1990s with ESPN creating the first website in 1995. At first digital sports journalism covered broad topics in scope, but as time went on and the internet became more widespread, bloggers and location and team specific websites started taking over the market. A majority of these smaller websites did not charge a subscription fee as it was funded on advertising. This lower cost to the consumer as well as increased access to variety of very specific content led to the shift away from print and towards digital. However, the growth seen in the digital space which has increased advertising revenue has not balanced out the losses from print journalism. The importance of click count has gone up as these sites are being funded by online advertisers. This has led to many shorter journalistic pieces offering controversial opinions in order to generate the most clicks. Sportswriters regularly face more deadline pressure than other reporters because sporting events tend to occur late in the day and closer to the deadlines many organizations must observe. Yet they are expected to use the same tools as news journalists, and to uphold the same professional and ethical standards. They must take care not to show bias for any team. Twitter and other social media platforms became sports information providers. Twitter became a platform for sports in 2009 during the NBA playoffs. By the end of April, tweeting by television sports analysts, announcers, and journalists was the new trend in sports.
1672:
Bleacher Report, Global Sports Media, House of
Highlights, and YouTube. The rise of mobile streaming has led to approximately 65% of sports followers streaming sports on a mobile device. Smartphones also allow for 24 hour access to sports news via social media apps such as Instagram, Twitter, or Facebook. They are a very fast and convenient way to access sports news on the go no matter where you are. The applications on smartphones that contain information about sports news and events are generally free. Fans ability to access sports on their smartphones allows them to personally engage (i.e. fantasy sports) and/or absorb sports information. Smartphones have truly increased the spread of sports news, typically in the form of videos, highlights, scores, and articles. Applications on smartphones, especially Twitter and ESPN, tend to be the platforms where sports breaking news first emerge. Overall, smartphones provide readily available sports news that can be accessed during the course of a sports fan's everyday life.
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conveyed to the public. The author creates a story from the raw quotes provided by the athlete and this is published to thousands of viewers. Inherent in the publication will be the biases of the author and this will be passed on to the reader (cite). As sports moves more and more into the political discussion space, sports journalist will have increasingly more power over the public sentiment of the hottest issues at the moment.
905:. There are many different forms of sports journalism, ranging from play-by-play and game recaps to analysis and investigative journalism on important developments in the sport. Technology and the internet age has massively changed the sports journalism space as it is struggling with the same problems that the broader category of print journalism is struggling with, mainly not being able to cover costs due to falling
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934:— or more fully "the Sweet Science of Bruising" as a description of England's bare-knuckle fight scene. During the 1820s and 1830s, the primary demographic target for newspapers was the social elite as newspaper was too expensive for the common man. Approaching the 20th century, several important changes occurred that lead to the increased saturation of sports journalism in the
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risen to 20 percent. During this time, newspapers focused mainly on play by play coverage and game recaps of the sport events. Local publications started hiring beat reporters who were tasked with following all developments pertaining to the team. This included traveling with the team and interviewing the players. Teams also started constructing dedicated sections called
3064:
1074:. A large reason for this shift is due to many articles being published about the increased benefit of using analytics to make strategic decisions in a game. As there is data collected about every instance in every sport, sports data analysis has increased. Sports publications are now hiring people with extensive background in
1703:
before she joined CBS in 1984 as a part-time reporter. She is the only sportscaster in history, male or female, to have worked on the Final Four, NBA Finals, World Series, Monday Night
Football, the Super Bowl, the Olympics, and the US Open broadcasts. She has been voted the No. 1 Female Sportscaster
1401:
Since the 1990s, the growing importance of sport, its impact as a global business and the huge amounts of money involved in the staging of events such as the
Olympic Games and football World Cups, has also attracted the attention of investigative journalists. The sensitive nature of the relationships
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before his football games has created diverse and varied coverage. His actions have taken his discussion from the sports field and into the national scope as major political pundits and even the
Presidents commenting on the ethics of his actions. Kaepernick cites that his position as a quarterback in
1008:
Since the start of the new millennium, circulation and advertising numbers of print newspapers having been falling rapidly. This has led to widespread cost cutting and layoffs across the industry. There are 29 percent fewer journalists in the workforce now when compared to the number of journalist in
1711:
It wasn't until 1978 that female sports journalists were allowed to enter locker rooms for interviews. Sports
Illustrated reporter, Melissa Ludtke, sued the New York Yankees for not allowing her to interview players in the locker room during the 1977 World Series. A federal judge ruled that this ban
1671:
The rise of smartphones have recently taken off and altered the way sports media has been presented. Smartphones have had a big influence on how the public perceives sports entertainment and content. Sports media is often accessible on various applications on the smartphone. These apps include ESPN,
1707:
There has been an ongoing debate as to whether or not female reporters should be allowed in the locker rooms after games. If they are denied access, this gives male reporters a competitive advantage in the field, as they can interview players in the locker room after games. If locker room access is
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in 1883 was the first newspaper to have a full times sports department. The following period from 1880 to 1920 saw a massive increase in sports coverage in publications. A study showed that in 1880 only 0.4 percent of space in the newspaper was dedicated to sports. By the 1920s, that proportion had
925:
Modern sports journalism found its roots as content started to appear in newspapers in the early 1800s. At the start, the sports sporadically covered were horse racing and boxing. The focus of the coverage would be less on the event itself and more on the greater social context. Horse races between
1087:
began to sprout as full-time sport analytic sites that took available data and constructed analytic heavy articles pertaining to sports. ESPN has implemented a segment in their shows called ‘Sports
Science’ where stars of every sport come in to test how advanced analytics affect field performance.
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After the Second World War, the sports sections of
British national daily and Sunday newspapers continued to expand, to the point where many papers now have separate standalone sports sections; some Sunday tabloids even have sections, additional to the sports pages, devoted solely to the previous
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In
Britain, the Sports Journalists' Association was founded in 1948. It stages two awards events, an annual Sports Awards ceremony which recognizes outstanding performances by British sportsmen and women during the previous year, and the British Sports Journalism Awards, the industry's "Oscars",
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Through the 1970s and 1980s, a rise in "citizen journalism" in Europe was witnessed in the rapid growth in popularity of soccer "fanzines" - cheaply printed magazines written by fans for fans that bypassed often stilted official club match programs and traditional media. Many continue today and
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gives him a unique opportunity to carry out his message. Kaepernick's actions have inspired a wave of athletes using their position to take on social issues ranging from abortion to college athletes getting monetary compensation. Sports journalism plays a significant role in how these views are
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As technology introduced new developments like the radio, television and the internet, the focus of sports coverage shifted from the play by play to statistical analysis of the game and background pieces on the players. This was also coupled with a massive increase in sports amongst the general
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and ESPN have had to cut content, increase prices and reduce the number of publications which leads to more people unsubscribing from the content. The fall in print sports journalism can be tied to the rise of internet and digital sports journalism. Digital sports journalism serves as both a
1651:
More recently, investment vehicles like Rocket Sports
Internet have emerged that provide capital for sports journalists and news creators to run their own businesses and leverage the increasing number of ways that creators can more easily generate revenue streams outside of the conventional
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sponsored by UK Sport and presented each March. Founded as the Sports
Writers' Association, following a merger with the Professional Sports Photographers' Association in 2002, the organization changed its title to the more inclusive SJA. The SJA represents the British sports media on the
1516:
The International Sports Press Association, AIPS, was founded in 1924 during the Olympic Games in Paris, at the headquarters of the Sporting Club de France, by Frantz Reichel, the press chief of the Paris Games, and the Belgian Victor Boin. AIPS operates through a system of continental
1291:, began to adopt the policy of hiring former sports stars to pen columns, which were often ghost written. Some such ghosted columns, however, did little to further the reputation of sports journalism, which is increasingly becoming the subject of academic scrutiny of its standards.
1513:. Many sports also have their own clubs and associations for specified journalists. These organizations attempt to maintain the standard of press provision at sports venues, to oversee fair accreditation procedures and to celebrate high standards of sports journalism.
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Many "ghosted" columns were often run by independent sports agencies, based in Fleet Street or in the provinces, who had signed up the sports star to a contract and then syndicated their material among various titles. These agencies included Pardons, or the
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collapsed within sight of the finishing line when leading, that Conan Doyle led a public subscription campaign to see the gallant Italian, having been denied the gold medal through his disqualification, awarded a special silver cup, which was presented by
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day's football reports. In some respects, this has replaced the earlier practice of many regional newspapers which - until overtaken by the pace of modern electronic media - would produce special results editions rushed out on Saturday evenings.
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McIlvanney and Wooldridge, who died in March 2007, aged 75, both enjoyed careers that saw them frequently work in television. During his career, Wooldridge became so famous that, like the sports stars he reported upon, he hired the services of
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in order to publish articles detailing the analysis these teams are conducting. New metrics have been created to study the quality of player performance. The metrics have also been used to compile rankings of players and teams. Blog sites like
1402:
between sports journalists and the subjects of their reporting, as well as declining budgets experienced by most Fleet Street newspapers, has meant that such long-term projects have often emanated from television documentary makers.
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having dedicated sports sections. The increased popularity of sports amongst the middle and lower class led to the more coverage of sports content in publications. The appetite for sports resulted in sports-only media such as
1219:
The rise of the radio made sports journalism more focused on the live coverage of the sporting events. The first sports reporter in Great Britain, and one of the first sports reporters in the World, was an English writer
1559:'s press advisory committee and acts as a consultant to organizers of major events who need guidance on media requirements as well as seeking to represent its members' interests in a range of activities. In March 2008,
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There are also editorially managed sites that do pay their contributors in a similar fashion to traditional publishers. I.e. a price per word or per article. Examples of these are Athlon Sports and The Sporting Blog.
1096:
The tradition of sports reporting attracting some of the finest writers in journalism can be traced to the coverage of sport in Victorian England, where several modern sports – such as association football,
890:. Sports journalism has its roots in coverage of horse racing and boxing in the early 1800s, mainly targeted towards elites, and into the 1900s transitioned into an integral part of the news business with
1212:, which in those Edwardian times was a daily newspaper which sought to cover all sporting events, rather than just a betting paper for horse racing and greyhounds that it became in the years after the
1539:
For horse racing the Horserace Writers and Photographers’ Association was founded in 1927, was revived in 1967, and represents the interests of racing journalists in every branch of the media.
1641:, and Muckrack, which are free platforms to use, which in turn do not pay the contributors. This can lead to a lack of quality as there is no editorial element, however their reach is large.
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In more recent years, sports journalism has turned its attention to online news and press release media and provided services to Associated Press and other major news syndication services.
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public. The increased popularity of football, basketball and hockey meant more content to publish and more interested readers to publish to. This led to the creation of journals like
942:
which allowed for cheaper and more tabloid style of newspaper production. Newspapers also began using advertising to pay for their production costs instead of relying on circulation.
1637:
There are now platforms that act as 'Blog hosts', which allow both amateur and professional sports writers to host their content without the need for a custom website. These include
1571:, of Sky Sports, was named Sports Broadcaster of the Year for the third time, a prize determined by a ballot of SJA members. Stelling won the vote again the following year, when the
969:
The 1920s has been called the "Golden Age of American Sports". Baseball became the national pastime, college football became popular, and radio and newspaper coverage increased. The
996:
was the brainchild of Henry Lucre who felt that the established publishers at the time were not taking advantage of the public's massive appetite for sports. With weekly issues,
1812:
1245:, had already played an equally influential part in the sporting fabric of society when it announced in 1903 that it would stage an annual bicycle race around the country. The
1622:
The advent of the Internet has seen much of this fan-generated energy directed into sports blogs. Ranging from team-centric blogs to those that cover the sports media itself,
1088:
There has been much pushback by many over the use of analytics in sports. Many established coaches are quick to bash analytics as narrow and ignorant of the big picture.
926:
the North and South and boxing bouts between US and England garnered much interest from the social elite. In the early nineteenth century, popular British sportswriter
1800:
1466:– often requires the view of an outsider who is not compromised by the need of day-to-day dealings with sportsmen and officials, as required by "beat" correspondents.
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are considered pioneers in women's sportscasting. Chastain was the first woman to work for a large network (CBS) and the first woman to do play-by-play in the '60s.
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and England international matches from the BBC to rival broadcasters ITV. One of the reasons cited was that the BBC had been too critical of the performances of the
1393:, to manage his affairs. Glanville wrote several books, including novels, as well as scripting the memorable official film to the 1966 World Cup staged in England.
1708:
denied to all reporters - male and female - because of this controversy, male journalists would likely resent female reporters for having their access taken away.
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was born, and sports journalism's role in its foundation is still reflected today in the leading rider wearing a yellow jersey - the color of the paper on which
1000:
was able to produce more classic journalistic pieces as the writers had more time to research and conduct longer interview sit downs with players and coaches.
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Other sports blogs such as Fansided and SB Nation suggest a combination of traffic and results based incentives with regards to recompense for contributions.
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1193:, Massachusetts, and London, and at future Olympics, were henceforward staged over exactly the same, 26-mile, 385-yard distance used for the
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as its cricket correspondent as well as its music critic. Cardus was later knighted for his services to journalism. One of his successors,
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sub-associations and national associations, and liaises closely with some of the world's biggest sports federations, including the
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in 1908 attracted such widespread public interest that many newspapers assigned their very best-known writers to the event. The
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monitors trends and strategy within the sports media industry. The center is also home to the Associated Press Sports Editors.
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to enhance the cooperation between its member associations in defending sport and the professional interest of their members.
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2002:
McNay, John (2008). "Breaking the Copper Collar: Press Freedom, Professionalization and the History of Montana Journalism".
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Many became household names in the late 20th century through their trenchant reporting of events, spurring popularity: the
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established a similar tradition, with the leading rider wearing a jersey the same pink color as the sponsoring newspaper,
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with their controversial investigation of corruption within the International Olympic Committee. Jennings and Simson's
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in baseball is an example of this. Modern controversies regarding the hyper-compensation of top athletes, the use of
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1044:, and the cost to local and national governments to build sports venues and related infrastructure, especially for
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unravelled many scandals involving doping, fixed races and bribery in international athletics in their 1996 book,
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1134:, possibly because of its esteemed place in society, has regularly attracted the most elegant of writers. The
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1493:, producing popular books on a range of sporting topics, including biographies, history and investigations.
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to strengthen the friendship, solidarity and common interests between sports journalists of all countries.
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There has been a major shift within sports in the last decade as more sports teams are switching to using
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1052:'s protest of injustice shown to people of color by the police by kneeling during the performance of the
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1980. These developments have significantly affected sports journalism as established publications like
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organisational structures. Early successes include BenchWarmers, Empire of the Kop and caughtoffside.
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is a key social media app on smartphones that contributes to the rise of sports journalism and media.
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Sports stories occasionally transcend the games themselves and take on socio-political significance:
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1525:, the international track and field body. The first statutes of AIPS mentioned these objectives:
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award in 1989, which has continued to reward authors for their excellence in sports literature.
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in Salt Lake City; Jennings would follow-up with two further books on the Olympics and one on
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1609:, Munro was hired by the club to write for its matchday magazine and is now sports editor of
1412:, which analyzed British football, followed in the tradition established a decade earlier by
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Schultz, Brian (September 2007). "Sports journalists who blog cling to traditional values".
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2395:"Fact: The Golden State is the epicenter of baseball, a mother lode of sun-ripened talent"
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being scored) to bring visual imagery to their audience while reporting on sports stories.
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1048:, also demonstrates how sports can intrude on to the news pages. Recently, the issue of
992:, first published in 1954, was one of the first publications to solely focus on sports.
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provided the first mass spectator event for journalistic coverage. The Race, an annual
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and originally staged over the 1908 Olympic route from outside the royal residence at
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Sportswriting in Britain has attracted some of the finest journalistic talents. The
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2015:
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The Bittersweet Science: Fifteen Writers in the Gym, in the Corner, and at Ringside
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in many ways predicted the scandals that were to emerge around the staging of the
1189:. And the public imagination was so well caught by the event that annual races in
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2272:"Sports Fans More Likely To Consume Smartphone Content But Pay-TV Still Popular"
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opted to switch its multimillion-pound contract for UK coverage rights of the
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Further information on social and political effects of sports journalism:
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But the writing of such exposes - referred to as "spitting in the soup" by
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1148:, who became a worldwide favorite because of his radio commentaries on the
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in the current millennium have pushed the boundaries of sports journalism.
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Ashraf, Syed Irfan (September 2013). "Doing the Censors' Work for Them".
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Rooting for the story: Institutional sports journalism in the digital age
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The stakes can be high when upsetting sport's powers: in 2007, England's
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Women have not always been in the sports reporting field. Women such as
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was in violation of the Equal Protection Clause in the 14th Amendment.
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s Paul Kimmage won the interviewer of the year prize for a fifth time.
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was the first newspapers to publishing consistent sports coverage. The
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Online. Other titles, such as the irreverent monthly soccer magazine
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2320:"Article - Women in Sportscasting: A Brief History, by Lou Schwartz"
1719:(whom some consider the "Jackie Robinson of female sportswriters"),
207:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
2212:"The Future of Sports Journalism in a Technologically Driven World"
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in the stadiums for the press to sit and record notes on the game.
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Form of journalism that reports on sporting topics and competitions
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2345:"Twelve Women Who Pioneered the Era of Female Sports Broadcasters"
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Masters of Theory: Cambridge and the Rise of Mathematical Physics
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2296:"Smart Phones Have Significant Impact on Sports Fans' Behavior"
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to assure the best possible working conditions for the members.
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List of American journalism awards § Sports journalism
1975:"Sports Illustrated, The Magazine That Popularized Sports"
1601:, have been adopted by their clubs. Once an editor of the
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1357:'s fight career, including his 1974 title bout against
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of key action shots of games (such as this photo of an
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Network, and others have garnered massive followings.
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coined the term "the Sweet Science" as an epithet for
1948:
Schlesinger, Arthur (1933). "The rise of the city".
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National Sportscasters and Sportswriters Association
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101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1389:, the agency founded by the American businessman,
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1913:
1911:
1801:National Collegiate Baseball Writers Association
1521:, football's world governing body FIFA, and the
1489:Increasingly, sports journalists have turned to
1365:; and the career highs and lows of the likes of
1904:. University of Chicago Press. 2017. p. 3.
2097:"Sports Journalism in the Age of Social Media"
1920:"Sports in the 1920s:The Golden age of Sports"
1299:, which routinely provided the editors of the
3116:
2501:
1578:In the United States, the Indianapolis-based
856:
8:
1847:United States Basketball Writers Association
2467:Course Module Overview on Sports Journalism
2300:UF College of Journalism and Communications
1926:. NCpedia (State Library of North Carolina)
1563:, then the chief football correspondent of
1546:Press room at the Philips Stadion, home of
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3123:
3109:
3101:
2508:
2494:
2486:
1208:to White City, was first sponsored by the
1180:Such was the drama of that race, in which
863:
849:
264:
2369:"Working in Sports Journalism as a Woman"
1287:using former England cricket captain Sir
241:Learn how and when to remove this message
223:Learn how and when to remove this message
161:Learn how and when to remove this message
1831:Professional Hockey Writers' Association
1753:Baseball Writers' Association of America
1408:, with his 2003 sports book of the year
1342:, and columnist Patrick Collins, of the
1279:, with 1924 Olympic 100 meters champion
1859:
1769:Football Writers Association of America
1509:Most countries have their own national
765:
717:
646:
455:
359:
267:
2423:Sports Journalism: A Multimedia Primer
1837:Scottish Football Writers' Association
882:that reports on matters pertaining to
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1943:
1941:
1697:Lesley Visser was a sportswriter for
7:
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1995:
1969:
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1873:
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1619:, have effectively gone mainstream.
1499:William Hill Sports Book of the Year
1128:, has been held annually from 1856.
99:adding citations to reliable sources
2123:Cruz, Christopher M. (2017-03-22).
2324:American Sportscasters Association
2095:Wasserstein, Felipe (2017-04-12).
1819:Pro Basketball Writers Association
1397:Investigative journalism and sport
1112:Andrew Warwick has suggested that
938:. The first was the advent of the
257:Sports photographers at a game at
25:
1807:National Sports Journalism Center
1580:National Sports Journalism Center
1511:association of sports journalists
1152:, was also known for his poetry.
45:This article has multiple issues.
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3075:
3074:
3062:
1825:Pro Football Writers Association
1796:List of sports journalism awards
1435:Likewise, award-winning writers
825:
275:
177:
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34:
3085:
2125:"Kaepernick and Media Coverage"
1918:Summer, Jim (January 1, 2004).
1519:International Olympic Committee
1497:was the first recipient of the
1351:Massacre at the Munich Olympics
86:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
2016:10.1080/08821127.2008.10678094
1890:(Thesis). Syracuse University.
1884:Motiz, Brian (December 2014).
1715:Some female reporters include
1381:and other high-profile stars.
1:
3188:Pundit / commentator
2184:"Global Club Soccer Rankings"
1775:Football Writers' Association
1759:Broadcasting of sports events
1550:, prior to a press conference
1265:Sports stars in the press box
1253:was published (in Italy, the
814:Pundit / commentator
1230:British Broadcasting Company
1200:The London race, called the
1018:Socio-political significance
352:Index of journalism articles
3691:List of journalism articles
2393:Kipen, David (2004-07-27).
2243:University of Chicago Press
2039:Those Guys Have all the Fun
1682:List of women sportswriters
1557:British Olympic Association
1432:, the world football body.
1173:to cover the finish of the
1066:Future of sports journalism
1042:performance-enhancing drugs
954:Sports journalists rely on
203:the claims made and adding
3740:
2438:AP Sports Writing Handbook
2162:10.1177/073953290702800406
2150:Newspaper Research Journal
1679:
1021:
3688:
3056:
2471:Open School of Journalism
2066:10.1177/0956474813504871c
2054:British Journalism Review
1781:Ice Hockey Journalists UK
1607:Fortune's Always Dreaming
1273:Some newspapers, such as
837:Category: Journalism
2658:Bodybuilding supplements
2476:List of Sports magazines
2235:Warwick, Andrew (2003).
1297:Cricket Reporting Agency
1228:on June 6, 1923 for the
1059:National Football League
909:. New forms of internet
3148:Journalists (reporters)
2399:San Francisco Chronicle
1950:History of America Life
1363:Heysel Stadium disaster
1224:, who made a report on
1122:University of Cambridge
774:Journalists (reporters)
3262:Editorial independence
2037:Miller, James (2011).
1733:Marjorie Herrera Lewis
1668:
1597:Some authors, such as
1551:
1422:The Lords of the Rings
966:
342:Editorial independence
262:
3616:Pink-slime journalism
3601:Horse race journalism
2441:, McGraw-Hill, 2001,
1764:Cricket Writers' Club
1663:
1545:
1479:England football team
1303:cricket almanac, and
1241:, the predecessor of
1195:1908 Olympic Marathon
1024:Mediatization (media)
953:
832:Journalism portal
695:Pink-slime journalism
680:Horse race journalism
256:
3591:Freedom of the press
2373:www.workinsports.com
1426:2002 Winter Olympics
1338:, best known at the
1202:Polytechnic Marathon
1157:London Olympic Games
1126:University of Oxford
670:Freedom of the press
95:improve this article
3653:Newspaper of record
2425:, Routledge, 2007,
2216:www.sporttechie.com
2004:American Journalism
1617:When Saturday Comes
1137:Manchester Guardian
732:Newspaper of record
110:"Sports journalism"
3719:Sports journalists
2675:Physical education
2481:The Sports Reviews
2375:. 14 November 2016
2270:McCaskill, Steve.
1979:historylessons.net
1842:Sports commentator
1669:
1589:Fanzines and blogs
1552:
1334:and soccer writer
1322:and lately at the
1171:White City Stadium
1167:Arthur Conan Doyle
1120:event between the
1040:and other, banned
1011:Sports Illustrated
998:Sports Illustrated
994:Sports Illustrated
989:Sports Illustrated
967:
898:Sports Illustrated
263:
188:possibly contains
3714:Sports journalism
3701:
3700:
3679:Alternative media
3631:Yellow journalism
3267:Journalism school
3098:
3097:
3069:Sports portal
2680:Physical activity
2626:Athletic training
2609:Strength training
2561:Semi-professional
2447:978-0-07-137218-3
2435:Wilstein, Steve,
2431:978-0-415-39424-6
2172:– via SAGE.
1491:long-form writing
1038:anabolic steroids
876:Sports journalism
873:
872:
758:Alternative media
710:Yellow journalism
347:Journalism school
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190:original research
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16:(Redirected from
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3626:Propaganda model
3621:Public relations
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1981:. 13 August 2014
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1700:The Boston Globe
1676:Female reporting
1314:s Peter Wilson,
1283:, or the London
1276:The Sunday Times
1214:Second World War
1050:Colin Kaepernick
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705:Propaganda model
700:Public relations
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3523:Photojournalism
3392:Interventionism
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1603:West Ham United
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1414:Andrew Jennings
1399:
1336:Brian Glanville
1316:Hugh McIlvanney
1281:Harold Abrahams
1267:
1187:Queen Alexandra
1094:
1085:FiveThirtyEight
1068:
1054:national anthem
1030:Jackie Robinson
1026:
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971:New York Herald
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604:Photojournalism
473:Interventionism
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3473:Human-interest
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3257:Sensationalism
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3226:code of ethics
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3178:News presenter
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2461:External links
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1391:Mark McCormack
1379:Lester Piggott
1359:George Foreman
1344:Mail on Sunday
1328:Ian Wooldridge
1289:Leonard Hutton
1266:
1263:
1247:Tour de France
1206:Windsor Castle
1182:Dorando Pietri
1142:Neville Cardus
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3038:North America
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2921:Sportsmanship
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2745:International
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2701:Organizations
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2599:Periodization
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2455:0-07-137218-0
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2258:
2256:0-226-87374-9
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2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
1998:
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1980:
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1968:
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1849:(US; college)
1848:
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1823:
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1771:(US; college)
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1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1737:Sally Jenkins
1734:
1730:
1729:Lesley Visser
1726:
1722:
1721:Anita Martini
1718:
1717:Adeline Daley
1713:
1709:
1705:
1704:of all time.
1702:
1701:
1695:
1693:
1692:Lesley Visser
1689:
1688:Jane Chastain
1683:
1675:
1673:
1666:
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1600:
1595:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1576:
1574:
1573:Sunday Times'
1570:
1569:Jeff Stelling
1566:
1562:
1561:Martin Samuel
1558:
1549:
1548:PSV Eindhoven
1544:
1540:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1514:
1512:
1505:Organizations
1504:
1502:
1500:
1496:
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1484:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1445:Steven Downes
1442:
1438:
1437:Duncan Mackay
1433:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:Broken Dreams
1407:
1403:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1388:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1375:David Beckham
1372:
1368:
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1352:
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1337:
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1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1312:Daily Mirror'
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1277:
1271:
1264:
1262:
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1256:
1255:Giro d'Italia
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:Edgar Wallace
1217:
1215:
1211:
1210:Sporting Life
1207:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1165:even had Sir
1164:
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1153:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1114:The Boat Race
1110:
1108:
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1100:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1046:Olympic Games
1043:
1039:
1035:
1034:color barrier
1032:breaking the
1031:
1025:
1017:
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1003:
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999:
995:
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983:
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964:
961:
957:
952:
945:
943:
941:
937:
933:
932:prizefighting
929:
921:Early history
920:
918:
916:
912:
908:
907:subscriptions
904:
900:
899:
893:
889:
885:
881:
878:is a form of
877:
866:
861:
859:
854:
852:
847:
846:
844:
843:
838:
835:
833:
823:
822:
821:
820:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
799:Meteorologist
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
771:
770:
769:
764:
759:
756:
754:
753:News agencies
751:
749:
746:
744:
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733:
729:
726:
725:
724:
723:
720:
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711:
708:
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698:
696:
693:
690:
689:False balance
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
660:Fourth Estate
658:
656:
653:
652:
651:
650:
647:Social impact
645:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
609:Press release
607:
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587:
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582:
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575:
572:
570:
569:Investigative
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
544:Fact-checking
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
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525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
509:Collaborative
507:
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389:
386:
384:
383:Entertainment
381:
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364:
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292:Writing style
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266:
260:
255:
245:
242:
227:
224:
216:
213:December 2019
206:
202:
198:
192:
191:
186:This article
184:
175:
174:
165:
162:
154:
151:December 2019
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119:
115:
112: –
111:
107:
106:Find sources:
100:
96:
90:
89:
84:This article
82:
78:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
3664:TV and radio
3596:Infotainment
3586:Fifth Estate
3483:Interpretive
3433:Comics-based
3183:Photographer
3060:
2859:Cheerleaders
2815:
2768:Broadcasting
2663:Sports drink
2631:Chriopractic
2589:Biomechanics
2556:Professional
2436:
2422:
2402:. Retrieved
2398:
2388:
2377:. Retrieved
2372:
2363:
2352:. Retrieved
2348:
2343:Mead, Doug.
2338:
2327:. Retrieved
2323:
2314:
2303:. Retrieved
2299:
2290:
2279:. Retrieved
2275:
2265:
2237:
2230:
2219:. Retrieved
2215:
2192:. Retrieved
2190:. 2017-08-22
2187:
2178:
2156:(4): 62–76.
2153:
2149:
2143:
2132:. Retrieved
2128:
2104:. Retrieved
2101:The Circular
2100:
2090:
2060:(3): 12–15.
2057:
2053:
2047:
2041:. Goodreads.
2038:
2032:
2007:
2003:
1983:. Retrieved
1978:
1949:
1930:September 2,
1928:. Retrieved
1923:
1901:
1896:
1886:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1698:
1696:
1685:
1670:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1628:Deadspin.com
1621:
1616:
1610:
1606:
1596:
1592:
1584:
1577:
1572:
1564:
1553:
1538:
1515:
1508:
1495:Dan Topolski
1488:
1485:Sports books
1468:
1464:Sunday Times
1463:
1460:Paul Kimmage
1457:
1453:Cliff Temple
1448:
1441:The Guardian
1440:
1434:
1421:
1409:
1404:
1400:
1383:
1355:Muhammad Ali
1348:
1343:
1340:Sunday Times
1339:
1331:
1324:Sunday Times
1323:
1320:The Observer
1319:
1311:
1309:
1293:
1285:Evening News
1284:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1250:
1242:
1236:
1234:
1218:
1209:
1199:
1179:
1160:
1154:
1135:
1130:
1111:
1095:
1069:
1027:
1010:
1007:
997:
993:
987:
984:
974:
970:
968:
946:20th century
924:
896:
888:competitions
875:
874:
809:Photographer
743:TV and radio
675:Infotainment
665:Fifth Estate
564:Interpretive
514:Comics-based
417:
237:
219:
210:
187:
157:
148:
138:
131:
124:
117:
105:
93:Please help
88:verification
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
3543:Underground
3458:Explanatory
3383:Adversarial
3348:Video games
3305:Environment
3247:Attribution
3242:News values
3237:Objectivity
3168:Copy editor
2964:Flying disc
2879:Memorabilia
2788:Sponsorship
2421:Steen, R.,
1924:ncpedia.org
1725:Mary Garber
1656:Smartphones
1371:George Best
1367:Tiger Woods
1318:, first at
1259:La Gazzetta
1235:In France,
1146:John Arlott
1080:mathematics
1004:Digital age
956:photographs
940:penny press
928:Pierce Egan
886:topics and
794:Copy editor
624:Underground
539:Explanatory
464:Adversarial
433:Video games
388:Environment
327:Attribution
322:News values
317:Objectivity
3708:Categories
3649:Newspapers
3641:News media
3606:Media bias
3508:Non-profit
3493:Multimedia
3413:Churnalism
3338:Technology
3252:Defamation
3199:Profession
3132:Journalism
3002:Regulation
2992:Ministries
2987:Sports law
2969:Sportswear
2906:Philosophy
2816:Journalism
2728:Postseason
2646:Psychology
2641:Physicians
2604:Physiology
2546:Parasports
2531:Individual
2404:2014-05-20
2379:2020-04-14
2354:2020-04-14
2329:2020-04-14
2305:2021-10-09
2281:2021-10-09
2245:. p.
2221:2019-11-13
2194:2019-11-13
2134:2019-11-13
2106:2021-02-26
2010:: 99–123.
1985:2019-11-11
1854:References
1786:Journalism
1741:Holly Rowe
1680:See also:
1632:Yardbarker
1418:Vyv Simson
1332:Daily Mail
1162:Daily Mail
1155:The first
1076:statistics
960:ice hockey
936:mainstream
892:newspapers
728:Newspapers
719:News media
685:Media bias
589:Non-profit
574:Multimedia
494:Churnalism
423:Technology
332:Defamation
269:Journalism
259:Croke Park
197:improve it
121:newspapers
50:improve it
3659:Magazines
3576:Fake news
3498:Narrative
3478:Immersion
3438:Community
3408:Broadcast
3153:Columnist
3023:Australia
2936:Equipment
2911:Rivalries
2896:Numbering
2889:Nicknames
2838:Promoters
2821:Magazines
2783:Marketing
2773:Economics
2692:Sociology
2653:Nutrition
2170:151100599
2082:147286515
2074:0956-4748
2024:158624630
1777:(England)
1599:Jim Munro
1565:The Times
1406:Tom Bower
1353:in 1972;
1226:The Derby
1103:athletics
1092:In Europe
1072:analytics
980:press box
779:Columnist
738:Magazines
655:Fake news
579:Narrative
559:Immersion
519:Community
489:Broadcast
261:, Ireland
201:verifying
56:talk page
3693:–
3669:Internet
3558:Watchdog
3448:Database
3403:Blogging
3398:Analytic
3388:Advocacy
3325:Politics
3315:Medicine
3290:Business
3080:Category
2979:Politics
2959:Exercise
2926:Violence
2826:Podcasts
2778:Industry
2755:Business
2670:Pedagogy
2621:Medicine
2594:Practice
2584:Exercise
1747:See also
1665:Facebook
1605:fanzine
1594:thrive.
1243:L'Equipe
1175:Marathon
915:tweeting
911:blogging
884:sporting
748:Internet
639:Watchdog
529:Database
484:Blogging
479:Analytic
469:Advocacy
408:Politics
398:Medicine
373:Business
3695:Outline
3538:Tabloid
3513:Opinion
3418:Citizen
3358:Weather
3343:Traffic
3330:Science
3310:Fashion
3232:Culture
3216:Five Ws
3158:Blogger
3090:Outline
3043:Oceania
2874:History
2854:Betting
2847:Culture
2718:Leagues
2576:Science
2566:Amateur
2469:at the
1612:The Sun
1330:of the
1305:Hayters
1169:at the
1132:Cricket
1099:cricket
880:writing
784:Blogger
619:Tabloid
594:Opinion
499:Citizen
443:Weather
428:Traffic
413:Science
393:Fashion
312:Culture
296:Five Ws
195:Please
135:scholar
3553:Visual
3533:Sensor
3374:Genres
3334:Sports
3222:Ethics
3163:Editor
3033:Europe
3018:Africa
2954:Caving
2884:Naming
2763:Agents
2735:School
2723:Season
2636:Injury
2616:Doping
2453:
2445:
2429:
2276:Forbes
2253:
2168:
2129:Medium
2080:
2072:
2022:
1958:476454
1956:
1739:, and
1639:Medium
1475:FA Cup
1443:, and
1361:; the
1301:Wisden
1251:L'Auto
1238:L'Auto
1191:Boston
1118:rowing
789:Editor
634:Visual
614:Sensor
456:Genres
418:Sports
302:Ethics
137:
130:
123:
116:
108:
3548:Video
3518:Peace
3468:Gonzo
3423:Civic
3363:World
3320:Music
3277:Areas
3139:Roles
2949:Balls
2831:Radio
2793:Trade
2740:Teams
2708:Clubs
2551:Women
2524:Types
2517:Sport
2166:S2CID
2078:S2CID
2020:S2CID
1439:, of
1107:rugby
766:Roles
629:Video
599:Peace
549:Gonzo
504:Civic
448:World
403:Music
360:Areas
142:JSTOR
128:books
3724:News
3443:Data
3295:Data
3285:Arts
3207:News
3028:Asia
2536:Team
2451:ISBN
2443:ISBN
2427:ISBN
2251:ISBN
2070:ISSN
1954:OCLC
1932:2021
1833:(US)
1827:(US)
1821:(US)
1815:(US)
1809:(US)
1803:(US)
1755:(US)
1690:and
1523:IAAF
1430:FIFA
1416:and
1124:and
1105:and
1078:and
1057:the
963:goal
913:and
903:ESPN
901:and
524:Data
378:Data
368:Arts
287:News
114:news
3353:War
2869:Fan
2247:213
2158:doi
2062:doi
2012:doi
1387:IMG
1261:).
1150:BBC
438:War
199:by
97:by
3710::
2449:,
2397:.
2371:.
2347:.
2322:.
2298:.
2274:.
2249:.
2241:.
2214:.
2203:^
2186:.
2164:.
2154:28
2152:.
2127:.
2115:^
2099:.
2076:.
2068:.
2058:24
2056:.
2018:.
2008:25
2006:.
1994:^
1977:.
1966:^
1952:.
1940:^
1922:.
1910:^
1862:^
1743:.
1735:,
1731:,
1727:,
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