196:
1648:
36:
705:
312:, Sahagún relates that Aztec midwives would tell newborns after bathing them, "You were created in the place of duality, the place above the nine heavens. Your father and mother—Ōmetēuctli and Ōmecihuātl, the heavenly woman—formed you, created you."
308:, the 13th, highest heaven, from which human souls descended to earth. Tōnacātēcuhtli is associated with procreation, appearing in pre-Columbian art near copulating humans. In the
289:
1693:
1332:
1547:
755:
662:
1322:
1552:
1727:
534:
1686:
604:
562:
433:
372:
1617:
1497:
1679:
585:
655:
1592:
1562:
284:
Tōnacātēcuhtli was the
Central Mexican form of the aged creator god common to Mesoamerican religion. According to the
1397:
200:
1357:
195:
1567:
1442:
1437:
264:
would mean "Lord of Our Food" or "Lord of Our Flesh", most commonly rendered "Lord of Our
Sustenance." The word
648:
1472:
842:
725:
1537:
1722:
1281:
1142:
1137:
177:, worshipped for populating the earth and making it fruitful. Most Colonial-era manuscripts equate him with
951:
1517:
293:
693:
1717:
1597:
1482:
1132:
1627:
1607:
1587:
1577:
1572:
1507:
1487:
1467:
1452:
1447:
1422:
1327:
1302:
832:
783:
599:. Translated by Dibble, Charles E.; Anderson, Arthur J. O. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
1412:
793:
1712:
1512:
1427:
1276:
859:
1367:
1096:
956:
936:
763:
713:
504:
327:
1076:
1031:
931:
916:
891:
1457:
1612:
1417:
1248:
810:
624:
600:
581:
558:
530:
429:
368:
213:
1663:
1243:
1582:
1527:
1402:
1342:
1312:
1307:
1238:
1001:
961:
881:
822:
309:
304:
resided in "in Tōnacātēuctli īchān" ("the mansion of the Lord of
Abundance"), also known as
297:
67:
63:
901:
1477:
1407:
1372:
1193:
966:
788:
773:
671:
166:
156:
1086:
921:
35:
1522:
1392:
1352:
1317:
1167:
1041:
986:
896:
685:
1647:
615:
330:, Tōnacātēcuhtli and Tōnacācihuātl are listed as one of several pairs of gods to whom
1706:
1542:
1387:
1162:
1081:
981:
976:
946:
941:
906:
827:
301:
285:
182:
174:
134:
1622:
1602:
1462:
1347:
1337:
1213:
1177:
1106:
1046:
1036:
847:
815:
735:
730:
331:
189:
152:
148:
41:
1253:
426:
Los Dioses en los
Codices Mexicanos del Grupo Borgia: Tonacacihuatl-Tonacatecuhtli
574:
1659:
1557:
1532:
1502:
1492:
1382:
1377:
1362:
1297:
1233:
1208:
1147:
1111:
1091:
1051:
852:
837:
768:
576:
An
Illustrated Dictionary of the Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya
323:(thirteen-day ritual week) named 1 Cipactli (itself the first of the trecenas).
88:
1432:
1228:
1218:
1203:
1172:
1152:
1127:
911:
740:
144:
1655:
1271:
1157:
1071:
1066:
971:
338:
1198:
805:
704:
1026:
1011:
1006:
991:
886:
876:
778:
744:
319:, the first of the twenty days in a month, as well as presiding over the
316:
305:
178:
52:
1056:
1016:
996:
926:
871:
320:
1101:
1021:
640:
555:
Teogonía e historia de los mexicanos: tres opúsculos del siglo xvi
548:. The Story of the Nations. Vol. 27. London: T. Fisher Unwin.
240:
presents several possible interpretations. Some read this root as
194:
102:
98:
315:
In terms of the Aztec calendar, Tōnacātēcuhtli was the patron of
1061:
78:
644:
252:, meaning "human flesh" or "food", with the possessive prefix
428:(in Spanish). Fondo de Cultura Económica. pp. 285–315.
404:
402:
400:
398:
396:
527:
474:
472:
1667:
271:
265:
259:
253:
247:
241:
235:
229:
223:
217:
597:
Florentine Codex Book 6: Rhetoric and Moral
Philosophy
447:
445:
199:
1290:
1262:
1186:
1120:
754:
712:
678:
503:Gruyter, Josiah de; Gruyter, Willem Josiah (1946).
140:
130:
122:
114:
109:
94:
84:
74:
59:
48:
21:
619:(online version, incorporating reproductions from
573:
290:History of the Mexicans as Told by Their Paintings
358:
356:
354:
621:Dictionnaire de la langue nahuatl ou mexicaine
408:
1687:
656:
616:"Dictionnaire de la langue nahuatl classique"
8:
529:. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
276:the alternate reading "Lord of Abundance".
1694:
1680:
663:
649:
641:
478:
34:
572:Miller, Mary; Taube, Karl, eds. (1993).
553:Garibay Kintana, Ángel Ma., ed. (1965).
451:
419:
417:
1548:Romances de los señores de Nueva España
350:
246:(without the long 'o'), consisting of
18:
490:
7:
1644:
1642:
212:The god's name is a compound of two
463:
1666:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
506:A New Approach to Maya Hieroglyphs
341:into a dog when she offended him.
188:Tonacateuchtli is depicted in the
40:Tōnacātēcuhtli as depicted in the
14:
1443:Lienzo de Coixtlahuaca I & II
688:: Ometēcuthli and Omecihuātl (or
557:. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa.
300:, Tōnacātēcuhtli and his consort
270:simply means "abundance", giving
1646:
703:
387:
367:(in Spanish). Editorial Porrúa.
234:is generally translated "lord",
1618:Codex Vindobonensis Mexicanus I
1498:Oztoticpac Lands Map of Texcoco
1448:Lienzo de Santa María Nativitas
580:. London: Thames & Hudson.
16:Central deity in Aztec religion
1458:Lienzo de Zacatepec I & II
365:Diccionario de Mitología Nahoa
1:
1728:Mesoamerican mythology stubs
258:("our"). By this etymology,
1654:This article relating to a
1593:Historia Tolteca-Chichimeca
1453:Lienzo de Santiago Ihuitlan
595:Sahagún, Bernadino (2012).
1744:
1641:
1553:Codex Santa Maria Asunción
1333:Boban Aztec Calendar Wheel
363:Cecilio A. Robelo (1905).
55:, Ometecuhtli, Citlaltonac
1568:Codex Telleriano-Remensis
1358:Mapas de Cuauhtinchan 1-4
1328:Codices Becker I & II
701:
33:
26:
1508:Plano en papel de maguey
1318:Codices Azoyú I & II
525:Bierhorst, John (1992).
1303:Aubin Manuscript no. 20
614:Wimmer, Alexis (2006).
272:
266:
260:
254:
248:
242:
236:
230:
224:
218:
1438:Lienzo Antonio de León
337:He turned the goddess
204:
1598:Codex Totomixtlahuaca
1538:Relación de Michoacán
1488:Códice Maya de México
1473:Matrícula de Tributos
1398:Codex Fejérváry-Mayer
843:Tlāhuizcalpantecuhtli
201:Codex Fejérváry-Mayer
198:
1628:Codex Zouche-Nuttall
1578:Anales de Tlatelolco
1468:Codex Magliabechiano
718:(Four Tezcatlipocas)
544:Hale, Susan (1891).
424:Bodo Spranz (1964).
294:Histoyre du Mechique
1518:Codex Porfirio Díaz
1513:Primeros Memoriales
1428:Codex Ixtlilxochitl
1423:Humboldt fragment 1
1413:Códice de Huichapan
1323:Badianus Manuscript
1277:The Stinking Corpse
118:None (self-created)
28:God of the Creation
1483:Crónica Mexicayotl
1368:Codex Chimalpopoca
957:Itzpapalotlcihuatl
937:Huitztlampaehecatl
798:Tezcatlipoca (see
764:Lords of the Night
409:Miller & Taube
328:Codex Chimalpopoca
205:
181:. His consort was
173:was a creator and
1675:
1674:
1636:
1635:
1613:Codex Vaticanus B
1573:Tira de Tepechpan
1418:Codex Huexotzinco
1363:Codex Chimalpahin
1282:Use of entheogens
1249:Tlillan-Tlapallan
1143:Centzon Tōtōchtin
1138:Centzonhuītznāhua
864:Acuecueyotl (see
719:
536:978-0-8165-1886-9
163:
162:
159:(Codex Zumarraga)
68:Thirteenth Heaven
1735:
1696:
1689:
1682:
1650:
1643:
1583:Codex Tlatelolco
1403:Codex Florentine
1343:Codex Borbonicus
1313:Codex Azcatitlan
1308:Aubin Tonalamatl
1239:Thirteen Heavens
1002:Mictlanpachecatl
962:Itzpapalotltotec
882:Chalchiuhtotolin
823:Lords of the Day
717:
707:
665:
658:
651:
642:
636:
634:
633:
628:
610:
591:
579:
568:
549:
540:
511:
510:
500:
494:
488:
482:
476:
467:
461:
455:
449:
440:
439:
421:
412:
406:
391:
385:
379:
378:
360:
310:Florentine Codex
298:Florentine Codex
275:
269:
263:
257:
251:
245:
239:
233:
227:
221:
38:
19:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1639:
1637:
1632:
1478:Codex Mexicanus
1408:Codex Huamantla
1383:Codex Cozcatzin
1373:Codex Colombino
1286:
1264:
1258:
1182:
1133:Centzonmīmixcōa
1116:
967:Itztlacoliuhqui
866:Chalchiuhtlicue
789:Piltzintecuhtli
774:Chalchiuhtlicue
750:
726:Huītzilōpōchtli
716:
708:
699:
674:
672:Aztec mythology
669:
639:
631:
629:
618:
613:
607:
594:
588:
571:
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477:
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458:
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436:
423:
422:
415:
407:
394:
386:
382:
375:
362:
361:
352:
347:
282:
280:Origin and role
210:
167:Aztec mythology
157:Huitzilopochtli
44:
29:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1741:
1739:
1731:
1730:
1725:
1723:Fertility gods
1720:
1715:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1698:
1691:
1684:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1656:myth or legend
1651:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1608:Anales de Tula
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1523:Mapa Quinatzin
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1353:Codex Boturini
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1268:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1216:
1214:Huēyi Teōcalli
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
987:Malinalxochitl
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
862:
857:
856:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
833:Mictēcacihuātl
830:
820:
819:
818:
813:
808:
803:
796:
791:
786:
784:Mictlāntēcutli
781:
776:
771:
760:
758:
752:
751:
749:
748:
738:
733:
728:
722:
720:
710:
709:
702:
700:
698:
697:
690:Tōnacātēcuhtli
682:
680:
676:
675:
670:
668:
667:
660:
653:
645:
638:
637:
611:
606:978-1607811619
605:
592:
586:
569:
563:
550:
541:
535:
521:
519:
516:
513:
512:
509:. H. J. Paris.
495:
483:
479:Sahagún book 6
468:
456:
441:
434:
413:
392:
380:
373:
349:
348:
346:
343:
281:
278:
273:Tōnacātēcuhtli
261:Tonacātēcuhtli
209:
206:
171:Tonacatecuhtli
161:
160:
142:
138:
137:
132:
128:
127:
124:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
107:
106:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
61:
57:
56:
50:
46:
45:
39:
31:
30:
27:
24:
23:
22:Tonacatecuhtli
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1740:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1685:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1640:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1563:Mapa Sigüenza
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1528:Codex Ramírez
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1388:Codex Dresden
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1163:Ehecatotontli
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
982:Macuilxochitl
980:
978:
977:Macuiltochtli
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
947:Ilamatecuhtli
945:
943:
942:Huixtocihuatl
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
907:Cihuatecayotl
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
867:
863:
861:
860:Acolnahuacatl
858:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
825:
824:
821:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
801:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
765:
762:
761:
759:
757:
753:
746:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
721:
715:
711:
706:
695:
694:Tōnacācihuātl
691:
687:
684:
683:
681:
677:
673:
666:
661:
659:
654:
652:
647:
646:
643:
626:
622:
617:
612:
608:
602:
598:
593:
589:
583:
578:
577:
570:
566:
564:9789684323124
560:
556:
551:
547:
542:
538:
532:
528:
523:
522:
517:
508:
507:
499:
496:
492:
487:
484:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
460:
457:
453:
448:
446:
442:
437:
435:968-16-1029-6
431:
427:
420:
418:
414:
410:
405:
403:
401:
399:
397:
393:
389:
384:
381:
376:
374:970-07-3149-9
370:
366:
359:
357:
355:
351:
344:
342:
340:
335:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
313:
311:
307:
303:
302:Tōnacācihuātl
299:
295:
291:
287:
279:
277:
274:
268:
262:
256:
250:
244:
238:
232:
226:
220:
215:
207:
202:
197:
193:
191:
186:
184:
183:Tonacacihuatl
180:
176:
175:fertility god
172:
168:
158:
154:
150:
146:
143:
139:
136:
135:Tonacacihuatl
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
108:
104:
100:
97:
93:
90:
87:
83:
80:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
58:
54:
51:
47:
43:
37:
32:
25:
20:
1718:Creator gods
1668:expanding it
1653:
1638:
1623:Codex Xolotl
1603:Codex Tudela
1588:Mapa Tloztin
1463:Codex Madrid
1348:Codex Borgia
1338:Codex Bodley
1263:Beliefs and
1222:
1178:Xiuhtotontli
1107:Yacatecuhtli
1087:Xōchiquetzal
1047:Tlacotzontli
1037:Temazcalteci
1032:Tēcciztēcatl
932:Huēhuecoyōtl
922:Coyolxāuhqui
892:Chicomecōātl
865:
848:Tlaltecuhtli
816:Xiuhtecuhtli
800:Creator gods
799:
736:Tezcatlipoca
731:Quetzalcoatl
714:Creator gods
689:
630:. Retrieved
620:
596:
575:
554:
545:
526:
505:
498:
486:
459:
452:Dictionnaire
425:
383:
364:
336:
332:Quetzalcoatl
325:
314:
283:
211:
190:Codex Borgia
187:
170:
164:
153:Quetzalcoatl
149:Tezcatlipoca
95:Ethnic group
42:Codex Borgia
1660:Mesoamerica
1558:Selden Roll
1533:Codex Reese
1503:Paris Codex
1493:Codex Osuna
1393:Codex Durán
1378:Codex Cospi
1298:Aubin Codex
1234:Teotihuacan
1209:Chicomoztoc
1168:Tiānquiztli
1112:Zacatzontli
1092:Xochitlicue
1052:Tlalocayotl
1042:Tepoztēcatl
952:Ītzpāpālōtl
838:Nanahuatzin
811:Tlazōlteōtl
794:Tepēyōllōtl
679:Primordials
625:Rémi Siméon
179:Ōmetēcuhtli
89:Mesoamerica
49:Other names
1713:Aztec gods
1707:Categories
1543:Codex Ríos
1433:Codex Laud
1229:Tamoanchan
1223:Underworld
1204:Cemanahuac
1173:Tzitzimitl
1153:Cihuateteo
1128:Ahuiateteo
1082:Xōchipilli
912:Cipactonal
902:Cihuacōātl
828:Citlālicue
741:Xipe Totec
632:2016-04-05
587:0500279284
518:References
296:, and the
286:Codex Ríos
145:Xipe-Totec
1272:Five Suns
1158:Civateteo
1072:Tonantzin
1067:Toltecatl
972:Ixtlilton
917:Cōātlīcue
491:Bierhorst
339:Quaxolotl
208:Etymology
110:Genealogy
1265:practice
1244:Tlālōcān
1148:Cintēteo
1027:Patecatl
1012:Opochtli
1007:Mixcoatl
992:Mayahuel
897:Chīmalmā
887:Chantico
877:Atlacoya
853:Tōnatiuh
779:Cinteotl
769:Centeōtl
745:Camaxtle
686:Ōmeteōtl
317:Cipactli
306:Omeyocan
231:tēcuhtli
228:. While
225:tēcuhtli
141:Children
123:Siblings
64:Omeyocan
53:Ometeotl
1291:Codices
1219:Mictlān
1194:Anahuac
1077:Xilonen
1057:Tlilhua
1017:Oxomoco
997:Metztli
927:Ehecatl
872:Atlahua
756:Deities
464:Garibay
334:prays.
326:In the
321:trecena
216:words:
214:Nahuatl
131:Consort
115:Parents
1254:Tōllān
1199:Aztlán
1187:Places
1121:Groups
1102:Xolotl
1097:Xocotl
1022:Painal
806:Tláloc
603:
584:
561:
546:Mexico
533:
432:
371:
292:, the
288:, the
249:nacatl
243:tonacā
237:tōnacā
219:tōnacā
85:Region
75:Gender
1662:is a
1658:from
1221:(The
623:, by
345:Notes
267:tōnac
103:Nahua
99:Aztec
60:Abode
1664:stub
1062:Toci
743:(or
692:and
601:ISBN
582:ISBN
559:ISBN
531:ISBN
430:ISBN
388:Hale
369:ISBN
222:and
126:None
79:Male
165:In
1709::
471:^
444:^
416:^
395:^
353:^
255:to
192:.
185:.
169:,
155:,
151:,
147:,
1695:e
1688:t
1681:v
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1225:)
868:)
802:)
747:)
696:)
664:e
657:t
650:v
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627:)
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567:.
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493:.
481:.
466:.
454:.
438:.
411:.
390:.
377:.
203:.
105:)
101:(
70:)
66:(
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